CH and CL Series

CH1

CH2

CH4
Operation Manual

CL1

CL2

CL4

Obtaining Other Language Versions: To obtain information in another language about the use of this product, please contact your
local Crown Distributor. If you need assistance locating your local distributor, please contact Crown at 574-294-8000.
This manual does not include all of the details of design, production, or variations of the equipment. Nor does it cover every possible
situation which may arise during installation, operation or maintenance.
The information provided in this manual was deemed accurate as of the publication date. However, updates to this information may have
occurred. To obtain the latest version of this manual, please visit the Crown website at www.crownaudio.com.
Trademark Notice: Crown, Crown Audio, Amcron, and BCA are registered trademarks of Crown International. Other trademarks are
the property of their respective owners.

Some models may be exported under the name Amcron.®

©2006 by Crown Audio® Inc., 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd., Elkhart, Indiana 46517-9439 U.S.A. Telephone: 574-294-8000
130808-8
1/06
 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Important Safety Instructions

IMPORTANT
1) Read these instructions. 15) WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE
2) Keep these instructions. OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE Commercial Audio Series amplifiers require Class 2
3) Heed all warnings. THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE. output wiring.
4) Follow all instructions. 16) DO NOT EXPOSE TO DRIPPING OR SPLASH-
5) Do not use this apparatus near water. ING. DO NOT PLACE OBJECTS FILLED WITH
MAGNETIC FIELD
6) Clean only with a dry cloth. LIQUID, SUCH AS VASES,ON THIS APPARA-
7) Do not block any ventilation openings. Install TUS.
CAUTION! Do not locate sensitive high-gain equip-
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc- ment such as preamplifiers or tape decks directly
tions. TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT REMOVE
above or below the unit. Because this amplifier has a
8) Do not install near any heat sources such as TOP OR BOTTOM COVERS. NO USER SERVICE-
high power density, it has a strong magnetic field
radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other ABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO
which can induce hum into unshielded devices that
apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.
are located nearby. The field is strongest just above
heat. À PRÉVENIR LE CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE N’ENLEVEZ and below the unit.
9) Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polar- PAS LES COUVERCLES. IL N’Y A PAS DES PAR-
ized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug If an equipment rack is used, we recommend locat-
TIES SERVICEABLE À L’INTÉRIEUR. TOUS REPA-
has two blades with one wider than the other. ing the amplifier(s) in the bottom of the rack and the
RATIONS DOIT ETRE FAIRE PAR PERSONNEL
A grounding-type plug has two blades and a preamplifier or other sensitive equipment at the top.
QUALIFIÉ SEULMENT.
third grounding prong. The wide blade or the
TO COMPLETELY DISCONNECT THIS EQUIPMENT
third prong is provided for your safety. If the
FROM THE AC MAINS, DISCONNECT THE POWER
provided plug does not fit into your outlet,
SUPPLY CORD PLUG FROM THE AC RECEPTA-
consult an electrician for replacement of the
CLE. THE MAINS PLUG OF THE POWER SUPPLY
obsolete outlet. FCC COMPLIANCE NOTICE
CORD SHALL REMAIN READILY OPERABLE.
10) Protect the power cord from being walked on
or pinched, particularly at plugs, convenience This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
receptacles, and the point where they exit from WATCH FOR THESE SYMBOLS: must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
the apparatus. operation.
11) Only use attachments/accessories specified The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user
by the manufacturer. CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
to the risk of electric shock. compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
12) Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or
table specified by the manufacturer, or sold The exclamation point triangle is used to alert the NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
with the apparatus. When a cart is used, use user to important operating or maintenance instruc- digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
caution when moving the cart/apparatus com- tions. reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
bination to avoid injury from tip-over. and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to
13) Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
or when unused for long periods of time. particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-
14) Refer all servicing to qualified service person- sion reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
nel. Servicing is required when the apparatus
has been damaged in any way, such as power- • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
been spilled or objects have fallen into the • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
rain or moisture, does not operate normally,
or has been dropped.

page 2 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Crown International, Inc. DECLARATION of CONFORMITY

Issued By: Crown International, Inc. FOR COMPLIANCE QUESTIONS ONLY: Sue Whitfield
1718 W. Mishawaka Road 574-294-8289
Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A. [email protected]

European Representative's Name and Address:

Nick Owen
35, Bassets Field
Thornhill
Cardiff. South Glamorgen
CF14 9UG United Kingdom

Equipment Type: Commercial Audio Power Amplifiers

Family Name: CH Series, CL Series
Model Names: CH1, CH2, CH4, CL1, CL2, CL4

EMC Standards:
EN 55103-1:1995 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 1: Emissions
EN 55103-1:1995 Magnetic Field Emissions-Annex A @ 10 cm and 1 M
EN 61000-3-2:1995+A14:2000 Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions (equipment input current ≤16A per phase)
EN 61000-3-3:1995 Limitation of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Low-Voltage Supply Systems Rated Current ≤16A
EN 55022:1992 + A1: 1995 & A2:1997 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance Characteristics of ITE: Radiated, Class B Limits; Conducted, Class B
EN 55103-2:1996 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 2: Immunity
EN 61000-4-2:1995 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity (Environment E2-Criteria B, 4k V Contact, 8k V Air Discharge)
EN 61000-4-3:1996 Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Immunity (Environment E2, criteria A)
EN 61000-4-4:1995 Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity (Criteria B)
EN 61000-4-5:1995 Surge Immunity (Criteria B)
EN 61000-4-6:1996 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields (Criteria A)
EN 61000-4-11:1994 Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variation
Safety Standard:
EN 60065: 1998 Safety Requirements - Audio Video and Similar Electronic Apparatus
I certify that the product identified above conforms to the requirements of the EMC Council Directive 89/336/EEC as amended by 92/31/EEC, and the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EES as amended by 93/68/EEC.

Signed

Larry Coburn
Title: Senior Vice President of Manufacturing

The following applies to the CH 1, CH 2, CL 1 and CL 2 only.

Operation Manual Due to line current harmonics, we recommend that you contact your supply authority before connection. page 3
 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Table of Contents

Important Safety Instructions .......................................................2 4 Advanced Features and Options .............................. 19

Declaration of Conformity ............................................................3 4.1 Protection Systems ..................................................................19
1 Welcome ..................................................... 5 4.1.1 Power Circuit Breaker .....................................................19
1.1 Features ...........................................................................5 4.1.2 Proportional-speed or 3-speed Fan ................................19
1.2 How to Use This Manual ..................................................5 4.2 Advanced Features ..................................................................19
2 Setup ......................................................... 6 4.2.1 BCA® (CH4 and CL4 Only) .............................................19
2.1 Unpack Your Amplifier .....................................................6 4.2.2 Switching Power Supply with PFC (CH4 and CL4 Only) .19
2.2 Install Your Amplifier .......................................................6 4.3 Options .....................................................................................19
2.3 Ensure Proper Cooling ....................................................6 4.3.1 Input Sensitivity ...............................................................19
2.4 Choose Input Wire and Connectors .................................7 4.3.2 Crown SST Modules .......................................................19
2.5 Choose Output Wire and Connectors ...............................7 4.3.3 Fault Monitoring ..............................................................21
2.6 Switch Settings ................................................................8 4.3.4 Precision Detented Level Controls ...................................22
2.7 Wire Your System ............................................................9 5 Principles of Operation ........................................ 23
2.7.1 Models CH1 & CH2 Stereo Mode............................9 5.1 CH1, CH2, CL1 and CL2 .........................................................23
2.7.2 Models CH1 & CH2 140V Bridge Mode .................9 5.2 CH4 and CL4 ...........................................................................25
2.7.3 Model CH4 Stereo Mode ........................................10 5.2.1 Audio Signal Path ...........................................................25
2.7.4 Model CH4 Bridge Mode ........................................10 5.2.2 Power Supply Operation .................................................27
. 2.7.5 Models CL1 & CL2 Stereo Mode ............................11 6 Troubleshooting ................................................. 28
2.7.6 Models CL1 & CL2 Bridge Mode ...........................11 7 Specifications ................................................... 29
. 2.7.7 Model CL4 Stereo Mode .........................................12 8 AC Power Draw and Thermal Dissipation ................... 34
2.7.8 Model CL4 Bridge Mode ........................................12 9 Service ............................................................ 38
2.7.9 All Models: How to Parallel the Inputs 9.1 International and Canada Service ............................................38
in Stereo Mode ........................................................13 9.2 US Service ...............................................................................38
2.8 Connect to AC Mains .......................................................13 9.2.1 Service at a US Service Center ........................................38
2.9 Startup Procedure ............................................................13 9.2.2 Factory Service ...............................................................38
3 Operation .................................................... 14 9.2.3 Factory Service Shipping Instructions: ...........................38
3.1 Precautions ......................................................................14 9.2.4 Packing Instructions........................................................38
3.2 Indicators .........................................................................18 9.2.5 Estimate Approval............................................................38
3.3 Controls ...........................................................................18 9.2.6 Payment of Non-Warranty Repairs...................................38
10 Warranty ......................................................... 39
Crown Factory Service Information Form ............................................41

page 4 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Output Power
Output
Output Power
Power at
at 11 kHz
kHz at
at rated
rated THD;
THD; Stereo
Stereo mode,
mode, per
per channel
channel with
with both
both channels
channels driven.
driven.
STEREO MODE
STEREO MODE BRIDGE
BRIDGE MODE
MODE
2 Ohms 4 Ohms 8 Ohms 70V 4 Ohms 8 Ohms 140V
CH1 450W 275W 300W 900W 600W
CH2 660W 400W 600W 1320W 1200W
CH4 1400W 1200W 600W 1200W 2800W 2400W 2400W
CL1 560W 450W 275W 1100W 900W
CL2 975W 660W 400W 1950W 1320W
CL4 1800W* 1200W 600W 3600W* 2400W
* ≥ 200VAC Line Voltage

