Information and Communication

Technology
ICT 100
MICROSOFT EXCEL

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Facilitators

Mumderanji James
[email protected]
[email protected]
&
Wilson Lemani
[email protected]
[email protected]

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MICROSOFT EXCEL/SPREADSHEET

Indicative Content:
Excel Cell Referencing
Formatting Techniques
Develop Charts
Use Excel Formula
Use and Design Spreadsheet Templates

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Formatting Rows and Columns
When formatting rows and columns you can
◦ change the height
◦ choose for your information to autofit to
the cells
◦ hide information within a row or column
◦ un-hide the information.

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To format a row or column go to
Format > Row (or Column)
or Home tab then format button for PC, then choose which
option you are going
to use.
The cell or cells that are going to be formatted need to be
selected before doing this.

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Insert, Delete Rows, Columns
Home- Cells - Insert, - Insert Sheet Rows.
Home - Cells - Delete:
◦ Delete Cells.
◦ Delete Sheet Rows.
If you are deleting a cell or a range of cells, in
the Delete dialog box, click Shift cells left, Shift cells
up, Entire row, or Entire column.
If you are deleting rows or columns, other rows or
columns automatically shift up or to the left.

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Sort, Filter
•Data - Sort & Filter panel, click Sort
•Filter

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Charts
A chart, or graph, is a visual representation of a set of data
Select the data source with the range of data you want to
chart
In the Charts group on the Insert tab, click a chart type, and
then click a chart subtype in the Chart gallery

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In the Location group on the Chart Tools Design tab, click the
Move Chart button to place the chart in a chart sheet or
embed it into a worksheet

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Selecting a Data Source
The data source is the range that contains the data you
want to display in the chart
◦ Data series
◦ Series name
◦ Series values

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Moving and Resizing Charts
By default, a chart is inserted as an embedded chart, which
means the chart is placed in a worksheet next to its data
source
You can also place a chart in a chart sheet
In the Location group on the Chart Tools Design tab, click
the Move Chart button

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Format your Chart
Layout options are on the Design tab still, on the far
left, just under the File menu:
Click Add Chart Element to see the following drop
down list:

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Formulas
Types of data
In each cell there may be the following data types:
◦ Labels -- (text with no numerical value)
◦ Number data (constant values)
◦ Formulas (mathematical equation used to calculate)

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Basic Formulas
Formulas are math equations that CALCULATE a value to be
displayed.
You must have an equals sign ( = ) as the first
character in a cell that contains a formula.
The = sign tells excel that the contents of the cell is a
formula
Without the = sign, the formula will not calculate
anything. It will simply display the text of the formula.

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Explicit values and cell
references
You can use both explicit values and cell references in
a formula:

◦ Formula with only cell references: =a1*b1

◦ Formula with only literal values: =100/27

◦ Formula with both cell references and literal values:

=a1/100

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 Absolute and Relative References

By default, all cell references are relative references.

When copied across multiple cells, they change based on the
relative position of rows and columns.
For example, if you copy the formula =A1+B1 from row 1 to row
2, the formula will become =A2+B2.
Relative references are especially convenient whenever you need
to repeat the same calculation across multiple rows or columns.

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Absolute references

There may be times when you do not want a cell reference

to change when filling cells.
Absolute references do not change when copied or filled.
You can use an absolute reference to refer to the same cell.
An absolute reference is signed by the dollar sign.
($)

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Basic Math Functions
multiply, divide, add and subtract.

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 Functions
Conditional Formatting
Colour Scales - More Rules
Clear Rules – From entire sheet
Format only cells that contain…
◦ Less than 50
◦ Format button.
◦ Fill tab and choose a colour.

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Functions

A formula is an expression which calculates the value of a

cell.
Functions are predefined formulas and are already available
in Excel.
Most often used functions:
◦ SUM
◦ AVERAGE
◦ COUNT
◦ MAX, MIN

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Entering a Function 1.
Next to the formula bar, you'll see an FX button. This is
the Formula Wizard:
When you click the FX button, you'll see the Insert
Function dialogue box appear:

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Entering a Function 2.
The second way to enter a Function in Excel is through
the panels on the Ribbon.
Click inside cell B9 on your spreadsheet. This is where
we'll place the Average for the cells A1 to A8.
Click the Formulas menu at the top of Excel

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Locate the Function Library panel.
As you can see, in Excel functions are split into categories. The Average
function is in a few places. The easiest way to use Average is with
AutoSum. Click the down arrow on AutoSum to see the following:

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AVERAGE
When you click the FX button, you'll see the Insert
Function dialogue box appear:

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TRUE, FALSE, IF function
The IF function allows you to make logical comparisons
between a value and what you expect.
IF(Something is True, then do something, otherwise do
something else)

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So an IF statement can have two results. The first result
is if your comparison is True, the second if your
comparison is False.
TRUE and FLASE is automatically calculated by Excel:
=A1=B1 - if the cells contain the same value  TRUE, - if
the cells contain different value  FALSE

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 NEXT LESSON
Use Excel Macros
Understand Common Excel Error Codes
Print Worksheets
Protect excel file

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