NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 11
NOVEMBER 2018
CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION
MARKS: 200
TIME: 3 hours
*ICvlte2*
This question paper consists of 18 pages, including 3 pages of answer sheets.
2 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
REQUIREMENTS:
1. ANSWER BOOK
2. Drawing instruments
3. A non-programmable pocket calculator
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. This question paper consists of SIX QUESTIONS: TWO questions are
generic and FOUR questions are subject specific.
2. Answer ALL the questions.
3. Answer each question as a whole. Do NOT separate subsections of
questions.
4. Start the answer to EACH question on a NEW page.
5. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.
6. You may use sketches to illustrate your answers.
7. Write ALL calculations and answers in the ANSWER BOOK or on the
attached ANSWER SHEETS.
8. Use the mark allocation as a guide to the length of your answers.
9. Make drawings and sketches in pencil, fully-dimensioned and neatly
finished off with descriptive titles and notes to conform to the SANS/SABS
Code of Practice for Building Drawings.
10. For the purpose of this question paper, the size of a brick should be taken
as 220 mm x 110 mm x 75 mm.
11. Use your own discretion where dimensions and/or details have been
omitted.
12. Answer QUESTIONS 2.6, 3.1, 4.8 and 6.6 on the attached ANSWER
SHEETS using drawing instruments where necessary.
13. Write your NAME on every ANSWER SHEET and hand them in with your
ANSWER BOOK, whether you have answered the question or not.
14. Due to electronic transfer, drawings in the question paper are NOT to
scale.
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 3
QUESTION 1: SAFETY AND MATERIAL (GENERIC)
1.1 Answer the following questions with regard to the safety equipment in
FIGURE 1.1.
FIGURE 1.1
1.1.1 What is the safety equipment in FIGURE 1.1 called? (1)
1.1.2 On which type of site is this type of safety equipment compulsory? (1)
1.2 Describe the safety measure which is applicable to each of the following
factors:
1.2.1 Loose clothing (1)
1.2.2 Type of shoes in a workshop (1)
1.2.3 Carrying of sharp objects (1)
1.2.4 Dangerous moving parts of power tools (1)
1.2.5 Number of operators who operate a machine (1)
1.3 Who is responsible for the safety of visitors on a construction site? (1)
1.4 Name any FOUR safety measures which are applicable to the storage of
flammable liquids. (4 x 1) (4)
1.5 Unreinforced concrete, reinforced concrete and precast concrete are used
on construction sites.
Identify the type of concrete which will be used for the following work:
1.5.1 Suspended concrete floors (1)
1.5.2 Lintels above door openings (1)
1.5.3 Foundations for single-storey buildings (1)
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4 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
1.6 Name ONE use of screed. (1)
1.7 Name TWO reasons why lime can be added to a mortar mix. (2 x 1) (2)
1.8 Briefly motivate why pine wood is used for carpentry work on a
construction site. (2)
1.9 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write only
the word ‘true’ or ‘false’ next to the number in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.9.1 Board products are cheaper than solid wood products. (1)
1.9.2 Stock bricks are manufactured from cement. (1)
1.9.3 Face bricks must be plastered. (1)
1.9.4 Cement blocks are cast with hollow cores to make them lighter. (1)
1.10 Briefly motivate why sinks are manufactured from stainless steel. (2)
1.11 Briefly describe what an alloy is. (3)
1.12 Name ONE use of thermosetting plastic. (1 x 1) (1)
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 5
QUESTION 2: EQUIPMENT, TOOLS AND GRAPHICS (GENERIC)
2.1 Answer the following questions with regard to the hand tool in FIGURE 2.1.
2.1.A
FIGURE 2.1
2.1.1 What is this tool called? (1)
2.1.2 Describe the purpose of part 2.1.A. (2)
2.1.3 Briefly motivate why part 2.1.A must be replaced regularly. (2)
2.2 Identify the tool in FIGURE 2.2 and name THREE measures that should be
taken to care for it. (4)
FIGURE 2.2
2.3 Identify the tool in FIGURE 2.3 and name THREE measures that should be
taken to care for it. (4)
FIGURE 2.3
2.4 Name TWO measures for caring for a concrete mixer. (2 x 1) (2)
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6 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
2.5 Answer the following questions with regard to the plan elevation in
FIGURE 2.5.
