PYTHON

PROGAMMING
By Rohit Kushwaha

Python is a popular programming language. It was created by Guido van Rossum, and released in
1991.
What is Programming and Python?

Programming is a way for us to tell computers what to do . The computer is a very dumb machine
and it only does what we tell it to do . Hence we learn to program and tell computers to what we
are very slow at rate - computation. If I ask you to calculate 5+6, you will immediately say 11.
How about 23453453 X 56456?
You will start searching for a calculator or jump to a new tab to calculate the same. This 100 days
of code series will help you learn Python from starting to the end. We will start from 0 and by the
time we end this course, I promise you will be a Job ready Python developer!

What is Python?

 Python is a dynamically typed, general-purpose programming language that supports an

object-oriented programming approach as well as a functional programming approach.

 Python is an interpreted (meaning, source code of a Python program is converted into

bytecode that is then executed by the Python virtual machine) and high-level
programming language.

 It was created by Guido Van Rossum in 1989.

Features of Python

 Python is simple and easy to understand.

 It is Interpreted and platform-independent which makes debugging very easy.

 Python is an open-source programming language.

 Python provides very big library support. Some popular libraries include NumPy,
Tensorflow, Selenium, OpenCV, etc.

 It is possible to integrate other programming languages within Python.

What is Python used for

 Python is used in Data Visualization to create plots and graphical representations.

 Python helps in Data Analytics to analyze and understand raw data for insights and trends.

 It is used in AI and Machine Learning to simulate human behavior and to learn from past
data without hard coding.

 It is used to create web applications.

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  It can be used to work with databases.

 It is used in business and accounting to perform complex mathematical operations along

with quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Modules and pip in Python!

Module is like a code library which can be used to borrow code written by somebody else
in our python program. There are two types of modules in python:

1. Built in Modules - These modules are ready to import and use and ships with the python
interpreter. there is no need to install such modules explicitly.

2. External Modules - These modules are imported from a third party file or can be installed
using a package manager like pip or conda. Since this code is written by someone else, we
can install different versions of a same module with time.

The pip command

It can be used as a package manager pip to install a python module. Lets install a module
called pandas using the following command

pip install pandas

Python Comments:

A comment is a part of the coding file that the programmer does not want to execute,
rather the programmer uses it to either explain a block of code or to avoid the execution of
a specific part of code while testing.

Single-Line comments:

To write a comment just add a ‘#’ at the start of the line.

Example 1

#This is a 'Single-Line Comment'

print("This is a print statement.")

Output:
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This is a print statement.

Example 2

Print(“Hello World !!!”) # printing Hello world

Output :

Hello World ! ! !

Example 3:

Print(“Python Program”)

#print(“Python program”)

Output:

Python program

Mulit-Line Comments:

To write multi line comments you can use ‘#’ at each line or you can use the multiline
string:

Example1: The use of ‘#’

#It will execute a block of code if a specified condition is true.

#If the condition is false then it will execute another block of code.
p = 7
if (p > 5):
print("p is greater than 5.")
else:

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 print("p is not greater than 5.")

Output:

p is greater than 5.

Example 2 : The use of multiline string.

"""This is an if-else statement.

It will execute a block of code if a specified condition is true.
If the condition is false then it will execute another block of code."""
p = 7
if (p > 5):
print("p is greater than 5.")
else:
print("p is not greater than 5.")

Escape Sequence characters

To insert characters that cannot directly used in a string, we use an escape sequence
character.

An escape sequence character is a backlash \ followed by the character you want to insert.

An example of a character that cannot be directly used in a string is a double quote inside a
string that is surrounded by double quotes:

print("This doesnt "execute")

print("This will \" execute")

More on print statement:

The syntax of a print statement looks something like this :

print(object(s), sep=separator, end=end, file=file, flush=flush)

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 Other parameters of print statement

1. Object(S) : Any object , and as many as you like. Will be converted to string before
printed
2. Sep=’separator’: specify how to separate the objects. If there is more than on Default
is ‘ ‘
3. End=’end’:specify what to print at the end, Default is ‘\n’ (line feed)
4. File: An object with a write method. Defualt is sys.stdobut parameters 2 to 4 are
optional