[고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?3)

[23년도 고2 3월 20번]
The more people have to do unwanted things the more
chances are that they create unpleasant environment for
1. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?1) themselves and others. If you hate the thing you do but
The more people have to do unwanted things the more have to do it nonetheless, you have choice between

chances are that they create unpleasant environment for hating the thing and accepting that it needs to be done.

themselves and others. If you hate the thing you do but Either way you will do it. Doing it from place of hatred
have to do it nonetheless, you have choice between will expand hatred towards the self and others around

hating the thing and accepting that it needs to be done. you; doing it from the place of acceptance will create

Either way you will do it. Doing it from place of hatred compassion towards the self and ___________________________.
will develop hatred towards the self and others around If you decide to accept the fact that your task has to be

you; doing it from the place of acceptance will create done, start from recognizing that your situation is a gift

compassion towards the self and allow for opportunities from life. Then, you are on the way to finding more
to find a more suitable way of accomplishing the task. If appropriate solution to accomplishing your task.

you decide to accept the fact that your task has to be

done, start from recognising that your situation is a gift ① enable you to persuade others to abandon their duty
from life; this will help you to see it as a lesson in ② help you search for a better way to complete the

acceptance. task
③ allow you to deny that you are responsible for the
① necessity to approach unwanted things from the work
place of acceptance ④ make you believe that you do not have to

② realistic drills to specifically recognize your situation accomplish the task

③ compassion as human’s complex and universal ⑤ offer opportunities to solve the conflict between you

emotion and other people

④ ironical similarities between the realm of hatred and

the realm of acceptance
⑤ negative effect of creating unpleasant environment 4. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 어색한 것은?4)
for others on self The more people have to do unwanted things the more
chances are that they create unpleasant environment for
themselves and others. If you hate the thing you do but
2. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?2) have to do it nonetheless, you have choice between
The more people have to do unwanted things the more hating the thing and ⓐaccept that it needs to be done.
chances are that they create unpleasant environment for Either ⓑway you will do it. Doing it from place of hatred

themselves and others. If you hate the thing you do but will develop hatred towards the self and others around
have to do it nonetheless, you have choice between you; doing it from the place of acceptance will create

hating the thing and accepting that it needs to be done. compassion towards the self and ⓒallow for opportunities

Either way you will do it. Doing it from place of hatred to find a more suitable way of accomplishing the task. If
will develop hatred towards the self and others around you decide to accept the fact that your task has to be

you; doing it from the place of acceptance will create done, ⓓstart from recognising that your situation is a gift

compassion towards the self and allow for opportunities from life; this will help you ⓔsee it as a lesson in
to find a more suitable way of accomplishing the task. If acceptance.

you decide to accept the fact that your task has to be

done, start from recognising that your situation is a gift ① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
from life; this will help you to see it as
_______________________________.

① a lesson in acceptance
② a complicated society
③ a life living in a harmony
④ intensified competition
⑤ conflict on your task

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

⑤ 현재보다 조금이라도 나아질 수 있다면 그것은 더 나은

[23년도 고2 3월 21번] 일이 분명하다.

5. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

7. 다음 글의 내용을 요약하고자 할 때, 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈
말로 가장 적절한 것은?7)
은 것은?5)

Everyone's heard the expression don't let the perfect Everyone’s heard the expression don’t let the perfect

become the enemy of the good. If you want to get over become the enemy of the good. If you want to get over
an obstacle so that your idea can become the an obstacle so that your idea can become the solution

solution‑based policy you've long dreamed of, you can't based policy you’ve long dreamed of, you can’t have an

have an all‑or‑nothing ⓐmindset. You have to be willing all or nothing mentality. You have to be willing to alter
to ⓑmodify your idea and let others influence its your idea and let others influence its outcome. You have

outcome. You have to be okay with the outcome being a to be okay with the outcome being a little different, even

little different, even a little less, than you wanted. ⓒ a little less, than you wanted. Say you’re pushing for a
Suppose you're pushing for a clean water act. Even if clean water act. Even if what emerges isn’t as well

what emerges isn't as well‑funded as you wished, or funded as you wished, or doesn’t match how you

doesn't match how you originally ⓓconception of the bill, originally conceived the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in
you'll have still succeeded in ensuring that kids in ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to clean

troubled areas have access to clean water. That's what water. That’s what counts, that they will be safer because

counts, that they will be safer because of your idea and of your idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there
your effort. Is it perfect? ⓔAbsolutely. Is there more work more work to be done? Absolutely. But in almost every

to be done? Definitely. But in almost every case, helping case, helping move the needle forward is vastly better

move the needle forward is vastly better than not helping than not helping at all.
at all. ↓
In order to turn your idea into a practical solution, it is

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ important to be (A)_______________, open to others’ input,

and accept that the outcome may not be exactly as
desired, but the progress made is still valuable in making
a (B)_______________ impact.
6. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?6)

Everyone's heard the expression don't let the perfect (A) (B)
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get over ① severe helpful
an obstacle so that your idea can become the ② flexible valuable
solution‑based policy you've long dreamed of, you can't ③ strict positive
have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to be willing ④ flexible negative
to alter your idea and let others influence its outcome. ⑤ strict worthless
You have to be okay with the outcome being a little
different, even a little less, than you wanted. Say you're
pushing for a clean water act. Even if what emerges isn't
as well‑funded as you wished, or doesn't match how you
originally conceived the bill, you'll have still succeeded in
ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to clean
water. That's what counts, that they will be safer because
of your idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there
more work to be done? Absolutely. But in almost every
case, helping move the needle forward is vastly better
than not helping at all.

① 좋은 일은 반드시 완벽한 결과를 가져올 것이다.

② 자신의 독창적인 아이디어를 간직해야 발전이 가능하
다.
③ 예상한 것과 다른 결과가 나온다면 당신은 실패한 것이
다.
④ 계획단계부터 완벽을 추구해야 원하는 결과를 얻을 수
있다.

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

8. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 부분을 통해 필자가 주장하는 바를 <보  다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

기>의 제시어를 이용하여 <조건>에 맞게 작성하시오.8) Everyone's heard the expression ⓐdon't let the perfect
Everyone's heard the expression don't let the perfect become the enemy of the good. If you want to get over
become the enemy of the good. If you want to get over an obstacle so that your idea can become the
an obstacle so that your idea can become the solution‑based policy you've long dreamed of, you can't
solution‑based policy you've long dreamed of, you can't have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to be willing
have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. You have to be willing to alter your idea and let others influence its outcome.
to alter your idea and let others influence its outcome. You have to be okay with the outcome being a little
You have to be okay with the outcome being a little different, even a little less, than you wanted. Say you're
different, even a little less, than you wanted. Say you're pushing for a clean water act. Even if what emerges isn't
pushing for a clean water act. Even if what emerges isn't as well‑funded as you wished, or doesn't match how you
as well‑funded as you wished, or doesn't match how you originally conceived the bill, you'll have still succeeded in
originally conceived the bill, you'll have still succeeded in ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to clean
ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to clean water. ⓑThat's what counts, that they will be safer
water. That's what counts, that they will be safer because because of your idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is
of your idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there there more work to be done? Absolutely. But in almost
more work to be done? Absolutely. But in almost every every case, helping move the needle forward is vastly
case, helping move the needle forward is vastly better better than not helping at all.
than not helping at all.
9. 위 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ에서 말하는 the perfect와 the good에
<보기> 수질오염 지역의 아이들을 위해 A clean water act를 추진하
satisfactory / don't allow 는 상황을 가정했을 때,해당하는 경우를 글쓴이의 관점으로 정
리한 표이다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 각각 들어갈 내용을 지문에서
/ the pursuit / prevent you / what is
찾아 영어로 쓰시오. (단, 표의 다른 항목을 참고하여 어법에
/ from achieving / of perfection 맞게 작성할 것.)9)

<조건> A CLEAN WATER ACT FOR KIDS

1. <보기>의 제시어를 모두 사용할 것 IN TROUBLED AREAS
“THE PERFECT” “THE GOOD”
2. 어법상 필요하면 어휘를 추가할 것
· To have still
3. 어법에 맞게 쓸 것 · 기금 모금 측면:
succeed in ensuring
To (A)______________
that kids in troubled
정답: ___________________________________________________ · 법안 내용 측면:
areas have access to
To (B)_______________
clean water.

(A): _____________________________________________________
(B): _____________________________________________________

10. 위 글의 밑줄 친 ⓑ의 문맥상 의미를 우리말로 설명하시오.

(단, 주어진 <조건>을 충족하고, 지문에서 다룬 내용만 언급
할 것.)10)

<조건>
· they가 가리키는 대상을 구체적으로 언급할 것
· safer(더 안전한)가 나타내는 문맥상 뜻을 구체적으로 언급
할 것
· your idea and your effort가 가리키는 내용을 구체적으로
설명할 것.

→ ______________________________________________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

[23년도 고2 3월 22번]  다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
11. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 relevance. Think about the person you knew who was
절한 곳은?11) once on the fast track at your company, who is either no
Think about the impact personal computing technology longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to have hit a
had on the first wave of executive leadership exposed to plateau in his or her career. Assuming he or she did not
the technology. make an ambitious move, more often than not, this
individual is a victim of having failing (A)to stay relevant
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their and embrace the advances in his or her industry. Think
relevance. (A) Think about the person you knew who was about the impact personal computing technology had on
once on the fast track at your company. (B) He or she is the first wave of executive leadership exposed to the
either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to technology. Those who embraced the technology were
have hit a plateau in his or her career. (C) Assuming he able to integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those
or she did not make an ambitious move, more often who were resistant many times found few opportunities
than not, this individual is a victim of having failed to to advance their careers and in many cases were
stay relevant and embrace the advances in his or her ultimately let go through early retirement for failure to
industry. (D) Those who embraced the technology were stay relevant and update their skills.
able to integrate it into their work styles and excel. (E) *hit a plateau: 정체기에 들다
Those who were resistant many times found few
opportunities to advance their careers and in many cases 13. 위 글의 밑줄 친 (A)에서 문맥상 글쓴이가 말하는 ‘the
were ultimately let go through early retirement for failure embrace the advances in his or her industry“와 상응하
는 의미를 나타내는 표현을 지문에서 찾아 영어로 쓰시오.13)
to stay relevant and update their skills.
→ ______________________________________________________
① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E
14. 위 글의 밑줄 친 (A)의 긍정적인 사례를 19번 답에 근거하
여 지문에서 찾아 우리말로 설명하시오. (단, 주어진 <조건>

12. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?12)

을 모두 충족하고, 지문에서 다룬 내용만 언급할 것)14)

<조건>
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
· 1세대 최고경영자 (the first wave of executive leadership)
relevance. Think about the person you knew who was
의 경우 사례로 설명할 것
once on the fast track at your company, who is either no
· the advances in his or her industry가 가리키는 대상을
longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to have hit a
구체적으로 언급할 것
plateau in his or her career. Assuming he or she did not
make an ambitious move, more often than not, this
→ ______________________________________________________
individual is a victim of having failed to stay relevant and
embrace the advances in his or her industry. Think about
the impact personal computing technology had on the
first wave of executive leadership exposed to the
technology. Those who embraced the technology were
able to integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those
who were resistant many times found few opportunities
to advance their careers and in many cases were
ultimately let go through early retirement for failure to
stay relevant and update their skills.

