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RAJASTHAN GEOGRAPHY

VEGETATION IN RAJASTHAN
VEGETATION IN RAJASTHAN
1. Forest Policies
Rajasthan’s forest policies have evolved over time, reflecting the changing
priorities of environmental conservation and the growing awareness of
forest management. The key milestones in India’s forest policy development,
specifically relevant to Rajasthan, include:
1894 – First Forest Policy (British Era): This was the earliest
systematic forest policy aimed at utilizing forests for the economic
benefits of the British Empire, with less focus on conservation.
1952 – Independent India’s First Forest Policy: After independence,
forest management was seen as critical to sustainable development,
emphasizing the importance of forests in maintaining ecological
balance and meeting the needs of local communities.
1988 – Latest Forest Policy: This policy marked a significant shift
towards conservation, aiming to increase forest cover across the
country. It set a target of achieving 33% forest coverage, with
particular attention to the needs of tribal and rural populations
dependent on forests.
According to this policy, the forest coverage targets were classified based
on geographical topography:
33% forest cover for the overall geographical area
60% forest cover in mountainous regions
20% forest cover in plain areas
State Forest Policy (2010): On 18th February 2010, Rajasthan adopted
its own state-specific forest policy, which aligned with national goals. It
stipulated that at least 20% of the state’s geographical area should be
under forest cover.
State Eco-Tourism Policy (2020): Rajasthan also introduced an eco-
tourism policy on 4th February 2020, aiming to promote sustainable
tourism by integrating environmental conservation with tourist activities,
especially in forest and wildlife areas.
 2. Forest Census
Rajasthan conducts regular forest censuses to assess the current status of
its forest cover, biodiversity, and conservation efforts.
Institution: The Forest Survey and Research Institution in Dehradun
(Uttarakhand), under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change, is responsible for conducting this census.
Time Frame: The census is conducted biennially, i.e., once every two
years, providing updated information on forest conditions.
Latest Census: The 16th Census (2019) is the most recent data
collection, which helps policymakers assess whether the state is
meeting its forest cover targets.
3. Classification of Forest
Forest classifications in Rajasthan are essential for understanding the
varied types of ecosystems present in the state. These classifications could
include the distinction between reserved forests, protected forests, and
unclassified forests, but further details can be expanded based on
Rajasthan’s unique forest typologies such as dry deciduous forests, scrub
forests, and desert ecosystems.

4. Important Forest and Grass Types

Rajasthan is home to unique vegetation types suited to its semi-arid and
arid climate. The state’s forest types include:
Tropical Thorn Forests: Dominant in arid regions, with species such as
Acacia, Prosopis, and Ziziphus.
Dry Deciduous Forests: Found in more fertile regions, they include
Teak (Tectona grandis) and Sal (Shorea robusta).
The grasslands, critical for both wildlife and local agriculture, include
species like Dhaman and Dhub grass.

5. Afforestation Programmes
Afforestation and reforestation efforts have been crucial in Rajasthan to
combat desertification and restore ecological balance. Various state-run
and centrally sponsored schemes, like the Green Rajasthan Campaign,
aim to increase green cover, especially in desert regions.

6. Forestry and Environment Awards

Rajasthan recognizes efforts in afforestation, conservation, and forest
management through awards. These awards not only celebrate individuals
and organizations contributing to the environment but also foster a culture
of environmental responsibility.

7. Major Acts and Important Days

Several legislations and policies support Rajasthan’s forest management.
Some key acts include:
The Indian Forest Act (1927): Governs the protection of forests and
wildlife in the state.
The Wildlife Protection Act (1972): Critical for wildlife conservation
efforts in forest areas like Ranthambore and Sariska.
Important environmental days celebrated in Rajasthan include:
World Forestry Day (21st March): Highlights the importance of forest
resources.
World Environment Day (5th June): Encourages awareness about
environmental protection.

8. Other Important Facts

Other significant details include the role of forests in supporting Rajasthan’s
rich biodiversity, including endangered species such as the Rajasthan
Desert Cat, Indian Gazelle, and various migratory birds that rely on forest
ecosystems. Forests also serve as water catchment areas, crucial for
Rajasthan’s arid climate.

Forest Coverage Targets According to the Latest Policy

Geographical Area Target Forest Cover (%)

Total Geographical Area 33%
Mountainous Area 60%
Plain Area 20%

The table above shows the targets set by the latest national forest policy
regarding forest cover for different geographical areas.
The overall goal is to achieve 33% forest cover across the state, with a
higher target of 60% in mountainous regions to preserve ecosystems in
those vulnerable areas. The plains, being more agriculturally productive,
have a lower target of 20%.

