VELAMMAL BODHI CAMPUS - LADANENDAL

NEET - TEST

SUB:Biology TOPIC - NEURAL CHEMICAL

1. The controlling centre of autonomic nervous system is

(a) hypothalamus (b) spinal cord (c) cerebellum (d) pons
2. Sodium – Postassium pump across membrane, actively transports
(a) 2 Na ions outwards and 3 K ions into the cell. (b) 3 Na ions outwards and 2 K ions into the cell.
(c) 2 K ions outwards and 3 Na ions into the cell. (d) 3 K ions outwards and 2 Na ions into the cell.
3. During conduction of nerve impulse
(a) Na+ moves into axoplasm (b) Na+ moves out of axoplasm
(c) K+ moves into axoplasm (d) Ca++ moves into axoplasm
4. In the axons, the nerve impulse traves.
(a) towards the cell body. (b) away from the cell body.
(c) away from synapse. (d) in both direction.
5. During recovery, a nerve fibre become
(a) positively charged outside and negatively charged inside.
(b) positively charged on both-outside and inside.
(c) negatively charged outside and positively charged inside.
(d) negatively charged on both-outside and inside
6. The transmission of impulse through neurons is a
(a) physical phenomenon (b) chemical phenomenon
(c) electro-chemical phenomenon (d) gravitational phenomenon
7. The resting potential occurs because
(a) of reduced energy production by mitochondria.
(b) the action potential depletes transmitter substance.
(c) of the different concentrations of ions across the cell.
(d) the actin potential causes axoplasmic transport back towards the cell body
8. Clusters of neuron cell bodies embedded in the white matter of the brain are referred to as
(a) nuclei (b) gyri (c) sulci (d) ganglia
9. Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) Electrical synapses are more common in our neural system than chemical synapses.
(b) The new potential in post-synaptic neuron may be either excitatory or inhibitory.
(c) Hypothalamus is the major coordination centre for sensory and motor signaling
(d) The tracts of nerve fibres that connect two cerebral hemispheres are called corpora bigemina.
10. All are None law (principle) states that
(a) all stimuli produce action potentials.
(b) the property of action potential is independent of the strength of depolarizing stimulus
(c) potential difference can either be 0 or 100.
(d) any cell membrane can generate and propagate an action potential if stimulated to threshold value.
11. Which of the following statements are correct?
(i) Somatic nervous system- Conducts impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles.
(ii) Autonomic nervous system-Conduct impulses from CNS to internal organ muscles.
(iii) Central nervous system-Consists of brain and spinal cord
(iv) Peripheral nervous system- Consists of nervous carrying impulses to brain and spinal cord only
(a) Only ii and iii (b) Only iii and iv (c) Only i, ii and iii (d) All of these
12. Which of the following statements is correct regarding a myelinated nerve fibre?
(i) It is always associated with an axon.
(ii) It allows rapid conduction of nerve impulses.
(iii) It allows slow conduction of nerve impulses.
(iv) It has nodes of Ranvier.
(a) Only i and ii (b) Only i, ii, and iii (c) Only i, ii, and iv (d) Only i, iii, and iv
13. Which of the following events is involved in the transfer of information across a chemical synapse?
(i) Neurotransmitters bind to the postsynaptic receptors.
(ii) Calcium channels open in the presynaptic region.
(iii) Ion channels open in the postsynaptic membrane.
(iv) Direct flow of ions from one neuron to the next.
(a) i, and ii only (b) i, ii and iii only (c) ii, iii and iv only (d) All of the above
14. Match the column I (various phase of an action potential) with column II (ionic activity associate(d)
and choose the correct option.
Column I Column II
(A) Resting stage of a (I) Opening and then closing of
neuron the sodium channels
(B) Depolarization phase (II) All voltage gated sodium and
in the generation of an potassium channels are closed.
action potential.
(C) Repolarization phase (III) The sodium channels remain
in the generation of opened
action potential
(D) Absolute refractory (IV) Opening of potassium gates and the
phase. rushing of potassium
(a) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III (b) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
(c) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II (d) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
15. Which of the following terms is not correctly matched with its feature?
(a) Efferent neurons – Carries signals from CNS to the effector.