1 Welcome In addition, CH and CL Series amplifiers

include a number of features which require
• CL Series includes high power 2-ohm
operation, for jobs where low impedance is
DC, mismatched loads, general overheat-
ing, high frequency overloads and internal
some explanation before they can be used to the only requirement. faults.
Congratulations on your purchase of a Crown®
their maximum advantage.
CH or CL Series commercial power amplifier. • A red five-way Fault LED for each channel • Three Year, No-Fault, Fully-Transferable
The CH and CL Series is a complete family of Please take the time to study this manual so blinks during amplifier power-up, and Warranty completely protects your invest-
amplifiers with a wide range of power output that you can obtain the best possible service upon the following fault conditions: exces- ment and guarantees its specifications.
capabilities and output configurations. from your amplifier. sive heatsink temperature; transformer
thermal protection; short at amplifier out- 1.2 How to Use This Manual
CH Series amplifiers can directly drive “con- 1.1 Features put; output stage non-operational. This manual provides you with the necessary
stant voltage” lines, so you can avoid the
• The CH and CL Series amplifiers are information to safely and correctly setup and
expense of adding step-up transformers for • An RJ11 connector allows external circuits
designed specially for fixed installation, operate your amplifier. It does not cover every
distributed loudspeaker systems. CL Series to monitor the status of the Fault circuit.
and include the following features: aspect of installation, setup or operation that
amplifiers offer low-impedance compatibility
• Detented level controls are located on the might occur under every condition. For addi-
for applications where high-power, low-imped- • CH Series provides for both low imped-
back panel for security, and allow for accu- tional information, please consult Crown’s
ance loads are the primary requirement. ance and high impedance loads, with the
rate level settings. Amplifier Application Guide (available online at
choice of 4/8 ohm or 70V operation for
All CH and CL Series amplifiers feature www.crownaudio.com), Crown Technical Sup-
each channel. The output mode of each • Barrier strip output connectors allow for
Crown’s exclusive SST (System Solutions port, your system installer or retailer.
channel can be set independently, allowing quick easy connection regardless of the
Topologies) expansion system. The SST expan-
unique or mismatched loads to be driven load, and accept up to 10 AWG crimp-on
sion system makes it easy to tailor your ampli-
by each channel. terminal forks. We strongly recommend you read all instruc-
fier to a specific application or to add future
tions, warnings and cautions contained in this
technology as it develops (see Section 4.3.2 for • CH Series includes a 70-Hz high-pass fil- • SST modules provide flexible input
manual. Also, for your protection, please send
descriptions of available SSTs). ter for each channel (when used in 70V options, such as onboard crossover con-
in your warranty registration card today. And
mode) providing necessary low-frequency figurations.
Modern power amplifiers are sophisticated save your bill of sale — it’s your official proof
roll-off to eliminate saturation of constant
pieces of engineering capable of producing • Stereo/Bridge switch allows conversion of purchase.
voltage step-down transformers typically
extremely high power levels. They must be from Stereo mode to Bridge mode for
used in 70V distributed systems.
treated with respect and correctly installed if higher-powered single-channel operation.
they are to provide the many years of reliable
service for which they were designed. • Advanced protection circuitry guards
against: shorted outputs, open circuits,

Operation Manual page 5

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.1 Unpack Your Amplifier 2.2 Install Your Amplifier 2.3 Ensure Proper Cooling
Please unpack and inspect your amplifier for CAUTION: Before you begin, make sure When using an equipment rack, close any open
any damage that may have occurred during your amplifier is disconnected from the spaces in rack with blank panels. DO NOT
transit. If damage is found, notify the transpor- power source, with the power switch in block front or rear air vents. The side walls of
tation company immediately. Only you can ini- the “off” position and all level controls the rack should be a minimum of two inches
tiate a claim for shipping damage. Crown will turned completely down (counterclock- (5.1 cm) away from the amplifier sides, and the
be happy to help as needed. Save the shipping wise). back of the rack should be a minimum of four
carton as evidence of damage for the shipper’s inches (10.2 cm) from the amplifier back panel.
Use a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment
inspection.
rack (EIA RS-310B). See Figure 2.1 for ampli- For more information on cooling, please refer
We also recommend that you save all packing fier dimensions. to the Crown Amplifier Application Guide,
materials so you will have them if you ever available online at www.crownaudio.com.
You may also stack amps without using a
need to transport the unit. Never ship the
cabinet.
unit without the factory pack. Figure 2.2 illustrates standard amplifier airflow.
NOTE: When transporting, amplifiers should be
YOU WILL NEED (not supplied):
supported at both front and back.
• Input wiring cables
• Output wiring cables
Rack for mounting amplifier (or a stable surface
for stacking)
WARNING: Before you start to set up
your amplifier, make sure you read and
observe the Important Safety Instruc-
tions found at the beginning of this
manual.

Figure 2.2 Airflow

Figure 2.1 Mounting Dimensions

page 6 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup
2.4 Choose Input Wire
and Connectors
You have three choices of input connectors: 1/4-inch (6.35-mm)
phone, 3-pin XLR, or barrier strip. You can also use either bal-
anced or unbalanced wiring.
Figure 2.3 shows balanced connector pin assignments for XLR
and phone. Figure 2.4 shows unbalanced connector pin assign-
ments for XLR and phone.
Figure 2.5 shows barrier strip input wiring for a balanced signal.
Both channels should be wired using a common center terminal
for ground connection.
Figure 2.3 Balanced Figure 2.4 Unbalanced
NOTE: Custom wiring should only be performed by Input Connector Input Connector
qualified personnel. Wiring Wiring
Figure 2.5 Barrier Strip Input Wiring:
Balanced Signal In
2.5 Choose Output Wire
and Connectors
Crown recommends using professionally constructed, high-
quality, two- or four-conductor, heavy gauge speaker wire and
connectors. You may use terminal forks or bare wire for your out- Figure 2.6 How to
put connectors (see Figure 2.7). CH and CL Series amplifier ter- Remove the No-Touch
2. SLIDE then
Cover
minal strips accept up to 10 AWG terminal forks which fit over a PULL OFF
#8 screw.
To prevent the possibility of short circuits, wrap or otherwise
insulate exposed loudspeaker cable and connectors. Also, a no-
touch cover, which covers the terminal strips, is provided to help 1. LOOSEN
SCREWS
prevent short circuits. To remove this cover,
1. Loosen screws inside top and bottom holes of cover (see Fig-
ure 2.6).
2. Slide cover up or down, then pull it off away from the amplifier.
Using the guidelines below, select the appropriate size of wire
based on the distance from amplifier to speaker.
Distance Wire Size
up to 25 ft. 16 AWG
26-40 ft. 14 AWG
41-60 ft. 12 AWG
Over 60 ft. 10 AWG

3. Reinstall no-touch cover to maintain safety.

CAUTION: Never use shielded cable for output wiring.
Figure 2.7 CL Series and CH4 Output Connector Wiring

Operation Manual page 7

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.6 Switch Settings CH Series amplifiers only: Select 4/8 ohm WARNING: The two Output Operation
Proper wiring depends on how you configure or 70V operation as appropriate for your appli- switches must be set to identical posi-
your amplifier. The CH and CL Series offer vari- cation and your amplifier. Select output opera- tions (4/8 ohm or 70V mode) when oper-
ous modes of operation: tion by sliding the recessed Output Operation ating in Bridge mode. Never change
switches to the desired position as shown in switch positions with power turned on.
• Constant-voltage load Figure 2.9.
CAUTION: Output Terminals are acti-
• 4/8-ohm load vated by selection of an output opera-
• Stereo mode tion mode via the Output Operation
switches. All other Output Terminals are
• Bridge-mono mode inactive. For example, when 4/8 Ohm Opera-
Let’s explain each mode of operation tion is selected, the 70V connections are inac-
Channel Operation tive, with no audio present at those Output
Each output channel can be independently con- 4/8Ω 70V 4/8Ω 70V Terminals.
figured to drive either (1) 4/8-ohm loudspeak-
ers, or (2) step-down transformers in a CH1 CH2 Figures 2.9 through 2.16 on the following
distributed “constant voltage” loudspeaker sys- Model CH4 pages show common ways to install CH and CL
tem. “Constant voltage” refers to 70V operation Series amplifiers in a sound system. Input and
with models CH1, CH2 and CH4 only. Also, the output terminals are located on the back panel.
amplifier can be configured for Dual or Bridge Models CH1 and CH2
CAUTION: Always disconnect the AC
modes. Various combinations of these modes Figure 2.9 Channel Operation Switches power and turn the level controls off
are possible. when making or breaking connections.
When the CH Series amplifier is set up for two- This is very important when loudspeakers are
CH and CL Series amplifiers can be configured channel (Stereo mode) operation, it is possible
for either Stereo (dual channel) or Bridge (sin- connected because it reduces the chance of
to configure the output channels for either 4/8 loud blasts that can cause loudspeaker dam-
gle mono channel) modes of operation. To ohm or 70V operation.
switch your amplifier accordingly, set the age.
recessed “Stereo/Bridge” switch to the desired CAUTION: Never tie an amplifier’s out-
setting as shown in Figure 2.8. WARNING: If Bridge mode is used with puts together directly while in Stereo
70V output, the amplifier will actually mode. Never parallel them with the out-
deliver 140 volts. put of another amplifier. Such connections
do not result in increased output power, but
may cause overheating and premature activa-
tion of the protection circuitry.
Note: The Channel 2 input jack and Input Level
control are not defeated in Bridge mode. A sig-
Figure 2.8 Stereo/Bridge Mode Switch
nal feeding Channel 2 will work against the
Channel 1 signal, and usually results in distor-
tion and inefficient operation.

page 8 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.7 Wire Your System 8 or 4 ohms

2.7.1 Models CH1 & CH2 Stereo Mode

See Figure 2.10. In this example, Channel 1 is wired
to a 4/8 ohm load and Channel 2 is wired to a 70V
load.
Make sure the Mode switch is set to the “Stereo”
position. Set the Channel Operation Switch to
4/8 ohms on Channel1, and to 70V on Channel 2.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring for each channel.
OUTPUTS: Maintain proper polarity (+/–) on output
connectors.
• Connect Channel 1 positive speaker lead to
Channel 1 4/8 ohm output terminal.
• Connect Channel 1 negative speaker lead to
Channel 1 negative terminal. 70 V
• Connect Channel 2 positive transformer lead to
either of Channel 2 70V+ output terminals. (The two
70V screws are in parallel offering more wiring flexi-
bility). Figure 2.10 Models CH1 & CH2 Wiring for Stereo Mode
• Connect Channel 2 negative transformer lead to (Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)
Channel 2 negative (–) terminal.

Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin assign-

ments.

