Animal Health Strategy

for Africa

Healthy Animals for Enhanced Livelihoods, Safe Trade, Public and Environmental Health
ANIMAL HEALTH STRATEGY FOR AFRICA
(AHSA) 2019 - 2035
A framework for delivering a sustainable animal health system that
meets global standards
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African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR)
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or by e-mail to: [email protected]

ISBN: 978-9966-077-38-7

© AU-IBAR 2019

Citation: The Animal Health Strategy for Africa 2019-2035. Nairobi, Kenya
Foreword

A frica’s animal resources, comprising livestock, aquatic animals and wildlife, play
a crucial role in food and nutritional security, livelihoods, tourism, national
economies and provision of environmental services. However, the potential of the
animal resources sector has not been realised given the status of animal health
and welfare in the continent. Animal diseases are key determinants of animal
health and welfare and are prevalent in Africa. The animal disease burden in Africa
is responsible for annual losses of over US$4 billion in Sub- Saharan Africa alone,
equivalent to 25% of the total value of livestock production in the continent.
Moreover, Africa’s animal production systems are characterized by close contact
between humans, domestic animals and wildlife, factors that are associated with
increasing incidence of emerging and re-emerging diseases, many of which are
zoonotic. Zoonotic diseases, as evidenced by the 2013-2016 Ebola epidemic in
Western Africa, can have widespread ramifications with long-term devastating
impacts on the economies of countries and the continent.

Africa’s animal health service delivery systems are generally weak, and the
majority of the African veterinary services assessed based on global standards
for the performance of veterinary services have medium to low capacity in the
critical competences.

The Animal Health Strategy for Africa (2019-2035) provides a framework

for delivering a sustainable animal health system in Africa that meets World
Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and other relevant global standards. It
provides a common vision and goals for the African continent for the improvement
of animal health delivery systems. It is aligned to global, continental and regional
frameworks including the Agenda 2063, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),
Malabo/ Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Program (CAADP),
Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance and the Livestock Development
Strategy (LiDeSA). It is a call for African Union institutions, Regional Economic
Communities (RECs) Member States and partners to adopt an integrated and
holistic approach for the improvement of animal health systems in Africa, given
the impact of animal diseases on the competitiveness of animal resources value
chains, the increasing risk of emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases, climate
change, inadequate environmental management and civil strife and conflict.

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources v

In addressing itself to the challenges and opportunities, the implementation
of this strategy will lead to improved capacity to anticipate and mitigate the
negative impacts of animal diseases, zoonosis, climate change, and disasters, with
the ultimate goal of improving animal and public health, food safety, food and
nutrition security, animal-dependent livelihoods, protection of the environment
and sustainable economic growth.

To achieve this the strategy focuses on the following objectives

• Strengthen animal health policy and institutional frameworks;
• Reduce disease risks and impacts on animals, humans and environment;
• Strengthen animal health interventions to address current and emerging issues
of public health concern at the human-animal-environment interfaces
• Improve capacities, access to inputs, markets and trade in animal resources
• Strengthen science, innovation, research and knowledge management;
• Enhance partnerships, investment and resourcing of the animal health sector.

The strategy builds on gains made by past and ongoing interventions to address
animal health challenges in Africa and incorporates the lessons learned and
best practices; as well, it identifies several success factors necessary for the
achievement of the objectives. Given the diversity of interventions required for
effective, efficient and sustainable animal health delivery systems, stakeholder
engagement, partnerships and multisector planning and implementation will be
pursued with vigor for the realization of the objectives of the strategy. Member
States will take a leading role in resource mobilization and implementation and
will adapt their interventions accordingly based on their specific peculiarities and
the accompanying 5 year implementation plan (2020-2024) of AHSA.

I therefore call upon Member States and Partners to pursue the shared vision and
goals of the strategy for sustainable animal health delivery systems in Africa

H.E. Amb. Josefa Leonel Correia Sacko

Commissioner for Rural Economy and Agriculture

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Acknowledgements
The Animal Health Strategy for Africa (AHSA) was developed under the leadership
of staff of the African Union InterAfrican Bureau for animal resources (AU-IBAR).
The task force comprised of Prof. Ahmed Elsawalhy, Prof. James Wabacha, Dr.
Annie Lewa, Dr. Baboucarr Jaw, Dr. Hiver Boussini, Dr. Ibrahim Gashash Ahmed,
Dr. Henry Wamwayi and Mr. Rasugu Kennedy Oroko .

The taskforce acknowledges expertise from the Dr. Judy Kimaru (Disaster
Response Manager, World Animal Protection); Dr. Nelly Isyagi (an aquatic and
animal health expert); Dr. George Njogu (represantive of the Directorate of
Veterinary Services Kenya); Dr. Thomas manyibe Nrariki (a wild life expert); Dr.
David Balikowa (a lifestock officer-EAC); and Dr. Zelalem Tadesse Tale (FAO-
ECTAD). The task force was also supported by a facilitator Dr. Samuel Muriuki.

The following continental and regional non-state actor organizations also

participated: The Pan African Farmers Association (PAFO), Confederation of
Traditional Herder Organizations in Africa (CORET), East and Southern Africa
Dairy Association (ESADA), Plateforme Sous-Régionale des organisations
Paysannes d’Afrique Central (PROPAC), Association pour la Promotion de
l’Elevage (APESS), Southern Africa Confederation of Agricultural Unions (SACAU),
African Association for Veterinary Education (2A2E – V), African Women in Animal
Resources Farming and Agribusiness Network (AWARFA-N), World Animal
Protection (WAP),African Youth in Livestock, Fisheries and Aquaculture Incubation
Network (AYL-FAIN) Association of African Veterinary Statutory Bodies (2AVSB)
and the coordinators of the Regional Animal Health Network (RAHN) from
Central, West, East and Southern Africa. The profiles of the broad spectrum
of participants collectively provided perspectives from policy makers, sector
managers, private-sector service providers, farmers, academia and researchers.

AU-IBAR appreciates the support eminent animal health experts (Guiding group)
for provision of outstanding technical support that ensured successful completion
of the initiative.

The support received from various stakeholders and experts not mentioned is
also acknowledged.

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources vii

The financial support of European Union and the contributions of the African
Union Commission are acknowledged with gratitude.

Finally, the support and the enthusiasm of the African Union Member States who
took part in the exercise are also acknowledged and highly appreciated.This work
would not have been completed without their active participation.

Prof. Ahmed El-Sawalhy

Director, African Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

viii African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

Table of Contents
Foreword v

Acknowledgements vii

List of Acronyms xi

Glossary xii

Chapter 1: Background and Context 1

1. Introduction 1
2. Context and Rationale for the Animal Health Strategy for Africa 3

Chapter 2: The Strategy 6

1. Vision, Mission, Goal and Strategic Approach 6
1.1 Vision, Mission and Goal 6
1.2 Strategic Approach 6
1.3 Guiding Principles 7

2. Strategic Objectives and Key Strategies 8

Strategic Objective 1: Strengthen animal health policy and institutional frameworks 8
Strategic Objective 2: Reduce disease risks and impacts on animals 9
Strategic Objective 3: Strengthen animal health interventions to address current, emerging and
re-emerging issues of public health concern 11
Strategic Objective 4: Improve access to inputs, markets and trade in animal resources 13
Strategic Objective 5: Strengthen Science,Innovation,Research and Knowledge Management 14

Chapter 3: Coordination, Implementation, Monitoring and

Evaluation 19
1 Guiding Principles 19

THEORY OF CHANGE – AHSA 21

2. The AHSA 2019 – 2035 Results Framework 22

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3. Objectives of the AHSA Coordination, Implementation, Monitoring and
Evaluation 24
3.1 Accountability and transparency: Tracking progress on implementation and making
key stakeholders aware of the progress. 24
3.2 Performance measurement and feedback 25
3.3 Knowledge Management 25
3.4 Implementation, M & E Framework for AHSA 25

4 Key Actors/Respective Responsibilities for an Effective AHSA Monitoring and

Evaluation System 26

5. Critical Success Factors 27

6. AHSA Results Measurement Framework 29

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List of Acronyms
Africa CDC Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention
AHSA Animal Health Strategy for Africa
AMA African Medical Agency
AMR Antimicrobial drug Resistance
AMU Antimicrobial drug Use
ARIS Animal Resources Information System
AU-IBAR African Union - Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources
AU- PANVAC African Union - Pan African Veterinary Vaccine Center
AU- PATTEC African Union - Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Eradication
Campaign
AWSA Animal Welfare Strategy for Africa
CAADP Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme
CAC Codex Alimentarius Commission
CBPP Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
GDP Gross Domestic Product
IHR International Health Regulations
LiDeSA Livestock Development for Strategy for Africa
MSs Member States of the African Union
NTDs Neglected Tropical Diseases
OIE World Organization for Animal Health (Organization International
des Epizootes)
PFRS Policy Framework and Reform Strategy for Fisheries and
Aquaculture
PPCPs Public Private Community Partnerships
PVS Performance Veterinary Services of the OIE
RECs Regional Economic Communities recognized by the African Union
SDG Sustainable development goals of the United Nations
SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary Sanitary measures
STISA Science Technology and Innovation for Africa
TADs Transboundary Animal Diseases
VLSP Veterinary Legislation Support Programme
WHO World Health Organization

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources xi

Glossary
-- Apiculture Bee keeping
-- Aquaculture Fish farming
-- ARIS An online resource developed by AU-IBAR to enable RECs and MSs to
collect, analyze and collate animal resources data in a timely manner.
-- Bioinformatics Term used to denote several disciplines in biological sciences
that utilize computer programming to analyze, plan and undertake experiments
particularly in the field of genomics.
-- Biostatistician Application of statistics to various aspects of biology. Designing
and analysis of biological experiments and studies.
-- Codex Individually recognized standards, codes of practice, guidelines and
-- Alimentarius other recommendations relating to foods, food production and
food security.
-- Comparativeability of an individual or group to carry out a particular activity
advantage (production of goods and services) more efficiently than another
activity.
-- Complementarity Where 2 or more different things improve or emphasize
principle each other’s qualities.
-- Data Analyst A person involved in the analysis, inspection, transformation
and modelling of data.
-- Economist Study of production, distribution and consumption of goods and
services.
-- Human-Livestock-Wildlife Interface Areas where humans, their livestock
and wildlife interact.
-- One health tripartite A collaborative effort between WHO, FAO and OIE
to promote cross- sectional collaboration to address risks from zoonosis
and other public health threats existing and emerging at the human - animal
ecosystems interface and provide guidance on how to reduce these risks.

Protected areas:-
-- Sanitary and Phytosanitary Sanitary Measures are meant to protect
humans, animals and plants from diseases, pests or contaminants.

Smart partnerships:-
-- Subsidiarity principle a principle of a social and political issues should be
dealt with at the most lowest /most immediate level.

xii African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

-- Vaccinology vaccine development studies
-- Vermiculture Worm farming; particularly earthworms
-- Zero by 30 A strategic plan to end human deaths from dog mediated deaths
by 2030.
-- Zoonotic Disease Diseases transferrable between animals and humans

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Chapter 1: Background and Context
1. Introduction
In 2013, the African Union Heads of State and Government launched the
African Union Agenda 20631 as the strategic framework for the socio-economic
transformation of the continent over a period of 50 years.The AU Agenda 2063
builds on,and seeks to accelerate the implementation of past and existing continental
initiatives for growth and sustainable development that include: the Comprehensive
Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP), Regional and National
Plans and Programmes. In 2015, the AU Heads of State and Government adopted
the Malabo Declaration on Accelerated Agricultural Growth and Transformation
for Shared Prosperity and Improved Livelihoods (Assembly/AU/Decl.1(XXIII).
Both the AU Agenda 2063 and the Malabo Declaration recognize the pivotal role
of the agricultural sector in the transformation of African economies.

Africa’s animal resources, comprising livestock, aquatic animals and wildlife,

contribute significantly to Africa’s societal needs and welfare through agriculture,
food and non-food products, including tourism, and other environmental services.
Other animal industry resources such as, aquaculture, apiculture, vermiculture and
other non-conventional micro-livestock farming like rabbits are under exploited.
The diseases and husbandry issues arising from these relatively new production
systems need to be addressed. On average, livestock alone contributes 35% of the
national agricultural GDP12.

In view of the above, any efforts to reduce food insecurity, malnutrition and
poverty must also focus on the animal resource sector. The status of animal
health and welfare are among the major challenges affecting the productivity,
growth and sustainability of the sector. For instance, the majority of the 117 OIE
listed diseases, infections and infestations in force in 2018, are endemic in Africa3.
In addition, there is a high prevalence of OIE non-listed diseases4 that impact
negatively on the productivity and welfare of animals, their resilience to climate
change as well as pose public health impacts to the human population on the
continent. In economic terms, animal diseases have major impacts through direct
1
https://au.int/Agenda2063/popular_version
2
FAO(2002). Cattle and small ruminant production systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, Systemic review
3
http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalsituation
4
http://www.au-ibar.org/pan-african-animal-resources-yearbook

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 1

loss of animals, high cost of treatment, lowered productivity, market disruptions
etc. According to the 2016 FAO Report on economic analysis of animal diseases,
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) alone causes over USD 2 billion
losses to African farmers annually5. Zoonotic diseases, as evidenced by the 2013-
2016 Ebola epidemic in Western Africa, can have widespread ramifications with
long-term devastating impacts on the economies of countries and the continent
(Reference). Implementation of effective strategies for the prevention, control and
eradication of animal diseases is necessary to avoid such losses.Therefore, the
effective and efficient delivery of animal health services is central to the required
improvements in animal health, animal production and productivity, safety of foods
of animal origin, public health and a healthy environment.