(b) Axon terminal – Possess neurotransmitter containing vesicle.
(c) Limbic system – Along with the hypothalamus, it is involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour,
expressionof emotional reactions and motivation.
(d) Association areas – Present in cerebellum and responsible for function like intersensory associations,
memory and communication.
16. In a nerve if sodium pump is blocked, which of the following is most likely to happen?
(a) Na+ inside the nerve will increase. (b) Na+ outside the nerve will increase.
(c) Na+ and K+ will increases outside the cell. (d) K+ inside the nerve will increase.
17. Sequence of meaninges from inner to outside is
(a) Duramater – Arachnoid – Piamater (b) Duramater – Piamater – Arachnoid
(c) Arachnoid – Duramater – Piamater (d) Piamater – Arachnoid – Duramater
18. You are watching a horror movie and you notice your heart is beating fast and mouth is dry. It is
because of
(a) fight and flight response (b) sympathetic nervous system
(c) parasympathetic nervous system (d) both (a) and (b)
19. During the transmission of nerve impulse through a nerve fibre, the potential on the inner side of
the plasma membrane has which type of electric charge?
(a) First positive, then negative and again back to positive.
(b) First negative, then positive and again back to negative.
(c) First positive, then negative and continue to be negative.
(d) First negative, then positive and continue to be positive.
20. A person entering an empty room suddenly finds a snake right in front on opening the door. Which
one of the following is likely to happen in his neuro-hormonal control system?
(a) Hypothalamus activates the parasympathetic division of brain.
(b) Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal
cortex.
(c) Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal
medulla.
(d) Neurotransmitters diffuse rapidly across the cleft and transmit a nerve impulse.
21. Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is always _________ than that across a chemical
synapse.
(a) faster (b) slower (c) intermittent (d) continuous
22. Unmyelinated nerve fibre is enclosed by an ‘X’ that does not form a myelin sheath around the ‘Y’,
and is commonly found in ‘Z’ and the somatic neural system. Identify ‘X’, ‘Y’ and ‘Z’.
X Y C
(a) Schwann cells Axon Autonomous
(b) Nodes of Ranvier Cell body Synaptic knob
(c) Synapse Dendrites Sympathetic
(d) Meninges Nerve impulse peripheral

23. The ___ neuron receives signal from a sensory organ and transmits the impulse via a dorsal nerve
root into the ___. The ___ neuron then carries signals from CNS to the ____.
(a) afferent, CNS, efferent, effector (b) efferent, PNS, afferent, effector
(c) afferent, CNS, efferent, receptor (d) efferent, PNS, afferent, receptor
24. Consider the following statements.
(A) Myelinated and non-myelinated neurons are differentiated on the basis of type of neurons.
(B) Humans contain only myelinated neurons.
Select the correct option.
(a) A is true, B is false. (b) A is false, B is true.
(c) Both A and B are true. (d) Both A and B are false.
25. The myelin sheath around the axons is formed by
(a) osteocytes and astrocytes (b) astrocytes and Schwann cells
(c) Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes (d) oligodendrocytes and osteoclasts
26. Nodes of Ranvier are
(a) granulated bodies in cytoplasm (b) gaps between adjacent myelin sheath on axon
(c) modulated bodies at the ends of dendrites (d) vesicles at the terminal ends of axons
27. The myelinated neurons are found in
(a) cranial nerves (b) spinal nerves
(c) nerves of ANS (d) cranial and spinal nerves
28. Consider the following statements.
(A) Unmyelinated nerve fibres are commonly found in the cranial nerves.
(B) Unmyelinated nerve fibres transmit impulse at slower rate.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and B are true. (b) A is true, B is false.
(c) Both A and B are false. (d) A is false, B is true.
29. Assertion: The axons of neurons can receive signals from other neurons.
Reason: A multipolar neuron contains numerous axons.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
 30. Assertion: The speed of nerve impulse along axon would slowdown in the absence of Schwann
cells.
Reason: Schwann cells are abundantly found in cells body of neurons.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
31. The resting axonal membrane is
(1) permeable to K+ ions.
(2) permeable to Na+ ions.
