28 6th Class Chemistry

Experiment 3 Experiment 6
Take about 50 cm3 of water in a beaker. Add a Hold a short length (about 50 cm) of magnesium
spoonful of common salt in it and stir. You will ribbon in the fire tongs. Heat magnesium ribbon
observe that salt dissolves in water. Now in the non-luminous flame for about 2 minutes.
evaporate the salt solution on heated sand bath. It The magnesium ribbon burns with a brilliant white
is observed that water disappears leaving behind flame producing a large amount of heat and light.
common salt. Furthermore, the mass of common It leaves behind a white ash, which is commonly
salt remains same. called magnesium oxide.
Thus, we can say that the above changes are (i)
The magnesium oxide, so formed, does not change
temporary in nature, (ii) no new products are
to magnesium ribbon on cooling. Thus, we can
formed, and (iii) there is no change in weight when
conclude : (i) the change brought about in
change takes place.
magnesium is permanent in nature; (ii) a new
Experiment 4 product is formed which has entirely different
Hold a short length of platinum wire or nichrome properties; and (iii) a large amount of heat and
wire with the help of tongs. Hold the end of wire light energy are evolved.
in a non-luminous Bunsen flame. What do you
Experiment 7
observe?
The end of wire becomes red hot. Take out the Fix a candle on the table and light it. What do you
end of wire from the Bunsen observe after 10 minutes?
flame and allow it to cool. What do you observe? (i) The candle burns to give heat and light energy.
The wire regains its original colour. (ii) The candle does not regain its original size when
Thus, we can say that the change brought about put off.
in the appearance of the wire is temporary in Thus, the burning of a candle is a permanent
nature. Similarly, when electric current flows change which cannot be reversed. Actually,
through a bulb, its filament gets white hot and emits the candle burns to form new products, i.e.,
light. When current is switched off, the filament carbon dioxide gas and water vapour.
does not give off any light. Thus, the change in Glowing splint bursts into flame
the appearance of the bulb is temporary in nature.
Experiment 8
Experiment 5
Take a hard glass test tube and put in it 2 g of red
Take a bicycle spoke (wire fitted in wheel of coloured mercuric oxide. Clamp the test tube on
bicycle) and rub it with a permanent bar magnet. an iron stand. Heat the test tube strongly. You will
Roll the iron wire in the iron filings. What do you notice that first of all the colour of mercuric oxide
observe? Iron filings stick to the wire. Thus, we changes to black. On further heating, the test tube
can conclude that wire has changed into a magnet. is filled with fumes. At this moment hold a glowing
Now hit the wire against the table for 50 times. wooden splint in the test tube. The wooden splint
Again roll the wire in iron filings. It is observed of mercury bursts into flame. Also, tiny silvery
that iron filings no longer stick to the iron wire. droplets arc seen sticking to the cooler parts of
Thus, we can conclude that wire has lost its test tube. On cooling the test tube, the change is
magnetic property. not reversed.
Thus, the changing of iron wire into a magnet is a Actually, on heating, mercuric oxide decomposes
temporary change and no new products are to form mercury and oxygen, i.e., two new
formed. products arc formed. The mercury vaporises and
Chemical Changes liquefies on the cooler parts of the test Heating
The changes are permanent in nature and cannot mercuric oxide brings tube. The oxygen is
be reversed. Such changes are called chemical responsible for the glowing splint to burst into
changes. flame, because it supports combustion.
Thus, strong heating of mercuric oxide is a
permanent change, which cannot be reversed.
Furthermore, new products are formed.

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