2.7.2 Models CH1 & CH2 140V Bridge

Mode
See Figure 2.11. In this example, a 140V load is
connected in Bridge Mono across the 70V+ termi-
nals of Channel 1 and Channel 2. Both Channel
Operation Switches are set to 70V. Make sure the
Mode switch is set to the “Bridge” position.
NOTE: When operating in Bridge-Mono
mode, turn down (full CCW) the level control
for Channel 2, as the Channel-1 level control
works both channels.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to Channel 1.
OUTPUTS: Connect positive (+) transformer lead to
Channel 1 70V+ output terminal. Connect negative
(–) transformer lead to Channel 2 70V+ output termi-
nal.
Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin assign- Figure 2.11 Models CH1 & CH2 Wiring for 140V Bridge Mode
ments. (Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)
Operation Manual page 9
 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup
8 or 4 ohms

2.7.3 Model CH4 Stereo Mode

See Figure 2.12. In this example, Channel 1 is
wired to a 4/8 ohm load and Channel 2 is wired 70 V
to a 70V load.
Make sure the Mode switch is set to the “Stereo”
position. Set the Channel Operation Switch to
4/8 ohms on Channel1, and to 70V on Channel
2.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring for each channel.
OUTPUTS:
• Connect Channel 1 positive (+) speaker lead
to Channel 1 positive (+) terminal of amp.
• Connect Channel 1 negative (–) speaker lead
to Channel 1 negative (–) output terminal of
amp.
• Connect Channel 2 positive (+) transformer
lead to Channel 2 positive terminal of amp.
• Connect Channel 2 negative (–) transformer
lead to Channel 2 negative (–) output terminal of Figure 2.12 Model CH4 Wiring for Stereo Mode
amp. (Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin

assignments.

2.7.4 Model CH4 Bridge Mode

+
See Figure 2.13. In this example, a 4/8-ohm load
is connected in Bridge Mono across the positive
terminals of Channel 1 and Channel 2. Both
Channel Operation Switches are set to 4/8 ohms.
Make sure the Mode switch is set to the “Bridge”
position.
NOTE: When operating in Bridge-Mono
mode, turn down (full CCW) the level Mixer
control for Channel 2, as the Channel-1
level control works both channels.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to Channel 1.
OUTPUTS: Connect positive (+) speaker lead to
Channel 1 positive (+) terminal of amp. Connect
negative (–) speaker lead to Channel 2 positive
(+) terminal of amp. Do not connect to negative
output terminals.
Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin Figure 2.13 Model CH4 Wiring for Bridge Mode
assignments. (Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

page 10 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.7.5. Models CL1 & CL2 Stereo

Mode
See Figure 2.14. In this example, Channel 1 and
Channel 2 are wired to 4/8-ohm speaker loads. Mixer

Make sure the Mode switch is set to the “Stereo”

position.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring for each channel.
OUTPUTS:
• Connect Channel 1 positive (+) speaker lead
to Channel 1 positive (+) terminal of amp.
• Connect Channel 1 negative (–) speaker lead
to Channel 1 negative (–) output terminal of
amp.
• Repeat similarly for Channel 2.
Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin
assignments.

Figure 2.14 Models CL1 & CL2 Wiring for Stereo Mode
(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

2.7.6 Models CL1 & CL2 Bridge

Mode
See Figure 2.15. In this example, a 4/8-ohm load
is connected in Bridge Mono across the positive
terminals of Channel 1 and Channel 2. Make
sure the Mode switch is set to the “Bridge” posi- Mixer
tion.
NOTE: When operating in Bridge-Mono
mode, turn down (full CCW) the level
control for Channel 2, as the Channel-1
level control works both channels.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to Channel 1.
OUTPUTS: Connect positive (+) speaker lead to
Channel 1 positive (+) terminal of amp. Connect
negative (–) speaker lead to Channel 2 positive
(+) terminal of amp. Do not connect to negative
output terminals.
Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin
assignments. Figure 2.15 Models CL1 & CL2 Wiring for Bridge Mode
(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

Operation Manual page 11

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.7.7. Model CL4 Stereo Mode

See Figure 2.16. In this example, Channel 1 and
Channel 2 are wired to 4/8-ohm speaker loads.
Make sure the Mode switch is set to the “Stereo”
position.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring for each channel.
OUTPUTS:
• Connect Channel 1 positive (+) speaker lead
to Channel 1 positive (+) terminal of amp.
• Connect Channel 1 negative (–) speaker lead
to Channel 1 negative (–) output terminal of
amp.
• Repeat similarly for Channel 2.
Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin
assignments.

Figure 2.16 Model CL-4 Wiring for Stereo Mode

(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

2.7.8 Model CL4 Bridge Mode

See Figure 2.17. In this example, a 4/8-ohm load
is connected in Bridge Mono across the positive
terminals of Channel 1 and Channel 2. Make
sure the Mode switch is set to the “Bridge” posi-
tion.
NOTE: When operating in Bridge-Mono
mode, turn down (full CCW) the level
control for Channel 2, as the Channel-1
level control works both channels.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring to CH1.
OUTPUTS: Connect positive (+) speaker lead to
Channel 1 positive (+) terminal of amp. Connect
negative (–) speaker lead to Channel 2 positive
(+) terminal of amp. Do not connect to negative
output terminals.
Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin
assignments.

Figure 2.17 Model CL4 Wiring for Bridge Mode

(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)
page 12 Operation Manual
CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

2 Setup

2.7.9 All Models: How to Parallel the connector to Channel-2 XLR connector. CH4, CL4 2.9 Startup Procedure
Inputs in Stereo Mode only: Using a stereo phone-to-phone cable, con- Use the following procedure when first turning on
There are three ways to feed the same signal to each nect Channel 1 Combo connector to Channel 2 your amplifier:
amplifier channel: Combo connector.
1. Turn down the level of your audio source.
1. Buy a “Y” cable. Plug the female end into your
signal cable, and plug the split male ends into both 2.8 Connect to AC Mains 2. Turn down the level controls of the amplifier.
amplifier inputs. Connect your amplifier to the AC mains power
source (power outlet) with the supplied AC power 3. Turn on the “Power” switch. The Power indica-
2. Feed your signal to the Channel-1 input (either tor should glow.
barrier-block or XLR/Combo). Connect a jumper cordset. First, connect the IEC end of the cordset to
wire (Figure 2.18) between the barrier-block Chan- the IEC connector on the amplifier; then, plug the 4. Turn up the level of your audio source to an
nel-1 (+) screw terminal and the Channel-2 (+) other end of the cordset to the AC mains. optimum level.
screw terminal. Connect another jumper wire WARNING: The third prong of this connector 5. Turn up the Level controls on the amplifier until
between the Channel-1 (–) screw terminal and the (ground) is an important safety feature. Do the desired loudness or power level is
Channel-2 not attempt to disable this ground connec- achieved.
(–) screw terminal. tion by using an adapter or other methods.
3. Feed your signal to the Channel-1 input screw 6. Turn down the level of your audio source to its
Amplifiers don’t create energy. The AC mains volt- normal range.
terminals. CH1, CH2, CL1 only: Using a male
age and current must be sufficient to deliver the
XLR-to-male XLR cable, connect Channel-1 XLR power you expect. You must operate your amplifier If you ever need to make any wiring or installation
from an AC mains power source with not more than changes, don’t forget to disconnect the power cord.
a 10% variation above or a 15% variation below the For help with determining your system’s optimum
amplifier’s specified line voltage and within the gain structure (signal levels) please refer to the
specified frequency requirements (indicated on the Crown Amplifier Application Guide, available online
amplifier’s back panel label). If you are unsure of the at www.crownaudio.com.
output voltage of your AC mains, please consult
your electrician.

Figure 2.18 Jumper Positions to Parallel the Inputs

Operation Manual page 13

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

3.1 Precautions 4. WARNING: Never connect the output to

Your amplifier is protected from internal and exter- a power supply, battery or power main.
nal faults, but you should still take the following Electrical shock may result.
precautions for optimum performance and safety:
5. Tampering with the circuitry, or making unau-
1. Before use, your amplifier first must be config- thorized circuit changes may be hazardous and
ured for proper operation, including input and invalidates all agency listings.
output wiring hookup. Improper wiring can
6. Do not operate the amplifier with the red Clip
result in serious operating difficulties. For
LEDs constantly flashing.
information on wiring and configuration, please
consult the Setup section of this manual or, for 7. Do not overdrive the mixer, which will cause
advanced setup techniques, consult Crown’s clipped signal to be sent to the amplifier. Such
Amplifier Application Guide available online at signals will be reproduced with extreme accu-
www.crownaudio.com. racy, and loudspeaker damage may result.
2. Use care when making connections, selecting 8. Do not operate the amplifier with less than the
signal sources and controlling the output level. rated load impedance. Due to the amplifier’s
The load you save may be your own! output protection, such a configuration may
result in premature clipping and speaker dam-
3. Do not short the ground lead of an output cable
age.
to the input signal ground. This may form a
ground loop and cause oscillations. Remember: Crown is not liable for damage that
results from overdriving other system components.

page 14 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

POWER
FAULT FAULT
CLIP CLIP
SIGNAL SIGNAL

“OFF” Position “ON” Position Power Indicator

Power Switch Channel 1 Signal, Channel 2 Signal,

Clip & Fault Indicators Clip & Fault Indicators

Figure 3.1 CH and CL Series Front Panel Controls and Indicators

Figure 3.2 Models CH1 & CH2 Back Panel Controls and Connectors
(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

Operation Manual page 15

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

Figure 3.3 Model CH4 Back Panel Controls and Connectors

(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

Figure 3.4 Models CL1 & CL2 Back Panel Controls and Connectors
(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)
page 16 Operation Manual
CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

3-Speed Fan-On-Demand

Figure 3.5 Model CL4 Back Panel Controls and Connectors

(Shown with No-Touch Cover Removed)