① Future Direction of Personal Computer Companies

② Advantages and Disadvantages of High-Tech Brands
③ Significance of Appropriacy for Improvement and
Advance
④ Impact of Individual Tendencies and Company Needs
on Development
⑤ What an Ambitious Entrepreneur and an Executive
Leadership have in Common

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

15. 다음 글의 필자가 주장하는 바를 <조건>에 맞게 영어로 완 16. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?16)
성하시오.15)
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their relevance. Think about the person you knew who was
relevance. Think about the person you knew who was once on the fast track at your company, who is either no
once on the fast track at your company, who is either no longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to have hit a
longer with the firm or, worse yet, appears to have hit a plateau in his or her career. Assuming he or she did not
plateau in his or her career. Assuming he or she did not make an ambitious move, more often than not, this
make an ambitious move, more often than not, this individual is a victim of having failed to stay relevant and
individual is a victim of having failed to stay relevant and embrace the advances in his or her industry. Think about
embrace the advances in his or her industry. Think about the impact personal computing technology had on the
the impact personal computing technology had on the first wave of executive leadership exposed to the
first wave of executive leadership exposed to the technology. Those who embraced the technology were
technology. Those who embraced the technology were able to integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those
able to integrate it into their work styles and excel. Those who were resistant many times. found few opportunities
who were resistant many times found few opportunities to, _____________ their careers and in many cases were
to advance their careers and in many cases were ultimately let go through early retirement. for failure to
ultimately let go through early retirement for failure to stay relevant and update their skills.
stay relevant and update their skills. *hit a plateau: 정체기에 들다

<조건> ① advance ② admire ③ increase

· keep / by를 반드시 사용할 것 ④ descend ⑤ weaken
· 명령문의 형태로 쓸 것
· 12단어 이내의 문장으로 쓸 것
· 조건 위반, 철자 오류, 문법 오류 시 각각 1점 감점함.

→ ______________________________________________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

19. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),

[23년도 고2 3월 23번] (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?19)

What consequences of eating too many grapes and

17. 다음 글의 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은?17) other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains?
A few large studies have helped to shed some light. In
What consequences of eating too many grapes and
one, higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy adults
other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains?
was linked with less volume in the hippocampus. This
A few large studies have helped to shed some light. In
finding was unusual, since people who eat more fruit
one, higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy adults
usually display the benefits associated with a healthy diet.
was linked with less volume in the hippocampus. ⓐThis
In this study, however, the researchers isolated various
finding was unusual, since people who eat more fruit
components of the subjects' diets and found that fruit
usually display the benefits associated with a healthy diet.
didn't seem to be doing their memory centers any favors.
ⓑIn this study, however, the researchers isolated various
Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar inverse
components of the subjects' diets and found that fruit
relationship between fruit intake and volume of the
didn't seem to be doing their memory centers any favors.
cortex, the large outer layer of the brain. Researchers in
ⓒAnother study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar
the latter study noted that excessive consumption of
inverse relationship between fruit intake and volume of
high‑sugar fruit (such as mangoes, bananas, and
the cortex, the large outer layer of the brain. ⓓPeople
pineapples) may cause metabolic and cognitive problems
with brain injury will recover consciousness at a slow or
as much as processed carbs do.
fast rate, based on how severe their injury is. ⓔ
↓
Researchers in the latter study noted that excessive
Contrary to what people show as regards eating fruit and
consumption of high‑sugar fruit (such as mangoes,
health, the above passage concludes that fruit eating
bananas, and pineapples) may cause metabolic and
doesn’t appear to (A)___________ memory, and
cognitive problems as much as processed carbs do.
(B)___________ intake of fruits can even provoke several
*hippocampus: (대뇌 측두엽의) 해마
health issues.
**carb: 탄수화물 식품

(A) (B)
① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
① lower lower
② diminish higher
③ maintain moderate
18. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
④ boost higher
적절한 곳은?18)
⑤ restore lower
Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar inverse
relationship between fruit intake and volume of the
cortex, the large outer layer of the brain.

What consequences of eating too many grapes and

other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains?
(A) A few large studies have helped to shed some light.
(B) In one, higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy
adults was linked with less volume in the hippocampus.
(C) This finding was unusual, since people who eat more
fruit usually display the benefits associated with a healthy
diet. (D) In this study, however, the researchers isolated
various components of the subjects' diets and found that
fruit didn't seem to be doing their memory centers any
favors. (E) Researchers in the latter study noted that
excessive consumption of high‑sugar fruit (such as
mangoes, bananas, and pineapples) may cause metabolic
and cognitive problems as much as processed carbs do.
* hippocampus: (대뇌 측두엽의) 해마
** carb: 탄수화물 식품

① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

20. 다음 글에 의거하여 밑줄 친 ⓐ의 연구 결과 2가지를 우리 21. 다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 들어갈 문맥상 낱말에
말로 상세하게 설명하시오.20) 쓰임이 적절한 것끼리 짝지은 것은?21)

What consequences of eating too many grapes and other What consequences of eating too many grapes and
sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains? ⓐA other sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains?
few large studies have helped to shed some light. In one, A few large studies have helped to shed some light. In
higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy adults was one, higher fruit intake in older, cognitively healthy adults
linked with less volume in the hippocampus. This finding was linked with (A)[less / more] volume in the
was unusual, since people who eat more fruit usually hippocampus. This finding was unusual, since people who
display the benefits associated with a healthy diet. In this eat more fruit usually display the benefits associated with
study, however, the researchers isolated various a healthy diet. In this study, however, the researchers
components of the subjects' diets and found that fruit (B)[included / removed] various components of the
didn't seem to be doing their memory centers any favors. subjects' diets and found that fruit didn't seem to be
Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar inverse doing their memory centers any favors. Another study
relationship between fruit intake and volume of the from the Mayo Clinic saw a similar inverse relationship
cortex, the large outer layer of the brain. Researchers in between fruit intake and volume of the cortex, the large
the latter study noted that excessive consumption of high outer layer of the brain. Researchers in the latter study
sugar fruit (such as mangoes, bananas, and pineapples) noted that (C)[overconsumption / underconsumption] of
may cause metabolic and cognitive problems as much as high‑sugar fruit (such as mangoes, bananas, and
processed carbs do. pineapples) may cause metabolic and cognitive problems
*hippocampus (대뇌 측두엽의) 해마 as much as processed carbs do.
**carb: 탄수화물 식품
(A) (B) (C)
(1) ______________________________________________________ ① less included underconsumption
______________________________________________________ ② less removed overconsumption
(2) ______________________________________________________ ③ more removed overconsumption
______________________________________________________ ④ more included underconsumption
⑤ more included overconsumption

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

23. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?23)

[23년도 고2 3월 24번]
Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that others
are watching. It's a lot easier to move under the radar
22. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?22) when no one knows you and no one is paying attention.
Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that others You can mess up and be rough and get dirty because no
are watching. It's a lot easier to move under the radar one even knows you're there. But as soon as you start to
when no one knows you and no one is paying attention. win, and others start to notice, you're suddenly aware
that you're ___________________. You worry that others will
(A) You worry that others will discover your flaws and discover your flaws and weaknesses, and you start hiding
weaknesses, and you start hiding your true personality, so your true personality, so you can be a good role model
you can be a good role model and good citizen and a and good citizen and a leader that others can respect.
leader that others can respect. There is nothing wrong There is nothing wrong with that. But if you do it at the
with that. expense of being who you really are, making decisions
that please others instead of pleasing yourself, you're not
(B) You can mess up and be rough and get dirty going to be in that position very long. When you start
because no one even knows you're there. But as soon as apologizing for who you are, you stop growing and you
you start to win, and others start to notice, you're stop winning. Permanently.
suddenly aware that you're being observed. You're being
judged. ① being monitored
② acting like a fool
(C) But if you do it at the expense of being who you ③ the supporting role
really are, making decisions that please others instead of ④ considered a villain
pleasing yourself, you're not going to be in that position ⑤ the target for betrayal
very long. When you start apologizing for who you are,
you stop growing and you stop winning. Permanently.

① (A)-(C)-(B) ② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

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24. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것 25. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A)가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것

은?24) 은?25)

Winning turns on a self conscious awareness that others Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that others
are watching. It’s a lot easier to move under the radar are watching. It's a lot easier to move under the radar
when no one knows you and no one is paying attention. when no one knows you and no one is paying attention.
You can mess up and be rough and get dirty because no You can mess up and be rough and get dirty because no
one even knows you’re there. But as soon as you start to one even knows you're there. But as soon as you start to
win, and others start to notice, you’re suddenly aware win, and others start to notice, you're suddenly aware
that you’re being observed. You’re being judged. You that you're being observed. You're being judged. You
worry that others will discover your flaws and weaknesses, worry that others will discover your flaws and weaknesses,
and you start hiding your true personality, so you can be and you start hiding your true personality, so you can be
a good role model and good citizen and a leader that a good role model and good citizen and a leader that
others can respect. There is nothing wrong with that. But others can respect. There is nothing wrong with that. But
if you do it at the expense of being who you really are, if you do it at the expense of being who you really are,
making decisions that please others instead of pleasing making decisions that please others instead of pleasing
yourself, you’re not going to be in that position very yourself, you're not going to be in that position very
long. When you start apologizing for who you are, you long. When you start (A)apologizing for who you are, you
stop growing and you stop winning. Permanently. stop growing and you stop winning.
Permanently.
① confessing one’s actual sins and reconciling with
others ① to be ashamed of who you are
② embracing diverse perspectives for growth and ② to embrace your unique qualities
development ③ to develop your good self-esteem
③ admitting the fact that who I am is different from ④ to understand other people’s reactions
who I was ⑤ to match your attitudes to group norms
④ accepting and reflecting on others’ criticism of my
present self
⑤ denying my true self and disguising to be the
person that others want

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

28. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A)~(E)에 들어갈 말이 같은 것끼리 짝지어

[23년도 고2 3월 29번] 진 것은?28)

Human beings like certainty. This liking stems from our

26. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 ancient ancestors who needed to survive alongside
않은 것은?26) saber‑toothed tigers and poisonous berries. Our brains

