Computer, Network

Troubleshooting
Lecture 9
Slow Computer Performance

 Ah, the exhausting, slow computer! This is the most common complaint that
frustrates even the most patient user. Whether it is taking an eternity to open an
app, a bad internet connection, or annoying freezes, a slow computer has a
bad influence on productivity. We will explore a few quick fixes.
 Solution:
1. Free Up Space: Start by clearing unnecessary files and programs that are taking up
valuable space on your hard drive. Disk cleanup tools can also remove temporary
files and cache.
2. Software Update: Make sure your operating system and software are always updated
since they often contain improvements in performance and bug fixes.
3. Increase RAM: If your computer struggles with multitasking, consider upgrading the
RAM to improve speed.
4. Limit Startup Programs: If you have some unnecessary programs starting as soon as
your computer turns on – disable them.

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Unresponsive Programs

 An app suddenly freezes, leaving you staring blankly at the screen – the
moment you lose your nerves. These freezes may be caused by software
squabbles or overworked system resources.
 Solution:
1. Force Quit the Application: By pressing Ctrl + Alt + Delete and selecting Task
Manager, you will force the quit of the unresponsive application (Windows).
2. Restart the Computer: You will never know how sometimes a simple restart can
resolve issues – it does.
3. Update or Reinstall the Application: Check for updates to the problematic
application or reinstall it to fix any corrupted files.
4. Check for Conflicts: Make sure other programs are not causing additional issues.
Check by running them one by one.
Issues With Internet Connection

 A common problem users face is losing their internet connection, which

can be particularly frustrating during important tasks. The issue may stem
from router problems, network settings, or service outages.
 Solution:
1. Restart Your Router: Unplug it, leave it for 30 seconds, and then plug it back in.
2. Check Network Settings: Make sure the computer is connected to the right
network and your Wi-Fi is turned on.
3. Update Network Drivers: Outdated network drivers often can cause connectivity
issues, so check for updates frequently through the device manager.
4. Contact Your ISP: If the issue is still there, it is time to contact your internet service
provider.
Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)

 If you notice a dreaded error screen that indicates a critical system failure –
that is BSOD. The Blue Screen of Death is often caused by issues with the
hardware, driver conflicts, or system errors.
 Solution:
1. Restart Your Computer: Sometimes, the first thing that comes to mind is restarting,
and sometimes, it can resolve the issue.
2. Check for Updates: Ensure all your drivers and Windows updates are current.
Many BSODs are caused by driver conflicts or outdated software.
3. Run a System Diagnostic: Use Windows’ built-in diagnostic tools to check for
issues in the hardware, or use third-party tools like MemTest86 to test your RAM.
4. Restore System: If the issue comes up right after installing a new software, use
System Restore to turn your computer back to the previous state.
Overheating

 Dust buildup, poor ventilation, or a failing cooling system are some of the most
common causes of overheating. Overheating leads to sudden shutdowns,
minimized performance, and long-term damage to the computer.
 Solution:
1. Clean Your Computer: By using compressed air you can clean the dust from the
vents, fans, or other components.
2. Proper Ventilation: Your computer needs to be in a well-ventilated area and not
placed on a surface with blockers airflow.
3. Checking the Cooling System: All fans need to be working correctly, and if necessary,
replace the thermal paste on the CPU.
4. Use Cooling Pads: For laptops, using a cooling pad helps in reducing their
temperature.
Strange Noises

 There is nothing like hearing unsettling sounds coming out from your
computer, whether it’s clicking, grinding or whirring. These unusual sounds
often point to underlying hardware issues.
 Solution:
1. Identify the Source: Try to locate where the noise is coming from – if you hear it
coming from the hard drive, instantly back up your data immediately and
replace the drive.
2. Clean the Fans: Dust buildup can cause fans to work harder, leading to noise.
Clean them regularly.
3. Check for Loose Components: Ensure that all components inside the case are
securely fastened.
4. Consult a Professional: If the noise stays – it’s time to consult a professional.
Software Crashes

 If a specific software or multiple programs crash frequently, it can disrupt

your work and cause data loss. This issue is often due to software bugs,
conflicts, or corrupted files.
 Solution:
1. Software Update: Always use the latest version of the software since updates
come with fixed bugs and improved performance.
2. Reinstall the Software: If crashes persist, uninstall and then reinstall the program.
3. Conflict Software: Disable or uninstall any conflicting software that may be the
issue.
4. Run Antivirus Software: Sometimes, malware can cause the software to crash, so
running a good scan can help in identifying and removing any threats.
Peripheral Devices Not Working