This Animal Health Strategy for Africa (AHSA) aims to address the challenges that
impact negatively on animal health service delivery in the African continent. The
AHSA is aligned to the Livestock Development Strategy for Africa (LiDeSA)6 and
further provides more focused strategic interventions and approaches to address
bee and aquatic health in a holistic manner in the context of the One Health
(OH) approach. It also aims to harmonize delivery of animal health services in the
continent with relevant global, continental and regional strategies and frameworks
and therefore serves as an overarching strategy to enhance efficiency and
effectiveness of animal health interventions in the continent.

This AHSA further aims to address the challenges on delivery of animal health
service in a harmonized way within the context of the One-Health approach
which is a collaborative, multi- sectoral, and trans- disciplinary approach, for
working locally, nationally, regionally, and globally, to achieve optimal health and
well-being of all animals, people, plants and their shared environment, recognizing
their inextricable interconnections.The One-Health approach, within the unique
needs of the African continent, additionally includes endemic neglected diseases
and strengthening of intersectoral linkages along the public-animal- environment
health interfaces.

Therefore, AHSA is expected to contribute to achieving the aspirations of the

African Union Agenda 2063 and the Malabo declaration on accelerated agriculture
growth and transformation for shared prosperity and improved livelihoods
(Assembly/AU/decl. 1(XXIII), the Africa Continental Free Trade Area, and the
5
FAO Animal Production and Health Guidelines 18: Economic Analysis of Animal Diseases
6
http://www.au-ibar.org/component/jdownloads/viewdownload/77-sd/2832-sd-20161020-lidesa-principal-document-en

2 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

Feed Africa Strategy. In addition, AHSA will contribute to the objectives of the
Livestock Development Strategy for Africa (LiDeSA), Animal Welfare Strategy for
Africa (AWSA), the Policy Framework and Reform Strategy for Fisheries and
Aquaculture (PFRS),African Strategy on Combating Illegal Exploitation on Wild
Flora and Fauna, and the Policy Framework for Pastoralism in Africa among others.

The implementation of AHSA will lead to improved capacity to anticipate and

mitigate the negative impacts of animal diseases, zoonosis, climate change, and
disasters for healthy and productive animal populations. It will also lead to improved
engagement of all value chain actors taking into account gender inclusivity and
youths in animal resource development for enhanced economic development and
social welfare.

2. Context and Rationale for the Animal Health Strategy

for Africa
Africa’s animal health service delivery systems are generally weak, and the majority
of the African veterinary services assessed have medium to low capacity in the
critical competences7. This results in massive losses in animal production, inability
to meet set market standards for animals and animal products, and a high burden
of health risks associated with the interactions between humans, animals and the
environment. This is a consequence of insufficient resourcing of animal health
delivery systems, poor advocacy, weak veterinary governance, inadequate cross-
border coordination and collaboration among key stakeholders.

Animal health and welfare are among the major challenges affecting the productivity,
growth and sustainability of the animal resource sector. Several factors impact on
animal health and welfare status; these include:
• High disease burden
• Veterinary governance
• Institutional and human resource capacities
• Inputs, markets and trade
• Research, technology and knowledge management
• Investment and partnerships
• Emerging issues of public health concern at the animal-human-environment
interfaces
7
http://www.au-ibar.org/component/jdownloads/viewdownload/53-progress-reports/1172-20130508-evt-20130418-19-abidjan-
progress-report-ircm-en

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 3

Poor animal health remains a major obstacle to the competitiveness of animal
resource value chains especially considering the risks of transmittingTransboundary
Animal Diseases (TADs) and zoonotic diseases.The animal disease burden in
Africa is responsible for annual losses of over US$4 billion in Sub- Saharan Africa
alone, equivalent to 25% of the total value of livestock production in the continent
(AU- IBAR, 2010). In addition, the continental animal herds/flocks are at great
risk of emerging and re- emerging zoonotic diseases that have devastating public
health, environment and socio-economic impacts.

Africa’s rapidly growing human population has resulted in increased demand for
food and access to natural resources that has led to increased human-domestic
animal-wildlife interactions. Moreover, the high rate of urbanization in Africa is
resulting in changes in food preferences, cross-cultural food habits and dysfunctional
waste disposal systems with impact on public and animal health.This has been
exacerbated by climate change, inadequate environmental management and civil
strife and conflict.The uncontrolled movement of animals across the wildlife-
livestock interface contributes to the occurrence of TADs e.g. foot-and-mouth
disease with consequent negative impacts on markets, food security, incomes, and
livelihoods. Reducing the incidence of these diseases and their associated risks is
therefore among the key priorities to be addressed.

Africa’s animal production systems are characterized by close contact between

humans, domestic animals and wildlife.Taking into consideration the unique
nature of animal production systems in Africa, there is need for a One-Health
approach that takes into account the different production systems, human- animal-
environment interactions, and consumption patterns, this strategy will give special
emphasis to multi- sectoral approaches, capacities and the control of all epidemic
and endemic zoonotic diseases of public health significance.

The diversity within Africa’s animal resources sector and the wide array of
institutions, stakeholders, and markets creates challenges and opportunities
for the governance of the sector which impact animal health service delivery.
In addition, there are varying capacities and governance structures and different
policy, legal and regulatory environments in member states to address some
of these challenges. However, the application of evidence-based knowledge to
ameliorate them has not been adequately harnessed and utilized. Similarly the
enormous potential of the private sector, women and youth in animal resources
development as well as smart partnerships for addressing complex challenges is
4 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources
not fully harnessed.

This strategy takes cognizance of these issues and proposes appropriate

interventions to mitigate their impacts on animal health.The African Union
Commission institutions AU-IBAR,Africa CDC, PATTEC, and PANVAC has
coordination, quality control of vaccines for use in the continent.The strategy
further recognizes that some positive impacts have been achieved from past and
ongoing interventions to address animal health challenges in Africa through various
animal health agendas, commitments, frameworks, tools and guidelines. Lessons
and best practices of these interventions have been taken into account in the
development of this strategy. In particular, the success of AU- IBAR in coordinating
the eradication of rinderpest and preventing the occurrence of the pandemic
highly pathogenic avian influenza inAfrica,the establishment ofAU-PANVAC and
its role in the quality assurance of veterinary vaccines Africa and laboratory
capacity enhancement, the coordination by AU-PATTEC for the eradication of
tsetse and trypanosomiasis, are key considerations. In January 2017, the African
Union Heads of States and Governments established the Africa Centers for
Disease Control and prevention (Africa-CDC) to strengthen Africa’s public health
institution capacities, capabilities, and partnerships to detect and respond quickly
and effectively to disease threats and outbreaks based on science, policy and
data-driven interventions and programmes.The strategic alliance between these
AU institutions will mainstream and consolidate the One-Health approach in
Africa including strengthening coordination with African Medicine Agency (AMA)
1. Partnership will be streamlined and strengthened with other AU organs and
institutions, the FAO, OIE,WHO and others for interventions at the continental
level and with other relevant partners at the regional and national levels.

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Chapter 2 The Strategy
1. Vision, Mission, Goal and Strategic Approach
1.1 Vision, Mission and Goal
The vision, goal and mission resonate with issues of transformation, competitiveness
and sustainability of the animal resource sector and its contribution to economic
development.

Vision: Healthy and productive animal populations that enhance the economic
development and social welfare of Africa.

Mission: To deliver an innovative, harmonized and sustainable Animal Health

System for Africa that meets global standards.

Goal: To contribute to improved animal and public health, food safety, food
and nutrition security, improved livelihoods, protection of the environment and
sustainable economic growth.

1.2 Strategic Approach

The strategic approach will encompass the following:
• Aligning with global, continental and regional frameworks including:- The
AU Agenda 2063, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Comprehensive
African Agricultural Development Programme (CAADP) Results Framework,
Feed Africa Strategy, Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance
(AMR),International Health Regulations (IHR) andWorld Organization for
Animal Health (OIE), Codex Alimentarius commission (CAC) Standards,
LiDeSA, the Animal Welfare Strategy for Africa (AWSA),AU Science Technology
and Innovation Strategy for Africa (STISA), Policy Framework and Reform
Strategy for Fisheries and Aquaculture (PFRS), functionality of the Africa
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), African strategy
on combating illegal exploiting of wild flora and fauna, Sendai framework for
disaster risk reduction, One Health tripartite “Zero-by-30” and the global
strategic plan to end human deaths from Dog mediated Rabies by 2030.8
8
African Medicine Agency (AMA) is designed to promote the adoption and harmonization of medical products, regulatory policies and
standards, and scientific guidelines and coordinate existing regulatory harmonization efforts in the Regional Economic Communities
and Regional Health Organizations. It will further provide regulatory guidance, scientific opinion and common framework for
regulatory actions on medical products as well as priority and emerging issues and pandemics.

6 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

• Advocating for significant public and private sector investments and
stakeholder’s participation
• Enabling policy,legislative,regulatory and institutional environment for private
sector investment and public-private partnership;
• Promoting inter-sectoral and multidisciplinary approaches such as One-Health
Approach in order to address the interconnectedness of human, animal and
ecosystem health;
• Promoting the development and application of technologies that leverage on
science and innovation for improvement of animal health systems;
• Enhancing capacities for information and knowledge management to support
evidence-based planning and practices;
• Promoting innovative market orientation within the context of a safe
environment for animal and human health;
• Promoting risk based interventions based on inclusive prioritization and
stakeholder engagements
• Expanding the participation of other actors in animal health services delivery
in the context of One Health across the value chains.

1.3 Guiding Principles

• Principles of subsidiarity, solidarity and complementarity based on mandate
and comparative advantage;
• Transparency and mutual accountability for results, actions and information
sharing;
• Partnerships, coordination and collaboration at national, regional, continental
and international levels with regional, sub-regional and cross-border
cooperation to reinforce timely information sharing and coordinated
interventions.
• Respect for biodiversity, in line with international and global agreements
• Professionalization of animal health care at all levels;
• Continental ownership and leadership, with AU institutions coordinating and
ensuring that all interventions by partners are in line with relevant continental
guidelines.
• Dynamic and adaptive in responses to emerging issues.

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 7

2. Strategic Objectives and Key Strategies
The aim of this strategy is to provide a framework for managing the challenges
related to animal health in Africa.These challenges are addressed through the
following strategic objectives (SO)
SO 1: Strengthen animal health policy and institutional frameworks;
SO 2: Reduce disease risks and impacts on animals, humans and environment;
SO 3: Strengthen animal health interventions to address current and emerging
issues of public health concern at the human-animal-environment interfaces
SO 4: Improve capacities, access to inputs, markets and trade in animal
resources
SO 5: Strengthen science, innovation, research and knowledge management;
SO 6: Enhance partnerships, investment and resourcing of the animal health
sector.

Strategic Objective 1: Strengthen animal health policy and institutional

frameworks
Trends in the animal resource sector have led to a situation whereby the current
animal health policies and strategies do not sufficiently address emerging issues
in the sector. The existing policies in several member states have consequently
become obsolete in relation to the emerging needs of member states. There
are also disparities in policies between member states reflecting incoherence in
the formulation and implementation of policies, strategies and frameworks to
guide the envisaged transformation in member states and Regional Economic
Communities (RECs).

This strategic objective aims to strengthen animal health policy and institutional
frameworks in order to create an enabling environment for delivering a sustainable
animal health system that meets global standards.

2.1 Strategies
2.1.1 Enhance the capacity for animal health policy formulation and implementation
at national and regional levels
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Build capacity for the formulation and implementation of standardized and
institutionalized continental frameworks to guide the harmonization of regional
and national animal health policies including monitoring and evaluation;
ii. Strengthen functional inter-sectoral and inclusive linkages for the formulation
8 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources
 and implementation of animal health policies among member states and RECs;
iii. Promote evidence-based advocacy and lobbying targeting the public, decision
makers and other stakeholders in the animal resource sector.

2.1.2 Support the review and strengthening of animal health legal frameworks including
emerging animal health issues (laws, regulations, procedures, customs and norms)
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Align animal health laws with national and regional policies for ease of
implementation;
ii. Improve veterinary legislation based on OIE standards and guided by the OIE-
Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS) evaluation and Veterinary Legislation
Support Programme (VLSP);

2.1.3 Support the development and strengthening of institutional structures for animal
health.
This strategy aims to support the development of frameworks for streamlining
of mandates and functional relationships between the animal health and related
institutions.

Strategic Objective 2: Reduce disease risks and impacts on animals

In many African countries, animal diseases have considerable impacts on animal
production, public health,environment,marketing and trade thereby adversely
affecting livelihoods,and the contribution of animal resources to economic
development. Mitigating measures to address the challenges caused by these
diseases are often inadequate. Transboundary aquatic animal, bee and wildlife
diseases are also of particular concern because of the inadequate capacity for
their management. Compounding this situation are inadequacies in early warning
systems and preparedness as well as risks attributable to climate change and
disasters.The ability to detect and assess disease risks and their impacts on animal
resources, public welfare, and the environment is critical for the development of
evidence-based control and mitigation measures.