Timeline of Forest Policies

Year Policy
1894 First Forest Policy (Colonial era)
1952 Independent India’s First Forest Policy
1988 Latest National Forest Policy
2010 State Forest Policy of Rajasthan (20% forest cover)
2020 State Eco-Tourism Policy

The timeline above represents the evolution of forest policies over time,
reflecting how both national and state governments have responded to the
increasing need for forest conservation and the sustainable use of natural
resources.
Forest Area and Coverage (Based on the Indian State Forest Report,
16th Census)
The latest Indian State Forest Report (ISFR), which corresponds to the
16th Forest Census, provides detailed insights into the forest area in
Rajasthan. The total forest area is documented as 24,741.51 km², which
constitutes about 7.22% of the total land area of the state.
Breakdown of Forest Coverage
Forest Cover: 16,629 km² (approximately 4.86% of the total area)
Tree Cover: 8,112 km² (approximately 2.36% of the total area)
This data highlights that a significant portion of Rajasthan’s green cover is
contributed by trees outside the designated forest areas.
Maximum and Minimum Forest Areas (District-wise)
According to the 16th Forest Report, the distribution of forest cover varies
significantly across different districts.
Maximum Forest Cover (by Area):
1. Udaipur – 2,757 km²
2. Alwar – 1,197 km²
3. Pratapgarh – 1,038 km²
4. Baran – 1,011 km²
Maximum Forest Cover (by Percentage):
1. Udaipur – 23.51%
 2. Pratapgarh – 23.33%
3. Sirohi – 17.76%
4. Karoli – 15.75%
Minimum Forest Cover (by Area):
1. Churu – 82 km²
2. Hanumangarh – 90 km²
3. Jodhpur – 108 km²
4. Sri Ganganagar – 113 km²
Minimum Forest Cover (by Percentage):
1. Jodhpur – 0.47%
2. Churu – 0.59%
3. Nagaur – 0.83%
4. Jaisalmer – 0.85%

Forest Trends: Maximum Increase and Decrease

The report also highlights districts that have seen the largest changes in
forest cover:
Highest Increase in Forest Cover:
1. Barmer
2. Jaisalmer
3. Dungarpur
Highest Decrease in Forest Cover:
1. Udaipur
2. Pratapgarh
3. Jhalawar
These fluctuations in forest cover are often influenced by various factors,
including afforestation programs, land use changes, and urbanization.
Recorded Forest Area
According to the report, Rajasthan has a total recorded forest area of
32,862.5 km², which is about 9.60% of the state’s total land area. This
includes reserved, protected, and unclassified forests, each of which is
subject to specific legal and administrative regulations.
Classification of Forests
Rajasthan’s forests are classified into two primary categories:
Legal/Administrative Classification and Geographical Classification.
The former is based on governance frameworks established under the State
Forest Act of 1953, while the latter refers to the physical location and
characteristics of the forested areas.
Legal/Administrative Classification
This type of classification is essential for forest management and resource
use regulation. It includes the following subcategories:
1. Reserved Forest (37.05%):
Activities Restricted: Forest wood cutting, cattle grazing, and
hunting are entirely prohibited. These forests are predominantly
found in Udaipur.
2. Protected Forest (56.43%):
Limited Activities Permitted: Some exemptions allow limited wood
cutting and cattle grazing. These forests are most common in
Baran.
3. Unclassified Forest (6.52%):
No Restrictions: Wood cutting and cattle grazing are unrestricted
in these areas. The largest unclassified forests are found in Bikaner.