Human beings like certainty. This liking stems from our evolved to help us attend to threats, keep away from

ancient ancestors who needed to ⓐremain alive alongside them, and remain alive afterward. In fact, we learned that
saber-toothed tigers and poisonous berries. Our brains the more (A)__________ we were about something, the

evolved to help us attend to threats, keep away from better chance we had of making the right choice. Is this

them, and survive afterward. In fact, we learned that the berry the same shape as last time? The same size? If I
more certain we were about something, the ⓑmore know for certain it is, my brain will direct me to eat it

chances we had of making the right choice. Is this berry because I know it's safe. And if I'm (B)__________, my brain

the same shape as last time? The same size? If I know will send out a danger alert to protect me. The
for certain it is, my brain will direct me to eat it because dependence on (C)__________ all those millennia ago

I know it's safe. And if I'm uncertain, my brain will send ensured our survival to the present day, and the

out a danger alert to protect me. The ⓒavoidance of danger‑alert system continues to protect us. This is
uncertainty all those millennia ago ensured our survival to achieved by our brains labeling new, vague, or

the present day, and the danger alert system continues unpredictable everyday events and experiences as

to protect us. This is achieved by our brains labeling new, (D)__________. Our brains then generate sensations,
vague, or unpredictable everyday events and experiences thoughts, and action plans to keep us safe from the

as ⓓinvariable. Our brains then generate sensations, (E)__________ element, and we live to see another day.

thoughts, and action plans to keep us safe from the ⓔ *saber-toothed tiger: 검치호(검 모양의 송곳니를 가진
obscure element, and we live to see another day. 호랑이)

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ ① (A), (B) ② (B), (C) ③ (C), (D)

④ (D), (E) ⑤ (A), (E)

27. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?27)

Human beings like certainty. This liking stems from our

ancient ancestors who needed to survive alongside
saber‑toothed tigers and poisonous berries. Our brains
evolved to help us attend to threats, keep away from
them, and remain alive afterward. In fact, we learned that
the more certain we were about something, the better
chance we had of making the right choice. Is this berry
the same shape as last time? The same size? If I know
for certain it is, my brain will direct me to eat it because
I know it's safe. And if I'm uncertain, my brain will send
out a danger alert to protect me. The dependence on
certainty all those millennia ago ensured our survival to
the present day, and the danger‑alert system continues to
protect us. This is achieved by our brains labeling new,
vague, or unpredictable everyday events and experiences
as uncertain. Our brains then generate sensations,
thoughts, and action plans to keep us safe from the
uncertain element, and we live to see another day.

① The Secret Courses of Human Interaction

② Gradual Measures to Sending Out Warnings
③ The Fruit Bearing Plants of Primitive Ecology
④ A Secret to Existence: Human Preference for Certainty
⑤ Cognitive Psychology: An Exploration of Human
Happiness

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

29. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 알맞은 것은?29) 30. 다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로
가장 적절한 것은?30)
Human beings like certainty. This liking stems from our
ancient ancestors who needed to survive alongside Human beings like certainty. This liking stems from our
saber‑toothed tigers and poisonous berries. Our brains ancient ancestors who developed (A)[it / them] as a
evolved to help us attend to threats, keep away from means of survival in the presence of saber‑toothed tigers
them, and remain alive afterward. In fact, we learned that and poisonous berries. Our brains evolved to help us
the more certain we were about something, the better attend to threats, keep away from them, and (B)[remained
chance we had of making the right choice. Is this berry / remain] alive afterward. In fact, we learned that the
the same shape as last time? The same size? If I know more certain we were about something, the better chance
for certain it is, my brain will direct me to eat it because we had of making the right choice. Is this berry the same
I know it’s safe. And if I’m uncertain, my brain will send shape as last time? The same size? If I know for certain
out a danger alert to protect me. The dependence on it is, my brain will direct me to eat it because I know it's
certainty all those millennia ago ensured our survival to safe. And if I'm uncertain, my brain will send out a
the present day, and the danger alert system continues danger alert to protect me. The dependence on certainty
to protect us. This is achieved by our brains labeling new, all those millennia ago, which ensured our survival to the
vague, or unpredictable everyday events and experiences present day, (C)[is / are] achieved by our brains labeling
as uncertain. Our brains then generate sensations, new, vague, or unpredictable everyday events and
thoughts, and action plans to keep us safe from the experiences as uncertain. Our brains then generate
uncertain element, and we live to see another day. sensations, thoughts, and action plans to keep us safe
* saber‑toothed tiger: 검치호(검 모양의 송곳니를 가진 from the uncertain element, and we live to see another
호랑이) day.

① Uncertainty - The Only Certainty in Life (A) (B) (C)

② Seeking Certainty in an Uncertain World ① it remain are
③ Decision-Making Under Uncertainty and Risk ② it remain is
④ The Role of Certainty in Ensuring Human Survival ③ it remained is
⑤ Survival: Human Adaptation to Extreme Conditions ④ them remained are
⑤ them remain is

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

Environments
[23년도 고2 3월 30번] ⑤ Statistical Models and Human Judgments as
Collaborators

31. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 어색한 것만을 있는 대

로 고른 것은?31)

Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a

33. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?33)

changing environment, it is not clear that consistency is Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that
always a virtue and that one of the advantages of human consistency as a virtue may not be clear in changing
judgment ⓐis the ability to detect change. Thus, in environments, and highlighted the advantage of human
changing environments, it might be advantageous ⓑto judgment in detecting change. They proposed that
combine human judgment and statistical models. considering human judgment when using statistical
Blattberg and Hoch examined this possibility by having models could be beneficial in such changing
supermarket managers ⓒforecasted demand for certain environments. To test this hypothesis, Blattberg and Hoch
products and then creating a composite forecast by conducted a study where supermarket managers provided
averaging these judgments with the forecasts of statistical demand forecasts for products, and these judgments were
models based on past data. The logic was that statistical averaged with statistical models based on past data to
models assume stable conditions and therefore cannot create a composite forecast. The rationale behind this
account for the effects on demand of novel events such approach was that statistical models assume stable
as actions ⓓtaken by competitors or the introduction of conditions and may not account for the effects of novel
new products. Humans, however, can incorporate these events, such as actions taken by competitors or the
novel factors in their judgments. The composite – or introduction of new products. In contrast, humans have
average of human judgments and statistical models – ⓔ the ability to ___________________________, distinguishing them
proving to be more accurate than either the statistical from statistical models. Therefore, the composite forecast,
models or the managers working alone. combining human judgments and statistical models, was
found to be more accurate than either of them or the
① ⓐ, ⓒ ② ⓑ, ⓓ ③ ⓒ, ⓔ managers working alone.
④ ⓐ, ⓑ, ⓓ ⑤ ⓑ, ⓒ, ⓔ *composite: 종합적인; 종합된 것

① assume stable conditions when assessing

32. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?32) ② assimilate these novel factors into their
decision-making process
Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a
③ obtain and analyze experimental data to test a
changing environment, it is not clear that consistency is
hypothesis
always a virtue and that one of the advantages of human
④ predict future in a changing environment with the
judgment is the ability to detect change. Thus, in
aid of computing technology
changing environments, it might be advantageous to
⑤ limit themselves to singular perspective and thus rely
combine human judgment and statistical models.
solely on conventional solutions
Blattberg and Hoch examined this possibility by having
supermarket managers forecast demand for certain
products and then creating a composite forecast by
averaging these judgments with the forecasts of statistical
models based on past data. The logic was that statistical
models assume stable conditions and therefore cannot
account for the effects on demand of novel events such
as actions taken by competitors or the introduction of
new products. Humans, however, can incorporate these
novel factors in their judgments. The composite - or
average of human judgments and statistical models -
proved to be more accurate than either the statistical
models or the managers working alone.

① Statistical Model: Conventional vs. Innovative

② Accept the Combination of Past and Future Data
③ How Seriously the Novel Factors Affect Marketing!
④ The Importance of Consistency in Changing

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

34. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 적절한 말을 <보기>의 단어를 이 35. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?35)
용하여 <조건>에 맞게 쓰시오.34)
Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a
Robert Blattberg and Steven Hoch noted that, in a changing environment, it is not clear that consistency is
changing environment, it is not clear that consistency is always a virtue and that one of the advantages of human
always a virtue and that one of the advantages of human judgment is the ability to detect change. Thus, in
judgment is the ability to detect change. Thus, in changing environments, it might be advantageous to
changing environments, ______________________________________. combine human judgment and statistical models.
Blattberg and Hoch examined this possibility by having Blattberg and Hoch examined this possibility by having
supermarket managers forecast demand for certain supermarket managers forecast demand for certain
products and then creating a composite forecast by products and then creating a composite forecast by
averaging these judgments with the forecasts of statistical averaging these judgments with the forecasts of statistical
models based on past data. The logic was that statistical models based on past data. The logic was that statistical
models assume stable conditions and therefore cannot models assume stable conditions and therefore cannot
account for the effects on demand of novel events such account for the effects on demand of novel events such
as actions taken by competitors or the introduction of as actions taken by competitors or the introduction of
new products. Humans, however, can incorporate these new products. Humans, however, can incorporate these
novel factors in their judgments. The composite ─ or novel factors in their judgments. The composite ─ or
average of human judgments and statistical models ─ average of human judgments and statistical models ─
proved to be more accurate than either the statistical proved to be more accurate than either the statistical
models or the managers working alone. models or the managers working alone.
*composite: 종합적인; 종합된 것
① Maintaining consistency may not always be beneficial
<보기> in a changing environment.
judgments / can / statistical / to / and / ② Combining human judgment and statistical models
be / improving / a combination / models / can offer advantages in changing environments.
use / effective / it / human / accuracy ③ Blattberg and Hoch requested supermarket managers
to make predictions about the demand for specific
<조건> products.
• <보기>에 주어진 단어를 모두 한 번씩 이용할 것 ④ Statistical models could not take into account the
• 전치사 2개를 본문에서 찾아 추가할 것 impact of unexpected events such as competitors’
• 어형 변화 없음 actions or the introduction of new products.
⑤ Combining the predictions of human judgment and
→ ______________________________________________________ statistical models led to reduced accuracy compared
______________________________________________________ to using only statistical models or relying on the
judgments of managers.

