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The document introduces the fundamentals of machine learning, covering key concepts such as the distinction between features and outcomes, and the applications of classification versus prediction. It includes notation for features and outcomes, as well as an example illustrating these concepts. Additionally, it features a comprehension check to reinforce understanding of machine learning principles.

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ninicita22
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6 views2 pages

2

The document introduces the fundamentals of machine learning, covering key concepts such as the distinction between features and outcomes, and the applications of classification versus prediction. It includes notation for features and outcomes, as well as an example illustrating these concepts. Additionally, it features a comprehension check to reinforce understanding of machine learning principles.

Uploaded by

ninicita22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2 Section 1 - Introduction to Machine

Learning Overview
In the Introduction to Machine Learning section, you will be introduced to machine learning.

After completing this section, you will be able to:

Explain the difference between the outcome and the features.


Explain when to use classification and when to use prediction.
Explain the importance of prevalence.
Explain the difference between sensitivity and specificity.

This section has one part: introduction to machine learning.

2.1 Notation

There is a link to the relevant section of the textbook: Notation

Key points

X1 , . . . , Xp denote the features, Y denotes the outcomes, and Y^ denotes the predictions.
Machine learning prediction tasks can be divided into categorical and continuous
outcomes. We refer to these as classification and prediction, respectively.

2.2 An Example

There is a link to the relevant section of the textbook: An Example

Key points

Yi = an outcome for observation or index i.


We use boldface for Xi to distinguish the vector of predictors from the individual predictors
Xi,1 , . . . , Xi,784 .
When referring to an arbitrary set of features and outcomes, we drop the index i and use Y
and bold X.
Uppercase is used to refer to variables because we think of predictors as random variables.
Lowercase is used to denote observed values. For example, X = x.

2.3 Comprehension Check - Introduction to


Machine Learning

1. True or False: A key feature of machine learning is that the algorithms are built with data.

A. True
B. False

2. True or False: In machine learning, we build algorithms that take feature values (X) and train
a model using known outcomes (Y) that is then used to predict outcomes when presented
with features without known outcomes.

A. True
B. False

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