Graphical Representation of Forest Classifications

Type of Forest Percentage of Recorded Forest Area

Reserved Forest 37.05%
Protected Forest 56.43%
Unclassified Forest 6.52%

The table and the associated chart provide a clear visual understanding of
the legal classification of forests in Rajasthan, illustrating that over half of
the recorded forest area falls under the category of protected forests.
Reserved forests account for about one-third of the recorded forest area,
with the remaining 6.52% being unclassified.
Based on the newly provided images, here’s an expanded and detailed
analysis on the Classification of Forests in Rajasthan, along with a
comprehensive description of the information and diagrams in the uploaded
content.
CLASSIFICATION OF FORESTS IN RAJASTHAN
Rajasthan classifies its forests based on both Legal/Administrative and
Geographical categories. This distinction helps in understanding forest
management and conservation strategies.
(A) Legal/Administrative Classification
As per the State Forest Act of 1953, Rajasthan’s forests are categorized
into three administrative types:
1. Reserved Forests (37.05% of the total forest area):
 Restrictions: These areas are under strict protection, where forest
wood cutting, cattle grazing, and hunting are entirely prohibited.
Major Regions: Reserved forests are primarily concentrated in
Udaipur.
Conservation Focus: These forests are dedicated to conservation
efforts and are critical for preserving biodiversity.
2. Protected Forests (56.43% of the total forest area):
Limited Activities Permitted: In protected forests, controlled
activities such as restricted wood cutting and regulated cattle
grazing are allowed under certain conditions.
Major Regions: Baran has the highest concentration of protected
forests.
Use and Conservation: While some economic activities are
permitted, the main focus remains on sustainable management.
3. Unclassified Forests (6.52% of the total forest area):
No Restrictions: There are no restrictions on human activities such
as wood cutting and grazing in these areas.
Major Regions: Unclassified forests are primarily found in Bikaner.
Utilization: These forests are often used for local resource
gathering without stringent conservation rules.
The legal classification helps in regulating forest use and maintaining
balance between ecological conservation and human needs.

Legal/Administrative Classification of Forests in Rajasthan

Percentage of
Type of Main
Total Forest Restrictions
Forest Region
Area
Complete ban on
Reserved wood cutting,
37.05% Udaipur
Forest grazing, and
hunting
Limited activities
Protected
56.43% Baran like restricted wood
Forest
cutting and grazing
Unclassified
6.52% Bikaner No restrictions
Forest

The table above classifies forests based on their legal and administrative
control, specifying the percentage of the total forest area under each
category and the regions where they are most prominent. It also outlines
the restrictions imposed for forest management.
(B) Geographical Classification
Rajasthan’s forests are also classified according to geographical
characteristics, which include climate factors such as rainfall and
temperature. This classification highlights the ecological diversity of
Rajasthan’s forest ecosystems.
The major types of forests based on geography are:
(i) Tropical Thorny/Xerophytic Forests
Rainfall: 0–30 cm annually.
Forest Area: 6% of the total forest area.
Regions: These forests are predominantly found in the arid desert
regions of Rajasthan, including Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Barmer, and
Jodhpur.
Main Vegetation: Xerophytic plants like Cactus, Aloe Vera, and
Thorny Bushes are dominant species in these forests.
Importance: These forests are crucial in preventing desertification
and stabilizing sand dunes in the desert regions. Their vegetation is
highly drought-resistant.
(ii) Tropical Dhok Forests
Rainfall: 30–60 cm annually.
Forest Area: 58%, forming the largest forest area in Rajasthan.
Regions: These forests thrive in the semi-arid desert regions,
especially in areas like the Luni Basin, Nagaur, Shekhawati, Karauli,
and Sawai Madhopur.
Main Vegetation: The predominant species in these forests are Khejri,
Rohida, Acacia/Babool, Ber, and Kair.
Importance: These forests provide a vital source of fuelwood for local
communities and support a variety of wildlife species.
(iii) Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
Rainfall: 50–80 cm annually.
Forest Area: 28%.
Regions: Found in regions such as Alwar, Bharatpur, Karauli,
Dholpur, Udaipur, Chittorgarh, Bhilwara, and Rajsamand.
Main Vegetation: These forests are rich in commercially valuable
species like Sal, Teak, Rosewood (Shisham), Mango, and
Sandalwood.
Importance: These forests have the highest economic importance
due to their timber production, which is vital for Rajasthan’s timber
industry.
(iv) Tropical Teak Forests
Rainfall: 75–110 cm annually.
Forest Area: 7%.
 Regions: These forests are found in the southern regions of Banswara,
Dungarpur, Pratapgarh, Kota, and Jhalawar.
Main Vegetation: The dominant species include Gular, Mahua, and
Tendu.
Importance: Teak forests are valuable for industrial uses, particularly
for timber, and also support the bidi-making industry through Tendu
leaves.
(v) Sub-Tropical Evergreen Forests
Rainfall: Over 150 cm annually.
Forest Area: 1%.
Regions: These forests are limited to the Mount Abu region.
Main Vegetation: Dicliptera abu ansis (Ambarstari), Jamun, and
Bamboo.
Importance: These forests are known for their biodiversity,
supporting a wide range of flora and fauna.

