11/12
UNDERSTANDING
CULTURE, SOCIETY AND
POLITICS QUARTER 2 –
MODULE 6
Culture and
in theSociety
Globalizing
World
1
INTRODUCTION (What I Need to Know?)
In the previous module, you have gained information in addressing social inequalities.
In this module, you will examine how humans respond to social, political, and cultural
changes. Some topics present new information, while others are review materials which can
be added to your prior knowledge. Every learning series require some responses from you.
If you encounter difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to ask
help from your teacher. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this self-learning material, you will experience significant
knowledge and achieve mastery on the most essential learning competencies. Good luck and
enjoy!
(MELC) Most Essential Learning Competency
Examine human responses to emerging challenges in contemporary societies.
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
a. recognize how humans respond to social, political and cultural change;
b. weigh-up the social, cultural, and political implications on changes as influenced by
human adaptation; and
c. value positive and desirable responses to change.
DISCUSSIONS AND ACTIVITIES (What Is It?)
CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN THE GLOBALIZING
WORLD
DEFINING SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE
Social change is the alteration in patterns of culture, social structure and social
behaviour over time. As observed by Heraclitus, no society can successfully prevent
change, not even those who try to do so (Robertson: 507). Nonetheless, some societies are
more resistant to change than others, particularly indigenous peoples who continuously
uphold their age-old traditions rather than accepting external interventions in their daily
lives. A change in the cultural patterns of behaviour and values as well as the tangible (or
material aspects) and the intangible (or non-material aspects) of people’s lives is called
cultural change. Whereas a change in the political patterns of behaviour and values as
well as the various political institutions that held power and control is called political
change. For instance, the alteration of built heritage downtown in Manila and Iloilo in
favour of sleek, modern structures is cultural change while the propose change of the type
of government in the Philippines from presidential to parliamentary is a fine example of
political change. (Santarita, Madrid 2016)
Sociologists have identified numerous sources of social, cultural and political change,
and the three most important are the following:
1. Innovation is defined as “independent invention to creatively find solutions to
problems. (Kotak, 2000:74) For example, the invention of public transport system like
metro rails revolutionized safe travel and regulated traffic in countries like Thailand and
Singapore.
2. Diffusion happens when a particular culture is shared by and to others.
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3. Acculturation is a process that results to a massive cultural change, and entails a
show of force by one party over another. (Haviland, Prins, Walrath and McBride, 2008)
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The extreme form of acculturation is genocide/ ethnocide, the aggressive and
forceful abolition of a certain group’s cultural identity through the implementation of
policies that give negative sanctions to the practice of the group’s culture. (Haviland,
Prins, Walrath and McBride, 2008)
REACTIONS TO CHANGE
The advent of change posits certain issues people need to respond to. The
interconnectivity of change also implies interconnectivity of issues we need to face. How we
respond to it as a people somehow creates a social divide because we differ in our social,
political, cultural or economic stand. Regardless of our stand, these issues of change calls
us citizens to be more engaged, participatory and even organized social movements. (PEAC,
2016)
People reacts differently, and/ or negatively, to change. These reactions follow stages
of personal transition that basically starts with denial, followed by doubt, and lastly,
acceptance. This response to change is represented by the change curve below.