PROTEA STREET
2.5.B
2.5.A
2.5.C
PLOT 124 PLOT 126 PLOT 128
PLOT 135 PLOT 137
FIGURE 2.5
2.5.1 What is the plan elevation called? (1)
2.5.2 What is the plot number of the plot on the west side of plot 126? (1)
2.5.3 What are the lines at 2.5.A called? (1)
2.5.4 Identify the symbols at 2.5.B and 2.5.C. (2)
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 7
2.6 FIGURE 2.6, on ANSWER SHEET A, shows an incomplete section view of
a single brick wall. Complete the section view to scale 1 : 20 and show the
following parts with symbols and labels:
2.6.1 A strip foundation of 700 x 250 mm with the invert level of 400 mm (3)
2.6.2 A single brick wall with a height of 2 700 mm from the floor level
and 10 mm plaster work on the outside and inside (5)
2.6.3 The hardcore filling of 250 mm (1)
2.6.4 The dampproof course (2)
2.6.5 The blinding layer of 50 mm (1)
2.6.6 The concrete floor slab of 90 mm (1)
2.6.7 A door opening with a height of 2 100 mm (1)
2.6.8 A concrete lintel with a thickness of 70 mm above the door
opening (2)
2.6.9 A wall plate of 114 x 38 mm (2)
2.6.10 Show any TWO labels. (2 x 1) (2)
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8 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
QUESTION 3: QUANTITIES, JOINING AND GRAPHICS (GENERIC)
3.1 FIGURE 3.1 shows the foundation wall of a building. The width of the wall
is 220 mm and the height 450 mm.
9 000
6 000
FIGURE 3.1
Use the quantity list on ANSWER SHEET B and calculate the following:
3.1.1 Determine the centre line of the foundation wall. (6)
3.1.2 Determine the quantity of bricks needed to build the foundation
wall. Make provision for 5% brick breakages. (9)
3.2 Fully describe the purpose of the description column on the dimension
paper for quantities. (3)
3.3 Describe, in point form, the application process of contact glue. (3)
3.4 Which joining glue/material consists of resin and a hardener? (1)
3.5 Name TWO properties of mastic sealant. (2 x 1) (2)
3.6 Make neat sketches to illustrate the following symbols on a floor plan:
3.6.1 Gully (2)
3.6.2 Check valve (2)
3.6.3 Dressed wood (2)
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 9
QUESTION 4: MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT AND JOINING (SPECIFIC)
4.1 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write only
the word ‘true’ or ‘false’ next to the number in the ANSWER BOOK.
4.1.1 Solid bricks have an indent (frog) for a better grip. (1)
4.1.2 The cavities of a cellular brick make up 35% of the volume of the
brick. (1)
4.1.3 The cavities of a cellular brick weaken the insulating property of
the brick. (1)
4.1.4 Perforated bricks are very dense and hard. (1)
4.1.5 Hollow clay blocks give better thermal insulation than solid bricks
do. (1)
4.1.6 Hollow concrete blocks are inclined to crack due to shrinkage. (1)
4.2 Give a short description of a queen closer. (2)
4.3 Name any THREE properties of cement bricks. (3 x 1) (3)
4.4 Briefly motivate why clay bricks must be dried before the firing process. (2)
4.5 Identify the following tools and name ONE use of each.
4.5.1
(2)
4.5.2
(2)
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10 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
4.6 Choose the description in COLUMN B that matches the steel property in
COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–H) next to the question number
(4.6.1–4.6.6) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.6.7 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
4.6.1 Strength A The ability to change shape permanently when
the bending force is great enough
4.6.2 Elasticity B It is easily filed, drilled and shaped by tools
4.6.3 Plasticity C Can absorb forces applied and return to its
original shape when the force is removed
4.6.4 Malleability D Resists forces without bending, breaking,
fracturing or losing shape
4.6.5 Workability E Resistant to environmental factors that can
damage it
4.6.6 Durability F The ability to change shape when it is stretched
G To be resistant to scratching, scouring, wear and
denting
H The ability to change its shape without fracturing
when it is hammered
(6 x 1) (6)
4.7 Make a neat sketch of a butterfly pattern wall tie. (2)
4.8 FIGURE 4.8 on ANSWER SHEET C shows a layer brickwork of a dead-end
in a brick wall in stretcher bond.
Draw in good ratio on ANSWER SHEET C the consecutive layer of bricks for
the dead-end. (4)
4.9 What is the purpose of the inspection holes during the construction of a
cavity wall? (1)
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 11
QUESTION 5: EXCAVATIONS, FOUNDATIONS AND STEEL (SPECIFIC)
5.1 Name TWO reasons why the topsoil must be removed for foundation
excavations. (2 x 1) (2)
5.2 Answer the following questions with regard to the foundation excavation in
FIGURE 5.2.
SIGHTING LINE
5.2.A
5.2.B PEGS
FIGURE 5.2
5.2.1 Name parts 5.2.A and 5.2.B. (2 x 1) (2)
5.2.2 Which measurements must be marked out on part 5.2.B? (2 x 1) (2)
5.2.3 What is the purpose of the pegs in the foundation trench? (1)
5.3 Name THREE methods of dewatering of excavations. (3 x 1) (3)
5.4 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write only
the word ‘true’ or ‘false’ next to the number in the ANSWER BOOK.
5.4.1 Keep excavated material more than 500 mm from edges of
trenches. (1)
5.4.2 Hardboard with a thickness of 3 mm can be used for formwork of
excavation in hard soil. (1)
5.4.3 Open formwork is only used in excavations of hard soil. (1)
5.4.4 The boards that are placed vertically against the sides of the
trenches are called poling boards. (1)
5.5 Briefly describe the function of a foundation. (2)
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12 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
5.6 Answer the following questions with regard to the foundation in FIGURE 5.6.
FIGURE 5.6
5.6.1 What is the foundation called? (1)
5.6.2 In what type of soil will the foundation be used? (1)
5.6.3 Fully motivate why steel reinforcement is placed at the bottom of the
foundation. (2)
5.7 Name THREE factors that will require the use of foundation piles. (3 x 1) (3)
5.8 Briefly describe the steps of installing a short-bored pile. (3)
5.9 Make a neat sketch to illustrate the difference between the steel sections of
an I-beam and an H-beam.