Operation Manual page 17

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

3 Operation

3.2 Indicators The red Clip indicators turn on when distor- A two-position Output Operation switch
The front panel of a Contractor Series amplifier tion is audible in the amplifier output. (CH Series amplifiers only) allows the selection
has several helpful indicators (Figure 3.6). The of either 4/8 ohm or 70V output from the ampli-
The green Signal Presence Indicators
blue Power indicator shows that the amplifier fier. See Section 2 for more information about
(SPI) illuminate when a signal (>–40 dBm) is
has been turned on and has power. output operating modes.
present at the INPUT of the amplifier. This indi-
cator is before the level control, so it can be Fault Jack: This RJ11 jack (which looks like a
used to troubleshoot wiring problems within a phone jack) is located on the back panel. By
system. If the indicators are not lit, signal is not attaching a signalling device to the Fault jack,
POWER reaching the amplifier. you can monitor the amplifier’s Fault status
FAULT FAULT from a remote location. See Section 4.3.3 for
CLIP CLIP 3.3 Controls
SIGNAL SIGNAL
more information on fault monitoring and sug-
The Enable switch is located on the front gestions for signalling device circuity.
panel so you can easily turn the amplifier on
A circuit breaker is provided to prevent the
and off.
Figure 3.6 Indicators
high-voltage power supplies from drawing
A 21-position Detented Level Control is excessive current. A Reset switch for the cir-
provided for each channel. Level attenuation cuit breaker is provided on the back panel. If
The red Fault indicators blink under five dif- may be adjusted in steps. For security, the level the circuit breaker trips, the Power indicator
ferent conditions: controls are located on the back panel. turns off. In this situation, turn off the Power
switch and reset the circuit breaker. Then, turn
1. When the amplifier is first powered up, until A two-position Mode switch, located on the the Power switch back on. If it trips again or the
the unit is ready for operation. back panel, allows the selection of either Stereo unit fails to operate properly, contact an autho-
or Bridge mode of operation. rized Crown Service Center or Crown Factory
2. If the heatsinks reach a temperature above
normal working limits. This can be caused by Stereo mode provides identical power output to Service.
any number of abnormal conditions including each of the two amplifier output channels.
but not limited to extremely low load imped- Bridge mode combines the two amplifier output
ance and/or inadequate cooling (see Section 1 channels into a single mono channel with twice
for more information on cooling). the voltage of a single stereo channel. It does
this by bridging the outputs, and it requires
3. If the transformer (high-voltage power sup-
special output wiring. Do NOT select Bridge
ply) thermal protection circuit is activated.
mode without first making sure the
Higher than rated output levels, excessively
amplifier has been wired in a Bridge-
low-impedance loads and unreasonably high
Mono configuration. For more information
input signals can generate more heat in the
on wiring for Bridge mode, see the Setup sec-
power supply than in the output devices. This
tion of this manual (Section 2), or consult your
can overheat the power supply and activate the
system installer.
Fault protection circuit.
When Bridge mode is selected, only the Chan-
4. If amplifier output wires develop a short-cir-
nel 1 Level control and the Channel 1 Signal
cuit. This could be caused by a short anywhere
indicator will work. If the Channel 2 input is
along the circuit from the output connectors to
wired, the Channel 2 Level Control should be
the speakers, including shorted speaker driv-
turned all the way down (counter/anti-clock-
ers.
wise) to prevent distortion.
5. If the amplifier output stage stops operating.

page 18 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

4 Advanced Features
and Options
NOTE: For detailed information about these With their superior efficiency, BCA amplifiers can 4.3.2 Crown SST Modules
Crown amplifier features, please consult help to keep power requirements lower, while still Crown optional SST (System Solution Topologies)
the Crown Amplifier Application Guide, providing excellent audio reproduction. And Crown modules were specially designed to improve the
available on the Crown website at BCA amplifiers are tough—easily handling very fidelity and versatility of your audio system. They
www.crownaudio.com. low (and highly reactive) load impedances, even feature a variety of professional signal routing and
under extreme conditions. In fact, Crown BCA amps filtering capabilities, with active crossovers that
4.1 Protection Systems have far out-performed competitive amplifiers in allow the audio signal to be split and sent to auxil-
CH and CL Series amplifiers are protected against tests where the amplifier was run as much as 12 dB iary amplifiers. Your amplifier may have come with
shorted, open or mismatched loads; overloaded into clip for extended periods of time. an SST module already factory-installed, or your
power supplies; excessive temperature, chain choice of SST modules can be easily added to the
destruction phenomena, input overload damage and 4.2.2 Switching Power Supply with amplifier by any authorized Crown Service Center.
high-frequency blowups. They also protect loud- PFC (CH4 and CL4 Only)
speakers from input/output DC, large or dangerous Crown’s new Switching Power Supply with PFC For information on wiring and configuration of
DC offsets and turn-on/turn-off transients. provides a range of benefits over both non-switch- amplifiers equipped with an optional Crown SST
ing and conventional switching power-supply crossover module, please refer to the SST Cross-
4.1.1 Power Circuit Breaker designs. over Reference Manual included in your literature
A back-panel push button is used to reset the circuit package.
Typical non-switching power supplies require large
breaker that protects the power supply. Available in Refer to the following descriptions for an overview
transformers in order to produce the required power
CH1, CH2, CL1 and CL2. of available Crown SST crossover modules. Crown
at the output stage. These transformers must be
large to absorb the waste that occurs when operat- plans to release additional accessory plug-in mod-
4.1.2 Proportional-speed or 3-speed ules offering a range of advanced features and capa-
Fan ing at 50 to 60 Hz (standard AC supplied by the
power company). bilities. Watch for new releases.
In the CH1, CH2, CL1 and CL2, a proportional-
speed fan directs the airflow through the amplifier By contrast, switching power supplies can operate
for cooling. In the CH4 and CL4, a 3-speed Fan-On- with a much smaller (and lighter) transformer
Demand does the same thing. because they first convert the AC up to a much
higher frequency, thereby reducing waste.
4.2 Advanced Features
4.3 Options
4.2.1 BCA® (CH4 and CL4 Only)
BCA (Balanced Current Amplifier) is Crown’s pat- 4.3.1 Input Sensitivity
ented, cutting-edge technology that gets more Input Sensitivity is factory set to1.4V for each chan-
power out of an amplifier with less waste than was nel. With this setting, a 1.4V input signal will drive
ever before possible. A completely new adaptation the amplifier to full power into an 8-ohm load when
of standard amplifier design, Crown’s BCA “switch- the Level Controls are turned to maximum. This set-
ing” amplifier design provides for high output, ting works best when the amplifier is being driven
exceptional reliability and nearly twice the efficiency by equipment with a +4 dBu output. Optionally, the
of typical amplifier designs. Input Sensitivity for each channel can be individu-
ally set to either 0.775V or 26 dB. To have the input
While switching designs have been used success-
sensitivity changed on your amplifier, contact an
fully in other applications, these designs were never
authorized Crown Service Center
before suitable for use in precision, high-power
audio amplifier applications. Crown’s BCA technol-
ogy changes that, with a totally new paradigm for
amplifier design that represents the future of profes-
sional amplifiers.

Operation Manual page 19

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

4 Advanced Features
and Options
SST-SBSC-3632T SST-4622
This is a custom three-channel crossover net- See Figure 4.1. This is a custom two-channel
work with CD-horn equalization and summed crossover network with equalization specifically
low-frequency output specifically designed for designed for use with JBL® model 4622
use with JBL® model 3632T ScreenArray® ScreenArray® cinema speaker systems
cinema speaker systems installed in cinemas, installed in cinemas, studio production and
studio production and post-production envi- post-production environments.
ronments.
Features include:
Features:
• Low-frequency signals are internally
• High-frequency signals are internally routed to the channel-one amplifier input,
routed to the channel-one amplifier input, and high-frequency signals are routed to
and mid-frequency signals are routed to the channel-two amplifier input.
the channel-two amplifier input.
• Barrier block connectors for balanced sig-
• Mono summing of low-frequency signals nal input.
are routed from Output B to an external
amplifier.
SST-3632
• Neutrik® Combo jacks for balanced input Figure 4.1
Like the SST-4622 but for the JBL 3632 cinema
connection. SST-4622 Crossover Network
speaker systems.
• Removable barrier block connectors for
Additional features include:
balanced output to other components.
• Time correction via an all-pass analog
delay ensures coherent summation
SST-SBSC 4632T
through the crossover region, while main-
Like the SST-SBSC 3632T but for the JBL taining optimal vertical polar response.
4632T cinema speakers.
SST-4632
Like the SST-3632 but for the JBL 4632 cinema
speaker systems.

page 20 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

4 Advanced Features
and Options
4.3.3 Fault Monitoring
The Fault (RJ-11) jack, which looks like a tele-
phone plug, is located on the back of your CH
or CL amplifier (Figure 4.2). It gives you an
easy way to remotely monitor the amplifier’s
fault status. To set up a circuit that will cause an
LED to light whenever a fault status occurs, you
can simply use the suggested circuit shown in
Figure 4.3.
When using this circuit, the LED will glow
whenever the amplifier is in one of four states: a
channel’s heatsink has reached its temperature Figure 4.2 Location of Fault Jack
limit, the transformer has reached its tempera-
ture limit, the amplifier has just been turned on
and is in its turn-on-delay mode, or the ampli-
fier is turned off.
If you choose to design your own circuit to
interface this signal to your system, note that
this RJ jack is polarity sensitive. Pin 2 must be
grounded, and Pin 5 must be supplied with a
positive voltage pull up (positive with respect
to ground). Refer to Figure 4.4 for RJ jack pin
assignments. The maximum signal that can be
exposed to the fault jack is 35VDC and 10 mA.
Best results are obtained with 10 mA LEDs.
The mating connector for the RJ-11 jack con-
tains 4 contact pins in a 6-slot case, as shown.
For additional information please contact your Figure 4.3 Fault Status LED Circuitry
local dealer or Crown Technical Support.

