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Topics

What is storage ?
Types of Storages
How do we connect to Storage ?
Implementation Examples
Q&A

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What is storage ?

Fixed Drives Removable Drives

v Fixed Magnetic Disk Drives - HDD

v Removable Magnetic Disk Drives – FDD, Tape Drive
v Removable Optical Drives – CD / DVD
v Removable Magneto Optical Drives – MOD

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Two Methods of Storage access

Block Level Access

ØRaw data access.

ØStorage can be prepared by the guest systems.
ØCan be used to boot systems, when the storage gives block level access.

Share Level Access

ØGetting accessed via network.

ØWorks on top of Operating system. Sharing and access will be
handled by host and guest operating systems respectively
ØProtocols used will be based on the OS configuration
ØPreparation of storage will be done by host operating system
only

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 Storage Types

DAS – Direct attached Storage

Direct-attached storage is a legacy storage architecture

Individually Managed by each Server
Block Level Access
Block level access to the storage elements is possible only through the servers to which
they are attached
Storage device can be either internal or external
Internal Storage leverages IDE, SATA, SCSI & FC Drives
External Storage typically uses SCSI or FCAL interfaces for connectivity.
Redundancy can be implemented using Raid controllers in Server or External Storage
Boxes.
External Storage with dual channels used to implement High Availability Clusters
Less cost compared to other storage implementations

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DAS
External F-CAL

Internal RAID F-CAL SCSI

JBOD SCSI SATA

PATA
Storage Type Host Interface Disk Interface
SATA

SCSI • Used for Extended Storage

Capacity in Servers / Work
stations
SAS • Used as a shared storage for H A
Clusters
• Disk Backup Solutions
F-CAL • Data Archival Solutions
Disk Interface
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Storage Types

NAS – Network attached Storage

Storage attached to the Network and accessible to all or a group of systems.

Powered by an operating system, which allows the other systems to access the storage space
through a shared folder.
Share Level Access
Typical NAS OS is a fine tuned version of an OS ( Unix / Linux / Windows ) with the following
capabilities
Integration with Windows / Unix / Linux networks
Built in authentication capabilities
Quota facilities
Supports HTTP, FTP, CIFS and NFS protocols
Remote Management tool
NAS OS gets booted from Onboard Chips or Flash Cards or HDD’s
Leverages the DAS / SAN for extended storage capacity.
Cannot be used for implementing clusters or applications which requires block level access.

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NAS
Windows Storage Server
Linux Based • Mainly used as File
Servers
• Used in backup solutions
OS Gets loaded from • A best way to
•Integrated Chips consolidate multiple file
•Flash Devices Servers
•Dedicated HDD’s
•Shared Storage Pool

Important Features
•Redundancy for OS
•Redundancy for Storage pool
•Integration with Network Services
•Snapshots
•Cluster
•Replication

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 Storage Types

SAN – Storage Area Network

One or More Storage’s getting accessed by a number of Servers through a dedicated network.
Highly scalable and Manageable
Block Level Access
Mainly TWO Types on SAN
Fiber Channel SAN
Utilizes Fiber Channel Protocol and devices to create storage network
Highly manageable FCAL SAN switches provides the highest manageability and flexibility
Servers needs to have FCAL Interface cards to get connected
Storage internal hard disk’s need not be with FCAL interface.
IP San
Utilizes iSCSI protocol and Ethernet network devices to create storage network
iSCSI – Internet SCSI – Traditional SCSI protocol over Internet Protocol.
Have all flexibility of Ethernet networks and use IP address for addressing.
Servers uses traditional Ethernet cards or iSCSI HBA’s to connect to Storage.

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SAN
• Fiber Channel SAN • A best way to
consolidate multiple DAS
boxes
• Best Suited for Data center
• Used when highest level
environments
redundancy requires
• Highly Manageable and
• Single Solution for all
Scalable
Storage requirements
• High implementation cost

• Multiple FCAL adapters, Fail over and multi path

software in the servers
• Multiple SAN Switches for redundancy and multi
path
•Redundant Controllers and path fail over in storage
box.
• LUN Masking and Filtering using Internal for
External switches

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 SAN
•IP SAN
• A method to consolidate
multiple DAS boxes.
• Used in DR centers and • Used to get SAN features
DISK to DISK Backup with Cost in mind
Solutions • Single Solution for all
• Less Cost Compared FC Storage requirements
SAN

• Leverages Ethernet topology and devices to build the

networks
• iSCSI HBA’s or Gigabit Ethernet cards are used for
connectivity
• Ethernet Teaming can be used for performance and
path redundancy
• Usage of Ethernet devices and cabling reduces the
cost compared to FC SAN
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How do we connect to Storage ?

Storage
TYPE Interface Type HBA @Host Remarks
Controller Type
SCSI SCSI Controller Disks will access indvidualy
Storage will access as Raid
JBOD
SCSI Raid Controller volumes and Raid controller will
be in the host
DAS
Storage will access as Raid
SCSI SCSI Controller
volumes
RAID
Storage will access as Raid
FCAL FC HBA
volumes
Shared Volumes will be
NAS Ethernet Port Ethernet
accessed via ethernet
Storage will access as Raid
FC SAN RAID FCAL FC HBA
volumes
Storage will access as Raid
iSCSI HBA
volumes
IP SAN RAID Ethernet Port
Storage will access as Raid
Ethernet Card
volumes

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Implementation Examples

ü BSNL, Federal Bank & Barathi

DAS JBOD – Storage PCI Raid Controller – HBA
ü Wipro NOC
DAS Raid – Storage PCI SCSI Controller – HBA
ü Apollo , RTSG Implementations
DAS Raid ( San Ready ) – Storage FCAL HBA – HBA
ü AVT, UTI Bank, Wipro Technologies
NAS Ethernet – HBA
üNIA
FCAL SAN FCAL HBA – HBA
üGeojit
IP SAN Ethernet HBA
üKamaraj College
DAS Raid( A s NAS Storage Pool ) FCAL HBA
NAS ( Span Stor ) Ethernet

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