(3) impermeable to negatively charged proteins of axoplasm.
Select the correct option.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct. (b) 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
(c) 2 and 3 are correct. (d) 1 and 3 are correct.
32. Nissl's bodies found in neurons are :-
(a) Made of DNA (b) Masses of RER
(c) Help in formation of neurofibrils (d) Masses of mitochondria
33. Afferent nerve fiber conducts impulsefrom :-
(a) C.N.S. to effector (b) Receptor to C.N.S.
(c) Receptor to effector (d) Effector to receptor
34. Nissl granules occur in which part and whatis their function?
(a) Neurons and help in protein synthesis (b) Blood and help in nutrition andexcretion
(c) Sarcoplasm and help in contraction (d) Mucous cell and secrete mucous
35. The Schwann sheath is :-
(a) A non myelinated nerve fibres (b) Associated with myelin sheath
(c) A connective tissue cell
(d) Associated with myelinated & nonmyelinated nerve fibre
36. Rapid integration of the functionalactivities in human is achieved by :-
(a) Nervous system (b) Endocrine system
(c) Blood (d) Muscular system
37. Which one of the following types ofneurons are most numerous in the body :-
(a) Unipolar (b) Multipolar
(c) Bipolar (d) Pseudounipolar
38. Which cell-organellae absent in neurons?
(a) Mitochondria (b) Ribosome
(c) Centriole (d) Nucleus
39. Non Myelinated axons differ frommyelinated in that they :-
(a) Are more excitable (b) Lack nodes of Ranvier
(c) Are not capable of regeneration (d) Are not associated with Schwann cells
40. Nerve cells do not possess -
(a) Neurilemma (b) Sarcolemma
(c) Dendrites (d) Axon
41. The gray matter differs from white matterin the:-
(a) Absence of axons (b) Absence of myelin sheath
(c) Presence of myelin sheath (d) Absence of neurilemma
42. The nervous system is derived from :-
(a) Ectoderm (b) Endoderm
(c) Mesoderm (d) Ecto and Mesoderm
43. Function of nervous tissue is :-
(a) Irritability or Excitability (b) Sensitivity
(c) Elasticity (d) Contraction
44. Which of the following processes occuronly in animals?
(a) Hormonal control (b) Respiration
(c) Nervous control (d) Nutrition
45. Which cell stop dividing after birth?
(a) Epithelium (b) Neuron (c) Glial cells (d) Liver
46. Anterior lobe of pituitary secretes
(a) ACTH, TSH and oxytocin (b) STH, GH and ADH
(c) TSH, ADH and prolactin (d) FSH, GH and LH
47. A gorilla like appearance with huge hands and legs is due to abnormal secretion of
(a) FSH (b) LH (c) LTH (d) GH
48. Which of the following hormone is required for the maintenance of corpus luteum?
(a) Progesterone (b) Estrogen (c) FSH (d) LH
49. Ovulation in humans is controlled by
(a) FSH and LTH (b) FSH and GH (c) LTH and LH (d) FSH and LH
50. Ovulation and formation of corpus luteum is controlled by
(a) ICSH (b) FSH
(c) thyroxine hormone (d) luteinizing hormone
51. Secretion of estrogen is controlled by
(a) hCG (b) FSH (c) progesterone (d) testosterone
52. Deficiency of vasopressin primarily results in
(a) increased volume of urine. (b) decreased volume of urine.
(c) excessive secretion of urochrome. (d) change in pH from acidic to alkaline range
53. Sleep-wake cycle and menstrual cycle are maintained by
(a) progesterone (b) melatonin (c) oxytocin (d) MSH
54. Which hormone helps in reabsorption of water from kidney?
(a) ADH (b) STH (c) ACTH (d) TTH
55. Which of the following hormone acts upon the renal tubule and blood capillaries?
(a) Glucagon (b) Aldosterone (c) Vasopressin (d) Glucocorticoids
56. Which endocrine gland stores its secretion in extracellular spaces before discharging it into blood?
(a) Testis (b) Pancreas (c) Thyroid (d) Adrenal
57. Which of the following hormone opposes parathormone?
(a) ADH (b) STH (c) Thyroxine (d) Thyrocalcitonin
58. Abnormal secretion of thyroxine produces
(a) acromegaly (b) Addison’s disease (c)goitre (d) cretinism
59. Which one of the following pairs of hormones are the examples of those that can easily pass through
the cell membrane of the target cell and bind to a receptor inside it (mostly in the nucleus) ?