The diagram highlights the ecological distribution of forests in Rajasthan

based on their rainfall patterns. This map emphasizes that Dhok forests
cover the majority of the state due to their adaptability to Rajasthan’s semi-
arid climate, while other forest types are more limited to regions with
specific rainfall requirements.
Geographical Map and Diagram
The geographical diagram divides Rajasthan into distinct forest zones
based on rainfall and vegetation type, providing a clear visualization of the
state’s forest diversity:
Thorny/Xerophytic Vegetation: Found in the arid west, with sparse
rainfall.
Dhok Forests: Covering the majority of the state, thriving in moderate
rainfall conditions.
Dry Deciduous Forests: Found in parts with slightly higher rainfall.
Teak Forests: Restricted to regions receiving higher rainfall, mainly in
the south.
Sub-Tropical Evergreen Forests: Located in areas with the most
rainfall, mainly in the southeast.

IMPORTANT FOREST SPECIES AND GRASSLANDS IN RAJASTHAN

Certain forest species are of significant cultural, ecological, and economic
importance in Rajasthan. Below is a detailed description of key forest and
grass species:
(i) Khejri (Prosopis Cineraria)
 Regions: Predominantly found in Western Rajasthan.
Other Names: Known as the State Tree (since 1983), Shami tree, or
Kalpvraksh of the state.
Cultural Importance: The Khejri tree is worshiped during the festival
of Vijayadashami/Dussehra, symbolizing victory and prosperity.
Ecological Importance: This tree is crucial for maintaining soil fertility
and providing fodder in arid regions.
(ii) Rohida (Tecomella undulata)
Regions: Found extensively in Western Rajasthan.
Other Names: Known as the State Flower (since 1983) and referred to
as the Teak of the Desert.
Economic Use: This tree is highly valued for its timber, which is used in
furniture and construction.
(iii) Mahua (Madhuca longifolia)
Regions: Found mainly in Dungarpur.
Other Names: Referred to as the Kalpavriksha of Tribes.
Economic Use: The flowers of the Mahua tree are used in making
liquor, a significant source of income for tribal communities.
(iv) Palash/Dhak/Khakra (Butea monosperma)
Regions: Found primarily in Rajasthan.
Other Names: Known as The Flame of Forest due to its vibrant
orange flowers.
Cultural Importance: The tree is used in traditional medicine and its
flowers are used for making dyes.
(v) Dicliptera Abu ansis/Ambertari
Regions: Found only in Mount Abu, this medicinal plant is unique to
this region.
Medicinal Use: It has medicinal properties and is used for treating
various ailments.
(vi) Khair (Acacia catechu)
Regions: Found in Udaipur and Chittorgarh.
Economic Use: The Katha prepared from Khair bark is a crucial
ingredient in betel nut (pan) preparation, traditionally prepared by the
Kathori tribe.
(vii) Mulberry/Shahoot (Morus alba)
Regions: Predominantly in Udaipur.
Economic Use: The leaves of the Mulberry tree support sericulture
(silk production).
(viii) Tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon)
 Regions: Found in Pratapgarh, Chittorgarh, and Hadoti.
Economic Use: The leaves are used to make Bidis (traditional Indian
cigarettes).
Historical Importance: The Tendu tree was nationalized in 1974 to
protect its resources.
(ix) Jamun (Syzygium cumini)
Regions: Grows in Mount Abu and Ajmer.
Medicinal Use: The fruit is beneficial for treating diabetes.
(x) Teak (Tectona grandis)
Regions: Primarily found in Banswara.
Economic Use: Teak is highly valued for its timber, used in furniture
and construction.