Figure 4.4 RJ-11 Jack Wiring and Pin Assignments

Operation Manual page 21

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

4 Advanced Features
and Options
4.3.4 Precision Detented Level ATTENUATION in dB
Controls
A 21-position Precision Detented Level Control Detent 4/8 Ohm 70V 100V
is provided for each channel. Level attenuation
may be adjusted in precise steps as shown in 0 (full CCW) -68.31 -72.90 -71.02
Figure 4.5. For security, the level controls are 1 -67.54 -72.06 -70.26
located on the back panel.
2 -32.23 -36.61 -34.90
3 -25.46 -29.74 -28.00
4 -21.83 -25.87 -24.22
5 -19.23 -23.20 -21.58
6 -17.12 -20.94 -19.40
7 -15.36 -19.02 -17.53
8 -13.76 -17.22 -15.79
9 -12.28 -15.53 -14.20
10 -10.84 -13.90 -12.62
11 -9.51 -12.32 -11.16
12 -8.28 -10.87 -9.81
13 -7.09 -9.45 -8.45
14 -6.03 -8.11 -7.22
15 -4.92 -6.70 -5.94
16 -3.82 -5.26 -4.63
17 -2.62 -3.70 -3.21
18 -1.35 -1.90 -1.66
19 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01
20 (full CW) 0.00 0.00 0.00

Figure 4.5 Level-control Attenuation per Detent

page 22 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

5 Principles of Operation

5.1 CH1, CH2, CL1 and CL2 The signal then travels either through the HP prevent thermal runaway and hold the ampli-
For the sake of simplicity, only channel one of filter module or is bypassed around it depend- fier’s notch distortion to a minimum.
the amplifier is described. ing on the position of the channel operation
The predrivers provide enough signal to acti-
switch. In the CH1 and CH2, with the switch set
Signal is presented to the amplifier through one vate the drivers, which together operate in the
in the 70V position, the filter is enabled. The fil-
of three connectors when using the standard class AB range. For the major output current
ter is an 18 dB-per-octave high-pass with a –3
input module. Each channel is outfitted with a requirements, the drivers feed the various num-
dB rolloff at 70 Hz. This provides a measure of
balanced XLR connector and a barrier strip. bers of paralleled output transistors which
protection to step-down transformers used in
These connectors are wired in parallel, which operate in a class B mode. This is referred to as
distributed speakers installations. With the
allows daisy chaining when needed. The signal the Triple-Deep Darlington Output Stages.
switch set in the 4/8 Ohm setting, the filter is
is then converted from balanced to unbalanced bypassed. The output transistors are protected by the Time
in the Balanced Input Stage where it also Dependent Voltage & Current circuit. This cir-
receives RFI protection. Signal then flows into The signal next enters the main amplifier error
cuit protects the devices from extending
the Variable Gain Stage where the rear-panel amp where it is mixed with a small portion of
beyond their safe area of operation, but allows
level controls are allowed to affect the gain. the output signal in such a way as to control the
the devices to provide high bursts of peak
amplifier’s overall output performance.
Following this stage, the signal is put under the power when needed. This amplifier output
control of a full-time compressor circuit com- Following the error amp is the LVA stage, where topology offers a good combination of low qui-
prised of a symmetrical window detector, a the low-voltage referenced signal gets trans- escent amplifier heating, great distortion per-
buffer amplifier, and the gating op amp which lated to the output high-voltage rails. The last formance at high powers, and relative
uses several small components to set the com- voltage amplifier, in conjunction with a boot- simplicity, with impressive reliability and value.
pressor’s attack and decay characteristics. The strap current source, drives both predrivers and
All output power is delivered through a chan-
actual compressing is accomplished by an the bias servo. The bias servo is mounted in
nel-independent, dead front barrier block on
opto-isolator which affects the gain in the sig- such a way as to translate the output heatsink
the back panel. When the Channel Operation
nal path. temperature into a controlled bias current to

70V

70V

4 / 8 OHMS

BALANCED
INPUT STAGE

Figure 5.1 Models CH1 & CH2 Circuit Block Diagram

Operation Manual page 23

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

5 Principles of Operation

switch is set to 4/8 Ohm, only the negative and ture rises, the probe sends a proportional cur- change to a high resistance, allowing the user
4/8 ohm connections on the barrier block have rent to the proportional speed fan circuit which to remotely detect the status of the amplifier.
audio present. This provides power to low starts the fan. Should the power transformer
The Signal Presence Indicators tap the signal
impedance speakers. When the Channel Opera- reach its maximum safe temperature, an inter-
chain just before the level controls and prior to
tion switch is set to 70V, only the negative and nal thermal switch opens and the fan circuit
the power amplifier chain. They are not ampli-
70V connections on the barrier block have turns on full speed to quickly cool down the
fier output indicators and should only be used
audio present. This provides power to distrib- amplifier. It also disconnects the load via the
to indicate the presence of signal at the ampli-
uted speakers in a high-impedance “constant- output relay, removing any output current and
fier front end.
voltage” application. further speeding a cool-down cycle. This point
is set both to protect speakers and to guard The Clip Indicator is driven from the output of
The output relay, in conjunction with input sig-
against nuisance tripping. the compressor circuitry and lights to indicate
nal mute circuit, assures a quiet turn-on and
the onset of audible distortion.
turn-off. In the event of an amplifier output fail- Whenever the heatsinks or the transformer
ure, a triac will activate to turn off the offending reach a maximum temperature, or during the The Power Indicator LED is driven from the
channel to protect the speakers. normal turn on delay window, the front panel low-voltage supply.
Fault Indicators will blink.
The turn-on delay circuit functions to keep the A positive and negative regulator form the ±15-
output relay open until all the voltages are up An RJ11 modular jack is mounted on the back volt power supplies. Add to that the main trans-
and stable, both in the amplifier, and in all the panel. Pins 2 and 5 are connected to an opto- former, a full-wave bridge rectifier, and high
components in the system ahead of the ampli- isolator which is always in a low-resistance energy electrolytic to form the main power sup-
fier. state whenever the unit is on and operational. ply. They are protected by the front-panel line
Should a fault be detected or should the ampli- circuit breaker and controlled by the front-panel
Heatsink temperature is monitored by a thermal
fier lose AC power, the opto-isolator will power switch.
probe attached to the heatsink. As the tempera-

BALANCED
INPUT STAGE

Figure 5.2 Models CL1 & CL2 Circuit Block Diagram

page 24 Operation Manual
CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

5 Principles of Operation

5.2 CH4 and CL4 Following this stage, the signal goes through a yield the proper frequency response behavior.
gain stage that allows for the various positions The Gaussian filter type is unique in that it has
5.2.1 Audio Signal Path of the sensitivity settings. The signal is then put minimal ringing and excellent phase response
For the sake of simplicity, only channel one of under the control of a full-time compressor cir- so even a high-order filter such as this one
the audio signal path is described. cuit comprised of a symmetrical window detec- does not adversely affect the sonic excellence
tor, a buffer amplifier, and the gating op amp of the product.
Signal is presented to the CH4/CL4 through
which uses several small components to set the
one of three connectors when using the stan- In the CH4, the signal then travels either
compressor’s attack and decay characteristics.
dard input module. Each channel is outfitted through the HP filter module or is bypassed
The actual compressing is accomplished by an
with a balanced XLR/phone jack, and a barrier around it depending on the position of the
opto-isolator that affects the gain in the signal
strip. These connectors are wired in parallel, channel operation switch. With the switch set in
path.
which allows daisy chaining when needed. The the 70V position, the filter is enabled. The filter
signal is then converted from balanced to Next, the signal enters a 32-kHz 7th-Order is an 18 dB-per-octave high-pass with a –3-dB
unbalanced in the Balanced Input Stage where Gaussian Low-Pass Filter. This filter prevents rolloff at 70 Hz. This provides a measure of
it also receives RFI protection. Signal then the modulator stage and the output filter (both protection to step-down transformers used in
flows into the Variable Gain Stage where the described below) from receiving signals that distributed speakers installations. With the
front panel level controls are allowed to affect are too high. Without the 32-kHz filter, the switch set in the 4/8-Ohm setting, the filter is
the gain. modulator would be unable to process signals bypassed. The power is delivered to the load
that are too high and the output filter would not cables through the output connector panel
which consists of one of several options.

Figure 5.3 Model CH4 Circuit Block Diagram

Operation Manual page 25

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

5 Principles of Operation

The signal next enters the main amplifier error output devices are now able to produce PWM Protection for the output devices is performed
amp where it is mixed with a small portion of pulses that have an output voltage from the by a very precise pulse-by-pulse current limiter
the output voltage and current in such a way as negative high-voltage rail (–Vcc) to the positive circuit that operates each time the output
to control the amplifier’s overall output perfor- high-voltage rail (+Vcc). This output voltage is devices switch. The current limiting is “flat”
mance. always the same (2 * Vcc) but the width of the meaning that, regardless of the output voltage,
pulses is still dependent on the level of the the output current always limits at a certain
Following the error amp is the modulator stage
input signal. The positive and negative output value.
where the audio signal is compared to an
PWM pulses then pass through inductors and
extremely accurate 250-kHz triangle waveform. The turn-on delay circuitry functions to keep
are summed together. Summing the output sig-
Comparators output a Pulse Width Modulated the modulators turned off (which keeps the out-
nals through inductors reconstructs the audio
(PWM) string of pulses at 250 kHz that vary in puts from switching) until all supplies are up
signal, amplified to the desired level. There is a
width depending on the level of the input sig- and stable.
small amount of ripple on the output that is at
nal. These strings of pulses, one for the posi-
double the switching frequency (500 kHz). Thermal probes monitor Heatsink tempera-
tive side and one for the negative side, are
tures and power transformer temperature. As
connected to the output stage via optocouplers. The amplified audio signal is then passed
the temperatures rise, the probes send a pro-
through an output filter that removes the resid-
The signals from the optos are then passed to portional voltage to the fan control circuit and
ual ripple voltage.
gate drivers that amplify the pulses to the level the Thermal Limit Control (TLC) circuit. The fan
required to drive output devices. The driven