2.2 Strategies
2.2.1 Enhance capacity to manage animal diseases
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Improve biosecurity and adoption of best practices for animal resource
management, utilization and welfare under different production systems;
ii. Improve capacity and systems for animal disease risk analysis;
African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 9
iii. Improve disease surveillance and early detection, animal identification and
traceability systems;
iv. Improve capacity of all relevant stakeholders to respond to animal health
challenges including support to primary animal health care at community level;
v. Promote the establishment of early warning, emergency response mechanisms
and disaster fund for animal resources at national, regional and continental
levels;
vi. Support the adoption of the OIE recommendations for education of
veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals to achieve a standardized
minimum level of competence for animal health service delivery;
vii. Promote the establishment and implementation of mutual recognition
agreements for animal health professionals;
viii. Strengthen national and regional animal health infrastructure and human
resource capacities with particular attention to aquatic animals, bees, wildlife
and emerging production systems;
ix. Strengthen and support private sector participation and investment in animal
health service delivery.

2.2.2 Develop and implement initiatives for risk reduction, progressive control, and
eradication of animal diseases
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Map and prioritize animal diseases across the continent;
ii. Support the development/implementation of programs and strategies for the
prevention, control and eradication of priority animal diseases;
iii. Promote smart partnerships in disease management including community
engagement;
iv. Promote cross border and regional cooperation and collaboration for
Transboundary Animal Disease (TADs) management
v. Support coordination and implementation of the post rinderpest eradication
action plan.

2.2.3 Develop and implement initiatives that mitigate human drivers of animal diseases
and the impact of environmental and climate changes on animal health and welfare
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Improve capacity for prevention and disaster risk management at the human-
animal-environment interface in line with rural development and biodiversity
conservation objectives;
ii. Build capacity for effective contribution to initiatives on sustainable
10 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources
 environmental management, the integrity of protected areas in as far as animal
health and welfare are concerned;
iii. Support measures to reduce the spread of disease along the human-livestock-
wildlife interface;
iv. Promote development and implementation of climate change mitigation and
adaptation measures that enhance animal health in collaboration with relevant
existing national, regional, continental and international initiatives;
v. Promote the use of indigenous knowledge to enhance animal health and
welfare and ecosystems management;
vi. Support and promote initiatives that address animal health issues in situations
of conflicts driven by resource competition, migration, cross-border and
transhumance movements and civil unrest that impact the animal resource
sector.

Strategic Objective 3: Strengthen animal health interventions to

address current, emerging and re-emerging issues of public health
concern
The global appreciation of the role of animal health in human wellbeing and public
health are increasingly contributing to the growing calls for animal, human and
environmental health disciplines and sectors to work collaboratively through
the One-Health approach to address health challenges at the animal-human-
environment interfaces more effectively. Hence the need for animal and human
health practitioners as well as environmentalists/ ecologists to work under the
“One Health” approach in order to prevent and control zoonotic diseases,
emerging and re- emerging infectious diseases, other shared health conditions
like antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial use (AMU), food safety and
environmental hygiene. The strategic interventions will be aligned to the global
One Health frameworks jointly developed by OIE/FAO/WHO.

2.3 Strategies
2.3.1 Promote the One-Health Approach
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Support advocacy and awareness creation among stakeholders and policy
makers and the general public on the One-Health approach in order to
promote risk management actions;
ii. Promote the establishment, strengthening and institutionalisation of the One
Health Approach to foster sustainable collaboration and coordination at all
levels;
African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 11
iii. Promote joint research initiatives on disease dynamics at the animal-human-
environment interface;
iv. Promote the integration, periodic review and strengthening of One-Health
modules into the curriculum of Veterinary Education Establishments and
continuous professional development programmes

2.3.2 Support the development, domestication and implementation of continental,

regional and national initiatives on antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance
(AMR) in line with global frameworks This strategy aims to strengthen human and
institutional capacities for preventing, managing and mitigating the occurrence, effects
and impacts of AMR.

2.3.3 Enhance capacities and initiatives to prevent, detect and control zoonoses,
emerging and re- emerging diseases
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Support capacity development for mapping, identification and prioritization
of zoonoses including neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), emerging and , re-
emerging epidemic disease threats;
ii. Support the development and implementation of programs and strategies
for the progressive control and eradication of zoonotic diseases in line with
global, continental, regional and local priorities;
iii. Support and strengthen technical capacities and institutional structures
for diagnoses, surveillance, prevention, control and treatment of zoonoses,
emerging and re-emerging diseases.

2.3.4 Strengthen safety control systems for animal feeds and foods of animal origin
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Support the establishment/strengthening and streamlining of governance
structures on food safety issues;
ii. Support the strengthening of capacities of food control agencies for improved
enforcement at national and regional levels;
iii. Support capacity building of animal resource value chain actors to implement
food and feed safety standards;
iv. Support advocacy, awareness creation, information sharing and networking on
food and feed safety issues.

12 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

2.3.5 Support enhancement and enforcement of environmental hygiene standards for
animal industry operations
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Promote the participatory development and/or strengthening the
implementation of policies, legal and regulatory frameworks for effective
environmental management in animal resource value chains;
ii. Promote adoption of guidelines for the design, management and operations
of animal resource production, marketing, processing and transportation
infrastructure and equipment to manage the release of waste into the
environment;
iii. Promote initiatives for the environmentally friendly treatment and utilization
of animal wastes;
iv. Support awareness creation, advocacy and stakeholder engagement for proper
environmental management at all levels of animal value chains.

Strategic Objective 4: Improve access to inputs, markets and trade in

animal resources
Apart from diseases, production and productivity of animal resources in Africa are
constrained by inadequate access to inputs such as forage, feed, drugs, vaccines,
technology, extension and advisory

services.Others include the inadequate access to market information and challenges

in the market dynamics.African Union member states also face challenges of
accessing regional and international markets due partly to their inability to meet
market requirements, poor infrastructure and low competitiveness of animal
commodities from Africa compared to those from other regions of the world.
Enhancing the competitiveness of animal commodities through research and
technology uptake into value chains has the potential to make animal commodities
more responsive to both intra-regional and international trade.

2.4 Strategies
2.4.1 Improve access to quality inputs and services along the value chains
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Support establishment/strengthening of quality assurance schemes for specific
products;
ii. Develop, harmonize and strengthen regulations for manufacturing, marketing
authorization, utilistion and disposal of veterinary drugs, equipment, biological
products (including vaccines) and animal genetic resources;
African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 13
iii. Support harmonization and strengthen animal feed,feed additives and feed
ingredient regulations and standards;
iv. Promote involvement of veterinary professionals in the regulation of veterinary
medicines, equipment, vaccines and biological products;
v. Strengthen the capacity of vaccine producers and vaccine Banks.

2.4.2 Improve trade and marketing of animals and animal products

This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Promote domestication and implementation of animal health and food safety
standards at the national level and harmonization of export and import
policies/legislation at the regional level;
ii. Enhance human and infrastructural capacities along animal resource value
chains to improve the safety and quality of animal commodities;
iii. Support commodity-based trade through relevant stakeholder engagement
and capacity building and establishment of institutional mechanisms for its
facilitation;
iv. Improve and/or establish animal resources marketing information/Intelligence
systems for market accessibility, stock availability and price sharing purposes.

2.4.3 Improve harmonization and linkages amongst Sanitary and Phytosanitary

Sanitary (SPS) authorities and other stakeholders
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Improve the quality of multi-stakeholder participation in standard setting
processes and trade negotiations at national, regional, continental and
international levels;
ii. Strengthen and harmonize animal and animal products inspectorate services,
movement controls, identification and traceability systems;
iii. Support formation and operationalization of self-regulation platforms for SPS
compliance.

Strategic Objective 5: Strengthen Science,Innovation,Research and

Knowledge Management
In an ever-changing environment, the use of research, science and new knowledge to
innovate for the maintenance of good animal health and increased productivity for
animals and animal products cannot be over-emphasized. The existing production
patterns will not cope with the projected protein requirements of the population
and there will be need for new innovative means of production to cater for
the increase in demand and attain self-sufficiency. Science, innovation, research
14 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources
and knowledge will therefore, have to grow concurrently with the population
and animal health demands in a sustainable manner. Unfortunately investing in
research and innovation in Africa is not often considered a priority because the
economic return is not immediately apparent.

To address the above-mentioned challenges,the terrestrial and aquatic animal

health and production research agenda on the continent needs to be home-
grown and tailored to meet the animal health requirements and the food and
nutritional needs of the population.This should be done within the context of the
Science Technology and Innovation Strategy for Africa – 2024 (STISA – 2024) with
a specific focus on animal resources.

The research agenda should be set based on the needs and priorities of the
continent through adopting a rigorous approval process of research proposals.The
research programs should enable generation of evidence and the development
of new tools to support effective prevention and control of animal diseases as
well as improve livestock trade, food safety and animal welfare. Furthermore,
adoption, dissemination and uptake of research products should be facilitated by
establishing appropriate information exchange platforms, feedback mechanism as
well as an extension system for upscaling research findings.

In order to stimulate industry driven research programs, incentives need to be

provided through protection and enforcement of Intellectual Property (IP) rights.

2.5 Strategies
2.5.1 Develop appropriate information systems to facilitate knowledge sharing and
evidence- based decision making
This strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Strengthen capacity for data collection, collation, analysis, interpretation,
communication and dissemination to guide decision making;
ii. Promote the recruitment, training and deployment of relevant personnel in
areas where the sector has skill deficits e.g. biostatistician, epidemiologists,
bioinformatics, data analyst, economists;
iii. Develop inclusive animal health research mechanisms, linkages and knowledge
sharing platforms and networks including twinning programmes;
iv. Promote technology uptake along value chains for enhanced competitiveness.

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 15

2.5.2 Improve capacities and the linkages between research and end users
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Strengthen national animal research systems along the research-extension
continuum;
ii. Support the development of a mechanism for prioritizing research
interventions to increase responsiveness to local needs and promote a home
driven research agenda.

2.5.3 Develop models to attract private sector investments in animal health research
and innovation
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Promote mechanisms for joint identification of research priorities with private
sectors and other animal health actors for implementing market-oriented
research that attract private sector (including small and medium scale private
sector actors) investment;
ii. Promote and/or enhance intellectual property rights for research outcomes
and patenting of products including those from indegineous knowledges.

2.5.4 Improve awareness, advocacy and communication along the animal health value
chain
This strategy will aim to create mechanisms for communication reach to include
the general public in order to build support and promote behavior change;

2.5.5 Promote human resource development and sustainability in animal health,

science and research This strategy will aim to identify and promote mechanisms for
attracting and retaining suitable human resources in animal health, veterinary medicine
and allied sciences and research including development of mechanisms and outreach
programs to increase the proportion of youths who take up science as a career.

Strategic Objective 6: Enhance partnerships, coordination, investment

and resourcing of the animal health sector
There is a multiplicity of actors in the animal health sector in Africa. However, the
different actors tend to operate in isolation in the different animal production
value chains. There is therefore a need to develop and promote effective multi-
sectoral and multi-stakeholder partnerships to support animal health service
delivery systems. Programmes and projects in animal health within the continent
should also be coordinated and harmonized for value addition and proper resource
allocation to priority areas while ensuring operational efficiencies.
16 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources
Major challenges in the animal health sector are experienced in the areas of
resource allocation and inadequate communication, coordination, harmonization,
collaboration and public-private partnerships among actors resulting in many gaps
and duplication of activities with the consequences of low impact of interventions
and wastage of resources. Other challenges include inadequate enabling policy
and legislative frameworks and guidelines to facilitate public-private partnerships
and investments in the animal health sector.

The poor funding of Animal Health programmes in many African countries over
the decades has led to serious deficits in infrastructural, personnel, technical
and financial capabilities as well as the erosion of the performance of veterinary
services. This has hampered innovations and improvements for the effective
health care for animals and their contribution to food security, food safety and
public health security. Building sustainable 21st century animal health systems
within the context of the One-Health approach requires adequate investments
and resourcing by both Governments and other animal health value chain actors
including the private sector.

This animal health strategy aims to strengthen stakeholder mobilization,

engagement and partnerships that foster effective collaboration between
stakeholders to enhance animal health and productivity; ensure the ownership of
responsibilities and the joint monitoring and evaluation of interventions that are
aligned with national, regional and continental priorities. The strategy will foster
partnerships built on trust, coordinated efforts, and effective communication in
order to improve investments and resource mobilization in the animal health
sector guided by the One Health approach.The strategy will serve as a guide
for the creation of enabling environments for improved investments to address
national priorities by the public and private sectors and through public-private
sector partnerships. Awareness creation and evidence-based advocacy among the
animal health stakeholders will be carried out to stimulate the necessary actions
to achieve these.

2.6 Strategies
2.6.1 Support smart partnerships, coordination and collaborative formulation and
implementation of frameworks for the delivery of animal health programs
This strategy will aim to achieve the following:
i. Support institutionalization and harmonized implementation of priority regional
and continental animal health strategies and agreements at national level;

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 17

ii. Promote and support smart partnerships including public private community
partnerships (PPCPs), networks and platforms to advocate animal health
issues at continental, regional and national levels;

Develop and promote the adoption and implementation of policy guidelines and
action plans for multi-sectoral partnerships and stakeholders’ engagement in
animal health.