Main Grasses in Rajasthan

Rajasthan, with its unique arid and semi-arid regions, is home to several
grass species that play a vital role in the local ecosystem. These grasses
serve various purposes, from providing fodder for animals to contributing to
local industries.
(i) Sewan/Leelon Grass (Lasiurus Scindicus)
Maximum Region: Found in Jaisalmer.
Uses: This grass is used extensively as animal feed and is commonly
referred to as the shelter of the Godavan, the state bird of Rajasthan.
It helps sustain the livestock industry in the desert regions.
(ii) Dhaman Grass (Cenchrus Setigerus)
Maximum Region: Predominantly found in Jaisalmer.
Uses: Known for being a valuable fodder for milch animals, it
supports the dairy industry, which is vital in Rajasthan’s economy.
(iii) Bamboo (Bambusa Vulgaris)
Maximum Region: Found in Banswara.
Other Names: Commonly referred to as “Green Gold”, it is highly
valued among tribal communities.
Uses: Bamboo is the longest grass species and is an essential resource
for construction, handicrafts, and as a raw material in various
industries.
(iv) Khas Grass
Maximum Region: Found in Bharatpur, Sawai Madhopur, Tonk, and
Ajmer.
 Uses: Khas grass is known for its fragrant roots, which are used in
making syrups and perfumes. It has significant economic importance
in the fragrance industry.
(v) Bur Grass
Maximum Region: Found in Bikaner.
Uses: Like Khas grass, Bur grass is also valued for its fragrance and is
used in the perfume industry.
(vi) Mochia Grass
Maximum Region: Found in Churu.
Special Mention: This grass is found in the Tal Chhapar Sanctuary,
where it plays a crucial role in the local ecosystem.

AFFORESTATION PROGRAMS IN RAJASTHAN

To counteract the effects of desertification and expand forest cover,
Rajasthan has implemented several afforestation initiatives, supported by
both national and international organizations.
(1) Desert Afforestation Program (1977-78)
Regions: Implemented across 10 districts.
Objective: Focuses on increasing green cover in Rajasthan’s desert
regions to combat soil erosion and improve environmental
sustainability.
Financial Cooperation: The program is funded by the central
government (75%) and the state government (25%).
(2) State Forest Action Plan (SEAP)
Duration: 1996-2010 (20-year program).
Objective: Aimed at long-term afforestation and forest conservation in
the state, focusing on biodiversity conservation, soil, and water
management.
(3) Aravalli Afforestation Plan (1992)
Cooperation: Supported by the Government of Japan.
Objective: Focuses on afforestation in the Aravalli ranges to restore
degraded forest land and improve ecological balance in one of the
most critical geographical regions of Rajasthan.
(4) Rajasthan Forest and Biodiversity Project (2003)
Assistance: Funded by the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA).
 Objective: Focuses on preserving biodiversity and expanding forest
cover, especially in biodiversity hotspots across Rajasthan.
(5) Harit Rajasthan Yojna (2009-2014)
Objective: A five-year afforestation program aimed at increasing the
forest cover in the state and improving ecological sustainability.
(6) Van Dhan Yojna (12 August 2015)
Objectives:
Reduce dependency on forests for forest-dwelling communities.
Provide employment opportunities through forest-based
industries.
Conserve wildlife in forest regions.
The Van Dhan Yojna is particularly aimed at empowering communities living
near forest areas by promoting sustainable livelihood options.
Afforestation Program Objectives:
1. Increase forest and biodiversity through large-scale plantation
drives.
2. Conserve soil and groundwater by planting trees in desert and arid
regions.
3. Alleviate poverty by providing employment opportunities in
afforestation projects and promoting sustainable forest industries.

Phases of Implementation:
Phase I (2003-2010): Covered 18 districts.
Phase II (2011-2019): Extended to 15 districts, including 10 desert
districts and 5 non-desert districts (Jaipur, Sirohi, Banswara,
Dungarpur, Bhilwara).

Forest Conservation Awards

Forest and wildlife conservation play a critical role in maintaining
Rajasthan’s biodiversity and ecological balance. Several awards recognize
the efforts of individuals and institutions working towards these objectives.
(1) Amrita Devi Bishnoi Award (1994)
Objective: This award recognizes excellence in:
Afforestation initiatives.
Forest conservation efforts.
Wildlife conservation.
Award Levels:
 Individual Forest Protection: ₹50,000
Example: Om Singh Rajawat (2018)
Individual Wildlife Protection: ₹50,000
Example: Satnam Singh Rajawat (2018)
Institutional Forest Protection and Management: ₹1,00,000
Example: Institutions like Wonder Cement Company (RK
Nagar, Chittorgarh) and Forest Protection and Management
Committee, Udaipur (Patiya).
The award is named after Amrita Devi Bishnoi, who, along with 363 other
Bishnois, sacrificed her life in 1730 to protect Khejri trees from being cut
down.

