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Unit 3 Review Worksheet

This document covers key concepts in chemistry, including percentage composition, the mole, empirical and molecular formulas, hydrates, balancing chemical equations, stoichiometry, limiting reagents, and percentage yields. It provides formulas and examples for calculating various chemical quantities and emphasizes the importance of mole ratios and empirical formulas. Additionally, it includes practice problems to reinforce understanding of these concepts.

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9 views3 pages

Unit 3 Review Worksheet

This document covers key concepts in chemistry, including percentage composition, the mole, empirical and molecular formulas, hydrates, balancing chemical equations, stoichiometry, limiting reagents, and percentage yields. It provides formulas and examples for calculating various chemical quantities and emphasizes the importance of mole ratios and empirical formulas. Additionally, it includes practice problems to reinforce understanding of these concepts.

Uploaded by

mirana0618
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 3: Quantities in Chemistry Review /67

Percentage Composition What is the % composition of a compound


with a
- Element mass ÷ compound mass x 100% mass of 48.72g, if it contains 32.69g Zn and
- E.g. in H2O, H = 11% (2 g ÷ 18 g x 100%) 16.03g of S? (5)
- Determining % comp from chemical formula
**Assume a 1 mol sample** to unlock the PT
Calculate the percentage composition by
mass of Cu2SO4 (6)

The mole
- There are 6.02 x 10 particles in one mole
23
Calculate the mass of 2.3 mol of CO2 (3)
- Molar mass is calculated from periodic table

Calculate the number of atoms in 11.0g of AgCl

m N
n M n NA

(5)

Empirical and molecular formulae


- Empirical formula is the lowest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound. i.e. CH 2O is the
empirical formula for C6H12O6. A factor of 6 was removed from C6H12O6 to get CH2O
- Molecular formula is the actual amount of each atom in the molecule. i.e. C 6H12O6
- Determining empirical formula from % composition **Assume a 100 g sample**
- ** MULTIPLE = molecular formula mass (M MF) / empirical formula mass (MEF)
a) What is the empirical formula of a compound b) If the actual molar mass is
203.43 g/mol
that is 15.9% B & 84% F? (6) calculate the molecular formula. (3)
Hydrate
Find the mass of anhydrous compound, find the mass of water, determine moles of each, divide by
smallest
An empty crucible has a mass of 12.770 g. The crucible and hydrate, CuSO 4●xH2O, have a
mass of 13.173 g. After heating, the crucible and anhydrous salt have a mass of 13.010 g.
What is the formula of this hydrate? (9)

Balancing Chemical Equations


- Balancing equations by inspection, leaving H and - O to the end and O to the very, very end
- H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 are diatomic gases

Stoichiometry If 25 g of hydrogen reacts with excess oxygen, how much


water is produced? (8)
- 1. Balanced chemical equation
- 2. Convert to moles
- 3. Molar ratio
- 4. Get your answer
- 5. Therefore statement

Limiting reagents
- Stoichiometry that requires you to calculate moles of BOTH reactants and set-up 2 MOLAR RATIOS
comparing each reactant mol to the same product. if 20.58 g of O2 combines with 26 g NH3 to
make nitrogen monoxide and water,
a) what is the limiting reagent? (9)
Percentage yields
- Percentage yield = actual/theoretical x100%
- Actual yield is given, theoretical is calculated
- 4 reasons why actual yield falls short
b) What mass of water can theoretically form? (3)

(d) What is the mass of the remaining


reactant? (7) c) If 5 g of water is the actual yield, what is
the percentage yield? (3)

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