2.6.2 Identify investment and funding priorities and mobilize resources for
implementation
This Strategy aims to achieve the following:
i. Support generation and dissemination of requisite relevant information
to demonstrate the contribution of animal health to socio- economic
development, public health, ecosystem health, food and nutrition security and
livelihoods as an advocacy tool to stimulate increased resource allocation and
investments in animal health at national, regional and continental levels;
ii. Develop resource mobilization strategies to broaden and enhance funding for
animal health priorities;
iii. Promote institutionalization of public private partnerships to improve animal
health service delivery and investment at continental, regional and national
levels.

18 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

Chapter 3: Coordination, Implementation,
Monitoring and Evaluation
This section details the guiding principles;the Implementation,Monitoring and
Evaluation framework; the Theory of Change and Results Chain; key actors involved
in the strategy implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation and their responsibilities;
and, critical success factors to effective implementation of AHSA 2019 - 2035.The
objective of this section is to ensure that the Animal Health Strategy for Africa’s
vision, mission, goal, strategic objectives and their associated targets have been
realized.This requires that there are in place effective implementation, monitoring
and evaluation arrangements at the national, regional and continental levels. In
addition, resources and respective capacities to support the implementation
process need to be mobilized / developed at all the three levels.

It is worth noting that an Implementation Plan and Monitoring and Evaluation

Framework will be developed in line with the Agenda 2063Ten-Year Implementation
Cycles; thus, the 2019 - 2023 implementation plan and M & E Framework for this
strategy will be developed and implemented within the framework of Agenda 2063
First Ten-Year Implementation Plan 2014 - 2023.The next cycle of implementation
will align with Agenda 2063 Second Ten-Year Implementation Plan 2024 - 2033,
with two 5-year Mid-Term Plans 2024 - 2028 and 2029 - 2033.The remaining
two years of this plan will be dedicated to addressing outstanding key issues, final
evaluation and development of a successor strategy to deepen the realization of
benefits.

1. Guiding Principles
An Implementation, Monitoring & Evaluation Framework for AHSA 2019 - 2035
that provides an integrated set of principles, practices and standards will be guided
by the following overarching principles:
i. Alignment with continental frameworks:The Implementation, M&E
Framework will be aligned with the LIDESA, PFRS,AWSA, STISA, CAADP,
Malabo Declaration and Agenda 2063 results frameworks to minimize
duplication and maximize synergy.
ii. RBM Approach:The framework will primarily focus on the attainment of
outcomes and impacts.

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 19

iii. Inclusive planning: A strong multi-sector planning approach will be central and
integral to ensuring a sustainable transformed animal resources sector; hence
diverse stakeholders will be engaged in the development and implementation
of the M&E Framework.
iv. RECs and MSs Primacy: RECs and MSs will play a leading role in leading
implementation of the strategy. The continental M&E framework will
be cascaded down to RECs and MSs. It will be adapted suit their specific
particularities.
v. Participatory reporting: Members state will collect data for own use and
disseminate to regional and continental levels where they will be consolidated,
analyzed and reports generated and disseminated to various stakeholders in
accordance with the implementation architecture to be outlined in detailed
implementation plans.

20 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

THEORY OF CHANGE – AHSA

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 21

22
2. The AHSA 2019 – 2035 Results Framework
Impact of a sustainable animal health system Level 1: Contribution to improved animal and public health, food safety, food and
that meets global standards nutrition security, improved livelihoods, protection of the environment and sustainable
economic growth
1. Animal and 2. Food Safety 3. Food and 4. Poverty 5. Improved resilience
Public Health Nutrition alleviation and
Security inclusive growth

Towards an Level 2:Transforming Africa’s Animal Health System

innovative, Outcome 1: Outcome 2: Outcome 3: Outcome 4: Outcome 5: Outcome 6:
harmonized and Animal health Disease risks Access to inputs, Science, Partnership, Animal health
sustainable Animal policy, legal and and impacts on markets and Innovation, investment and interventions to
Health System for institutional animals, humans trade in animal Research and resourcing of address current and
Africa frameworks and environment resources Knowledge the animal health emerging issues of

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

strengthened reduced improved Management sector enhanced public health concern
Strengthened strengthened

Enhancing capacities Level 3: Strengthening Animal Health System capacities at continental, regional and national levels for
to deliver results enhanced delivery of results in Africa
Output 1.1 Output 2.1 Output 3.1 Output 4.1 Output 5.1 Output 6.1
Capacity for animal Capacity to Access to Appropriate Effective The One Health
health policy manage animal quality inputs information partnerships, Approach promoted
formulation and diseases enhanced and services systems to coordination
implementation at along the animal facilitate and the joint
national and regional health value knowledge formulation of
levels enhanced chains improved sharing and Animal Health
evidence-based programs
decision making supported
developed
 Output 1.2 Output 2.2 Output 3.2 Output 4.2 Output 5.2 Output 6.2
Review and Initiatives for Support to trade Capacities and Development of Initiatives to
strengthening the progressive and marketing the linkages multi-sectoral ensure appropriate
of animal health control, of animals and between approaches, antimicrobial
legal frameworks eradication and animal products research and end collaborative use (AMU) and
including emerging risk reduction of enhanced users enhanced frameworks mitigate the impact
animal health issues animal diseases and action plans of antimicrobial
(laws, regulations, developed and Output 3.3 Output 4.3 for stakeholder resistance (AMR)
procedures, implemented Linkages Modules engagement in line with global
customs and norms) amongst SPS to attract supported frameworks
supported Output 2.3 authorities private sector developed,
Initiatives that and other investments in Output 5.3 domesticated and
Output 1.3 mitigate human stakeholders animal health investment and adopted
Development drivers of animal harmonized and research and funding priorities
and strengthening diseases and strengthened innovation and mobilize Output 6.3
of institutional the impact of developed resources for Capacities and
structures for animal environmental and implementation initiatives to prevent,
health supported climate changes Output 4.4 identified detect and control
on animal health Human resource zoonoses, emerging
and welfare development Output 6.4 and re-emerging
developed and and sustainability Food safety diseases enhanced
implemented in animal control systems
health, science for animal-
and research source foods
promoted strengthened

Output 4.5 Output 6.5

Awareness, Enhancement of
advocacy and environmental
communication hygiene
along the animal standards for

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

health value chain animal industry
improved operations

23
supported
3. Objectives of the AHSA Coordination, Implementation,
Monitoring and Evaluation
The Implementation and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (M&E) will
function as an apex level information system which will draw from the continental
bodies, RECs, MSs and other partners to deliver useful information for its users.
It will be used for strengthening program planning and improving effectiveness of
the actions and interventions implemented and will provide critical information
and evidence regarding the performance of the strategic options implemented.
The objectives of the AHSA M&E Framework are:

3.1 Accountability and transparency: Tracking progress on implementation and

making key stakeholders aware of the progress.

3.1.1 Accountability and Transparency Mechanism

By committing to the implementation of the Animal Health Strategy for Africa,
the actors in the animal resources sector are in essence committing to two key
obligations to ensure the successful implementation of the strategy: ownership
of responsibilities and the obligation to implement, monitor and report progress
towards achieving those responsibilities. This will mean having the obligation to
report on decisions and/or actions taken in line with the established indicators
and agreed targets for sound animal resources sector management practice and
performance. Results Based Management (RBM) and decision making will be
employed to ensure a clear and logical basis for allocating resources to expected
results and their eventual attainment. Reporting on these aspect will encompass
tracking progress towards the realization of expected outputs, outcomes and
impacts together with relevant analysis and explanations.The mechanisms will
provide three categories of accountability for which stakeholders will be required
to report on:
i. Performance accountability: This refers to demonstrating and accounting
for performance in terms of agreed upon performance targets relating to
scope, quality and delivery schedule. The focus will be on service delivery,
outputs, outcomes and impacts through feedback and learning.
ii. Political accountability: This will focus on institutions, procedures and
mechanisms that will ensure that RECs and Member States deliver on promises
meant for the realization of this strategy, fulfils public trust, represents
stakeholder’s interests and responds to stakeholder needs and concerns. A

24 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

 central concern will be equity in remedying the animal resources performance
failures through appropriate and acceptable policy, regulation and resource
allocation.
iii. Financial accountability: Essentially financing is an enabler to realization of
intended results. Financial accountability concerns tracking and reporting on
allocations, disbursement and utilization of financial resources. This will be
achieved by using budgeting, accounting and auditing tools. Another aspect
of financial accountability will be to provide assurances that resources
and authority is exercised according to appropriate and legal procedures,
professional standards and social values.

3.2 Performance measurement and feedback

This involves using M&E results as feedback for adaptive management aimed at
improved efficiency and effectiveness. Performance measurement framework will
provide a consistent approach for systematically collecting, analyzing, utilizing and
reporting on the performance of the AHSA. It is designed to be a tool for measuring
and reporting the level of achievements of results.The performance measurement
framework will be a living document that will be updated as necessary and will
adhere to the following measurement principles:
i. It should be simple and cost effective
ii. Performance indicators selected should at the minimum meet the smart
criteria (simple, valid, reliable, affordable and relevant)
iii. It should facilitate learning and action for effective strategy implementation

3.3 Knowledge Management

Knowledge management involves learning and experience sharing for improved
decision making. For effective knowledge management, good data management
systems at continental, regional and national levels will be essential. Mechanisms
and data management systems to collect, organize and transform data into usable
formats will be developed for AHSA. Furthermore; Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) such as the Animal Resources Information System (ARIS) will
be used to improve the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of M&E data collection,
processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination.

3.4 Implementation, M & E Framework for AHSA

Within the principle of solidarity and complementarity, the national, regional
and continental layers involved in the design, implementation, monitoring and
evaluation of AHSA 2019 – 2035 will collaborate as follows:
African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 25
i. National Level: This level is the main source issues and ideas for AHSA
2019 - 2035, and will be responsible mobilizing resources to support its
implementation, monitoring and evaluation of processes and outcomes of the
implementation.
ii. Regional Level: It is the entry point for AHSA 2019 – 2035 regional
programmes, perspectives and initiatives. It coordinates regional resource
mobilization for implementation and the integration of monitoring and
evaluation of Member States.
iii. Continental Level: It provides the broad policy guidelines on the
implementation, monitoring and evaluation the AHSA 2019 - 2035 and is
responsible for its broad design/ revision of framework and the Mid-Term plan
frameworks that follow. It facilitates resource mobilization from a continental
perspective, and also facilitates the integration of regional monitoring and
evaluation reports into a continental report. It coordinates the relationship/
cooperation and close collaboration with partners and oversee the execution
of continental programmes and projects.

4. Key Actors/Respective Responsibilities for an Effective

AHSA Monitoring and Evaluation System
A continental Animal Resources M&E Technical Working Group will be established
from representatives of the key actors involved in the implementation of the AHSA
at Continental, RECs and MSs Level. Supported by M&E focal points at RECs and
MSs Level, the continental M&E working group will develop an M&E Framework
for the Continental Strategy and support its roll out and implementation.
Essentially, RECs and MSs M&E teams will be expected to align their respective
M&E Frameworks to the continental framework.Table 1 shows the key actors and
their respective responsibilities in the AHSA M&E System.

26 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

Table 1: Key actors and their respective responsibilities in the AHSA M&E System.

Level Key Actors Responsibilities

Continental • AUC (AU-IBAR, AU- • Coordinate the design and
PANVAC, AU-PATTEC, DREA, overall management of the
SPPMERM, DTI, DSO, HRST, AU- M&E system
IAPSC); NPCA; Africa CDC • Collate, process data and
• Continental M&E Technical generate continental reports.
Working Group made up of focal • Implementation, monitoring
points from key actors and evaluation quality control
• Partners (Including OIE,
FAO,WHO, ILRI, PAFO etc)
• CAHP- Africa; Guiding Group
• Non-state actors (professional
bodies, youth and women
networks – AWAFA)
Regional • RECs; • Coordinate the design and
• Reginal Animal Networks overall management of the
• M&E Focal Points M&E system at regional level
• Partners • Provide capacity support for
quality data collection
• Collate, process data and
generate regional reports.
National • Government Ministries and • Coordinate the design and
Departments responsible for overall management of the
Animal Resources M&E system at national level
• M&E Focal Points • Provide capacity support for
• Partners participatory collection of
quality data.
• Collate, process data and
generate national reports.

5. Critical Success Factors

i. Stakeholder Ownership: Effective implementation of this Strategy hinges on
participation of all key stakeholders in its design, development, implementation
and monitoring, evaluation and reporting. At development stage of AHSA, key
stakeholders in the animal health sector at Continental, Regional, and National
levels participated, and it is expected that this stakeholder participation and
ownership will be sustained throughout strategy implementation, monitoring,
evaluation and reporting.
ii. Effective Political Leadership and Commitment: Effective political
leadership will be a critical factor that contributes towards macroeconomic
stability, building investor confidence and attracting foreign and local
investments during implementation of the strategy.