(2) Indira Priyadarshini Vriksh Mitra Puraskar

Objective: This award is given by the Ministry of Environment and
Forests, Government of India to individuals and institutions that have
made pioneering contributions in the field of afforestation and
wasteland development.
Prize Amount: ₹2.5 lakh.
(3) Rajeev Gandhi Environmental Conservation Award
Initiation: This award was initiated in 2012 and is presented every
year on June 5 to mark World Environment Day.
(4) Kailash Sankhala Wildlife Conservation Award
Objective: This award is specifically aimed at recognizing
contributions to wildlife protection. The award is named after Kailash
Sankhala, known as the Tiger Man of India, for his extensive work in
tiger conservation.
Prize Amount: ₹50,000.
(5) Vanpal Award
This award is given to officers, forest protectors, and other workers
who demonstrate exceptional service in protecting forests and wildlife.

Acts Related to Forest and Wildlife Conservation

Act Year
Wildlife Protection Act 1972
Tiger Protection Act 1973
Crocodile Protection Act 1975
 Act Year
Forest Conservation Act 1980 (amended in 1988)
Environmental Conservation Act 1986

Rajasthan’s forest conservation efforts are bolstered by a framework of

national laws, which provide the legal foundation for protecting the state’s
natural resources.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CONSERVATION ACTS, IMPORTANT
DAYS, AND RELATED INSTITUTIONS IN RAJASTHAN
Key Conservation Acts in Rajasthan
Rajasthan has a strong legal framework aimed at the protection and
conservation of wildlife and biodiversity. The following are key legislative
acts enacted for conservation efforts:
1. Elephant Conservation Act (1992): This act aims to protect elephant
populations and their habitats.
2. Biodiversity Conservation Act (2002): Focuses on protecting the
state’s biodiversity by regulating access to biological resources and
promoting sustainable use.
3. Dolphin Conservation Act (2009): Protects dolphin species,
particularly freshwater dolphins.
4. Camel Conservation Act (2014): Aims to protect camels, which are
important to the cultural and ecological fabric of Rajasthan.
5. Godawan Conservation Act (2014): Protects the Godawan (Great
Indian Bustard), Rajasthan’s state bird, which is critically endangered.
Note: The Rajasthan State Biodiversity Board was established on 14
September 2010 in Jaipur to oversee biodiversity conservation across the
state.

Important Days Related to Environmental Conservation

Rajasthan celebrates a number of key environmental and wildlife-related
days to promote awareness and conservation efforts:
1. 14th January – 31st January: Animal Fortnight.
2. 2nd February: Ramsar / World Wetland Day.
3. 21st March: World Forestry Day.
4. 22nd March: World Water Day.
5. 22nd April: World Earth Day.
6. 22nd May: International Biodiversity Day.
7. 5th June: World Environment Day.
8. 1st July – 7th July: Van Mahotsav Forest Week.
 9. 16th September: Ozone Day.
10. 1st October – 7th October: Wildlife Week.

Themes for 2021:

Earth Day: Restore Our Earth.
Water Day: Valuing Water.
Biodiversity Day: We Are Part of the Solution.
World Environment Day: Ecosystem Restoration.

Related Institutions of Forest Conservation in Rajasthan

Rajasthan has key research institutes that play a vital role in forest
conservation and ecological studies.
(a) CAZRI (Central Arid Zone Research Institute)
Established: 1959 in Jodhpur.
Focus: Research on sustainable development and management of arid
and semi-arid ecosystems.
(b) AFRI (Arid Forest Research Institute)
Established: 1988 in Jodhpur.
Focus: Forest research focused on arid zones, addressing
afforestation, soil conservation, and biodiversity.

Biological Parks of Rajasthan

Rajasthan has developed several biological parks aimed at conservation
and education about wildlife. These parks play an important role in
protecting local fauna and flora while also serving as research and tourism
hubs.
1. Sajjangarh Biological Park (Udaipur)
2. Machia Safari (Jodhpur)
3. Nahargarh Biological Park (Jaipur)
4. Abheda Biological Park (Kota/Nanta – under construction)
5. Marudhara Biological Park (Bikaner/Beechwali – under construction)

Other Notable Parks in Rajasthan

In addition to biological parks, Rajasthan also boasts other parks that
contribute to biodiversity conservation:
 1. Nature Park (Churu, Sikar)
2. Cactus Garden (Kuldhara, Jaisalmer)
3. Butterfly Valley (Jaipur)
4. Bougainvillea Park (Jaipur, Udaipur)
5. Biodiversity Park (Gamdhar, Udaipur)
Note: The famous Monkey Valley is located at Galta Ji in Jaipur, a site
well-known for its large population of rhesus macaques.

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