Show the flanges and webs of the steel sections. (4)
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 13
QUESTION 6: TOOLS, CONCRETE, FORMWORK AND LINTELS (SPECIFIC)
6.1 Answer the following questions with regard to the tool in FIGURE 6.1.
FIGURE 6.1
6.1.1 What is this tool called? (1)
6.1.2 Briefly describe the use of the tool. (2)
6.2 Briefly state the definition of scaffolding. (3)
6.3 Identify the structural forces illustrated by sketches 6.3.1 to 6.3.3: (3)
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3
6.4 Briefly motivate why steel reinforcement must be free from rust and
oiliness. (2)
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14 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
6.5 Answer the following questions with regard to the installation of steel
reinforcement in FIGURE 6.5.
6.5.A
6.5.B
FIGURE 6.5
6.5.1 What is part 6.5.A called? (1)
6.5.2 What is the purpose of part 6.5.A? (1)
6.5.3 Identify the type of steel bar illustrated by part 6.5.B. (1)
6.6 FIGURE 6.6 on ANSWER SHEET C shows the outside lines of the top
view of a concrete column.
Draw the following steel reinforcing to scale 1 : 10.
6.6.1 10 mm stirrups with a concrete cover of 50 mm (4)
6.6.2 Four main reinforced bars with a diameter thickness of 40 mm (3)
6.7 Name TWO advantages of steel reinforcement in concrete constructions.
(2 x 1) (2)
6.8 Give the correct concrete mixture for a reinforced concrete floor. (3)
6.9 Describe the purpose of the following requirements that are applicable to
formwork:
6.9.1 Joints must be sealed (1)
6.9.2 Must be free of dirt (1)
6.9.3 A release agent must be applied to the inside (1)
6.9.4 Must be built sturdily enough (1)
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 15
6.10 Answer the following questions with regard to the staircase in FIGURE
6.10.
6.10.A
6.10.B
6.10.C
FIGURE 6.10
6.10.1 Name the parts 6.10.A to 6.10.C. (3 x 1) (3)
6.10.2 What is the minimum height of part 6.10.C? (1)
6.11 Answer the following with regard to the construction in FIGURE 6.11.
6.11.A
6.11.B
6.11.1 What is the thickness of the single-brick wall 6.11.A? (1)
6.11.2 What is part 6.11.B called? (1)
6.11.3 Briefly describe the purpose of part 6.11.B. (2)
6.11.4 Name TWO advantages of part 6.11.B. (2)
[40]
TOTAL: 200
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16 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
ANSWER SHEET A GENERIC
NAME:
2.6 FIGURE 2.6 on ANSWER SHEET A shows an incomplete section view of a single
brick wall. Complete the section view to scale 1 : 20.
2.6.1 Strip foundation 3
2.6.2 Single brick wall 5
2.6.3 Hard core filling 1
2.6.4 Damp proof course 2
2.6.5 Blinding layer 1
2.6.6 Concrete floor slab 1
2.6.7 Door opening 1
2.6.8 Concrete lintel 2
2.6.9 Wall plate 2
2.6.10 2 Labels 2
TOTAL 20
NGL
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION 17
CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
ANSWER SHEET B GENERIC
NAME:
QUESTION 3.1
A B C D
3.1.1 CENTRE LINE: (6)
.......... x ................ m = ................ m
.......... x ................ m = ................ m
= ................ m
Minus: ........ x ............ m = ................. m
TOTAL CENTRE LINE = ................. m
3.1.2 QUANTITY OF BRICKS: (9)
AREA:
Total wall area
...... ......
....... ...... Thus: Total wall area = ...............
TOTAL BRICKS
....... 100 bricks/ m2 for single brick wall
........ ........... Thus: .................. bricks for total wall
5% BREAKAGE
TOTAL BRICKS:
................ + ............... = ................ total quantity bricks
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18 CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CONSTRUCTION (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
ANSWER SHEET C CONSTRUCTION
NAME:
4.8 Draw in good ratio on ANSWER SHEET C the consecutive layer of bricks
for the dead-end. (4)
Brick work 3
Ratio 1
TOTAL 4
CONSECUTIVE LAYER
6.6 FIGURE 6.6 on ANSWER SHEET C shows the outside lines of a concrete
column.
Draw the following steel reinforcing on scale 1:10:
6.6.1 10 mm stirrups with a concrete cover of 50 mm (4)
6.6.2 Four main reinforced bars with a diameter thickness of 40 mm (3)
Stirrups 2
Scale 1
Concrete covering 1
Main reinforcement 2
Scale 1
TOTAL 7
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