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 27

iii. Positioning AHSA to Pivot AH initiatives on the Continent: The AHSA is
geared towards delivering an innovative, harmonized and sustainable Animal
Health System for Africa. It should therefore be centrally situated to drive AH
initiatives at continental, regional and Member States levels.
iv. Existence of vibrant public and private sectors: It is expected that policy
development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation and reporting will
be coordinated by the public sector which will also provide a conductive
operating environment. The private sector is expected to play a key in the
actual implementation of AHSA. There is therefore need to enhance state
institutional and human capacities, as well as building a vibrant private sector
that will mobilize and apply resources for implementation of the strategy.
v. Establishing an effective institutional framework that links the
Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation and Reporting value chain
across the Continental, Regional and Member States levels: While
ultimate implementation of AHSA will take place at country level, coordination
of planning, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting at continental, regional
and country level is crucial for successful implementation of the Strategy.To
this end, Planning, M & E and Reporting cycles need to be synchronized; as
well, M & E frameworks with clear measurable targets put in place across the
levels.
vi. Livestock, human, wildlife and environment interaction: zoonotic
diseases are a big concern in delivery of animal health services. This is further
compounded by the negative effects of livestock, human and wildlife populations
on the environment. Therefore attention will be paid to the livestock, human,
wildlife and environment interaction during the implementation strategy.
vii. Gender Mainstreaming during implementation: Women are known to
play key roles as keepers, processors and marketers of animals and animal
products and suffer the adverse effects of animal diseases.Therefore successful
implementation of this strategy will depend on gender mainstreaming.

28 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

6. AHSA Results Measurement Framework
Results Chain Core Indicators Data Source Assumptions
Description Baseline Target
Impact: 1- Animal resource
Transformed production growth rate
animal health
service delivery 2- % change of livestock
systems production loss
contributing
3- % reduction in animal-
to sustainable
based products import
and inclusive
(volume)
socio- economic
growth and 4- Number of MS meeting
development Performance of Veterinary
Services (PVS) level 3 or
above
OUTCOMES
Outcome 1: 5- # of MS having
An enabling domesticated continental
environment for animal resource related
multisectoral strategies
coordination
strengthened 6- # of MS having functional
multisectoral animal
resource policy hubs
Outcome 2: 7- % change in the incidence
Disease risks of priority diseases (OIE
and impacts on list)
animals, humans
and environment 8- % change in losses*
reduced associated with animal
diseases

Outcome 3: 9- # of MS having national

Responses* to emergency management
current, emerging plans for major animal
and re-emerging diseases of public health
issues of public importance (AMR, etc…)
health concerns
of animal origin 10- % of the public satisfied
improved with the response provided
to the emergency of animal
origin

11- % disease emergency

responses having met the
requirements of national
joint-contingency plan

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 29

 Results Chain Core Indicators Data Source Assumptions
Description Baseline Target
Outcome 4: 12- % change in intra Africa
Access to quality animal resource-based trade
inputs, markets (disaggregated by value and
and trade in volume)
animal resources
improved 13- # of MSs having
functional mechanisms for
quality assurance for animal
resources inputs
Outcome 5: 14- Growth rate in the
Technology number of patents in
development animal technologies and
and use in animal innovations
resource value-
chain increased 15- Technology adoption
rate
Outcome 6: 16- Total volume of joint-
Coordination investment in animal health
and mutual sector (to be disaggregated
accountability by state and non-state
among actors)
animal health
stakeholders
enhanced
OUTCOMES
Output 1.1: Ca- 17- # of VEEs that integrate
pacity for animal policy planning (PICA*) in
health policy their curriculum
formulation and
implementation
at national and
regional levels
enhanced
Output 1.2: 18- # of MS that update
Review of animal animal health laws in line
health legal with international standards
frameworks
including
emerging animal
health issues
(laws, regulations,
procedures,
customs
and norms)
supported

30 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

Results Chain Core Indicators Data Source Assumptions
Description Baseline Target
Output 1.3: 19- # of MSs supported
Development in developing and
and strengthening of institutional
strengthening frameworks for animal
of institutional health
framework for
animal health
supported
Output 2.1: 20- # of people trained in
Capacity to day 1 competencies
manage animal
diseases 21- # VEEs with harmonized
enhanced curricula that include the
4 emerging issues (AMR,
Disaster management, One
Health and emerging and
re-emerging diseases)

22- # of MSs with functional

VSBs
Output 2.2: 23- # of MS with strategies
Initiatives for for the prevention and
the progressive control of priority diseases
control, implemented at continental,
eradication and regional and national levels
risk reduction of (disaggregated by new and
animal diseases existing)
developed and
implemented
Output 2.3: 24- # of MSs with animal
Initiatives that emergency disaster
mitigate human management plans (AEMDP)
drivers of
animal diseases 25- # of MSs applying
and impacts of relevant continental
environment and guidelines on sustainable
climate change ecosystem management
on animal health
26- # of MSs supported to
and welfare
implement the reviewed
developed and
AU-IBAR livestock climate
implemented
change adaptation and
mitigation strategy

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 31

 Results Chain Core Indicators Data Source Assumptions
Description Baseline Target
Output 3.1: The 27- # of MSs with One
One Health Health Policies (within
Approach existing policies and
promoted legislations, laws, regulations
or stand alone, strategies,
SOPs, guidelines)

28- # of MSs with

institutionalized functional
one health platforms
(disaggregated by new and
existing)
Output 3.2: 29- # of MSs that have
Initiatives domesticated global AMR/
to ensure AMU action plans and
appropriate strategies
antimicrobial
use (AMU)
and mitigate
the impact of
antimicrobial
resistance (AMR)
in line with global
frameworks
implemented
Output 3.3: 30- # of MSs and RECs
Capacities to with integrated surveillance
prevent, detect systems and functional
and control diagnostic laboratories for
zoonoses, priority zoonoses, emerging
emerging and and re-emerging diseases
re-emerging
diseases
enhanced
Output 3.4: Food 31- # of MSs complying
and feed safety with Codex Alimentarius
control systems standards on animal source
strengthened foods

32- # of MSs complying with

OIE standards on feeds
Output 3.5: 33-# of MSs with coherent
Enhancement of policies and regulations on
environmental environmental management
hygiene stan- in animal resources value
dards for animal chains
industry opera-
tions supported

32 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

Results Chain Core Indicators Data Source Assumptions
Description Baseline Target
Output 4.1: 34- # of MSs with quality
Establishment of assurance schemes for
quality assurance animal resource inputs and
schemes for services (disaggregated
specific inputs by country and type of
supported scheme)
Output 4.2: Trade 35- # MSs with functional
and marketing market information
of animals and platforms
animal products
supported 36- # of MSs that have
harmonized policies,
regulations and standards
for trade in animals and
animal products
Output 4.3: 37- # of functional
Linkages amongst multi stakeholder SPS
SPS authorities platforms involved in
and other standards setting processes
stakeholders and trade negotiation
strengthened (disaggregated by national,
regional, continental and
international levels)
Output 5.1: 38- # of MSs that developed
Appropriate information systems to
information support decision making
systems to
facilitate
knowledge
sharing and
evidence-based
decision making
developed
Output 5.2: 39- # of MS with functional
linkages between exchange networks for
research and end researchers and end-users
users enhanced
40- # of research studies
on animal health conducted
(disaggregated by source)
Output 5.3: 41- # of models developed
Models to attract for private sector
private sector investment in animal health
investments in research and innovation
animal health
research and
innovation
developed

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources 33

 Results Chain Core Indicators Data Source Assumptions
Description Baseline Target
Output 5.4: 42- # of awareness
Awareness, strategies and guidelines
advocacy and for animal health issues
communication developed and disseminated
along the animal
health value
chain improved
Output 5.5: 43- # of graduates in animal
Human resource health related fields
capacity
development 44- Ratio of animal health
and retention practitioners to total animal
in animal health population (disaggregated
sector promoted by MS and cadres)
Output 45- # of MSs with functional
6.1: Multi- multi-stakeholders and
stakeholders and multisectoral platforms
multisectoral
platforms
established/
strengthened
Output 6.2: 46- Volume of investment
Investment and in animal health sector
funding priorities (disaggregated by source)
in animal health
sector are
identified to
inform resource
mobilization
strategies

34 African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Strategic Objective 1: Strengthen animal health policy and institutional frameworks
4.1.1 Enhance the capacity for animal health policy formulation and implementation at national and regional levels
i.   Build Harminised AHSA 10%MS All RECs have 40%MS 50%MS Align AU-IBAR PANVAC,PATTEC,A-
capacity for the regional Launched and Align the animal health Align the the Natiotional CDC,RECS,FAO,OIE,WHO,
formulation and and national Desseminated National policies aligned Natiotional Action Plans to MS, NPCA, UNEP
implementation policy Action to AHSA Action AHSA
of standardized frameworks Plans to Plans to
and aligned AHSA AHSA
institutionalized to AHSA
continental Continental
frameworks Framework
to guide the Implementation AHSA First AHSA Second
harmonization of AHSA Five Year Five Year
of regional and First Five Year Implementation Implementation
national animal Implementation Plan Reviewed Plan Developed
health policies Plan commenced
including
monitoring and PICA rolled 20% of
evaluation out VEEs have
interegrated
the Policy
training in their
curriculum
ii.  Strengthen National 50% of 100% 100% of AU-IBAR RECs, Policy Hubs, FAO,
functional and regional Regional Regional National OIE, WHO,
inter-sectoral policy hubs Livestock Livestock Livestock Policy
and inclusive and sections Policy hubs Policy hubs hubs (NLPHs)
linkages for the responsible (RLPHs) (RLPHs) are functional

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

formulation and for policy are are
implementation strengthened functional functional
of animal health

35
policies among
member states
and RECs
36
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii. Promote Increased Evidence for Lobbying 10% of MS 50% of MS AUC, RECs, MSs, OIE, FAO, Non- State
evidence-based resources increased and have increased have increased Champion MS Actors
advocacy allocated for resource advocacy resource resource
and lobbying implementa- allocation campaigns allocation to allocation to
targeting tion of strate- to animal undertaken animal health animal health
the public, gies aligned health sector initiatives initiatives
decision makers to AHSA in generated and
and other MS and RECs disseminated
stakeholders
in the animal
resource sector
4.1.2 Support the review and strengthening of animal health legal frameworks including emerging animal health issues (laws, regulations, procedures,
customs and norms)

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

   i.   Align animal Updated All livestock Lobbying and 10% MSs 30% MSs MSs RECs, Policy Hubs, FAO,
health laws with Animal health Policy Hubs advocacy Updated Updated OIE, AU-IBAR, NSAs, PAP
national and laws aligned Strengthened campaigns Animal Animal health
regional policies to national to align the undertaken health laws laws aligned to
for ease of and regional existing, updated aligned to national and
implementation. laws and poli- or developed national regional laws
cies based on animal health and and policies
the Vet legis- laws with regional
lation review national policies laws and
recommenda- for ease of policies
tions implementation
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
ii. Improve MSs MSs attain at 10% MSs attain 20% MSs attain MSs RECs,OIE,AU-IBAR, FAO,
veterinary comply to least level 3 at least level at least level NSAs.
legislation international on OIE-PVS 3 on OIE-PVS 3 on OIE-PVS
based on OIE standards and Competencies Competencies Competencies
standards obligations Tool Tool Tool
and guided on veterinary
by the OIE- legislation
Performance
of Veterinary
Services (PVS)
evaluation and
Veterinary
Legislation
Support
Programme
(VLSP)
4.1.3 Support the development and strengthening of institutional structures for animal health.
i.   Development Clear All MS sensitized Animal 30% MS 100% MS MSs FAO, RECs, NSAs, AU-IBAR,
of frameworks mandates on the need health Develop Develop OIE
to for the and working for collective networks National National
streamlining relationships action among established Animal Health Animal Health
of mandates among animal animal health and opera- Strategies Strategies
and functional health players stakeholders tionalised and action and action
relationships in all MS plans clarifying plans clarifying
between the relationship relationship
animal health among key among key
and related players players
institutions

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

37
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Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Strategic Objective 2: Reduce disease risks and impacts on animals
4.2.1   Enhance capacity to manage animal diseases
i.   Improve Best practices Regional National Harmonized MSs RECs. AU-IBAR, FAO, OIE,
biosecurity and for animal biosecurity plans biosecurity best pactices
adoption of best resource and manuals plans and and regulations
practices for management, produced/ manuals for for animal
animal resource utilization and adopted produced/ resource
management, and welfare based on value and adopted management,
utilization documented, chainsfor based on value utilization and
and welfare desseminated dissemination chains for welfare at
under different and dissemination national and
production implemented regional level
systems implemented

