CONICS

FIRST QUARTER | WEEK 2 (AUGUST 29 – SEPT.2, 2022)

STEM SPECIALIZED - PRECALCULUS
MRS . CHA R L E NE A . ZE N G

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Lesson 2: Circle
 TARGETS
✓Define a circle
✓ Write the standard form (center-
radius) of the equation of a circle
✓ Graph a circle in a rectangular
coordinate system
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 SKILL BOOSTER
Identification. Write the correct
answer in your notebook.
1. It is a set of equidistant points on a line
(directrix) and a fixed point that is not
on the line (focus).

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 SKILL BOOSTER
Identification. Write the correct
answer in your notebook.
2. It is a set of points that are equidistant
to a fixed point, called center.

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 SKILL BOOSTER
Identification. Write the correct
answer in your notebook.
3. It is a degenerate case of an ellipse,
when a plane intersects the two
napped cones at the vertex.

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 SKILL BOOSTER
Identification. Write the correct
answer in your notebook.
4. It is a special type of ellipse with an
eccentricity of 0.

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 SKILL BOOSTER
Identification. Write the correct
answer in your notebook.
5. A conic section with a general form of
2 2
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐶𝑦 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0, such
that 𝐴 ≠ 0, 𝐶 ≠ 0 and A and C are
unlike signs.
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Errata (From Exit Quiz 1)
𝟐 𝟐
#7 𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏 is a hyperbola,
2 2
but 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 0 is a degenerate case
of a hyperbola, that is two intersecting
lines.
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 SKILL BOOSTER
1. Parabola
2. Circle
3. Point
4. Circle
5. Hyperbola

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 Review (Identifying Conics by General
Form of Equation)
Identify the values of A and C from the general form.
• ELLIPSE: If A and C are nonzero, have the same
sign, and are not equal to each other.
• CIRCLE: If A and C are equal and nonzero
• HYPERBOLA: If A and C are nonzero and have
opposite signs
• PARABOLA: Either A or C is zero.
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 SKILL BOOSTER
Determine the type of CONIC SECTIONS.
2 2
1. 4x − 9x + 36x + 36y − 125 = 0
2
2. 9y + 16x + 36x − 10 = 0
2 2
3. 3x + 3y − 2x − 6y − 4 = 0
2 2
4. −25x − 4y + 100x + 16y + 20 = 0
2 2
5. x + 16y − 4x + 32y + 4 = 0
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 Standard Form of Equation of a Circle
How do you classify a circle from its
equation?

From your Grade 10 Mathematics,

what are the two properties of the circle
needed to be able to write its standard
form of equation?
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 Standard form of equation of a circle
In Euclidean Geometry, the
definition of a circle defines as a plane
figure bounded by one curved line,
and such that all straight lines drawn
from a certain point within it to the
bounding line, are equal.
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 Standard form of equation of a circle
In Calculus, the circle can be
defined as the set of all points
that are equidistant from a center
point.

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 Standard form of equation of a circle
From elementary
Mathematics, a circle has
the following terms and
properties:
1. Diameter 5. Center
2. Radius 6. Tangent
3. Secant
4. Chord
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 Standard form of equation of a circle
To graph a circle, we need at least two basic
properties: the coordinates of its center and the
length of its radius.
• Plot the center in a rectangular cartesian plane
• Measure the length of the radius, horizontally,
from the center
• Using a compass, point the pin in the center and
the pencil to the other endpoint of the radius,
then draw the circle.
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 Standard form of equation of a circle
These two properties of circle are also the
two basic requirements to write an equation of
a circle in standard form or also known as the
“center-radius form”
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝒉) +(𝒚 − 𝒌) = 𝒓
Representation of any Coordinates of the Length of the
points P(x, y) on the circle center C(h,k) radius r
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 Standard form of equation of a circle
What if these two properties are
not given?

What if the coordinates of the

endpoints of its diameter is given?
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 Distance Formula
2
𝑑r = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

Change in x (𝑥2 −𝑥1 )

Change in y (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )
We use this to
find the length
of the radius r

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Midpoint Formula
We use this to find the
coordinates of the
center of a circle if the
endpoints of the
diameter is given.

𝒙𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐
𝑪 𝒉, 𝒌 = ,
𝟐 𝟐

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 Example
Determine the length of the radius and coordinates
of the center of circle A.
C(3, 4)

A(h,k)

B(-3,-2)

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 Task Card 1
Find the coordinates of the center and
length of the radius of the following
circles given its conditions.

1. Diameter with endpoints (4, 0) and

(5, -1)
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 Task Card 1
2.
(2, -1)

(6, -5)

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 Writing an Equation of a Circle
A. Given a graph 𝐶 ℎ, 𝑘 = 𝐶 1,0
𝑟 = 2 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓 − 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎

(𝑥 − ℎ)2 +(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
(𝑥 − 1)2 +(𝑦 − 0)2 = 22
(𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟐 +𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒

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 Writing an Equation of a Circle
B. Given its center and radius

1
C ,2 ; r = 3
2

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 Writing an Equation of a Circle
C. Given endpoints of its diameter

1
A 12, −1 and B , 2
2

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 Task Card 2
Write the standard form (center-radius form) of
equation of the circle given the following conditions.

1 1
1. C −5, ; r=
4 8

2. Endpoints A(0,5) and B(2, 5)

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 Summary
✓ A circle is a set of all points that are
equidistant from a center point.
✓ Its standard form (center-radius form) is
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
given by: (𝒙 − 𝒉) +(𝒚 − 𝒌) = 𝒓
✓ Other formulas needed:
Distance Formula: 𝑑 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1)2
𝑥1+𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
Midpoint Formula: 𝐶 ℎ, 𝑘 = 2 , 2
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 Exit Quiz
Write the standard form of equation of a circle.
1. Center at (0,0), radius 9
2
2. Center at (-1, -3), radius
2
3. The endpoints of a diameter are
at (2, 3) and at (-6, -5)
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 Homework (for all)
Write the standard form of
equation of a circle and sketch its
graph (notebook)

Center at (-1, 4) and tangent to x = 3

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