https://www.cleverism.com/ _ accessed 12-16-20
NEW CHALLENGES TO HUMAN ADAPTATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE
Major transformations in the new world order as a result of deteriorating environments
and social conditions like the increase in the population and advancement in technology
create new challenges to human adaptation and social change. These include the following:
1. Global Warming and Climate Change – with greenhouse gas emissions reaching
alarming levels, people have begun coming up with new policies and changing
lifestyles to address the effects of global warming. (Magstadt, 2013)
In the Philippines, climate change resulted to disastrous typhoons like Yolanda,
which brought storm surge and devastations to Tacloban City and environs. (Santarita,
Madrid 2016)
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2. Transnational Migration – Most scholars now recognize that many contemporary
migrants and their predecessors maintain various kinds of ties to their homelands at
the same time that they are incorporated into the countries that receive them. In the
Philippines, transnational migration provided strong impetus for reinvention of roles
especially within the threshold of family and society (i.e. Wives assume “masculine
roles” in the absence of husband; or husbands assume “feminine roles” in the absence
of wives). (Santarita, Madrid 2016)
RESPONDING TO SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL CHANGE
Since change is generally inevitable in a society, people resort to diverse ways and
means in responding to it and managing the impact it can generate both to an individual and
society. Among the means employed are as follows:
1. Participatory democracy. This explains the prevalence of cause oriented groups in
many developing countries as represented by civil society and non-governmental
organizations, which are actively involved in collaborating with government agencies in
delivering resources and services to the society at large.
2. New forms of media and social networking. With the advent of internet, people
have equitable access to information and ideas, literally, with the palm of their hands
and the touch of a finger. Theoretically, this technological development is a great
victory for democracy as popular participation can be handily realized with one click.
(Magstadt, 2013:301)
3. Social movements. These are activities organized by groups of people intended to
create effects beyond their own group. (Zurcher and Snow, 1981 in Newman 2012) This
usually occurs when people who are dissatisfied identify their current conditions as
unable to meet their needs. (Newman, 2012) (Santarita, Madrid 2016)
Any change or issue is not exclusively a single aspect. It is an overlapping or
intertwining of social, political and cultural changes and even other factors. A change in one
aspect elicits change in the other. But specking of change, we are not only referring to it
negatively but we look at its duality.
Human behaviour has a connection to the society as a whole because human actions
posits change (political, cultural, social, economic, technological, etc.). Such connection
between the behavior of the individual people and the structures of the society is viewed on
the lens of sociological perspectives. This way of looking at the society explains and predicts
how humans adapt to any of those changes and how such adaptation triggers the same
change. (PEAC, 2016)
ACTIVITY 1: RESPONSE TO CHANGE!
Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to define what is stated in each statement.
1. Changes integrated a renewed individual. NIETARTGINO
2. Lacking in energy. EDERSPISNO
3. Learning how to walk in the new situation. EDICISNO
4. Looking for evidence that it isn’t true. EDINLA
5. Recognition that things are different. RFSUARTTNIO
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ACTIVITY 2: COMPARATIVE MATRIX
Directions: Copy the table in your answer sheet and complete the data needed. Use the
rubrics below to serve as your guide.
DIMENSIONS/ CHANGES
ASPECTS
Positive Negative Issues/ Possible
Problems Solutions
1. Social Media
2. Social Movement
Rubric
s
CRITERIA DESCRIPTIO POINT
N S
Organization The concept was clearly and creatively conveyed. 5
Content The content was clearly discussed. 5
Presentation The idea was clearly presented based on the work 5
used.
TOTAL 15
ACTIVITY 3: PROJECT IT!
Directions: Make a poster on a long coupon bond that calls for awareness on how social,
political and cultural changes affected the society. Follow the rubrics below to
serve as your guide.
RUBRICS FOR SCORING
5 4 3 2 1
Content All guidelines Majority of Some of the Many of the No guidelines
are followed the guidelines guidelines guidelines are followed
are are are
followed followed not followed
Creativity Exceptionally Very Good sense of Fair sense of No sense of
creative good creativity creativity creativity
sense of
creativity
Originality Exceptionally Very good Good use Fair use of No new
new idea use of new idea idea
of new idea new idea
ASSESSMENT
I. Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.
1. People generally accepts change when they understand its importance.
2. Participatory democracy explains the prevalence of cause-oriented groups in many
developing countries.
3. Regulated access to information is detrimental to private matters like government
and personal records.
4. Groups of people organize social movements to create effects for their own good.
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5. Participatory democracy, social networking and social movements are responses to
social change.
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II. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it in your answer sheet.