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

ii.   Improve Animal Manuals and Requisite Functional MSs RECs. AU-IBAR, FAO, OIE,
capacity and desease contingency capacities for disease risk
systems for risk analysis plans reviewed risk analysis analysis system
animal disease manuals/ and adopted/ (trained in all MSs and
risk analysis guidelines, adapted at all personnel and RECs
trained levels infrustuctures)
human improved all
resources levels
and improved
risk analysis
infrastructure
and
equipment
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii.   Improve Country Country National Improved MSs RECs. AU-IBAR, FAO, OIE,
disease evaluations, surveillance surveillance surveillance and
surveillance and risk based systems, strategies and LITs systems
early detection, surveillance Livestock LITS developed and capacities
animal system, Identification / updated, in place in all
identification real time and Traceability validated and MSs
and traceability web based Systems (LITS), disseminated
systems reporting evalaution
systems undertaken
in place/
improved
iv. Improve Appropriate Guidelines and Best practices Capacities of MSs RECs. AU-IBAR, FAO, OIE,
capacity of Awareness appropriate documented all relevant
all relevant materials, Awareness/ and training stakeholders
stakeholders basic are developed, modules and to respond to
to respond to training and validated and materials primary animal
primary animal community desseminated developed, health care
health care level available validated and challenges at
challenges at for improved disseminated community
community level capacity of level improved
relevant
stakehoders
to respond
to primary
animal
health care
challenges at
community
level

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

39
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Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
v.          Emergency Emergency Training Regional Disaster fund FAO AU-IBAR, RECs, MS, NSAs,
Promote the preparedness preparednes and response established at PARTNERS,
establishment of and response and response simulation teams and continental
early warning, plans for ani- framework exercises mechanisms level
emergency mal diseases guidelines at regional established
response developed adapted and
mechanisms and opera- national
and disaster tionalised at levels
fund for animal all levels and
resources at the emer-
national, regional gency fund
and continental established at
levels continental
level

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

vi.  Support the Harmonised Establishment Frame- 25% Veterinary MSs AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
adoption of the veterinary and opera- work for Education
OIE recom- education tionalisation of veterinary Establishments
mendations for curricula associations of education adapt the
education of by VEEs VEEs and VSBs curriculum harmonised
veterinarians and day 1 ham- curriculum
and veterinary competences onisation
paraprofession- by VSBs for developed,
als to achieve vetenarians validated
a standardized and para and dis-
minimum level vetinery seminated.
of competence professionals
for animal health
service delivery
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Framework
for quality
assurance
for VEEs
developed,
validated
and dis-
seminated
vii.   Promote AfCFTA VSBs sensitised Draft AfCFTA AU-IBAR MSs, RECs,VSBs, FAO, OIE,
the aligned mu- on the need for AfCFTA aligned mutual DTI, DPA
establishment tual recogni- developing a aligned recognition
and tion agree- AfCFTA aligned mutual agreement for
implementation ment for free continental recognition free movement
of mutual movement of Mutual agreement of animal health
recognition animal health Recognition for free professionals
agreements for professionals Agreement movement adopted for
animal health developed (MRA), to of animal implementation
professionals and adopted support health pro-
for imple- animal health fessionals
mentation professional developed
movement and dis-
across the seminated
continent

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

41
42
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
viii.     Improved Assesment Framework 25% of MS AU-IBAR OIE, FAO, RECs, MSs, NSAs
Strengthen animal health of the state and action implementing
national and infrastructure of human plan for the action plan
regional and human resource and building ca- for intergrating
animal health resource infrastructure pacity and aquatic animals,
infrastructure capacity capacities for integrating bees, wildlife
and human for aquatic aquatic animals, aquatic ani- and emerging
resource animals, bees, bees, wildlife mals, bees, production
capacities with wildlife and and emerging wildlife and systems;
particular emerging production emerging
attention to production systems; production
aquatic animals, systems systems
bees, wildlife into the
and emerging mainstream

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

production animal
systems; health ser-
vice deliv-
ery system
developed
and diss-
seminated
ix.    Strengthen Create a Document and Institution- Framework and AU-IBAR OIE, FAO, RECs, MSs, NSAs
and support conducive desseminate al, techni- guidelines for
private sector environment best practices cal and private sector
participation that fosters on public economic participation
and investment fair play for private sector analysis and investment
in animal health private sector partnerships in of animal in animal health
service delivery. participation animal health health value service delivery
and service deilvery chains, and developed and
investment best pac- disseminated
in the animal tices docu-
health sector mented
in MSs
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.2.2 Develop and implement initiatives for risk reduction, progressive control, and eradication of animal diseases
i.   Map and Continental Indentify Compile Compendium
prioritize animal priority and share and update of TADs and
diseases across disease risk appropriate existing Zoonoses
the continent maps disease priority updated
priritization disease risk
tools maps using
common
tools
across MSs
ii.   Support the Strategies and Inventory Existing At least 2 new AU-IBAR/ RECs MSs, FAO, OIE, NSAs
development/ programmes of existing strategies, continental/
implementation for the strategies, interventions regional
of programmes control and interventions and strategies for
and strategies eradication and programmes programmes 2 diseases
for the of animal for the for the developed and
prevention, priority prevention, prevention, adopted by MSs
control and diseases control and control and
eradication of developed eradication eradication of
priority animal and adopted of priority priority animal
diseases animal diseases diseases across
undertaken MSs compiled
and updated
PPR Strategy All MS 25% of MSs 50% of MSs AU-IBAR/ RECs MSs, FAO, OIE, NSAs
implemented have a PPR implementing implementing
by African MS Stategy PPR strategy the PPR
Strategy

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

43
44
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii.   Promote A Framework Stock A continen- 50% RECs AU-IBAR/ RECs MSs, FAO, OIE, NSAs
smart and guidelines tacking and tal frame- adopt smart
partnerships for smart documentation work and parnership
in disease partnerships of smart guidelines framework and
management and partnerships in for smart guidelines
including stakeholder animal health partner-
community collaboration undertaken ships in ani-
engagement mal health
developed,
validated
and dis-
seminated
20% MSs
adopt smart

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

parnership
framework and
guidelines
iv.   Promote SOPs and Existing MOUs Regional Regional Regional RECs AU-IBAR, MSs, FAO, OIE,
cross border MoUs at reviewed, networks standard centres of NSAs
and regional regional level gaps and best and animal methods ad excellence for
cooperation and , regional practices health procedures and TADs establised
collaboration for networks for TADs centres for disease control in all five
Transboundary , regional documented all animals strategies regions
Animal Disease animal health (terrestiral, developed/
(TADs) centres acquatic reviewed and
management and bees) disseminated
strenght-
ened in all
five regions
of Africa
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
v.   Support Post Post rinderpest Awareness AU-IBAR OIE, FAO, RECs MSs
coordination rinderpest eradication and advo-
and erradication strategy cacy for
implementation action plan revised and a implemen-
of the post for Africa contingency tation of
rinderpest aligned to plan for Africa the action
eradication the Global aligned to the plan carried
action plan Rinderpest global rinderpest out
Action Plan action plan
(GRAP) (GRAP) finalised
Template All MS revise Simulation of
for revision contingency the contingency
of national plans based on plans at national
rinderpest the continental regional and
contingency template continental
planss to align level
with GRAP
developed and
disseminated

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

45
46
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.2.3 Develop and implement initiatives that mitigate human drivers of animal diseases and the impact of environmental and climate changes on animal
health and welfare
   i. Improve Animal Multistake- A continental 25% of MS have AUC/ AU-IBAR MSs, NSAs, WAP, FAO,
capacity for disaster holder framework and developed/ Africa- CDC, RECs,
prevention and management coodination guidelines for reviewed the Academia, PERIPERI, DIRAJ
disaster risk plans mecha- animal disaster animal disaster
management nisms/ management management
at the human- committees developed plans
animal- formed
environment at various
interface in levels
line with rural
development

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

and biodiversity
conservation
objectives
ii Build capacity Framework Key stakeholders Experienc- A continental 25% MSs AUC/ AU-IBAR MSs, NSAs, UNEP, IUCN,
for effective and guidelines involved in es and best framework implementing AWF, WCS, FAO, AHEAD,
contribution for the management of practices and guidelines the continental RECs, GPSG
to initiatives Management animal health, on manage- on sustainable framework
on sustainable of animal welfare and ment of environment and guidelines
environmental health and conservation in animal management on sustainable
management welfare in protected areas, health, and integrity environment
and the integrity protected identified welfare and of protected management
of protected areas and conserva- and associated and integrity
areas in as far associated tion in ecosystems of protected
as animal health environments protected developed, and associated
and welfare are developed areas docu- validated and ecosystems
concerned and mented disseminated
impemented
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii. Support Framework Key stake- Experiences A continental FAO AU-IBAR, RECs, MSs
measures to and guidelines holders, and best framework
reduce the for the interfaces practices on and guidelines
spread of Management and drivers disease along animal health
disease along of animal of disease the human- and welfare
the human- health, along the livestock- at the human-
livestock-wildlife welfare and human- wildlife livestock-
interface ecosystem at livestock- interface wildlife
the human- wildlife documented interface
livestock- interface developed,
wildlife identified validated and
interface and charac- disseminated
developed terised
and
disseminated
iv.    Promote AU-IBAR Existing 30% MSs AUC/ AU-IBAR MSs, NSAs, WAP, FAO,
development Livestock livestock supported to Africa- CDC, RECs,
and climate climate domesticate Academia, PERIPERI, DIRAJ,
implementation change change and and implement UNEP, USAID
of climate adaptation adaptation climate smart
change and mitigation strategy re- animal resource
mitigation and strategy viewed and management
adaptation reviewed and updated
measures adapted to include
that enhance all animals
animal health in and other
collaboration emerging
with relevant issues and
existing national, disseminat-

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

regional, ed for MSs
continental and adoption

47
international
initiatives
48
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
v.   Promote Indigenous Indigenous Lobbying 20% MSs adopt AUC/ AU-IBAR MSs, AU-IBAR, ILRI,
the use of knowledge knowledge and indigenous FAO, Academia , NSAs,
indigenous intergrated assets and advocacy knowledge best Communities
knowledge to into animal best practices campaigns practices in
enhance animal health and mapped, valued undertaken animal health
health and welfare and and documented and welfare and
welfare and ecosystem ecosystems
ecosystems mamagement management
management
vi.   Support Negative Mapping Agree- Pilot initiatives Conflict MS and AUC/ AU-IBAR MSs, AU-IBAR, UNDP,
and promote impacts of of drivers ments/ pro- around conflict sensitive RECs have AUC, Donors, ILRI,
initiatives that conflicts on and conflict tocols and mitigation strategies initiatives and FAO, Academia , NSAs,
address animal animal health hotspots and guidelines supported incuded agreements/ Communities

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

health issues and welfare transhumance to mitigate in Animal protocols
in situations of reduced movements animal Disaster to reduce
conflicts driven health Plans conflicts and
by resource impacts facilitate cross
competition, driven by border human
migration, cross conflicts migration
border and and tran-
transhumance shumance
movements developed
and civil unrest
that impact the
animal resource
sector.
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Strategic Objective 3: Strengthen animal health interventions to address current, emerging and re-emerging issues of public health concern
4.3.1   Promote the One-Health Approach
i. Support Favourable The state of "One All MSs buy Africa-CDC AU-IBAR, AUC, RECs. MSs
advocacy and public and play and best health in and are
awareness political sup- practices on advocacy, supportive of
creation among port main- One Health on awareness the one health
stakeholders streaming of the continent and com- approach
and policy one health published and munication
makers and the approach desseminated plan in
general public place
on the One-
Health approach "
in order to
promote risk
management
actions
ii. Promote the Functional Guidelines One health Africa-CDC AU-IBAR, NSAs, MSs, RECs,
establishment, one health for main- platforms Partners
strengthening mechanisms streaming established
and institution- institution- One Health / strength-
alisation of the alised or approach ened and
One Health Ap- strengthened in relevant operation-
proach to foster sectoral alised
sustainable col- policies and
laboration and action plans
coordination at
all levels

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49
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Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii. Promote Collaborative "Multisectoral Priority One health Africa-CDC/ NSAs, MSs, RECs, Partners,
joint research One Health One health One health reseach AU-IBAR AFENET, ILRI, US-CDC,
initiatives research research research grant Academia and research
on disease initiatives networks areas mechanism institutions, OHCEA, FARA
dynamics at the and grants established/ and identified in place
animal-human- established strengthened and
environment " supported
interface
iv. Promote One health Existing Existing Africa-CDC/ Africa-CDC, AU-IBAR,
the integration, training initiatives on One Health AU-IBAR NSAs, MSs, RECs, Partners,
periodic modules One Health curriculum AFENET, ILRI, US-CDC,
review and intergrated curriculum development Academia and research
strengthening in the development initiatives institutions, OHCEA, FARA

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

of One-Health veterinery mapped and harmonised and
modules into education engaged upscaled
the curriculum curricular
of Veterinary of VEEs
Education and CPD
Establishments programmes
and continuous
professional
development
programmes
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.3.2 Support the development, domestication and implementation of continental, regional and national initiatives on antimicrobial use (AMU) and
antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in line with global frameworks
i.  Strengthen Continental Continental AMR AMR activities Africa-CDC AU-IBAR, FAO, OIE, WHO,
human and AMR AMR situation knowledge implemented UN and Ios, Academia, Non
institutional Framework analysis carried manage- with State Actors
capacities for developed out ment and participation of
preventing, and commu- all stakeholders
managing and implemented nication
mitigating the strategy
occurrence, developed
effects and and imple-
impacts of AMR mented
AMR Institu- All MSs develop Africa-CDC & AU-IBAR, FAO, OIE, WHO,
Framework and tional and and implement AU-IBAR OIE, Academia, UN and Ios,
Action plans technical national AMR Non State Actors
developed and capacities action plans
implemented at for effective
all levels manage-
ment of
AMR/AMU
strength-
ened