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38. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은?38)

[23년도 고2 3월 31번]
Free play is nature's means of teaching children that
they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children
36. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?36) really do have control and can practice asserting it. ⓐIn
Free play is nature's means of teaching children that free play, children learn to make their own decisions,
they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and
really do have control and can practice asserting it. In get along with others as equals rather than as obedient
free play, children learn to make their own decisions, or rebellious subordinates. ⓑIn active outdoor play,
solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and children deliberately dose themselves with moderate
get along with others as equals rather than as obedient amounts of fear and they thereby learn how to control
or rebellious subordinates. In active outdoor play, children not only their bodies, but also their fear. ⓒIn social play
deliberately dose themselves with moderate amounts of children learn how to negotiate with others, how to
fear and they thereby learn how to control not only their please others, and how to manage and overcome the
bodies, but also their fear. In social play children learn anger that can arise from conflicts. ⓓIn this type of play,
how to negotiate with others, how to please others, and actors and actresses perform various roles to show the
how to manage and overcome the anger that can arise audience what they want to convey. ⓔNone of these
from conflicts. None of these lessons can be taught lessons can be taught through verbal means; they can be
through verbal means; they can be learned only through learned only through experience, which free play provides.
experience, which free play provides.
① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
① The Value of Learning Through Verbal Instruction
② Choices for Children: Why and How to Let Children
Decide 39. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?39)
③ Balancing Fun and Learning by Creating an Engaging
Free play is nature's means of teaching children that
Experience
they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children
④ The Crucial Role of Free Play in Children’s Growth
really do have control and can practice asserting it. In
and Learning
free play, children learn to make their own decisions,
⑤ Free Play: an Effective Way to Increase Children’s
solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and
Academic Success
get along with others as equals rather than as obedient
or rebellious subordinates. In active outdoor play, children
deliberately dose themselves with moderate amounts of
37. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은?37) fear and they thereby learn how to control not only their
Free play is nature’s means of teaching children that bodies, but also their fear. In social play children learn
they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children how to negotiate with others, how to please others, and
really do have control and can practice asserting it. ⓐIn how to manage and overcome the anger that can arise
free play, children learn to make their own decisions, from conflicts. None of these lessons can be taught
solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and through verbal means; they can be learned only through
get along with others as equals rather than as obedient experience, which free play provides.
or rebellious subordinates. ⓑIn active outdoor play,
children deliberately dose themselves with moderate ① importance of play in children’s leaning
amounts of fear and they thereby learn how to control ② positive aspects of raising children in nature
not only their bodies, but also their fear. ⓒIn social play ③ essential components to grow as a holistic person
children learn how to negotiate with others, how to ④ ways to build children’s confidence and self-esteem
please others, and how to manage and overcome the ⑤ steps in helping children to overcome fear through
anger that can arise from conflicts. ⓓWith a little play
imagination and effort there are many other things you
can do to enable more free play for children. ⓔNone of
these lessons can be taught through verbal means; they
can be learned only through experience, which free play
provides.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

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40. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A)를 <조건>에 맞게 영작하시오.40)

Free play is nature's means of teaching children that

they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children
really do have control and can practice asserting it. In
free play, children learn to make their own decisions,
solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and
get along with others as equals rather than as obedient
or rebellious subordinates. In active outdoor play, children
deliberately dose themselves with moderate amounts of
fear and they thereby learn how to control not only their
bodies, but also their fear. In social play children learn
how to negotiate with others, how to please others, and
how to manage and overcome the anger that can arise
from conflicts. (A)아이들은 언어적인 수단을 통해서가 아니
라 자유놀이의 경험을 통해서 이러한 기술들을 배울 수 있
다.

<조건>
· 주어진 <보기>에 주어진 어구를 한 번씩 모두 사용할 것.
단, <보기>의 단어들은 한 번 이상 쓸 수 있음.
· 필요시 어형 변화 할 것
· 부분 점수 없음

<보기>
but / learn / free play / these skills /
children / through / means / experience /
not / can / verbal / of

→ ______________________________________________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

43. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?43)

[23년도 고2 3월 32번]
Many early dot‑com investors focused almost entirely on
revenue growth instead of net income. Many early
41. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?41) dot‑com companies earned most of their revenue from
Many early dot‑com investors focused almost entirely on selling advertising space on their Web sites. To boost
revenue growth instead of net income. Many early reported revenue, some sites began exchanging ad space.
dot‑com companies earned most of their revenue from Company A would put an ad for its Web site on
selling advertising space on their Web sites. company B's Web site, and company B would put an ad
for its Web site on company A's Web site. No money
(A) This practice did little to boost net income and ever changed hands, but each company recorded revenue
resulted in no additional cash inflow ─ but it did boost (for the value of the space that it gave up on its site)
reported revenue. This practice was quickly put to an end and expense (for the value of its ad that it placed on the
because accountants felt that it did not meet the criteria other company's site). This practice did little to boost net
of the revenue recognition principle. income and resulted in no additional cash inflow ─ but
it did boost reported revenue. This practice was quickly
(B) To boost reported revenue, some sites began put to an end because accountants felt that it did not
exchanging ad space. Company A would put an ad for its meet the criteria of the revenue recognition principle.
Web site on company B's Web site, and company B
would put an ad for its Web site on company A's Web ① A lot of early investors put more importance on net
site. income than revenue growth.
② Dot-com companies’ exchanging ad space was very
(C) No money ever changed hands, but each company effective in improving net income.
recorded revenue (for the value of the space that it gave ③ As for earning revenue, selling ad space was not a
up on its site) and expense (for the value of its ad that main source for early dot-com companies.
it placed on the other company's site). ④ The practice of trading ad space was discontinued
soon because the revenue recognition principle’s
① (A)-(C)-(B) ② (B)-(A)-(C) requirements had not been met.
③ (B)-(C)-(A) ④ (C)-(A)-(B) ⑤ Dot-com companies recorded expense as well as
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A) revenue by giving up the value of the space on their
Web sites.

42. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?42)

Many early dot‑com investors focused almost entirely on

revenue growth instead of net income. Many early
dot‑com companies earned most of their revenue from
selling advertising space on their Web sites. To ⓐincrease
reported revenue, some sites began exchanging ad space.
Company A would put an ad for its Web site on
company B's Web site, and company B would put an ad
for its Web site on company A's Web site. No money
ever ⓑchanged hands, but each company ⓒrecorded
revenue (for the value of the space that it gave up on its
site) and expense (for the value of its ad that it placed
on the other company's site). In other words, this practice
did ⓓlittle to generate seemingly more revenue without
additional cash inflow. Companies soon ⓔbroke the
tradition because accountants felt that it did not meet
the criteria of the revenue recognition principle.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

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44. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?44) 45. 다음 글의 Dot-corm companies에 관한 내용과 일치하지
않는 것은?45)
Many early dot‑com investors focused almost entirely on
revenue growth rather than net income. Many early Many early dot com investors focused almost entirely on
dot‑com companies earned most of their revenue from revenue growth instead of net income. Many early dot
selling advertising space on their Web sites. For the com companies earned most of their revenue from selling
purpose of boosting reported revenue, some sites began advertising space on their Web sites. To boost reported
to exchange ad space. Company A would put an ad for revenue, some sites began exchanging ad space.
its Web site on company B's Web site, and company B Company A would put an ad for its Web site on
would put an ad for its Web site on company A's Web company B's Web site, and company B would put an ad
site. No money ever changed hands, but each company for its Web site on company A's Web site. No money
recorded revenue (for the value of the space that it gave ever changed hands, but each company recorded revenue
up on its site) and expense (for the value of its ad that (for the value of the space that it gave up on its site)
it placed on the other company's site). As a result, this and expense (for the value of its ad that it placed on the
practice did little to increase net income and did not other company's site). This practice did little to boost net
result in any additional cash flow ─ but it income and resulted in no additional cash inflow - but it
__________________________________________________. This practice did boost reported revenue. This practice was quickly put
quickly disappeared because accountants felt that it did to an end because accountants felt that it did not meet
not meet the criteria of the revenue recognition principle. the criteria of the revenue recognition principle.

① had no effect on revenue growth ① 초기 수익의 대부분은 주로 웹사이트 광고로 창출되었

② benefited only one of the two companies 다.
③ contributed to an increase in reported revenue ② 웹사이트 광고를 다른 웹사이트에 서로 게재하기도 했
④ made dot-com companies lose reported revenue 다.
⑤ led more and more companies to rely on net ③ 사이트간 상호게재는 광고 공간의 가치 상승을 가져왔
income 다.
④ 사이트간 상호게재는 닷컴의 순수익 증가를 가져왔다.
⑤ 닷컴의 상호 게재 관행은 수익기준 불충족으로 종식되
었다.

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

lots and lots of people believe in the world. Conversely, a

[23년도 고2 3월 33번] virtual world cannot be long sustained by a mere handful
of adherents.
* adherent: 추종자
46. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A)가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것
은?46)
① (A)-(C)-(B) ② (B)-(A)-(C)
Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives
③ (B)-(C)-(A) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)
structure and meaning to human life; that meaning is
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
amplified when a myth evolves into a world. A virtual
world's ability to fulfill needs grows when lots and lots of
people believe in the world. Conversely, a virtual world
cannot be long sustained by a mere handful of
48. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
은?48)
adherents. Consider the difference between a global sport
and a game I invent with my nine friends and play Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives
regularly. My game might be a great game, one that is structure and meaning to human life; that meaning is
completely immersive, one that consumes all of my (A)____________ when a myth evolves into a world. A virtual
group's time and attention. If its reach is limited to the world's ability to fulfill needs grows when lots and lots of
ten of us, though, then it's ultimately just a weird hobby, people believe in the world. Conversely, a virtual world
and it has limited social function. For a virtual world to cannot be long sustained by a mere handful of
provide lasting, wide‑ranging value, its participants must adherents. Consider the difference between a global sport
be a large enough group to be considered a society. and a game I invent with my nine friends and play
When (A)that threshold is reached, psychological value regularly. My game might be a great game, one that is
can turn into wide‑ranging social value. completely (B)____________, one that consumes all of my
group's time and attention. If its reach is limited to the
① the moment when a virtual world moves from a ten of us, though, then it's ultimately just a weird hobby,
public space to a private one. and it has limited social function. For a virtual world to
② the emotional and mental benefits that people gain provide lasting, wide‑ranging value, its participants must
from playing self-made games. be a large enough group to be considered a society.
③ a physical barrier or doorway that one must pass When that threshold is reached, psychological value can
through in order to enter a virtual world turn into wide‑ranging social value.
④ the point at which a virtual world had enough *adherent: 추종자 **threshold: 기준
participants or members to be considered a society
⑤ the dividing line between a hobby enjoyed by a (A) (B)
handful of adherents and a virtual world with only a ① investigated vague
few users ② reduced effective
③ retained functional
④ amplified immersive
⑤ ejected reasonable
47. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?47)

Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives

structure and meaning to human life.

(A) Consider the difference between a global sport and a

game I invent with my nine friends and play regularly.
My game might be a great game, one that is completely
immersive, one that consumes all of my group’s time and
attention.

(B) If its reach is limited to the ten of us, though, then

it’s ultimately just a weird hobby, and it has limited social
function. For a virtual world to provide lasting, wide
ranging value, its participants must be a large enough
group to be considered a society.