Figure 5.4 Model CL4 Circuit Block Diagram

page 26 Operation Manual
CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

5 Principles of Operation

normally runs at very low speed when the The Clip indicators are driven from the output The power then goes to the “buck” isolation
amplifier is idling or when it is being used for of the compressor circuitry and light to indicate stage. This stage takes the 400 Volt PFC volt-
low to moderate duty work. If the amplifier is the onset of audible distortion. The Power indi- age and, again using switching power supply
delivering large amounts of power into low cator LED is driven from the low-voltage sup- technology, converts it down (“bucks” it down)
impedance loads, the heatsinks or transformer ply. to the level needed to power the audio output
may heat up enough to increase the speed of stage. The isolation stage also satisfies a safety
the fan to medium and possibly to high speed. 5.2.2 Power Supply Operation requirement by providing isolation, using a
If the temperature continues to increase, the AC power enters the amplifier through a power transformer, between the AC mains power and
TLC circuit uses the compressor to reduce the cord equipped with an IEC (unplugable) con- the power that is delivered to the speakers. The
gain of the input stage and thus reduce the nector. It then is passed through the EMI filter. isolation stage moves power 125,000 times
power dissipated by the amplifier. As a further Circuits that use switching technology will nor- each second from the primary to the secondary
protective measure, if the temperature contin- mally send a small amount of high-frequency to power the audio output stage and keep its
ues to rise (due to blocked airflow for example), noise back down the power cord and into the large energy reservoir capacitors full.
the amplifier will stop running and keep the fan power distribution system. This noise must be
In order to keep the power supply controllers,
on high speed to quickly bring the temperature removed in order to sell the unit in certain parts
protection circuits, and the audio signal path
back to an operational level. of the world. Since the CH4/CL4 is a worldwide
components powered, another switching power
product, the EMI filter removes this noise so
If a signal presented at the input of the amplifier supply is used, this one also running at 125
that it does not exit the box.
will not be passed through to the output, the kHz. This one is also a “buck” type supply in
Fault LED will blink to get your attention. The The power then enters the Power Factor Cor- that it takes voltage from the 400 Volt PFC bus
turn-on delay, for example, will cause each rection (PFC) Boost stage. This stage is what and converts it down to the low voltages
channel’s LED to blink because the amplifier allows the CH4/CL4 to be plugged into any needed. This circuit also uses a transformer to
remains in standby for a few seconds before it outlet in the world without any modifications to provide safety isolation.
allows audio output. the amplifier. The PFC stage uses switching
Like the audio signal path parts of the amplifier,
power supply technology to take whatever AC
An RJ11 modular jack is mounted on the back there are many ways that the power supply pro-
line voltage comes in, convert it to DC and
panel. Pins 2 and 5 are connected to an opto- tects itself. Part of the start-up time delay men-
boost it to 400 Volts. The circuit also uses
isolator that is always in a low-resistance state tioned above occurs while the power supply is
intelligence to draw the current from the line
whenever the unit is on and happy. Should a ramping up all of its voltages (soft-start) so that
sinusoidally and in phase with the line voltage.
fault be detected or should the amplifier lose large inrush currents are avoided. Current lim-
This reduces the load on the power companies
AC power, the opto-isolator will change to a iters and over-current detectors are used to
and also allows the amplifier to pull more peak
high resistance, allowing the user to remotely protect the power supply output devices. The
power from the power source (the outlet). The
detect the status of the amplifier. power supply will also detect severe brownouts
power is drawn in small amounts 62,500 times
and shut off the supply until the brown-out is
The Signal Presence Indicators tap the signal each second and is used to provide power to
over if the line voltage is drastically less than
chain just before the level controls and prior to the isolation stage and to fill the large energy
normal.
the power amplifier chain. They are not ampli- reservoir capacitors.
fier output indicators and should only be used
to indicate the presence of signal to the ampli-
fier front end.

Operation Manual page 27

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

6 Troubleshooting

CONDITION: Power indicator is off. CONDITION: Fault indicator is on.

POSSIBLE REASON POSSIBLE REASON:
• The amplifier has lost AC power. • The amplifier output stage has stopped
operating. Refer the unit to an authorized
• The amplifier’s Power switch is off. Crown Service Center.
• The amplifier is not plugged into the
power receptacle.
• The power supply circuit breaker has
tripped. Verify that input levels and out- CONDITION: Distorted sound.
put impedances are within safe ranges.
POSSIBLE REASON:
Turn off the Power switch and reset the
circuit breaker. Then, turn the Power • Load is wired incorrectly or Dual/Bridge
switch back on. If it trips again or the unit mode switch is set incorrectly. Check
fails to operate properly, contact an both.
authorized Crown Service Center.
• Input signal level is too high. Turn down
your amplifier level controls, or turn
CONDITION: Fault indicator is flash- down the input signal, until the clip light
ing. goes out.

POSSIBLE REASONS: Note: If the signal sounds distorted even

though the Clip LED is off, the input signal is
• The amplifier has just been powered up distorted. Check gain staging and output lev-
and is not ready for operation yet. els of the mixer or preamp.
• The heatsinks are too hot. Ensure ade-
quate cooling. Remove excessive loads.
• The transformer (high-voltage power sup-
ply) thermal protection is activated. Turn CONDITION: No sound, even though
down the Level controls or the input sig- the amp has power. Power LED is on
nal. Remove excessive loads. without flashing and the amp is receiving an
• The amplifier output wires have developed input signal. Signal indicator is
a short circuit. flashing.

• The amplifier output stage has stopped POSSIBLE REASON:

operating. If so, return the unit to a
Crown Authorized Service Center. • Speakers not connected.
• Open circuit due to speaker failure.

CONDITION: No input signal.

(Signal indicator is not flashing even though
audio is applied). • There is a short on the amplifier
output. First disconnect your speakers
POSSIBLE REASON:
from the affected channel(s) one by one
• Input signal level is very low. to determine if one of the loads is
shorted.
• Level controls are turned down.

page 28 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

7 Specifications The following specifications apply to all models in Dual 8/4 ohm mode with 8-ohm loads unless otherwise specified.

Minimum Guaranteed Power CH1 CH2 CH4

120V/60 Hz Units, Dual mode, per channel, both channels driven
1 kHz at rated THD
2 ohms 1,400W
4 ohms 450W 660W 1,200W
8 ohms 275W 400W 600W
70V 300W 600W 1,200W
120V/60 Hz Units, Bridge mono mode
1 kHz at rated THD
4 ohms 2,800W
8 ohms 900W 1,320W 2,400W
140V 600W 1,200W 2,400W
Performance CH1 CH2 CH4
Frequency Response (at 1 watt, 20 Hz - 20 kHz) ± 0.1 dB ± 0.1 dB ± 0.25 dB
Phase Response (at 1 watt, 20 Hz - 20 kHz) ± 15° ± 15° ± 15°
Signal to Noise Ratio below rated 1 kHz power (A-weighted) > 105 dB > 105 dB > 100 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at rated 1 kHz power, 20 Hz to 20 kHz < 0.5% < 0.5% < 0.5%
Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) 60 Hz and 7 kHz at 4:1, < 0.1% < 0.1% < 0.5%
from rated power to 30 dB below rated power at 8 ohms
Damping Factor (8 ohm), 10 Hz to 400 Hz > 600 > 600 > 1000
Crosstalk (below rated power, 20 Hz to 20 kHz) > 50 dB > 50 dB > 50 dB*
*at 10 kHz
Common Mode Rejection (CMR), 20 Hz to 1 kHz > 40 dB > 40 dB > 40 dB
DC Output Offset (Shorted input) ± 10 mV ± 10 mV ± 10 mV
Input Impedance nominally balanced, nominally unbalanced 20 kilohms, 10 kilohms 20 kilohms, 10 kilohms 20 kilohms, 10 kilohms
Load Impedance (Note: Safe with all types of loads)
Stereo 4/8 and 16 ohm (70V) 4/8 and 8 ohm (70V), 4/8 and 4 ohm (70V)
Bridge Mono 8/16 and 32 ohms(140V) 8/16 and 16 ohms (140V) 8/16 and 8 ohm (140V)
Voltage Gain (at maximum level setting), 1 kHz, 1.4V sensitivity
4/8 Ohm Operation 30.5 dB 32.1 dB 34.0 dB
70V Operation 34.0 dB 34.0 dB 34.0 dB
Required AC Mains (voltages ± 10%) 100V, 7.6A, 60 Hz 100V, 11.4A, 60 Hz 100V, 8.5A, 50/60 Hz
120V, 6.3A, 60 Hz 120V, 9.5A, 60 Hz 120V, 7.1A, 50/60 Hz
230-240V, 3.5A, 60 Hz 230-240V, 5.0A, 60 Hz 230-240V, 3.7A, 50/60 Hz
Cooling Proportional speed fan Proportional speed fan 3-speed Fan-On-Demand
Dimensions: Width, Height, Depth 19 in. (48.3 cm) x 5.25 in. (13.34 cm) x 19 in. (48.3 cm) x 5.25 in. (13.34 cm) x 19 in. (48.3 cm) x 5.25 in. (13.34 cm) x
12.25 in. (31.11 cm) 12.25 in. (31.11 cm) 16.25 in*. (36.56 cm)*
Net Weight, Shipping Weight 40.6 lb (18.4 kg), 46.6 lb (21.1 kg) 48.3 lb (21.9 kg), 54.3 lb (24.6 kg) 33.3 lb (15.1 kg), 39.3 lb (17.8 kg)

* CH4 depth is 17.5 in. (14.45 cm) from back of front rack ears to back of speaker-terminals cover.
Operation Manual page 29
 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

7 Specifications The following specifications apply to all models in Dual 8/4 ohm mode with 8-ohm loads unless otherwise specified.

Minimum Guaranteed Power CL1 CL2 CL4

120V/60 Hz Units, Dual mode, per channel, both channels driven
1 kHz at rated THD
2 ohms 560W 975W 1,400W
4 ohms 450W 660W 1,200W
8 ohms 275W 400W 600W
120V/60 Hz Units, Bridge mono mode
1 kHz at rated THD
4 ohms 1,100W 1,950W 2,800W
8 ohms 900W 1,320W 2,400W

Performance CL1 CL2 CL4

Frequency Response (at 1 watt, 20 Hz - 20 kHz) ± 0.1 dB ± 0.1 dB ± 0.25 dB
Phase Response (at 1 watt, 10 Hz - 20 kHz) ± 15° ± 15° ± 15°
Signal to Noise Ratio below rated power (A-weighted) > 105 dB > 105 dB > 100 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at rated 1 kHz power, 20 Hz to 20 kHz < 0.5% < 0.5% < 0.5%
Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) 60 Hz and 7 kHz at 4:1, < 0.1% < 0.1% < 0.5%
from rated power to 30 dB below rated power at 8 ohms
Damping Factor (8 ohm), 10 Hz to 400 Hz > 600 > 600 > 1000
Crosstalk (below rated power, 20 Hz to 20 kHz) > 50 dB > 50 dB > 50 dB*
*at 10 kHz
Common Mode Rejection (CMR), 20 Hz to 1 kHz > 40 dB > 40 dB > 40 dB
DC Output Offset (Shorted input) ± 10 mV ± 10 mV ± 10 mV
Input Impedance nominally balanced, nominally unbalanced 20 kilohms, 10 kilohms 20 kilohms, 10 kilohms 20 kilohms, 10 kilohms
Load Impedance (Note: Safe with all types of loads)
Stereo 2/4/8 ohm 2/4/8 ohm 2/4/8 ohm
Bridge Mono 4/8/16 ohm 4/8/16 ohm 4/8/16 ohm
Voltage Gain (at maximum level setting), 1 kHz, 1.4V sensitivity
4/8 Ohm Operation 30.5 dB 32.1 dB 34.0 dB
Required AC Mains (voltages ± 10%) 100V, 7.6A, 60 Hz 100V, 11.4A, 60 Hz 100V, 8.5A, 50/60 Hz
120V, 6.3A, 60 Hz 120V, 9.5A, 60 Hz 120V, 7.1A, 50/60 Hz
230-240V, 3.5A, 60 Hz 230-240V, 5.0A, 60 Hz 230-240V, 3.7A, 50/60 Hz
Cooling Proportional speed fan Proportional speed fan 3-speed Fan-On-Demand
Dimensions: Width, Height, Depth 19 in. (48.3 cm) x 5.25 in. (13.34 cm) x 19 in. (48.3 cm) x 5.25 in. (13.34 cm) x 19 in. (48.3 cm) x 5.25 in. (13.34 cm) x
12.25 in. (31.11 cm) 12.25 in. (31.11 cm) 16.25 in.* (36.56 cm)*
Net Weight, Shipping Weight 32.6 lb (14.78 kg), 38.6 lb (17.48 kg) 40.3 lb (18.28 kg), 46.3 lb (20.98 kg) 33.3 lb (15.1 kg), 39.3 (17.8 kg)