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51
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Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.3.3   Enhance capacities and initiatives to prevent, detect and control zoonoses, emerging and re-emerging diseases
i. Support Priority Multisectoral Issues and Training Priority Africa-CDC & MSs, RECs, FAO, OIE, WHO,
capacity zoonoses team of experts inteven- moduels and zoonoses AU-IBAR OIE, Academia, UN and Ios,
development and NTDs established/ tions for other relevant and NTDs Non State Actors
for mapping, identified at strengthened mapping, capacity identified and
identification all levels within the identifica- building tools prioritized at all
and context of tion and for mapping, levels
prioritization existing OH prioritiza- identification
of zoonoses platforms tion of and
including zoonoses prioritization
neglected including of zoonoses
tropical diseases neglected including
(NTDs), tropical neglected
emerging and diseases tropical

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

, re-emerging (NTDs), diseases
epidemic disease emerging (NTDs),
threats and, re- emerging and,
emerging re-emerging
epidemic epidemic
disease disease threats
threats are are available
identified
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
ii. Support the Strategies Inventroy Existing At least 2 new AU-IBAR/ RECs MSs, RECs, FAO, OIE, WHO,
development and programs of existing strategies, continental/ Africa-CDC, NSAs, UN
and for the strategies, interventions regional and Ios
implementation control and interventions and strategies
of programs and eradication and programmes programmes for zoonotic,
strategies for of zoonotic, for the for the emerging and
the progressive emerging and prevention, prevention, re-emerging
control and re-emerging control and control and epidemic
eradication epidemic eradication eradication diseases;
of zoonotic diseases of zoonotic, of zoonotic, developed and
diseases in line developed emerging and emerging and adopted by
with global, and re-emerging re-emerging MSs;
continental, implemented epidemic epidemic
regional and diseases diseases across
local priorities undertaken MSs compiled
and updated
Rabies Status of Capacities All MS have a AU-IBAR/ RECs MSs, FAO, OIE, NSAs,
Strategy implementation to support Rabies Strategy RIWA, PARACON, GARC,
implemented of the global to enhance NRM Research Institutes
by African MS rabies the
eleimination implemen-
strategy tation of
established the rabies
elimination
strategy in
place

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

53
54
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii. Support Training pro- Situation analysis Programs Technical and Africa CDC & MSs, RECs, FAO, OIE,
and strengthen grams, SOPs, of exisiting and action institutional AU-IBAR WHO, UN and Ios, NSAs,
technical guidelines, capacities and plans to ad- capacities for Academia, private sector
capacities and multi-sectoral systems for dress gaps prevention, players (medical suppliers,
institutional platforms on the integrated in the man- control and manufactures etc)
structures zoonoses, management agement of treatment
for diagnoses, emerging and of zoonoses, zoonoses, of priority
surveillance, remerging emerging and emerging zoonoses,
prevention, diseases de- re-emerging and re- emerging and
control and veloped and diseases in emergind re-emerging
treatment operational- line with the diseases diseases
of zoonoses, ized OH approach, developed strengthened
emerging and conducted and imple-
re-emerging mented

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

diseases
Specific Situation analysis Programs
integrated of exisiting and action
surveillance surveillance plans to
systems and and laboratory address
diagnoistic capacities for gaps in
laboratories zoonoses, surveillance
for priority emerging and and diag-
zoonoses, re-emerging noses of
emerging and diseases zoonoses,
re-emerging conducted emerging
disease and re-
established emergind
and diseases
operational developed
at different and imple-
levels mented
(referrals,
service,
national)
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.3.4 Strengthen safety control systems for animal feeds and foods of animal origin
i.     Support the Implemen- Situational Action 40% of MS AU-IBAR AU institutions, RECs, MSs,
establishment/ tation and analysis of the plan for have improved OIE, WHO, FAO, UN and
strengthening compliance animal the addressing mechanisms International Organizations,
and streamlining with animal safety in animal identified to support NGOs, NSA, private sector
of governance feed and feeds and foods gaps and complience actors
structures and food safety value chains sharing with the Codex
capacities on standards benchmarked to of best Alimentarius
food safety Global, Regional practices and OIE
issues and National developed standards on
standards and des- animal feeds
seminated and food.
ii.  Support the Effective Situation analysis Food and Peer learning Capacity 10% MSs FAO AU institutions, RECs, MSs,
strengthening enforcement and action feed safety mechanisms building of show positive OIE, WHO, FAO, UN and
of capacities of of food and planning on control developed/op- food and progress among International Organizations,
food control feed safety food and feed perfor- erationalized/ feed safety competent NGOs, NSA, private sector
agencies for standards at safety control mance strengthened enforce- authorities in actors
improved national and enforcement monitor- for competent ment per- food/feed safety
enforcement regional levels capacities ing and authorities sonnel on enforcement
at national and evaluation risk-based for Animal
regional levels framework inspections Source Foods
developed

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

55
56
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii.    Support Increased Situation Capacity Food safety Increased FAO AU institutions, RECs,
capacity building compliance analysis, and building and manage- industry MSs, OIE, WHO, UN and
of animal by Animal action planning sensitiza- ment compliance International Organizations,
resource value Resources on capacities tion of systems with food and NGOs, NSA, private sector
chain actors to industry improvement of industry implement- feed safety actors, CAC
implement food actors with food and feed players on ed across standards/Good
and feed safety food and value chain (VC) feed and the animal Agric practices
standards feed safety actors food safety resources etc
standards standards valaue
and pro- chains
cesses
vi.   Support Behaviour Knowledge Advocacy Knowledge of AU-IBAR AU institutions, RECs,
advocacy, change and Attitude and and com- policy makers, MSs, OIE, WHO, UN and

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

awareness participation Practice survey, munication parliamentar- International Organizations,
creation, of on issues around materials ians and other NGOs, NSA, private sector
information stakeholders food and feed on food stakeholders actors
sharing and in food/ safety and feed improved on
networking on feed safety safety their respective
food and feed standards developed roles on food
safety issues and dis- and feed safety
seminated
to stake-
holders
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.3.5 Support enhancement and enforcement of environmental hygiene standards for animal industry operations
i.   Promote the Coherent Policy situation Best prac- 20% MSs have AU-IBAR & MSs RECs, AUC institutions,
participatory policies and analysis for tices docu- developed/ FAO, OIE, WHO, UN and
development regulatory environmnetal mented strengthened Ios, NSAs, etc
and/or frameworks management in and policy coherent
strengthening for envi- animal resource guidelines policies and
of policies, legal ronmental value chains developed best practices
and regulatory management conducted
frameworks in animal re-
for effective sources value
environmental chains
management in
animal resource
value chains
ii.   Promote Best practices Situation analysis Guidelines Guidelines and AU-IBAR & MSs RECs, AUC institutions,
adoption of and guidelines of the waste for the best practices FAO, OIE, WHO, UN and
guidelines for available management design, available Ios, NSAs, etc
the design, systems for manage-
management animal resource ment and
and operations infastructure operations
of animal of environ-
resource mentally
production, friendly
marketing, animal
processing and resource
transportation facilities
infrastructure devel-
and equipment oped and

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

to manage adopted
the release of
waste into the

57
environment
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Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iii.   Promote Best practices Situation analysis Pilot ini- Pilot AU-IBAR & MSs RECs, AUC institutions,
initiatives for the in environmn- of the waste tiatives for initiatives for FAO, OIE, WHO, UN and
environmentally etal manage- management envirnmen- environmental Ios, NSAs, etc
friendly ment of ani- systems for tal mange- management
treatment and mal resource animal resource ment ap- reviewed and
utilization of wastes infastructure plying best evaluated
animal wastes; documented practices
and scaled up supported
iv. Support Stakeholder KAP survey Advocacy Improved water, MSs respective AU institutions, FAO, WHO,
awareness involvement towards waste campaign sannitation departments OIE, UNICEF, UN and Ios,
creation, enhanced and management in and action hygiene
advocacy and public hygiene animal resource plan for awareness
stakeholder awareness based industries behaviour and behaviour

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

engagement and behaviour change change
for proper change developed
environmental and imple-
management mented
at all levels of
animal value
chains
Strategic Objective 4: Improve access to inputs, markets and trade in animal resources
4.4.1   Improve access to quality inputs and services along the value chains
i. Support Strong quality Quality control Continental Human and MSs Relevant line ministries,
establishment/ control systems/ Framework/ insitutional RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE,
strengthening systems/ schemes in Guidelines for capacities for FAO, NSAs, Africa-CDC,
of quality scheme for animal health quality control quality control PANVAC, PATTEC,
assurance animal health inputs and and assurance and assurance
schemes inputs and services audited schemes enhanced at
for specific services developed and national level .
products disseminated
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
ii.    Develop, Harmonized Situational Continental Regional National MSs Relevant line ministries,
harmonize and guidelines analysis of framework/ frame- capacities RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE,
strengthen and regula- regulations and guidelines to works/ enhanced to FAO, NSAs, Africa-CDC,
regulations for tions for guidelines and support MSs guidelines implement PANVAC, PATTEC,
manufacturing, manufactur- implementation developed and to support Guidelines and
marketing ing, marketing capacities disseminated MSs to regulations for
authorization, authorisation, related to review and manufacturing,
utilistion and utilisation manufacturing, align their marketing
disposal of and disposal marketing regulations authorisation,
veterinary drugs, of drugs, authorisation, developed utilisation
equipment, vaccines and utilisation and and dis- and disposal
biological animal genet- disposal of drugs, seminated of drugs,
products ic resources vaccines and vaccines and
(including animal genetic animal genetic
vaccines) and resources resources
animal genetic
resources
iii.   Support Harmonized Situational Continental Regional National MSs Relevant line ministries,
harmonization guidelines, analysis of framework/ framework/ capacities RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
and strengthen standards regulations, guidelines guidelines strengthened NSAs, Africa-CDC,
animal feed, feed and regula- standards and developed and developed to implement
additives and tions for guidelines and disseminated and dis- guidelines,
feed ingredient manufactur- implementation to support seminated standards and
regulations and ing, marketing capacities MSs review to support regulations for
standards authorisation, related to and align their MSs review manufacturing,
utilisation and manufacturing, regulations and and align marketing
disposal of marketing standards their regu- authorisation,
animal feed, authorisation, lations and utilisation and
feed additives utilisation and standards disposal of

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

and feed disposal of animal feed,
ingredients animal feed, feed feed additives

59
additives and and feed
feed ingredients ingredients
60
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
MSs
review/
update
regulations
in line with
regional,
continental
and inter-
national
standards
iv.    Promote Regulatory Situational Framework veterinery MSs Relevant line ministries,
involvement mechanisms/ analysis of the and guidelines professionals RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE,
of veterinary authorities regulatory for the adequately FAO, NSAs, Africa-CDC,

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

professionals in that ensures mechanisms/ involvement represented in PANVAC, PATTEC,
the regulation adequate Authorities of veterinery the regulatory
of veterinary involvement professionals mechnisms /
medicines, of veterinary in regulatory Authorities in
equipment, professionals mechanisms/ the regulation
vaccines and authorities of veterinary
biological developed and medicines,
products disseminated equipment,
vaccines and
biological
products.
MSs review
regulatory
mechanisms
/ authorities
in line with
frameworks /
best practices
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
v.    Strengthen Capacity Capacities along Develop and strengthened MSs Relevant line ministries,
the capacity to produce the vaccine implement capacity for RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE,
of vaccine and store production and investment increased and FAO, NSAs, Africa-CDC,
producers and adequate distribution plans for quality vaccine PANVAC, PATTEC,
vaccine Banks quantity value chain improving production,
and quality mapped the capacities distribution,
vaccines. of vaccine storage and
producers and delivery
distributors
4.4.2    Improve trade and marketing of animals and animal products
i.   Promote Animal Situational Action plan to Export MSs Relevant line ministries,
domestication health and analysis on the address the and import RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
and implementa- food safety implementation gaps identified legislation / NSAs, Africa-CDC,
tation of animal programmes capacities and developed and policies at
health and food implemented compliance with disseminated national and
safety standards in line with animal health regional level
at the na- international, and food safety harmonised
tional level and regional standards
harmonization and national
of export and standards
import policies/
legislation at the
regional level

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61
62
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
ii.   Enhance Adequate Situation analysis Technical MSs Relevant line ministries,
human and trained of national and operational RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
infrastructural workforce regional value guidelines and NSAs, Africa-CDC,
capacities along and chains to identify best practices
animal resource infrastructure gaps and best for production,
value chains in place for practices processing,
to improve improved marketing
the safety and food safety and handling
quality of animal and quality facilities for
commodities of animal all animal
commodities value chains
developed and
desseminated