(C) That meaning is amplified when a myth evolves into a

world. A virtual world’s ability to fulfill needs grows when

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

49. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?49) 50. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?50)

Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives
structure and meaning to human life; that meaning is structure and meaning to human life; that meaning is
amplified when a myth evolves into a world. A virtual amplified when a myth evolves into a world. A virtual
world's ability to fulfill needs grows when lots and lots of world's ability to fulfill needs grows when lots and lots of
people believe in the world. Conversely, a virtual world people believe in the world.
cannot be long sustained by a mere handful of
adherents. Consider the difference between a global sport (A) For a virtual world to provide lasting, wide‑ranging
and a game I invent with my nine friends and play value, its participants must be a large enough group to
regularly. My game might be a great game, one that is be considered a society. When that threshold is reached,
completely immersive, one that consumes all of my psychological value can turn into wide‑ranging social
group's time and attention. If its reach is limited to the value.
ten of us, though, then it's ultimately just a weird hobby,
and it has limited social function. For a virtual world to (B) My game might be a great game, one that is
provide lasting, wide‑ranging value, its participants must completely immersive, one that consumes all of my
be a large enough group to be considered a society. group's time and attention. If its reach is limited to the
When that threshold is reached, psychological value can ten of us, though, then it's ultimately just a weird hobby,
turn into wide‑ranging social value. and it has limited social function.

① 신화가 하나의 세계로 진화할 때 삶의 의미가 확장된 (C) Conversely, a virtual world cannot be long sustained
다. by a mere handful of adherents. Consider the difference
② 전 세계적인 스포츠는 폭넓고 중요한 사회적 기능을 한 between a global sport and a game I invent with my
다. nine friends and play regularly.
③ 게임은 몰입감이 높다는 점에서 심리적 가치가 있는 취
미가 될 수 있다. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ② (B)-(A)-(C)
④ 가상세계는 충분히 많은 사람들이 참여할 때 지속적인 ③ (B)-(C)-(A) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)
사회적 가치를 갖게 된다. ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
⑤ 가상세계가 신화적 가치를 얻기 위해서는 누구나 인정
하는 종교적 가치가 있어야 한다.

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
[23년도 고2 3월 34번] It seems natural to describe certain environmental
conditions as 'extreme', 'harsh', 'benign' or 'stressful'. It
51. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 may seem obvious when conditions are 'extreme': the
은?51) midday heat of a desert, the cold of an Antarctic winter,
It seems natural to describe certain environmental the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But this only means
conditions as 'extreme', 'harsh', 'benign' or 'stressful'. It that these conditions are extreme for us, given our
may seem obvious when conditions are 'extreme': the particular physiological characteristics and tolerances. To a
midday heat of a desert, the cold of an Antarctic winter, cactus there is nothing extreme about the desert
the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But this only means conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy
that these conditions are extreme for us, given our lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins.
particular physiological characteristics and tolerances. To a It is lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that
cactus there is nothing extreme about the desert all other organisms sense the environment in the way we
conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy do. Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a worm's‑eye
lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins. or plant's‑eye view of the environment: to see the world
(A)___________ that all other organisms feel the as others see it. Emotive words like harsh and benign,
environment in the same way as humans is risky for even relativities such as hot and cold, should be used by
ecologists. Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a ecologists only with care.
worm's‑eye or plant's‑eye view of the environment: to see
the world as others see it. Emotive words like harsh and 52. 위 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?52)
benign, even relativities such as hot and cold, should be ① types of extreme environmental conditions that
used by ecologists (B)___________. organisms sense
*benign: 온화한 **salinity: 염도 ② interactions of organisms and their environment in
ecosystem
(A) (B) ③ the effect of emotive words that describe the
① Denying gradually characteristics of organisms.
② Ignoring carefully ④ tolerances of organisms that have evolved to endure
③ Believing cautiously harsh environmental conditions
④ Assuming frequently ⑤ the need for ecologists to adopt the perspectives of
⑤ Supposing unconditionally other organisms and be careful in their language

53. 위 글의 내용을 바탕으로 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말을 <조

건>에 맞게 쓰시오.53)

Since the word like ‘extreme’ in certain environmental

conditions is an expression (A)_____________________,
______________________ the term (B)____________________________.

<조건>
· (A)에 주어진 단어들을 빈칸 (A)에, (B)에 주어진 단어들만
을 빈칸 (B)에 모두 한 번씩 사용할 것
· (A), (B)에 들어갈 단어의 어형 변화 모두 가능
· 어법 오류 시 오답 처리

<보기>
(A): apply / other / not / only / us / that / to / to
organisms
(B): be / consider / ecologists / use / careful /
should / by / with

(A): __________________________, _________________________

(B): _____________________________________________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

54. 다음 글의 내용을 요약하고자 할 때, 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈

말로 가장 적절한 것은?54) (A) (B) (C)
① uncertain physiological contamination
It seems natural to describe certain environmental
② obvious psychological contamination
conditions as ‘extreme’, ‘harsh’, ‘benign’ or ‘stressful’. It
③ uncertain psychological environment
may seem obvious when conditions are ‘extreme’: the
④ obvious physiological environment
midday heat of a desert, the cold of an Antarctic winter,
⑤ uncertain physiological environment
the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But this only means
that these conditions are extreme for us, given our
particular physiological characteristics and tolerances. To a
cactus there is nothing extreme about the desert 56. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?56)
conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy It seems natural to describe certain environmental
lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins. conditions as 'extreme', 'harsh', 'benign' or 'stressful'.
It is lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that
all other organisms sense the environment in the way we (A) It may seem obvious when conditions are 'extreme':
do. Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a worm’s‑eye the midday heat of a desert, the cold of an Antarctic
or plant’s‑eye view of the environment: to see the world winter, the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But this only
as others see it. Emotive words like harsh and benign, means that these conditions are extreme for us, given our
even relativities such as hot and cold, should be used by particular physiological characteristics and tolerances.
ecologists only with care.
* benign: 온화한 ** salinity: 염도 (B) To a cactus there is nothing extreme about the desert
↓ conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy
Environmental conditions are (A)_______________; ecologists lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins.
should (B)_______________ assuming all organisms perceive It is lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that
them as humans do. all other organisms sense the environment in the way we
do.
(A) (B)
① objective avoid (C) Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a worm's‑eye
② subjective avoid or plant's‑eye view of the environment: to see the world
③ valuable watch as others see it. Emotive words like harsh and benign,
④ objective accept even relativities such as hot and cold, should be used by
⑤ subjective accept ecologists only with care.

① (A)-(B)-(C) ② (A)-(C)-(B) ③ (B)-(A)-(C)

55. 다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 문맥에 맞는 표현으로 ④ (B)-(C)-(A) ⑤ (C)-(A)-(B)
가장 적절한 것은?55)

It seems natural to describe certain environmental

conditions as 'extreme', 'harsh', 'benign' or 'stressful'. It
may seem (A)[uncertain / obvious] when conditions are
'extreme': the midday heat of a desert, the cold of an
Antarctic winter, the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But
this only means that these conditions are extreme for us,
given our particular (B)[physiological / psychological]
characteristics and tolerances. To a cactus there is nothing
extreme about the desert conditions in which cacti have
evolved; nor are the icy lands of Antarctica an extreme
environment for penguins. It is lazy and dangerous for
the ecologist to assume that all other organisms sense
the environment in the way we do. Rather, the ecologist
should try to gain a worm's‑eye or plant's‑eye view of the
(C)[contamination / environment]: to see the world as
others see it. Emotive words like harsh and benign, even
relativities such as hot and cold, should be used by
ecologists only with care.
*benign: 온화한 **salinity: 염도

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

59. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?59)

[23년도 고2 3월 35번]
Human processes differ from rational processes in their
outcome. A process is rational if it always does the right
57. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?57) thing based on the current information, given an ideal
Human processes differ from rational processes in their performance measure. In short, rational processes go by
outcome. A process is rational if it always does the right the book and assume that the book is actually correct.
thing based on the current information, given an ideal human processes involve instinct, intuition, and other
performance measure. In short, rational processes go by variables that don’t necessarily reflect the book and may
the book and assume that the book is actually correct. not even consider the existing data. As an example, the
Human processes involve instinct, intuition, and other rational way to drive a car is to always follow the laws.
variables that don't necessarily reflect the book and may However, traffic isn’t rational; if you follow the laws
not even consider the existing data. As an example, the precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because other
rational way to drive a car is to always follow the laws. drivers aren’t following the laws precisely. Therefore, a
However, traffic isn't rational; if you follow the laws successful self-driving car ___________________________________.
precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because other
drivers aren't following the laws precisely. To be ① must act not rationally but humanly
successful, a self-driving car must therefore _______________. ② always needs to put pedestrians first
③ must observe traffic regulations strictly
① drive spontaneously based on the given ④ should be based on accumulated information
circumstances ⑤ should take ideal measure into consideration
② follow the precise traffic law no matter what happens
③ perform safe driving without any mistakes
④ be installed with high-end AI technology 60. 다음 글의 흐름에 맞게 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 연결사를 적
⑤ react rationally, rather than humanly 으시오.60)

Human processes differ from rational processes in their

outcome. A process is rational if it always does the right
58. 다음 글의 문맥상 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 thing based on the current information, given an ideal
것은?58) performance measure. (A)_____________, rational processes
Human processes differ from rational processes in their go by the book and assume that the book is actually
outcome. A process is rational if it always does the right correct. Human processes involve instinct, intuition, and
thing based on the current information, given an ideal other variables that don't necessarily reflect the book and
performance measure. In short, rational processes go by may not even consider the existing data. As an example,
the book and assume that the book is actually correct. the rational way to drive a car is to always follow the
Human processes involve instinct, intuition, and other laws. (B)_____________, traffic isn't rational; if you follow the
variables that don't necessarily reflect the book and may laws precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because
not even consider the existing data. As an example, the other drivers aren't following the laws precisely. To be
rational way to drive a car is to always follow the laws. successful, a self‑driving car must therefore act humanly,
However, traffic isn't rational; if you follow the laws rather than rationally.
precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because other
drivers aren't following the laws precisely. To be (A): ______________________
successful, a self‑driving car must therefore act (B): ______________________
(A)____________, rather than (B)____________.

(A) (B)
① humanly rationally
② ideally humanly
③ rationally precisely
④ precisely humanly
⑤ humanly intuitively

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

61. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾아 조건

에 맞게 쓰시오.61)

Human processes differ from rational processes in their

outcome. A process is rational if it always does the right
thing based on the current information, given an ideal
performance measure. In short, rational processes go by
the book and assume that the book is actually correct.
Human processes involve instinct, intuition, and other
variables that don't necessarily reflect the book and may
not even consider the existing data. As an example, the
rational way to drive a car is to always follow the laws.
However, traffic isn't rational; if you follow the laws
precisely, you end up stuck somewhere because other
drivers aren't following the laws precisely. Understanding
this helps when developing self-driving cars; to be
successful, a self-driving car must therefore act on
(A)____________ processes, rather than on (B)____________
processes.

