MACHINE LEARNING Semester 6

Course Code BCS602 CIE Marks 50

Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 4:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 50 Total Marks 100
Credits 04 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
● To introduce the fundamental concepts and techniques of machine learning.
● To understanding of various types of machine learning and the challenges faced in real-
world applications.
● To familiarize the machine learning algorithms such as regression, decision trees,
Bayesian models, clustering, and neural networks.
● To explore advanced concept like reinforcement learning and provide practical insight
into its applications.
● To enable students to model and evaluate machine learning solutions for different types
of problems.

Teaching-Learning Process (General Instructions)

These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
1. Lecturer method (L) needs not to be only a traditional lecture method, but alternative effective
teaching methods could be adopted to attain the outcomes.
2. Use of Video/Animation/Demonstration to explain functioning of various concepts.
3. Encourage collaborative (Group Learning) Learning in the class.
4. Ask at least three HOT (Higher order Thinking) questions in the class, which promotes critical
thinking.
5. Adopt Problem/Practical Based Learning (PBL), which fosters students’ Analytical skills, develop
design thinking skills, and practical skill such as the ability to design, evaluate, generalize, and
analyze information rather than simply recall it.
6. Use animations/videos to help the students to understand the concepts.
7. Demonstrate the concepts using PYTHON and its libraries wherever possible
Module-1
Introduction: Need for Machine Learning, Machine Learning Explained, Machine Learning in Relation to
other Fields, Types of Machine Learning, Challenges of Machine Learning, Machine Learning Process,
Machine Learning Applications.

Understanding Data – 1: Introduction, Big Data Analysis Framework, Descriptive Statistics, Univariate
Data Analysis and Visualization.

Chapter-1, 2 (2.1-2.5)
Module-2
Understanding Data – 2: Bivariate Data and Multivariate Data, Multivariate Statistics, Essential
Mathematics for Multivariate Data, Feature Engineering and Dimensionality Reduction Techniques.

Basic Learning Theory: Design of Learning System, Introduction to Concept of Learning, Modelling in
Machine Learning.

Chapter-2 (2.6-2.8, 2.10), Chapter-3 (3.3, 3.4, 3.6)

Module-3

Similarity-based Learning: Nearest-Neighbor Learning, Weighted K-Nearest-Neighbor Algorithm,

Nearest Centroid Classifier, Locally Weighted Regression (LWR).

Regression Analysis: Introduction to Regression, Introduction to Linear Regression, Multiple Linear

Regression, Polynomial Regression, Logistic Regression.

Decision Tree Learning: Introduction to Decision Tree Learning Model, Decision Tree Induction
Algorithms.

Chapter-4 (4.2-4.5), Chapter-5 (5.1-5.3, 5.5-5.7), Chapter-6 (6.1, 6.2)

Module-4
Bayesian Learning: Introduction to Probability-based Learning, Fundamentals of Bayes Theorem,
Classification Using Bayes Model, Naïve Bayes Algorithm for Continuous Attributes.

Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction, Biological Neurons, Artificial Neurons, Perceptron and Learning
Theory, Types of Artificial Neural Networks, Popular Applications of Artificial Neural Networks,
Advantages and Disadvantages of ANN, Challenges of ANN.

Chapter-8 (8.1-8.4), Chapter-10 (10.1-10.5, 10.9-10.11)

Module-5
Clustering Algorithms: Introduction to Clustering Approaches, Proximity Measures, Hierarchical
Clustering Algorithms, Partitional Clustering Algorithm, Density-based Methods, Grid-based Approach.

Reinforcement Learning: Overview of Reinforcement Learning, Scope of Reinforcement Learning,

Reinforcement Learning as Machine Learning, Components of Reinforcement Learning, Markov Decision
Process, Multi-Arm Bandit Problem and Reinforcement Problem Types, Model-based Learning, Model Free
Methods, Q-Learning, SARSA Learning.

Chapter -13 (13.1-13.6), Chapter-14 (14-1-14.10)

Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to :
1. Describe the machine learning techniques, their types and data analysis framework.
2. Apply mathematical concepts for feature engineering and perform dimensionality reduction to
enhance model performance.
3. Develop similarity-based learning models and regression models for solving classification and
prediction tasks.
4. Build probabilistic learning models and design neural network models using perceptrons and multilayer
architectures
5. Utilize clustering algorithms to identify patterns in data and implement reinforcement learning
techniques
 Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE)
is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of
50) and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks).
A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits
allotted to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100)
in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination)
taken together.

Continuous Internal Evaluation:

● For the Assignment component of the CIE, there are 25 marks and for the Internal
Assessment Test component, there are 25 marks.
● The first test will be administered after 40-50% of the syllabus has been covered, and the
second test will be administered after 85-90% of the syllabus has been covered
● Any two assignment methods mentioned in the 22OB2.4, if an assignment is project-based
then only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The teacher should not conduct
two assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned.
● For the course, CIE marks will be based on a scaled-down sum of two tests and other
methods of assessment.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s taxonomy
as per the outcome defined for the course.

Semester-End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question papers for
the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books
1. S Sridhar, M Vijayalakshmi, “Machine Learning”, OXFORD University Press 2021, First Edition.

Reference Books

1. Murty, M. N., and V. S. Ananthanarayana. Machine Learning: Theory and Practice, Universities Press,
2024.
2. T. M. Mitchell, “Machine Learning”, McGraw Hill, 1997.
3. Burkov, Andriy. The hundred-page machine learning book. Vol. 1. Quebec City, QC, Canada: Andriy
Burkov, 2019.

Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):

● https://www.universitiespress.com/resources?id=9789393330697
● https://www.drssridhar.com/?page_id=1053
● Machine Learning Tutorials: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/machine-learning/
● Machine Learning Tutorials: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/machine_learning/index.htm
● Python for Machine Learning: https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ml_getting_started.asp
● Introduction to Machine Learning: https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc22_cs29/preview
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
● Practical Assignment: Implementation of Practical Exercises Chapter 2: Q1-Q4, Chapter 3: Q1,
Chapter-4: Q1, Chapter-7: Q1, Chapter-8: Q1 - 10 Marks.
(Note: Refer to Reference book 1 for programming
assignments
https://www.universitiespress.com/resources?id=9789393330697)
● Course project: By considering suitable machine learning-based real-world application problem [15
Marks]