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

"iii.   Support Trust built Situational Guidelines and MSs Relevant line ministries,
commodity- for enhanced anaysis to action plan to RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
based trade commodity- determine address the NSAs, Africa-CDC,
through relevant based trade bariers, gaps gaps identified
stakeholder for animal and perceptions developed and
engagement resources that impede disseminated
and capacity commodity
building and based trade
establishment
of institutional
mechanisms for
its facilitation
"
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iv. Improve and/ Market Situational Framework and Better access MSs Relevant line ministries,
or establish information analysis of guidelines and and improved RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
animal resources platforms animal resources best practices quality of NSAs, PANVAC, PATTEC
marketing establised / marketing establish animal market
information/ strengthened information resources information in
Intelligence systems and marketing 30% MSs
systems identification of information/
for market best practices Intelligence
accessibility, systems
stock availability developed and
and price implemented
sharing
purposes
4.4.3 Improve harmonization and linkages amongst Sanitary and Phytosanitary Sanitary (SPS) authorities and other stakeholders
i.      Improve Adequate Assesment of regional National multi- Effective and MSs Relevant line ministries,
the quality contribution the composition and con- stakeholder functional RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
of multi- and and structure tinental SPS SPS platforms NSAs, PANVAC, PATTEC,
stakeholder participation of national SPS platfoms committees at national, ARSO
participation in of subject committees strength- reinforced with regional and
standard setting matter ened for the necessary continental
processes specialists improved expertise and level
and trade in standard engagement supported ;
negotiations setting of stake-
at national, processes at holders
regional, national level and MSs in
continental and standard
international setting
levels processes

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

and trade
negotia-
tions

63
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Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
ii.     Strengthen MSs establish/ situation analysis Continen- MSs 10% of Ms MSs Relevant line ministries,
and harmonize strengthen on status of tal and develop/ implement the RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,
animal and systems for animal and regional update guidelines NSAs, PANVAC, PATTEC,
animal products effective animal products guidelines / adopt ARSO
inspectorate enforcement inspectorate developed guidelines
services, of movement services, /updated
movement controls and movement and dis-
controls, LITS controls, seminated
identification identification
and traceability and traceability
systems systems
iii.   Support for- SPS SOPs and situation analysis SOPs 30% of member MSs Relevant line Ministries,
mation and op- manuals on on status SPs developed and states have RECs, AU-IBAR, OIE, FAO,

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

erationalization peer review implementation adopted and private sector NSAs, PANVAC, PATTEC,
of self-regulation forums by value chain diseminated to institutions
platforms for across animal actors stakeholders implementing
SPS compliance resources across the SOPs
value chains value chains
Strategic Objective 5: Strengthen Science, Innovation, Research and Knowledge Management
4.5.1    Develop appropriate information systems to facilitate knowledge sharing and evidence- based decision making
i.   Strengthen Functional Stocktaking Develop Infrastruc- Complete AU-IBAR MSs, RECs, OIE, FAO, AU-
capacity for information of the status, action plan tural and rollout of the PANVAC, AU-PATTEC, ILRI
data collection, system at all identify the and guide- human action plans by and others
collation, levels and gaps and share lines for capacity MSs
analysis, units best practices, compre- develop-
interpretation, situational hensive ani- ment
communication analysis mal health
and information
dissemination to sytems
guide decision
making
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Evidence 50% MSs use MSs MSs, AU-IBAR, RECs, OIE,
based informatin FAO, AU-PANVAC, AU-
decision system to PATTEC, ILRI, Agro based
making support industries and producers
decision making and others
ii.   Promote Pool of An easly Mechanism Programs Multisectoral, MSs, AU-IBAR Universities, RECS, ILRI,
the recruitment, relevant accessible for continious and interdeciplinary FAO, OIE,
training and trained African update and projects pool of experts
deployment personel and database communication for capacity in place
of relevant contractual of existing of the database building in
personnel in recruitment experts inplace relevant
areas where mechanism developed skills
the sector has developed updated
skill deficits e.g. and deployed and gaps
biostatistician, identified
epidemiologists,
bioinformatics,
data analyst,
economists
iii.   Develop Functional Documentation Develop A platform Mechanism for AU-IBAR, ILRI, MSs, FAO, OIE, FARA,
inclusive animal research of thematic guidelines for for establlishing Research CIRAD, IFRI, ReSAKKs,Agro
health research network research collaborative indeginous research institutions based industries and
mechanisms, at all levels initiatives research and knowledge community (NRIs), AU- producers
linkages and developed at all levels share best established/ of practice/ PANVAC
knowledge for improved including globally, practices developed experts in place
sharing synergy and actors, and
platforms and knowledge collaborations
networks transfer

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

including twining
programmes

65
66
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
iv. Promote Technolgy Stocktaking Develop/ Adoption rate AU-IBAR,MSs RECs, NRI, Universities, IFRI,
technology uptake along and analysis strengthen and of identified CIRAD, ReSAKKs, FAO,
uptake along priority of existing operationalize technology OIE, Farmers Associations,
value chains animal health technologies advocacy and along priority Agro based industries and
for enhanced value chains along animal mechanisms value chains producers
competitiveness. enhanced health value for accessing
chains and and adopting/
sharing of best adapting of
practices technology
4.5.2    Improve capacities and the linkages between research and end users
i.   Strengthen Effective Situational Mecha- Mechanism for Effective animal NREI, MSs,AU-IBAR, RECs, OIE,
national animal national analysis and nisms and/ operationalizing health research FAO, AU-PANVAC, AU-
research animal health sharing of best or guide- guidelines for outputs and PATTEC, ILRI and Agro

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

systems along research practices lines and strengthening adoption/ based industries, producers
the research- systems practices national animal adapted by end and markets
extension contributing for effective health research users
continuum to knowledge reasearch systems
sharing along extension developed and
research system operationalized
extension developed
continuum and dis-
seminated
ii. Support the Demand stocktaking An all inclu- Platform/hub NREI, MSs,AU-IBAR, RECs, OIE,
development driven of all existing sive animal for animal FAO, AU-PANVAC, AU-
of a mechanism research animal research helath health research PATTEC, ILRI, Africa CDC
for prioritizing outputs platforms/hubs platform operationalized and Agro based industries,
research to establish a established producers and markets
interventions gaps and best and best
to increase practices practices
responsiveness shared,
to local needs guidelines
and promote developed
a home driven and dis-
research agenda. seminated
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.5.3 Develop models to attract private sector investments in animal health research and innovation
i.   Promote Collaborative Stocktaking Establishing Number of NRI, MSs,AU-IBAR, RECs, OIE,
mechanisms initiatives and of players a system of market driven FAO, AU-PANVAC, AU-
for joint mechanisms and issues mechanism of research PATTEC, ILRI, and others
identification for demand in the engagement initiatives
of research driven sectors to filter out enhanced
priorities with research producers a research
private sectors initiatives of issues that will
and other established technology enterest the
animal health in animal users
actors for health and
implementing users of
market-oriented technology
research in animal
that attract health
private sector sector
(including small
and medium
scale private
sector actors)
investment
ii.   Promote Intellectual Create Legal and Mechanism Integrate IP MSs (legal AU-IBAR, RECs, OIE, FAO,
and/or enhance property awareness regulatory for enforcing rights issues authorities) AU-PANVAC, AU-PATTEC,
intellectual rights among animal review to intellectual on profesional ILRI, Universities, private
property rights protected health networks, ensure property rights development sectors, indegenious
for research researchers compliance; and patents, programmes networks and others
outcomes and users on link with and teaching
and patenting IP rights and international programmes

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

of products patenting jurisprudence
including
those from

67
indegineous
knowledges
68
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.5.4 Improve awareness, advocacy and communication along the animal health value chain
i.    Create Players along Platforms Implementation Communication MSs AU-IBAR, RECs, NRI,OIE,
mechanisms for animal health for improved mechanisms protocols FAO, AU-PANVAC, AU-
communication value chain communication for sustainable and tools PATTEC, ILRI, Universities
reach to include are aware of between communication, for effective and private sectors
the general technology research advocacy, partnerships in
public in order development and relevant information animal health
to build support initiatives and stakeholders exchange and interventions
and promote adopt/adapt established knowledge developed.
behavior change appropriate management
technologies on animal
and health among
innovations. MSs, regional

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

and other key
stakeholders
identified and
dessimentated
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.5.5 Promote human resource development and sustainability in animal health, science and research
i.   Identify Adequate Career Initiatives Justification Industry- Centers of Training "MSs, NREI, AU-IBAR, RECs,
and promote mass of prospects survey to attract best practices driven excellence institutions at OIE, FAO, AU-PANVAC,
mechanisms proffesionals and forcasting secondary developed curriculum to address all levels,VEEs, AU-PATTEC, ILRI, Global
for attracting and students in animal health school leav- and identified for all specific needs VSBs, educational initiatives,
and retaining are attracted, industry ers in to gaps shared to categories and to provide Private sectors and others
suitable human engaged and science and governments of animal specialized "
resource in retained in research in- and other health applied training
animal health, animal health cluding out- stakeholders institutions to various
veterinary reach and to encourage developed categories of
medicine and vocational them to including animal health
allied sciences training provide frame work workers
and research pro- animal health/ for quality created and
including grammes science based assurance operationalized
development are de- scholarships and harmo-
of mechanisms velped and as a means to nization of
and outreach dessime- attract more curriculum
programs to nated personnel to
increase the the proffesion
proportion of
youths who
take up science,
technology,
engineering and
mathematics
(STEM) as a
career
Strategic
Objective
6: Enhance
partnerships,

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

coordination,
investment
and resourcing

69
of the animal
health sector
70
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
4.6.1 Support smart partnerships for coordination, collaborative formulation and implementation of frameworks for the delivery of animal health
programs
i.   Support in- Animal health Key stakeholders Guidelines and Enhanced AU-IBAR & MSs, FAO, OIE, WHO,
stitutionalization secretariats/ and priority action plans coordination RECs Africa CDC, development
and harmonized centres and AH programs for enhanced and partners, private sector
implementation networks/ mapped, resourcing participation in organizations, foundations,
of priority re- platforms includling and improved animal health communities etc
gional and con- established/ biosdiversity, coordination of programs
tinental animal strengthened welfare and AH programs
health strategies at continental environment developed and
and agreements and regional operationalized
at national level leves e.g.
PPR global

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

secretariat
ii.   Promote and Increased Evidence Advocacy 10% increase AU-IBAR/AUC MSs, FAO, EC. PPCP, OIE,
support smart investment research for action plan in investment/ & RECs UN and Ios
partnerships and advocacy and developed buy-in among
including resourcing of campaigning and imple- multiple
public private animal health mented stakeholders
community programs and
partnerships jurisdictions in
(PPCPs), animal health
networks and
platforms to
advocate animal
health issues
at continental,
regional and
national levels
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Increased
positive
behaviour
change
(demand for
better AH
services along
the VCs) of
the public in
support of
animal health
initiatives
iii. Develop and Effective Situation analysis Policy 30% MSs have AU-IBAR & MSs, FAO, OIE, Africa CDC,
promote the multi-sectoral of the state of guidelines at action plans for RECs PANVAC, PATTEC, UN
adoption and partnerships stakeholder continental multi-sectoral and Ios,
implementation and engagement and & regional partnerships
of policy stakeholder partnerships in levels for and
guidelines and engagements AH programs multi-sectoral stakeholders’
action plans for in AH partnerships engagement in
multi-sectoral and animal health
partnerships and stakeholders’ developed
stakeholders’ engagement in
engagement in animal health
animal health developed
4.6.2   Identify
investment
and funding
priorities

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

and mobilize
resources for
implementation

71
72
Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
i.    Support Evidence Guidelines and Piloting of the Roll-out the AU-IBAR MSs, RECs, FAO, OIE, WHO,
generation and of the methodology methodology in methodology Afr CDC, ILRI, IFPRI, UN,
dissemination contribution for harmonised two RECs to all RECs Ios, etc
of requisite of AH to data generation
relevant national developed
information GDP, PH,
of data to EH, food and
demonstrate the nutritional
contribution of security
animal health to documented
socio- economic as an
development, advocacy tool
public health,
ecosystem

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

health, food
and nutrition
security and
livelihoods as an
advocacy tool
to stimulate
increased
resource
allocation and
investments in
animal health at
national, regional
and continental
levels
 Strategic Deliverable Milestones Responsibility Collaborators
Objectives / Area Centres
Strategies
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
ii. Develop Enhanced and Resource mobi- Resource Private sources AU-IBAR MSs, RECs, FAO, OIE, WHO,
resource diversified lization strategy mobiliza- provide 15% of Afr CDC, ILRI, IFPRI, UN,
mobilization funding for developed and tion mecha- the AH strategy Ios, etc
strategies to animal health operational- nisms such implementation
broaden and priorities ized at different as PPCP budget
enhance funding levels including
for animal health Corporate
priorities social re-
sponsibility
commit-
ments
(CSR), Build
Operate
Transfer
(BOT),
foundations,
Outsourc-
ing etc
promoted
iii.    Promote Increased Policies, regula- Continental 30% of member AU-IBAR MSs, RECs, FAO, OIE, WHO,
institutionaliza- participation tions and guide- guide- states have do- Afr CDC, ILRI, IFPRI, UN,
tion of public and lines for institu- lines for mesticated the Ios, etc
private partner- contribution tionalization of institution- guidelines for
ships to improve of PPCP in PPCP developed alization institutionaliza-
animal health animal health at continental, of PPCP tion of PPCP
service delivery resourcing regional and developed
and investment and service national levels
at continental, delivery
regional and

African Union - Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources

national levels

73
African Union – Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR)
Kenindia Business Park, Museum Hill, Westlands Road.
P.O. Box 30786 - 00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
Tel: +254 (20) 3674 000  Fax: +254 (20) 3674 341 / 3674 342
Email: [email protected]  Website: www.au-ibar.org