<조건>
• 어형 변화 없음

(A): _____________________ (B): _____________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

64. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓕ에 대한 설명으로 적절하지 않은

[23년도 고2 3월 36번] 것은?64)

Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum of

62. 다음 글의 내용을 요약하고자 할 때, 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 easy-to-change and hard-to-change. When you get
말로 가장 적절한 것은?62) toward the "hard" end of the ⓐspectrum, note the
Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum of language you hear - breaking bad habits and battling
easy‑to‑change and hard‑to‑change. When you get toward addiction. It's as if ⓑan unwanted behavior is a nefarious
the “hard” end of the spectrum, note the language you villain to be defeated. Here the problem is ⓒour
hear - breaking bad habits and battling addiction. It’s as challenges can be framed by this kind of language in ⓓa
if an unwanted behavior is a nefarious villain to be way that isn't helpful or effective. I specifically hope we
aggressively defeated. But this kind of language (and the will stop using this phrase: "break a habit." ⓔThis
approaches it spawns) frames these challenges in a way language misguides people. The word "break" sets the
that isn’t helpful or effective. I specifically hope we will wrong expectation for how you get rid of a bad habit.
stop using this phrase: “break a habit.” This language This word implies that ⓕif you input a lot of force in
misguides people. The word “break” sets the wrong one moment, the habit will be gone. However, that rarely
expectation for how you get rid of a bad habit. This works, because you usually cannot get rid of an
word implies that if you input a lot of force in one unwanted habit by applying force one time.
moment, the habit will be gone. However, that rarely
works, because you usually cannot get rid of an ① ⓐ is used as a similar meaning to 'continuum' in the
unwanted habit by applying force one time. context.
↓ ② ⓑ refers to 'a bad habit' contextually.
Some kind of language such as “breaking a habit” ③ ⓒ is defined as 'to stop using the specific phrases.'
misguides people by setting (A)_______________ expectations ④ ⓓ can be explained through ⓕ.
and fails to recognize the (B)_______________ process of ⑤ 'Breaking a habit' or 'battling addiction' can be an
getting rid of unwanted habits. example of ⓔ.

(A) (B)
① realistic instant 65. 다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
② realistic gradual 가장 적절한 것은?65)
③ unrealistic instant Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum of
④ unrealistic gradual easy‑to‑change and hard‑to‑change. When you get toward
⑤ irrational efficient the "hard" end of the spectrum, note the language you
hear - breaking bad habits and battling addiction. It's as
if an unwanted behavior is a nefarious villain to be
63. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 어색한 것을 모두 고르면? (2 aggressively defeated. But this kind of language (and the
개)63) approaches it spawns) frames these challenges in a way
Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum of that is (A)[adverse / advantageous]. I specifically hope we
easy‑to‑change and hard‑to‑change. When you get toward will stop using this phrase: "break a habit." This language
the "hard" end of the spectrum, note the language you (B)[misleads / enlightens] people. The word "break" sets
hear - breaking bad habits and ⓐbattle addiction. It's as the wrong expectation for how you get rid of a bad
if an unwanted behavior is a nefarious villain to be habit. This word implies that if you input a lot of force in
aggressively ⓑdefeated. But this kind of language (and one moment, the habit will be gone. However, that
the approaches it spawns) frames these challenges ⓒin a (C)[fully / hardly] works, because you usually cannot get
way that isn't helpful or effective. I specifically hope we rid of an unwanted habit by applying force one time.
will stop using this phrase: "break a habit." This language
misguides people. The word "break" sets the wrong (A) (B) (C)
expectation for ⓓwhat you get rid of a bad habit. This ① adverse misleads hardly
word implies that if you input a lot of force in one ② adverse enlightens hardly
moment, the habit ⓔwill be gone. However, that rarely ③ adverse misleads fully
works, because you usually cannot get rid of an ④ advantageous enlightens fully
unwanted habit by applying force one time. ⑤ advantageous misleads hardly
*spawn: 낳다 **nefarious: 사악한

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

66. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것을 있는 대로 고른 것은?66)

Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum of

easy to change and hard to change. When you get
toward the “hard” end of the spectrum, not the language
you hear – breaking bad habits and battling addiction.
It’s as if an ⓐunwanted behavior is a nefarious villain to
be aggressively ⓑdefeated. But this kind of language
(and the approaches it spawns) ⓒframes these challenges
in a way that isn’t helpful or effective. I specifically hope
we will stop using this phrase: “break a habit.” This
language ⓓassesses people. The word “break” sets the
wrong expectation for how you get rid of a bad habit.
This word implies that if you ⓔoutput a lot of force in
one moment, the habit will be gone. However, that ⓕ
rarely works, because you usually cannot get rid of an
unwanted habit by ⓖapplying force one time.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ, ⓖ ③ ⓓ, ⓔ
④ ⓒ, ⓔ ⑤ ⓓ, ⓕ

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

69. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적

[23년도 고2 3월 37번] 절한 곳은?69)

You should be able to see by now that reasons are

67. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?67) ultimately based on non-reason such as values, feelings,
or emotions.
A common but incorrect assumption is that we are
creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of
A common but incorrect assumption is that we are
both reason and emotion. We cannot ___________________
creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of
since any reason always eventually leads to a feeling.
both reason and emotion. We cannot get by on reason
Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a chocolate cereal? I
alone since any reason always eventually leads to a
can list all the reasons I want, but the reasons have to
feeling. Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a chocolate
be based on something. For example, if my goal is to eat
cereal? (A) I can list all the reasons I want, but the
healthy, I can choose the wholegrain cereal, but what is
reasons have to be based on something. (B) For example,
my reason for wanting to be healthy? I can list more and
if my goal is to eat healthy, I can choose the wholegrain
more reasons such as wanting to live longer, spending
cereal, but what is my reason for wanting to be healthy?
more quality time with loved ones, etc., but what are the
(C) I can list more and more reasons such as wanting to
reasons for those reasons? You should be able to see by
live longer, spending more quality time with loved ones,
now that reasons are ultimately based on non‑reason
etc., but what are the reasons for those reasons? (D)
such as values, feelings, or emotions. These deep‑seated
These deep-seated values, feelings, and emotions we have
values, feelings, and emotions we have are rarely a result
are rarely a result of reasoning, but can certainly be
of reasoning, but can certainly be influenced by
influenced by reasoning. (E) We have values, feelings, and
reasoning. We have values, feelings, and emotions before
emotions before we begin to reason and long before we
we begin to reason and long before we begin to reason
begin to reason effectively.
effectively.

① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E
① be too emotional
② solely rely on reason
③ combine reason and emotion
④ use our imperfect reasoning skills 70. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은?70)

⑤ make a decision when we are in trouble A common but incorrect assumption is that we are
creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of
both reason and emotion. We cannot get by on reason
68. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 어색한 것은?68) alone since any reason always eventually leads to a
feeling. Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a chocolate
A common but incorrect assumption is that we are
cereal? ⓐI can list all the reasons I want, but the reasons
creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of
have to be based on something. ⓑFor example, if my
both reason ⓐand emotion. We cannot get by on reason
goal is to eat healthy, I can choose the wholegrain cereal,
alone since any reason always eventually ⓑlead to a
but what is my reason for wanting to be healthy? ⓒ
feeling. Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a chocolate
Foods like wholegrain cereals, especially organic ones,
cereal? I can list all the reasons I want, but the reasons
contribute to good health. ⓓI can list more and more
have to be based on something. For example, if my goal
reasons such as wanting to live longer, spending more
is to eat healthy, I can choose the wholegrain cereal, but
quality time with loved ones, etc., but what are the
what is my reason for ⓒwanting to be healthy? I can list
reasons for those reasons? ⓔYou should be able to see
more and more reasons such as wanting to ⓓlive longer,
by now that reasons are ultimately based on non‑reason
spending more quality time with loved ones, etc., but
such as values, feelings, or emotions. We have values,
what are the reasons for those reasons? You should be
feelings, and emotions before we begin to reason and
able to see by now that reasons are ultimately based on
long before we begin to reason effectively.
non‑reason such as values, feelings, or emotions. These
deep‑seated values, feelings, and emotions ⓔthat we have
① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
are rarely a result of reasoning, but can certainly be
influenced by reasoning. We have values, feelings, and
emotions before we begin to reason and long before we
begin to reason effectively.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

71. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?71)

A common but incorrect assumption is that we are

creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of
both reason and emotion. We cannot get by on reason
alone since any reason always eventually leads to a
feeling. Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a chocolate
cereal? I can list all the reasons I want, but the reasons
have to be based on something. For example, if my goal
is to eat healthy, I can choose the wholegrain cereal, but
what is my reason for wanting to be healthy? I can list
more and more reasons such as wanting to live longer,
spending more quality time with loved ones, etc., but
what are the reasons for those reasons? You should be
able to see by now that reasons are ultimately based on
non-reason such as values, feelings, or emotions. These
deep-seated values, feelings, and emotions we have are
rarely a result of reasoning, but can certainly be
influenced by reasoning. We have values, feelings, and
emotions before we begin to reason and long before we
begin to reason effectively.

① Reason and emotion do not influence human

behavior
② The difference between values, feelings, and emotions
③ The importance of reasoning in human decision
making
④ The limitations of human reasoning in decision
making
⑤ The interplay between reason and emotion in human
decision making

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

decreases the risk of interference.