* CL4 depth is 17.5 in. (14.45 cm) from back of front rack ears to back of speaker-terminals cover.

page 30 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

7 Specifications

Figure 7.1
Models CH1 & CH2
Frequency Response
(Typical)

+2

8ohm
+0
4ohm
Figure 7.2
d -2
Model CL1 & CL2
Frequency Response B
(Typical) r
-4

-6

20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k

FREQUENCY (Hz)

Figure 7.3
Models CH1, CH2, CL1 & CL2
Output Impedance
(Typical)
(CH1, CH2 Set To 4/8 Ohm Mode)

Operation Manual page 31

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Figure 7.4
Models CH4 & CL4
Frequency Response
(Typical)

Figure 7.5
Models CH1, CH2, CL1 & CL2
Damping Factor
(Typical)
(CH1, CH2 Set To 4/8 Ohm Mode)

page 32 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Figure 7.6
Models CH4 & CL4
Damping Factor
(Typical)

Figure 7.7
Models CH4 & CL4
Output Impedance
(Typical)

Operation Manual page 33

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

8 AC Power Draw and

Thermal Dissipation
This section provides detailed information about the amount of power Here are the equations used to calculate the data presented in Figures
and current drawn from the AC mains by CH and CL amplifiers and the 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3:
amount of heat produced under various conditions. The calculations
presented here are intended to provide a realistic and reliable depiction
of the amplifiers. The following assumptions or approximations were
made:
• The amplifier’s available channels are loaded, and full power is being
delivered. The value used for Amplifier Efficiency is 0.65 for CH1, CH2, CL1 and
CL2 models, and 0.77 for CH4 and CL4 models (these values are listed
• Amplifier efficiency at standard 1-kHz power is estimated to be 65% in the previous column).
for CH1, CH2, CL1 and CL2 models, and 77% for CH4 and CL4 models.
The following equation converts power draw in watts to current draw in
• Typical quiescent power draw is approximately 60 watts for CH1, amperes:
CH2, CL1 and CL2 models, and 140 watts for CH4 and CL4 models.
• When running at full speed, typical power draw for the internal fan is
12 watts for all models.
• Quiescent thermal dissipation is related.
• The estimated duty cycles take into account the typical crest factor for The value used for Power Factor is 0.83 for CH1, CH2, CL1 and CL2
each type of source material. models, and 0.98 for CH4 and CL4 models. The Power Factor variable is
needed to compensate for the difference in phase between the AC mains
• Duty cycle of pink noise is 50%.
voltage and current.
• Duty cycle of highly compressed rock ‘n’ roll midrange is 40%.
The following equation is used to calculate thermal dissipation:
• Duty cycle of rock ‘n’ roll is 30%.
• Duty cycle of background music is 20%.
• Duty cycle of continuous speech is 10%.
• Duty cycle of infrequent, short duration paging is 1%.
The value used for Amplifier Inefficiency is 0.35 (1.00–0.65) for CH1,
CH2, CL1 and CL2 models, and 0.23 (1.00–0.77) for CH4 and CL4
models.The factor 3.415 converts watts to btu/hr. Thermal dissipation in
btu is divided by the constant 3.968 to get kcal.
If you plan to measure output power under real-world conditions, the
following equation may also be helpful:

page 34 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

8 AC Power Draw and

Thermal Dissipation

Figure 8.1 Model CH1 Power Draw, Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation at Various Duty Cycles

Figure 8.2 Model CH2 Power Draw, Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation at Various Duty Cycles

Operation Manual page 35

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

8 AC Power Draw and

Thermal Dissipation

Figure 8.3 Model CH4 Power Draw, Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation at Various Duty Cycles

Figure 8.4 Model CL1 Power Draw, Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation at Various Duty Cycles

page 36 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

8 AC Power Draw and

Thermal Dissipation

CL2
LOAD

2 OHMS DUAL / 4 OHMS BRIDGE 4 OHMS DUAL / 8 OHMS BRIDGE 8 OHMS DUAL / 16 OHMS BRIDGE
AC Mains AC Mains AC Mains
Duty Current Draw(Amps) Thermal Dissipation Current Draw(Amps) Thermal Dissipation Current Draw(Amps) Thermal Dissipation
Power Power Power
Cycle
Draw Draw Draw
(Watts) 100-120 230-240 btu/hr kcal/hr (Watts) 100-120 230-240 btu/hr kcal/hr 100-120 230-240 btu/hr kcal/hr
(Watts)
50% 1560 15.6 7.8 1998 504 1075 10.8 5.4 1419 296 675 6.7 3.4 940 237
40% 1260 12.6 6.3 1639 413 872 8.8 4.4 1175 260 552 5.5 2.8 793 200
30% 960 9.6 4.8 1281 323 669 6.7 3.4 993 235 429 4.3 2.2 646 163
20% 660 6.6 3.3 922 232 466 4.7 2.4 690 174 306 3.1 1.6 499 126
10% 360 3.6 1.8 563 142 263 2.6 1.3 448 113 183 1.8 1.4 352 89

Figure 8.5 Model CL2 Power Draw, Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation at Various Duty Cycles

Figure 8.6 Model CL4 Power Draw, Current Draw and Thermal Dissipation at Various Duty Cycles

Operation Manual page 37

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

9 Service

Crown amplifiers are quality units that rarely require ser- 9.2.2 Factory Service 9.2.4 Packing Instructions 3. Reset center cushion down over top of product's
vicing. Before returning your unit for service, please con- Crown accepts no responsibility for non-serviceable Important: These instructions must be followed. If they chassis. The foam-in-place packing was molded to
tact Crown Technical Support to verify the need for product that is sent to us for factory repair. It is the are not followed, Crown Audio, Inc. assumes no respon- accommodate different chassis depth sizes. If your
servicing. owner’s responsibility to ensure that their product is ser- sibility for damaged goods and/or accessories that are product's chassis does not completely fill the foam-
viceable prior to sending it to the factory. Serviceable sent with your unit. in-place cavity, you may use a soft but solid packing
This unit has very sophisticated circuitry which should
product list is available at material (such as paper or bubble wrap) behind the
only be serviced by a fully trained technician. This is one
http://crownweb.crownintl.com/crownrma/. 1. Fill out and include the Crown Audio Factory Ser- chassis.
reason why each unit bears the following label:
For more information, please contact us direct. vice Information sheet in the back of this manual. 4. Enclose the completed Crown Audio Factory Service
CAUTION: To prevent electric shock, do not
A Service Return Authorization (SRA) is required for 2. Do not ship any accessories (manuals, cords, hard- Information form (or securely attach it to the outside
remove covers. No user serviceable parts
product being sent to the factory for repair. An SRA can ware, etc.) with your unit. These items are not of carton) and re-seal the shipping pack with a
inside. Refer servicing to a qualified technician.
be completed online at www.crownaudio.com/support/ needed to service your product. We will not be sturdy carton sealing tape.
Complete the Crown Audio Factory Service Information factserv.htm. If you do not have access to the web, please responsibility for these items.
form, in the back of this manual, when returning a Crown call Crown’s Customer Service at 574.294.8200 or 9.2.5 Estimate Approval
product to the factory or authorized service center. The 800.342.6939 extension 8205. 3. When shipping your Crown product, it is important Approval of estimate must be given within 90 days after
form must be included with your product inside the box that it has adequate protection. We recommend you being notified by Crown Audio Inc. Units still in the pos-
or in a packing slip envelope securely attached to the For warranty service, we will pay for ground shipping use the original pack material when returning the session of Crown after 90 days of the estimate will
outside of the shipping carton. Do not send this form both ways in the United States. Contact Crown Customer product for repair. If you do not have the original become the property of Crown Audio Inc.
separately. Service to obtain prepaid shipping labels prior to send- box, please call Crown at 800.342.6939 or
ing the unit. Or, if you prefer, you may prepay the cost of 574.294.8210 and order new pack material. See 9.2.6 Payment of Non-Warranty Repairs
9.1 International and Canada Service shipping, and Crown will reimburse you. Send copies of instructions for “foam-in-place” shipping pack. (Do Payment on out-of-warranty repairs must be received
Service may be obtained from an authorized service cen- the shipping receipts to Crown to receive reimbursement. not ship your unit in a wood or metal cabinet.) within 90 days of the repair date. Units unclaimed after
ter. (Contact your local Crown/Amcron representative or Your repaired unit will be returned via UPS ground.
Please contact us if other arrangements are required. 4. If you provide your own shipping pack, the mini- 90 days become the property of Crown Audio Inc.
our office for a list of authorized service centers.) To mum recommended requirements for materials are
obtain service, simply present the bill of sale as proof of as follows: If you have any questions, please contact Crown Factory
9.2.3 Factory Service Shipping Instruc-
purchase along with the defective unit to an authorized Service.
tions: a. 275 P.S.I. burst test, Double-Wall carton that allows
service center. They will handle the necessary paperwork
and repair. 1. Service Return Authorization (SRA) is required for for 2-inch solid Styrofoam on all six sides of unit or Crown Factory Service
product being sent to the factory for service. Please 3 inches of plastic bubble wrap on all six sides of 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd.,
Remember to transport your unit in the original factory complete the SRA by going to unit. Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A.
pack. www.crownaudio.com/support/factserv.htm. If you
do not have access to our website, call b. Securely seal the package with an adequate carton Telephone:
9.2 US Service 1.800.342.6939, extension 8205 and we'll create the sealing tape. 574.294.8200
Service may be obtained in one of two ways: from an SRA for you. 800.342.6939 (North America,
c. Do not use light boxes or “peanuts”. Damage caused
authorized service center or from the factory. You may Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands only)
2. See packing instructions that follow. by poor packaging will not be covered under war-
choose either. It is important that you have your copy of ranty. Facsimile:
the bill of sale as your proof of purchase. 3. Ship product to: 574.294.8301 (Technical Support)
CROWN AUDIO FACTORY SERVICE Using your 'foam-in-place' shipping pack
574.294.8124 (Factory Service)
9.2.1 Service at a US Service Center 1718 W MISHAWKA RD. Note: The foam-in-place packing is molded so that there
This method usually saves the most time and effort. Sim- ELKHART, IN 46517 Internet:
is only one correct position for your product. http://www.crownaudio.com
ply present your bill of sale along with the defective unit
to an authorized service center to obtain service. They 4. Use a bold black marker and write the SRA number
on three sides of the box. 1. Open carton and lift center cushion leaving both
will handle the necessary paperwork and repair. Remem-
end-cushions in place.
ber to transport the unit in the original factory pack. A list 5. Record the SRA number for future reference. The
of authorized service centers in your area can be obtained SRA number can be used to check the repair status. 2. Carefully place your product with the product's front
from Crown Factory Service, or online from panel facing the same direction as arrows indicate.
http://www.crownaudio.com/support/servcent.htm.