(a) Somatostain, Oxytocin (b) Cortisol, Testosterone
(c) Insulin, Glucagon (d) Thyroxine, Insulin
60. Mark the correct statement regarding somatostatin.
(a) It is secreted from anterior pituitary. (b) It inhibits the release of growth hormone.
(c) It is secreted from posterior pituitary. (d) It stimulates STH secretion.
61. What of the following is correct about calcitonin?
(a) It contains iodine. (b) It is an amino acid.
(c) It is released from parathyroid. (d) It is released from thyroid gland
62. Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the endocrine system?
(a) Organs in the body like gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney and liver do not produce any hormones.
(b) Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in trace amount that act as intercellular messenger are
known as hormones.
(c) Releasing and inhibitory hormones are produced by the pituitary gland.
(d) Adenohypophysis is under direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus
63. Which one of the following four glands is correctly matched with the accompanying description?
(a) Thyroid – Hyperactivity in young children causes cretinism.
(b) Thymus – Starts undergoing atrophy after puberty.
(c) Parathyroid – Secretes parathormone which promotes movement of calcium ions from blood into
bones during calcification.
(d) Pancreas – Delta cells of Islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone which stimulates glycolysis in liver.
64. Match the hormones given in column-I with the terms given in column-II
Column-I Column-II
(A) ADH (I) Pituitary
(B) ACTH (II) Mineralocorticoid
(C) Aldosterone (III) Diabetes mellitus
(D) Insulin (IV) Diabetes insipidus
(E) Adrenaline (V) Vasodilator
(a) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III, E-V (b) A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III, E-V
(c) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III, E-V (d) A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II, E-V
65. Column-I lists the endocrine structure and column-II lists the corresponding hormones. Match the
two columns and identify the correct option given below.
Column-I Column-II
(A) Hypothalamus (I) Relaxin
(B) Anterior pituitary (II) Estrogen
(C) Testis (III) FSH and LH
(D) Ovary (IV) Testosterrone
(V) Gonadotropin releasing
hormone
(a) A-V, B-III, C-IV, D-II (b) A-V, B-III, C-II, D-IV
(c) A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III (d) A-III, B-V, C-IV, D-II.
66. Match the endocrine gland as a source with its respective hormone as well as the function.
Source gland Hormone Function
(a) Thyroid Thyroxine Regulates blood
calcium level
(b) Anterior pituitary Oxytocin Contraction of
uterine muscles
during child birth
(c) Posterior pituitary Vasopressin Stimulates resorption
of water in the
distaltubulesin the nephron
(d) Corpus luteum Estrogen Supports pregnancy
67. Mark the hormone given in column I and the endocrine cells given in column II.
Column-I Column-II
(A)alpha-cell (I) Inhibin
(B) beta-cell (II) Glucagon
(C) Leydig cell (III) Insulin
(D) Sertoli cells (IV) Testosterone
(a) A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II (b) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
(c) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV (d) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
68. In hormone action, if receptor molecules are removed from target organ, the target organ will
(a) continue to respond to hormone (b) not respond to hormone.
(c) continue to respond but requires higher concentration.
(d) continue to respond but in the opposite way.
69. The number of hormones secreted by anterior pituitary is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
70. Which hormone is related to mineral metabolism but is not a peptide/protein in nature?
(a) PTH (b) ANF (c) Aldosterone (d) All of the above
71. Pancreatic duct of a healthy dog is blocked, which of the following function of pancreas will not be
affected?
(a) Maintenance of normal blood sugar level. (b) Carbohydrate digestion.
(c) Protein digestion. (d) Neutralization of chyme.
72. Which of the following endocrine glands grows to the maximum size at puberty and then diminishes
gradually?