[23년도 고2 3월 38번]
① 전기 신호가 방출되면 머리에 비해 전기 기관이 음전하
를 띠고 물고기 주위에 전기장이 생긴다.
72. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A)가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것
② 전기 기관 안에서 근육 세포는 더 큰 덩어리로 연결되
은?72)
어 있으며, 이는 일반 근육에서보다 총 전류 강도를 더
Electric communication is mainly known in fish. The
크게 만든다.
electric signals are produced in special electric organs.
③ 물고기는 전기장의 형태나 방출 주파수를 변화시켜 신
When the signal is discharged the electric organ will be
호를 다양하게 한다.
negatively loaded compared to the head and an electric
④ 신호 체계를 사용하는 종들은 흔히 큰 무리를 지어 다
field is created around the fish. A weak electric current is
른 여러 종과 함께 산다.
created also in ordinary muscle cells when they contract.
⑤ 도달 범위가 짧기 때문에 많은 물고기가 동시에 신호를
In the electric organ the muscle cells are connected in
보내면 간섭의 가능성이 높아진다.
larger chunks, which makes the total current intensity
larger than in ordinary muscles. The fish varies the signals
by changing the form of the electric field or the
frequency of discharging. The system is only working over
74. 다음 글의 물고기의 전기적 의사소통에 관한 내용과 일치하
지 않는 것은?74)
small distances, about one to two meters. This is (A)an
advantage since the species using the signal system often Electric communication is mainly known in fish. The
live in large groups with several other species. If many electric signals are produced in special electric organs.
fish send out signals at the same time, the short range When the signal is discharged the electric organ will be
decreases the risk of interference. negatively loaded compared to the head and an electric
field is created around the fish. A weak electric current is
① the benefit or reduced interference in communication created also in ordinary muscle cells when they contract.
due to the limited range of the electric signals of fish In the electric organ the muscle cells are connected in
② the optimized current production abilities of fish and larger chunks, which makes the total current intensity
the distinct strength displayed by the electric signals larger than in ordinary muscles. The fish varies the signals
③ the excellent adaptability of fish using consistent by changing the form of the electric field or the
frequencies to live in dense and diverse aquatic frequency of discharging. The system is only working over
environments small distances, about one to two meters. This is an
④ the effect of sending electric signals to the furthest advantage since the species using the signal system often
fish, even when in a large scale with many other live in large groups with several other species. If many
species fish send out signals at the same time, the short range
⑤ the diversity of the fish’s signaling system to prevent decreases the risk of interference.
collisions with other species and avoid interfering with
their path ① 전기신호는 특수한 기관에서 만들어진다.
② 신호가 방출되면 물고기 주변에 전기장이 생성된다.
③ 일반 근육세포에는 전류가 발생되지 않는다.
④ 전기신호는 전기장의 형태나 방출 빈도에 따라 다양해
73. 다음 글의 물고기의 전기적 의사소통에 대한 내용과 일치하
진다.
지 않는 것은?73)
⑤ 전기신호 체계는 짧은 거리 내에서만 작동한다.
Electric communication is mainly known in fish. The
electric signals are produced in special electric organs.
When the signal is discharged the electric organ will be
negatively loaded compared to the head and an electric
field is created around the fish. A weak electric current is
created also in ordinary muscle cells when they contract.
In the electric organ the muscle cells are connected in
larger chunks, which makes the total current intensity
larger than in ordinary muscles. The fish varies the signals
by changing the form of the electric field or the
frequency of discharging. The system is only working over
small distances, about one to two meters. This is an
advantage since the species using the signal system often
live in large groups with several other species. If many
fish send out signals at the same time, the short range

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

75. 다음 글의 내용을 바르게 이해하고 있는 것을 있는 대로 고 76. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?76)

른 것은?75)
Electric communication is mainly known in fish. The
Electric communication is mainly known in fish. The electric signals are produced in special electric organs.
electric signals are produced in special electric organs. When the signal is discharged the electric organ will be
When the signal is discharged the electric organ will be negatively loaded compared to the head and an electric
negatively loaded compared to the head and an electric field is created around the fish. A weak electric current is
field is created around the fish. A weak electric current is created also in ordinary muscle cells when they contract.
created also in ordinary muscle cells when they contract. In the electric organ the muscle cells are connected in
In the electric organ the muscle cells are connected in larger chunks, which makes the total current intensity
larger chunks, which makes the total current intensity larger than in ordinary muscles. The fish varies the signals
larger than in ordinary muscles. The fish varies the signals by changing the form of the electric field or the
by changing the form of the electric field or the frequency of discharging. The system is only working over
frequency of discharging. The system is only working over small distances, about one to two meters. Considering the
small distances, about one to two meters. This is an fact that the species using the signal system often live in
advantage since the species using the signal system often large groups with several other species, this can be
live in large groups with several other species. If many regarded as ______________. If many fish send out signals at
fish send out signals at the same time, the short range the same time, the short range decreases the risk of
decreases the risk of interference. interference.

ⓐ An electric field around the fish helps discharge ① fragile ② defensive ③ aggressive
electric signals. ④ ineffective ⑤ beneficial
ⓑ The fish has special electric organs which produce
electric signals.
ⓒ The fish varies the electric signals by changing colors
of its organs.
ⓓ The short range signal system of the fish is
advantageous as it lives in tiny groups.
ⓔ The muscles cells in the electric organ are the only
cells where an electric current can be created.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓑ,ⓔ
④ ⓐ,ⓒ,ⓓ ⑤ ⓑ,ⓓ,ⓔ

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

experiment.
[23년도 고2 3월 39번]
① (A)-(B)-(C) ② (A)-(C)-(B) ③ (B)-(A)-(C)
④ (C)-(A)-(B) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
77. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
않은 것은?77)

Creativity can have an effect on productivity. Creativity

leads some individuals to recognize problems that others
79. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?79)

do not see, but which may be very difficult. Charles Creativity can have an effect on productivity. Creativity
Darwin’s approach to the speciation problem is a ⓐgood leads some individuals to recognize problems that others
example of this; he chose a very difficult and tangled do not see, but which may be very difficult. Charles
problem, speciation, which led him into a ⓑlong period Darwin's approach to the speciation problem is a good
of data collection and deliberation. This choice of example of this; he chose a very difficult and tangled
problem did not allow for a quick attack or a simple problem, speciation, which led him into a long period of
experiment. In such cases creativity may actually ⓒ data collection and deliberation. This choice of problem
increase productivity (as measured by publication counts) did not allow for a quick attack or a simple experiment.
because effort is focused on difficult problems. For others, In such cases creativity may actually decrease productivity
whose creativity is more focused on methods and (as measured by publication counts) because effort is
technique, creativity may lead to solutions that drastically focused on difficult problems. For others, whose creativity
ⓓreduce the work necessary to solve a problem. We can is more focused on methods and technique, creativity
see an example in the development of the polymerase may lead to solutions that _________________________________.
chain reaction (PCR) which enables us to amplify small We can see an example in the development of the
pieces of DNA in a short time. This type of creativity polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which enables us to
might reduce the number of steps or substitute steps amplify small pieces of DNA in a short time. This type of
that are ⓔless likely to fail, thus increasing productivity. creativity might reduce the number of steps or substitute
* speciation: 종(種) 분화 steps that are less likely to fail, thus increasing
** polymerase chain reaction: 중합 효소 연쇄 반응 productivity.
*speciation: 종(種 )분화
① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ **polymerase chain reaction: 종합 효소 연쇄 반응

① drastically reduce the work necessary to solve a

78. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?78) problem
② make a difference in the lives of those who need us
Creativity can have an effect on productivity. Creativity
most
leads some individuals to recognize problems that others
③ focus on the mechanisms for collaborative
do not see, but which may be very difficult.
deliberation
④ develop the understanding of ethical and moral
(A) We can see an example in the development of the
issues
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which enables us to
⑤ explain all manufacturing processes in great details
amplify small pieces of DNA in a short time. This type of
creativity might reduce the number of steps or substitute
steps that are less likely to fail, thus increasing
productivity.

(B) In such cases creativity may actually decrease

productivity (as measured by publication counts) because
effort is focused on difficult problems. For others, whose
creativity is more focused on methods and technique,
creativity may lead to solutions that drastically reduce the
work necessary to solve a problem.

(C) Charles Darwin's approach to the speciation problem

is a good example of this; he chose a very difficult and
tangled problem, speciation, which led him into a long
period of data collection and deliberation. This choice of
problem did not allow for a quick attack or a simple

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

80. 다음 글의 내용을 바탕으로 빈칸 (A)~(D)에 들어갈 말을

<조건>에 맞게 쓰시오.80)

Creativity can have an effect on productivity. Creativity

leads some individuals to recognize problems that others
do not see, but which may be very difficult. Charles
Darwin's approach to the speciation problem is a good
example of this; he chose a very difficult and tangled
problem, speciation, which led him into a long period of
data collection and deliberation. This choice of problem
did not allow for a quick attack or a simple experiment.
In such cases creativity may actually decrease productivity
(as measured by publication counts) because effort is
focused on difficult problems. For others, whose creativity
is more focused on methods and technique, creativity
may lead to solutions that drastically reduce the work
necessary to solve a problem. We can see an example in
the development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
which enables us to amplify small pieces of DNA in a
short time. This type of creativity might reduce the
number of steps or substitute steps that are less likely to
fail, thus increasing productivity.
↓
Productivity can be influenced by (A)________. While
dealing with the (B)________ task like speciation, creativity
may decrease productivity due to the extensive (C)________
required, as observed in Charles Darwin’s example.
However, for those focusing on methodological creativity,
it can generate innovative solutions that (D)________ the
number of processes and increase productivity, as
demonstrated by the development of the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR).

<조건>
· 빈칸에 하나에 한 단어씩 쓸 것
· 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾을 것
· 어형 변화 불가
· 철자 및 어법 오류 시 오답 처리

(A): __________________________
(B): __________________________
(C): __________________________
(D): __________________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

alertness of the left-right axis

[23년도 고2 3월 40번] ③ the significance of distinguishing between left and
right is relatively low in nature
④ the response to the left-right axis should be faster
81. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
than the response to other spaces
적절한 곳은?81)
⑤ the perception of vertical versus horizontal influenced
The left‑right axis is not as relevant in nature.
the evolution of our spatial perception

A young child may be puzzled when asked to

distinguish between the directions of right and left. (A)
However, it's possible that the same child will have no
83. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
않은 것은?83)
trouble figuring out which way is up or down or
backward or forward. (B) According to scientists, this A young child may be puzzled when asked to ⓐ
takes place because, although we experience three distinguish between the directions of right and left. But
dimensions, only two had a strong influence on our that same child may have no difficulty in determining the
evolution: the vertical dimension as defined by gravity directions of up and down or back and front. Scientists
and, in mobile species, the front/back dimension as propose that this occurs because, although we experience
defined by the positioning of sensory and feeding three dimensions, only two had a strong influence on our
mechanisms. (C) These influence our perception of vertical evolution: the ⓑvertical dimension as defined by gravity
versus horizontal, far versus close, and the search for and, in mobile species, the front/back dimension as
dangers from above or below. (D) For example, a bear is defined by the positioning of sensory and feeding
equally dangerous from its left or the right side, but not mechanisms. These influence our perception of vertical
if it is upside down. (E) In fact, when observing a scene versus horizontal, far versus close, and the search for
containing plants, animals, and man‑made objects such as dangers from above us (such as an eagle) or ⓒbeneath
cars or street signs, we can only tell when left and right us (such as a snake). However, the left-right axis is not as
have been inverted if we observe those artificial items. ⓓsignificant in nature. A bear is equally dangerous from
* axis: 축 its left or the right side, but not if it is upside down. In
fact, when observing a scene containing plants, animals,
① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E and ⓔnatural objects such as cars or street signs, we can
only tell when left and right have been inverted if we
observe those artificial items.

82. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?82)

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
A young child may be puzzled when asked to
distinguish between the directions of right and left. But
that same child may have no difficulty in determining the
directions of up and down or back and front. Scientists
propose that this occurs because, although we experience
three dimensions, only two had a strong influence on our
evolution: the vertical dimension as defined by gravity
and, in mobile species, the front/back dimension as
defined by the positioning of sensory and feeding
mechanisms. These influence our perception of vertical
versus horizontal, far versus close, and the search for
dangers from above (such as an eagle) or below (such as
a snake). However, ______________________________________. A
bear is equally dangerous from its left or the right side,
but not if it is upside down. In fact, when observing a
scene containing plants, animals, and man‑made objects
such as cars or street signs, we can only tell when left
and right have been inverted if we observe those artificial
items.