page 38 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

10 Warranty
UNITED STATES & CANADA

SUMMARY OF WARRANTY est, insurance, closing costs, and other finance FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE NEW CROWN
charges less a reasonable depreciation on the PRODUCT. THIS INCLUDES ANY DAMAGE TO
Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road,
product from the date of original purchase. War- ANOTHER PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS RESULT-

3
Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. warrants to
ranty work can only be performed at our autho- ING FROM SUCH A DEFECT. SOME STATES DO
you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and ANY SUB-
rized service centers or at the factory. Warranty NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATIONS
SEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown product,
AR work for some products can only be performed at OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM-
YE for a period of three (3) years from the date of
our factory. We will remedy the defect and ship AGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLU-
purchase by the original purchaser (the “warranty
the product from the service center or our factory SION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
period”) that the new Crown product is free of
within a reasonable time after receipt of the defec-
defects in materials and workmanship. We further WARRANTY ALTERATIONS
tive product at our authorized service center or
warrant the new Crown product regardless of the
our factory. All expenses in remedying the defect, No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or
reason for failure, except as excluded in this War-
including surface shipping costs in the United modify this Crown Warranty. This Crown War-
ranty.
States, will be borne by us. (You must bear the ranty is not extended by the length of time which
ITEMS EXCLUDED FROM THIS expense of shipping the product between any for- you are deprived of the use of the new Crown
CROWN WARRANTY eign country and the port of entry in the United product. Repairs and replacement parts provided
States including the return shipment, and all under the terms of this Crown Warranty shall
This Crown Warranty is in effect only for failure of
taxes, duties, and other customs fees for such for- carry only the unexpired portion of this Crown
a new Crown product which occurred within the
eign shipments.) Warranty.
Warranty Period. It does not cover any product
which has been damaged because of any inten- HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY DESIGN CHANGES
tional misuse, accident, negligence, or loss which SERVICE
We reserve the right to change the design of any
is covered under any of your insurance contracts.
You must notify us of your need for warranty ser- product from time to time without notice and with
This Crown Warranty also does not extend to the
vice within the warranty period. All components no obligation to make corresponding changes in
new Crown product if the serial number has been
must be shipped in a factory pack, which, if products previously manufactured.
defaced, altered, or removed.
needed, may be obtained from us free of charge.
LEGAL REMEDIES OF PURCHASER
WHAT THE WARRANTOR WILL DO Corrective action will be taken within a reason-
able time of the date of receipt of the defective THIS CROWN WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC
We will remedy any defect, regardless of the rea-
product by us or our authorized service center. If LEGAL RIGHTS, YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER
son for failure (except as excluded), by repair,
the repairs made by us or our authorized service RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
replacement, or refund. We may not elect refund
center are not satisfactory, notify us or our autho- No action to enforce this Crown Warranty shall be
unless you agree, or unless we are unable to pro-
rized service center immediately. commenced after expiration of the warranty
vide replacement, and repair is not practical or
period.
cannot be timely made. If a refund is elected, then DISCLAIMER OF CONSEQUENTIAL
you must make the defective or malfunctioning AND INCIDENTAL DAMAGES THIS STATEMENT OF WARRANTY SUPERSEDES
product available to us free and clear of all liens ANY OTHERS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL
YOU ARE NOT ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM
or other encumbrances. The refund will be equal FOR CROWN PRODUCTS. 12/01
US ANY INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING
to the actual purchase price, not including inter-

Operation Manual page 39

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

10 Warranty
WORLDWIDE EXCEPT USA & CANADA

SUMMARY OF WARRANTY unless you agree, or unless we are unable to pro- DISCLAIMER OF CONSEQUENTIAL AND
Crown International, 1718 West Mishawaka Road, vide replacement, and repair is not practical or INCIDENTAL DAMAGES
Elkhart, Indiana 46517-4095 U.S.A. warrants to cannot be timely made. If a refund is elected, then YOU ARE NOT ENTITLED TO RECOVER FROM US
you, the ORIGINAL PURCHASER and ANY SUB- you must make the defective or malfunctioning ANY INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM
SEQUENT OWNER of each NEW Crown1 product, product available to us free and clear of all liens ANY DEFECT IN THE NEW CROWN PRODUCT.

3
YE
AR
for a period of three (3) years from the date of pur-
chase by the original purchaser (the “warranty
period”) that the new Crown product is free of
defects in materials and workmanship, and we
further warrant the new Crown product regardless
or other encumbrances. The refund will be equal
to the actual purchase price, not including inter-
est, insurance, closing costs, and other finance
charges less a reasonable depreciation on the
product from the date of original purchase. War-
THIS INCLUDES ANY DAMAGE TO ANOTHER
PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM
SUCH A DEFECT.
WARRANTY ALTERATIONS
of the reason for failure, except as excluded in this ranty work can only be performed at our autho- No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or
Warranty. rized service centers. We will remedy the defect modify this Crown Warranty. This Crown Warranty
and ship the product from the service center is not extended by the length of time which you are
1 Note: If your unit bears the name “Amcron,” please substitute it
for the name “Crown” in this warranty. within a reasonable time after receipt of the defec- deprived of the use of the new Crown product.
tive product at our authorized service center. Repairs and replacement parts provided under the
ITEMS EXCLUDED FROM THIS CROWN-
terms of this Crown Warranty shall carry only the
WARRANTY HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY SERVICE unexpired portion of this Crown Warranty.
This Crown Warranty is in effect only for failure of You must notify your local Crown importer of
a new Crown product which occurred within the your need for warranty service within the warranty DESIGN CHANGES
Warranty Period. It does not cover any product period. All components must be shipped in the We reserve the right to change the design of any
which has been damaged because of any inten- original box. Corrective action will be taken within product from time to time without notice and with
tional misuse, accident, negligence, or loss which a reasonable time of the date of receipt of the no obligation to make corresponding changes in
is covered under any of your insurance contracts. defective product by our authorized service center. products previously manufactured.
This Crown Warranty also does not extend to the If the repairs made by our authorized service cen- LEGAL REMEDIES OF PURCHASER
new Crown product if the serial number has been ter are not satisfactory, notify our authorized ser- No action to enforce this Crown Warranty shall be
defaced, altered, or removed. vice center immediately. commenced after expiration of the warranty
WHAT THE WARRANTOR WILL DO period.
We will remedy any defect, regardless of the rea-
THIS STATEMENT OF WARRANTY SUPERSEDES
son for failure (except as excluded), by repair,
ANY OTHERS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL FOR
replacement, or refund. We may not elect refund
CROWN PRODUCTS. 7/01

page 40 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

PRODUCT REGISTRATION
Crown International
1718 W. Mishawaka Rd.
Elkhart, IN 46517-9439
Phone: 574-294-8000
Fax: 574-294-8329
www.crownaudio.com

Online registration is also available at http://crownweb.crownintl.com/webregistration

When this form is used to register your product, it may be mailed or faxed.

Crown International Fax: 574-294-8329

1718 W Mishawaka Rd
Elkhart IN 46517

Please note that some information is required. Incomplete registrations will not be processed. * Indicates required information.

OWNER'S INFORMATION - PLEASE PRINT

CUT ON THIS LINE

* First name: ______________________ Middle initial: _____ * Last name: ________________________________

Company: _________________________________________________________________________________
* Mailing address: ____________________________________________________________________________
* City: ____________________________* State: ___________________________* Zip Code: ________________
* Country: __________________________ E-mail address: ___________________________________________
* Phone # (include area code): ___________________________ Fax #: __________________________________

PRODUCT INFORMATION
* MODEL * SERIAL # PURCHASE DATE
ie. MA3600VZ, CE1000A, PCC160 mo/day/yr
________________________________ ____________________ ______ /_____ /_____
________________________________ ____________________ ______ /_____ /_____
________________________________ ____________________ ______ /_____ /_____
________________________________ ____________________ ______ /_____ /_____

Product purchased from: ___________________________ City: __________________ State: ___________

Comments: ____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Operation Manual page 41

 CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

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page 42 Operation Manual

CH and CL Series Power Amplifiers

Crown Audio Factory Service Information

Shipping Address: Crown Audio Factory Service, 1718 W. Mishawaka Rd., Elkhart, IN 46517
PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY
SRA #: __________________(If sending product to Crown factory service.) Model: _________________________________ Serial Number: _____________________ Purchase Date: ________________

PRODUCT RETURN INFORMATION

Individual or Business Name:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Phone #: __________________________________________________ Fax #: ________________________________________ E-Mail:

_________________________________________________________

Street Address (please, no P.O. Boxes):

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________________ State/Prov: ________________________________ Postal Code: _________________ Country: _____________________

Nature of problem:
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other equipment in your system:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If warranty is expired, please provide method of payment. Proof of purchase may be required to validate warranty.

PAYMENT OPTIONS

I have open account payment terms. Purchase order required. PO#____________________________________________________ ‰ COD

Credit Card (Information below is required; however if you do not want to provide this information at this time, we will contact you for the information when your unit is repaired).
Credit card information:

Type of credit card: ‰ Master Card ‰ Visa ‰ American Express ‰ Discover

Type of credit card account: ‰ Personal/Consumer ‰ Business/Corporate

Card # ______________________________________________ Exp. date: _____________ * Card ID #: __________________________

* Card ID # is located on the back of the card following the credit card #, in the signature area. On American Express, it may be located on the front of the card. This number is required to process the charge to your account. If you do not want
to provide it at this time, we will call you to obtain this number when the repair of your unit is complete.

Name on credit card: ____________________________________________________________________________

Billing address of credit card: __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Operation Manual page 43