(a) Thymus (b) Pituitary (c) Thyroid (d) Adrenal
73. Which of the following disorders are caused by hypersecretion of their concerned hormones?
(a) gigantism and exophthalmic goitre (b) tetany and myxoedema
(c) diabetes mellitus and goitre (d) rickets and diabetes insipidus
74. Hormones produced by anterior lobe of pituitary
(a) control calcium level in blood. (b) stimulate thyroid and other endocrine glands.
(c) initiate alarm reaction. (d) regulate water balance in body.
75. Which of the following hormone helps a person who suffers from a marked fall in blood pressure?
(a) Insulin (b) Thyroxine (c) GH (d) Adrenaline
76. Hormones involved in carbohydrate metabolism are
(a) insulin, glucagon, einephrine and calcitonin.
(b) insulin, glucagon, epinephrine and glucocorticoids.
(c) insulin, glucagon, cortisol and melatonin
(d) insulin, glucagon, norepinephrine and melatonin
77. Which of the following hormones are identical?
(a) ACTH and adrenaline
(b) hCG and progesterone
(c) Calcitonin and Oxytocin
(d) Vasopressin and ADH.
78. A man suffering from diabetes mellitus drinks water more frequently as he has to eliminate from
blood, the extra
(a) salts (b) Glucose (c) insulin (d) protein
79. Injection of glucagon will
(a) cause goitre
(b) cause galactosemia
(c) cause hypoglycemia
(d) increase blood sugar level
80. A person who has protruding eyes, tachycardia and higher body temperature is suffering from
(a) cretinism (b) hyperthyroidism
(c) myxoedema (d) acromegaly
81. A patient of diabetes mellitus excretes glucose in urine even when he is kept in a carbohydrate free
diet. It is because.
(a) fats are catabolized in adipose tissue to form glucose.
(b) amino acids are catabolised in liver.
(c) amino acids are discharged in blood stream from liver.
(d) glycogen from muscles are released in the blood stream.
82. Identify a hormone which is produced by the pituitary gland in both males and females but
functional only in females.
(a) Vasopressin (b) Relaxin
(c) Prolactin (d) Somatotropic hormone
83. Some glands produce hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands. Which of the following
hormones specifically acts to trigger secretion of hormones by another endocrine gland?
(a) Thyroxine
(b) Progesterone
(c) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
(d) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
84. In the homeostatic control of blood sugar level, which organ function respectively as modulator and
effector?
(a) Liver and islets of langerhans
(b) Hypothalamus and liver
(c) Hypothalamus and islets of langerhans
(d) Islets of langerhans and hypothalamus
85. The hormones that initiate ejection of milk, stimulates milk production and growth of ovarian
follicles, are respectively known as
(a) PRL, OT and LH (b) OT, PRL and FSH
(c) LH, PRL and FSH (d) PRH, OT and LH
86. Feeling the tremors of an earthquake a scared resident of seventh floor of a multistoryed building
starts climbing down the stairs rapidly. Which hormone initiated this action?
(a) Gastrin (b) Thyroxine
(c) Adrenaline (d) Glucagon
87. A pregnant female deliver a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation/low
intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is the result of
(a) low secretion of growth hormone
(b) cancer of the thyroid gland
(c) over secretion of pars distalis
(d) deficiency of iodine in diet
88. A health disorder that results from the deficiency of thyroxine in adults and characterized by a low
metabolic-rate, increase in body weight and tendency to retain water in tissues is
(a) cretinism (b) hypothyroidism
(c) simple goitre (d) myxoedema
89. In a normal pregnant woman, the amount of total ganadotropin activity was assessed. The result
expected was
(a) high levels of FSH and LH in uterus to stimulate endometrial thickening.
(b) high level of circulating HCG to stimulate estrogen and progesterone synthesis.
(c) high level of circulating FSH and LH in the uterus to stimulate implantation of the embryo.
(d) high level of circulating HCG to stimulate endometrial thickening.
90. STH or growth hormone (A) differs from insulin (B) in which of the following action?
(a) (A) causes glycogenesis but (B) causes glycolysis.
(b) (A) causes lipolysis but (B) causes lipogenesis.
(c) (A) is catabolic for protein but (B) is anabolic.
(d) (A) causes glycogenolysis but (B) causes glycogenesis.