 Issues with peripheral devices such as printers, keyboards, or mice not

working correctly can often be traced to driver issues or connection
problems.
 Solution:
1. Check Connections: All cables need to be securely connected, and the device
must be powered on.
2. Update Drivers: Update the drivers for the problematic peripherals by going to
the device manager.
3. Try Different Ports: If the device can’t be recognized, try plugging it into another
USB port.
4. Reinstall the Device: Uninstall the device from the device manager and then
reconnect it to reinstall the drivers.
Operating System Won’t Boot

 Turning on your computer, and…nothing happens. That dreaded black

screen can be a real stress-causing thing.
 Solution:
1. Check Power Supply: Make sure that your computer is receiving power. If you
are using a laptop, check the battery.
2. Use Safe Mode: If booting it in Safe Mode turns out successful, you can
troubleshoot the issue from there.
3. Repair Windows: Use the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) to repair your
system files.
4. Reinstall the Operating System: If everything fails maybe you will need to reinstall
your operating system (back up your data first).
Viruses and Malware

 Malware & viruses are the digital equivalent of uninvited guests who
constantly wreak havoc on your computer. These malicious software
programs often sneak into your system through unsuspecting channels
(email attachments, infected downloads, malicious websites).
 Solution:
1. Antivirus Software: Always have good antivirus software installed and update it
regularly.
2. Regular Scans: Regular scans detect and remove any malware or viruses.
3. Avoid Suspicious Links: Never click on links or files for downloading from
unfamiliar sources.
4. Keep Software Updated: Regular updates can close security vulnerabilities that
viruses exploit.
Troubleshooting Network Connectivity
Problems

 In today’s hyper-connected world, a stable and reliable network

connection is essential for individuals and businesses. However, network
connectivity issues can be frustrating and disruptive. Whether you’re unable
to access the internet, experiencing slow speeds, or encountering frequent
disconnections, troubleshooting network problems is a critical skill. In this
guide, we’ll walk you through common network connectivity problems and
provide step-by-step solutions to help you get back online quickly.

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Common Network Connectivity
Problems
1. No Internet Access: You’re connected to the network, but you can’t
access the internet.
2. Slow Internet Speed: Your internet connection is working, but it’s much
slower than expected.
3. Frequent Disconnections: Your network connection keeps dropping,
causing interruptions.
4. Limited Connectivity: You’re connected to the network, but with limited
access to certain websites or services.
5. Now, let’s explore how to troubleshoot these issues effectively.
Restart Your Access Point (i.e., Router) & Modem

 The first and simplest step is to power cycle your router and modem. Turn
them off, unplug them from the power source, wait for about 30 seconds,
and then plug them back in and turn them on. This can often resolve minor
connectivity issues caused by temporary glitches.
Check All Physical Connections

 Ensure that all cables connecting your devices (modem, router, computer)
are securely plugged in. Loose or damaged cables can lead to
connectivity problems.
Verify Internet Service Status

 Visit your Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) website or contact their customer
support to check if there are any reported outages or service disruptions in
your area. Sometimes, the issue may be on their end, and you’ll need to
wait for them to resolve it.
Test Other Devices

 If you’re experiencing connectivity issues on a specific device, try

connecting other devices to the same network. If all devices face the
same problem, the issue is likely with your network. If only one device is
affected, the problem may be isolated to that device.
Restart Your Computer or Device

 Sometimes, network issues can be resolved by simply restarting your

computer or mobile device. This can refresh network settings and clear any
temporary glitches.
Check Wi-Fi Signal Strength

 If you’re using a wireless connection, check the signal strength of your Wi-Fi
network. Weak signals can result in slow speeds and disconnections.
Reposition your router or consider using Wi-Fi extenders to improve
coverage.
Update Router Firmware

 Outdated router firmware can lead to compatibility issues and network

problems. Check the manufacturer’s website for firmware updates for your
router model and install them as needed.
Run Network Troubleshooters

 Most operating systems, including Windows and macOS, have built-in

network troubleshooters. Run these diagnostic tools to identify and
automatically fix common network issues.
Disable VPNs or Proxies

 If you’re using a VPN or proxy server, disable them temporarily to see if they
are causing connectivity problems. Sometimes, misconfigured VPNs or
proxies can disrupt network connections.
Scan for Malware and Viruses

 Malware or viruses on your device can affect network performance. Run a

full system scan using reliable antivirus software to detect and remove any
threats.
Adjust Router Settings

 Access your router’s settings through a web browser by typing in the

router’s IP address (usually something like 192.168.1.1) and log in with your
credentials. Check settings related to security, DNS, and wireless
configuration. Ensure that your router is using the latest security protocols.
Contact Your ISP

 If all else fails and you continue to experience network connectivity

problems, it’s time to contact your Internet Service Provider. They can
perform diagnostics on their end and dispatch a technician if necessary to
resolve the issue.