① the spatial awareness that we have exists in a way

that we do not notice
② human survival was possible because of the high

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

84. 다음 글을 한 문장으로 표현하고자 한다. <보기>의 제시어를 85. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?85)
이용하여 <조건>에 맞게 작성하시오.84)
A young child may be puzzled when asked to
A young child may be puzzled when asked to distinguish between the directions of right and left. But
distinguish between the directions of right and left. But that same child may have no difficulty in determining the
that same child may have no difficulty in determining the directions of up and down or back and front. Scientists
directions of up and down or back and front. Scientists propose that this occurs because, although we experience
propose that this occurs because, although we experience three dimensions, only two had a strong influence on our
three dimensions, only two had a strong influence on our evolution: the vertical dimension as defined by gravity
evolution: the vertical dimension as defined by gravity and, in mobile species, the front/back dimension as
and, in mobile species, the front/back dimension as defined by the positioning of sensory and feeding
defined by the positioning of sensory and feeding mechanisms. These influence our perception of vertical
mechanisms. These influence our perception of vertical versus horizontal, far versus close, and the search for
versus horizontal, far versus close, and the search for dangers from above (such as an eagle) or below (such as
dangers from above (such as an eagle) or below (such as a snake). However, the left‑right axis is not as relevant in
a snake). However, the left‑right axis is not as relevant in nature. A bear is equally dangerous from its left or the
nature. A bear is equally dangerous from its left or the right side, but not if it is upside down. In fact, when
right side, but not if it is upside down. In fact, when observing a scene containing plants, animals, and
observing a scene containing plants, animals, and man‑made objects such as cars or street signs, we can
man‑made objects such as cars or street signs, we can _____________________________________________.
only tell when left and right have been inverted if we
observe those artificial items. ① distinguish the vertical versus horizontal
② evolve into determining vertical dimension
<보기> ③ complement the evolution of our spatial perception
is / dimensions / as / and / the front-back / ④ discriminate the inversion of left-right axis if we
not / vertical / the left-right / axis / as come to the artificial goods
⑤ compensate the vertical dimension and the front/back
<조건> dimension for left-right axis
ㆍ<보기>의 제시어를 모두 사용하되, 단, 본문에서 한 단어
를 추가할 것
ㆍ형태 변화 없이 그대로 쓸 것
ㆍ어법에 맞게 쓸 것

정답: In nature, ________________________________________

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

87. 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?87)

[23년도 고2 3월 41~42번]
Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth. They
have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. They have
86. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A)에 들어갈 어휘로 가장 적절한 것은?86) different approaches to work. And they’re each motivated
Creative people aren't all cut from the same cloth. They by different things. Managing people is about being
have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. They have aware of their unique personalities. It’s also about
different approaches to work. And they're each motivated empathy and adaptability, and knowing how the things
by different things. Managing people is about being you do and say will be interpreted and adapting
aware of their unique personalities. It's also about accordingly. Who you are and what you say may not be
empathy and adaptability, and knowing how the things the same from one person to the next. For instance, if
you do and say will be interpreted and adapting you’re asking someone to work a second weekend in a
accordingly. Who you are and what you say may not be row, or telling them they aren’t getting that deserved
the same from one person to the next. For instance, if promotion just yet, you need to bear in mind the
you're asking someone to work a second weekend in a individual. Vincent will have a very different reaction to
row, or telling them they aren't getting that deserved the news than Emily, and they will each be more
promotion just yet, you need to bear in mind the (A)_______________ to the news if it’s bundled with different
individual. Vincent will have a very different reaction to things. Perhaps that promotion news will land easier if
the news than Emily, and they will each be more Vincent is given a few extra vacation days for the
(A)__________ to the news if it's bundled with different holidays, while you can promise Emily a bigger promotion
things. Perhaps that promotion news will land easier if a year from now. Consider each person’s complex
Vincent is given a few extra vacation days for the positive and negative personality traits, their life
holidays, while you can promise Emily a bigger promotion circumstances, and their mindset in the moment when
a year from now. Consider each person's complex positive deciding what to say and how to say it. Intimate
and negative personality traits, their life circumstances, connection, compassion, and a(n) (B)______________
and their mindset in the moment when deciding what to management style are key to drawing consistent, rock
say and how to say it. Personal connection, compassion, star-level work out of everyone.
and an individualized management style are key to
drawing consistent, rock star‑level work out of everyone. (A) (B)
① responsive personalized
① producing or using original and unusual ideas ② insensitive differentiated
② easily upset by the things people say or do, or ③ influential customized
causing people to be upset, embarrassed, or angry ④ attentive authorized
③ showing a desire to resist authority, control or ⑤ indifferent elaborated
convention
④ willing to listen to and accept new ideas and
suggestions
⑤ not wanting to accept something, especially changes
or new ideas

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

88. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 어색한 것은?88)  다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Creative people aren't all cut from the same cloth. They Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth. They
have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. They have have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. They have

different approaches to work. And they're each motivated different approaches to work. And they’re each ⓐ
by different things. Managing people ⓐis about being motivating by different things. Managing people ⓑare
aware of their unique personalities. It's also about about being aware of their unique personalities. It’s also

empathy and adaptability, and knowing how the things about empathy and adaptability, and knowing how the
you do and say will ⓑbe interpreted and adapting things you do and say will be interpreted and ⓒadapting
accordingly. Who you are and what you say may not be accordingly. Who you are and what you say may not be

the same from one person to the next. For instance, if the same from one person to the next. (A) Vincent will
you're asking someone to work a second weekend in a have a very different reaction to the news than Emily,
row, or telling them they aren't getting that ⓒdeserves and they will each be more receptive to the news if it’s

promotion just yet, you need to bear in mind the bundled with different things. (B) Perhaps ⓓthat
individual. Vincent will have a very different reaction to promotion news will land easier if Vincent is given a few
the news than Emily, and they will each be more extra vacation days for the holidays. (C) On the contrary

receptive to the news if it's bundled with different things. you can promise Emily a bigger promotion a year from
Perhaps that promotion news will land easier if Vincent now. (D) Consider each ⓔperson’s complex positive and
ⓓis given a few extra vacation days for the holidays, negative personality traits, their life circumstances, and

while you can promise Emily a bigger promotion a year their mindset in the moment when deciding what to say
from now. Consider each person's complex positive and and how to say it. (E) Personal connection, compassion,
negative personality traits, their life circumstances, and and an individualized management style are key to ⓕ

their mindset in the moment when ⓔdeciding what to drawing consistent, rock star-level work out of everyone.
say and how to say it. Personal connection, compassion,
and an individualized management style are key to 89. 위 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적
drawing consistent, rock star‑level work out of everyone. 절한 곳은?89)

For instance, if you’re asking Vincent and Emily to work a

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ second weekend in a row, or telling them they aren’t
getting that deserved promotion just yet, you need to
bear in mind the individual.

① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E

90. 위 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓕ 중, 어법상 어색한 곳은 몇 개인

가?90)

① 1개 ② 2개 ③ 3개 ④ 4개 ⑤ 5개

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

91. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 어색한 것은?91)

Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth. They
have varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. They have
different approaches to work. And they’re each motivated
by different things. Managing people ⓐis about being
aware of their unique personalities. It’s also about
empathy and adaptability, and knowing how the things
you do and say will be interpreted and adapting
accordingly. Who you are and what you say may not be
the same from one person to the next. For instance, if
you’re asking someone ⓑto work a second weekend in a
row, or telling them they aren’t getting that deserved
promotion just yet, you need to bear in mind the
individual. Vincent will have a very different reaction to
the news than Emily, and they will each be more
receptive to the news if its’ bundled with different things.
Perhaps that promotion news will land easier if Vincent
ⓒis given a few extra vacation days for the holidays,
while you can promise Emily a bigger promotion a year
from now. ⓓTaken into account each person’s complex
positive and negative personality traits, their life
circumstances, and their mindset in the moment when
deciding what to say and how to say it. Personal
connection, compassion, and an individualized
management style are key to ⓔbringing out the best
performance in each person.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

정답 improving accuracy.
35) ⑤
1) ①
36) ④
2) ①
37) ④
3) ②
38) ④
4) ①
39) ①
5) ⑤
40) Children can learn these skills, not through verbal
6) ⑤ means but through experience of free play.
7) ② 41) ③
8) don't allow the pursuit of perfection to prevent 42) ④
you from achieving what is satisfactory
43) ④
9) (A) to be well-funded as you wanted
44) ③
(B) to match how you originally conceived the
45) ④
bill
46) ④
10) 중요한 것은 수질오염 지역의 아이들을 이해 수질
47) ④
오염방지 법안을 만들고 기금을 모으려는 여러분의
48) ④
생각과 노력 덕분에 아이들이 깨끗한 물을 마실 수
있게 될 것이라는 점이다. 49) ④

11) ④ 50) ⑤

12) ③ 51) ③

13) update their skills 52) ⑤

14) (개인용 컴퓨터를 접하게 된) 1세대 최고경영자 중 53) (A) that applies only to us, not to other
개인용 컴퓨터 사용 기술을 익히고 자신의 업무에 직 organisms
접 활용한 경우는 탁월한 업무능력을 보이며 자신의 (B) the term should be used by ecologists with
분야 또는 위치에서 요구되는 적합성을 유지하고 경 careful consideration
력을 발전시킬 수 있었다. 54) ②
15) keep yourself relevant by embracing the advances 55) ④
in your field 56) ①
16) ① 57) ①
17) ④ 58) ①
18) ⑤ 59) ①
19) ④ 60) (A) In short
20) (1) 더 나이가 많고 인지적으로 건강한 성인에서 더 (B) However
많은 과일의 섭취가 해마의 더 작은 용적과 연관되었 61) (A) human
다. (B) rational
(2) 과일 섭취와 뇌의 커다란 바깥층인 피질의 용적 62) ④
사이의 유사한 역관계를 확인했다. 63) ①,④
21) ② 64) ③
22) ② 65) ①
23) ① 66) ③
24) ⑤ 67) ②
25) ① 68) ②
26) ④ 69) ④
27) ④ 70) ③
28) ④ 71) ⑤
29) ④ 72) ①
30) ② 73) ⑤
31) ③ 74) ③
32) ⑤ 75) ②
33) ② 76) ⑤
34) It can be effective to use a combination of 77) ③
human judgments and statistical models for 78) ⑤

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 [고2] 2023년도 3월 모의고사 - 기출모음 #3

79) ①
80) (A) creativity
(B) difficult
(C) effort
(D) reduce
81) ④
82) ③
83) ⑤
84) the left-right axis is not as relevant as the
front-back and vertical dimensions
85) ④
86) ④
87) ①
88) ③
89) ①
90) ②
91) ④

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