1. Process that results to a massive cultural change, and entails a show of force by one
party over another.
a. Acculturation b. Diffusion c. Innovation d. Integration
2. Happens when a particular culture is shared by and to others.
a. Acculturation b. Diffusion c. Integration d. Redistribution
3. Aggressive and forceful abolition of a certain group’s cultural identity through the
implementation of policies that give negative sanctions to the practice of the group’s
culture.
a. Ethnocide b. Homicide c. Infanticide d. Parricide
4. Independent invention to creatively find solutions to problems.
a. Acculturation b. Diffusion c. Innovation d. Integration
5. Change in the political patterns of behaviour and values as well as the various
political institutions.
a. Climate Change c. Political Change
b. Cultural Change d. Social Change
6. Change in the cultural patterns of behaviour and values as well as the tangible and
the intangible aspects.
a. Climate Change c. Political Change
b. Cultural Change d. Social Change
7. Explains the prevalence of cause oriented groups in many developing countries as
represented by civil society and non-governmental organizations.
a. Participatory Democracy c. Social Movements
b. Social Media d. Social Networks
8. Activities organized by groups of people intended to create effects beyond their own
group.
a. Participatory Democracy c. Social Movements
b. Social Media d. Social Networks
9. Provided strong impetus for reinvention of roles especially within the threshold of
family and society.
a. Climate Change c. Social Movements
b. Global Warming d. Transnational Migration
10.The alteration in patterns of culture, social structure and social behaviour over time,
a. Climate Change c. Political Change
b. Cultural Change d. Social Change
III. Directions: Explain the significance of the following innovations in the light of social
change affecting the lives of humanity. Use your answer sheet in writing
your answer.
1. Airplane
2. Face Shield
3. Fluorescent Lamp
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4. Internet
5. Television
Rubric
s
CRITERIA DESCRIPTIO POINT
N S
Organization The concept was clearly and creatively conveyed. 5
Content The content was clearly discussed. 5
Presentation The idea was clearly presented based on the work 5
used.
TOTAL 15
REFERENCES
Book
Arcinas, M. Understanding Culture, Society and Politics, 1st Ed. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc., 2016.
Lanuza, G. & Raymundo S. Understanding Culture, Society and Politics, 1st Ed. Manila: Rex
Bookstore, Inc., 2016.
Santarita, Joefe B. and Randy M. Madrid. UNDERSTANDING Culture, Society and Politics.
Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc., 2016, 103, 105-110, 112.
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Online and Other Sources
Four New Normal Trends… Changes in Post COVID-19 Era.
https://www.pttgcgroup.com/en/updates/feature-stories/1421/four-new-normal-
trends-changes-in-post-covid-19-era
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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Walt_Rostow_1968.jpg/1280
px-Walt_Rostow_1968.jpg
https://i2.wp.com/revisesociology.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/rostows-five-stages-
growth.jpg?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-25456-001
https://www.dur.ac.uk/images/IAS/2018_revisions/Fellows1819/Fellows1011/ProfRRobertso n.jpg
https://www.google.com/search?q=QUOTE+ON+CHANGE&newwindow
https://www.google.com/search?q=QUOTE+ON+responding+to+CHANGE
https://www.google.com/search?q=editorial+cartoon+on+social%2C+political+and+cultural+ch
ange&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjHg
https://www.tutor2u.net/economics/reference/rostow-five-stages-of-economic-growth-model
Larosa, Alexis V. Social and Political Stratification. Module 7. DepEd-ADM. Masterson Avenue,
Upper Balulang, Zone 1, Cagayan de Oro City, Cagayan de Oro, Lalawigan ng Misamis
Oriental, 2020.
Learning Module on Responding to Social, Political and Cultural Change. PEAC-FAPE Teacher’s
Training, 2016, 130, 132, 137.
Silbereisen, R. K., & Tomasik, M. J. Human behavior in response to social change: A
guide to the special section, 2010.
Slide Share. https://www.slideshare.net/edwardbenalet/social-cultural-political-change
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