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constructions

This document outlines the construction of various geometric figures using a compass and graduated scale, including perpendicular bisectors, angle bisectors, and triangles based on given dimensions and angles. It provides step-by-step examples for constructing specific angles and triangles, along with practice exercises for further application. The chapter concludes with a practice test to assess understanding of the construction techniques.

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alpesh.jain DPS Bopal
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14 views4 pages

constructions

This document outlines the construction of various geometric figures using a compass and graduated scale, including perpendicular bisectors, angle bisectors, and triangles based on given dimensions and angles. It provides step-by-step examples for constructing specific angles and triangles, along with practice exercises for further application. The chapter concludes with a practice test to assess understanding of the construction techniques.

Uploaded by

alpesh.jain DPS Bopal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 11

CONSTRUCTIONS
Points to Remember :
Using a graduated scale and a compass, we can construct the following :
1. Perpendicular bisector of a line segement.
2. Bisector of an angle.
3. Angle of measures 60°, 90°, 45° etc.
4. A triangle given its base, a base angle and the sum of the other two sides.
5. A triangle give its base, a base angle and the difference of the other two sides.
6. A triangle given its perimeter and its base angles.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES
Example 1. Draw a line segment AB = 7 cm. Construct its perpendicular bisector. Give step of constructions
also.
Solution.

Step of constructions:
(i) Draw a line segment AB = 7 cm
1
(ii) Taking A and B as centres and radius more than AB, draw arcs on both sides of the line
2
segment AB.
(iii) Let these arcs intersect each other at P and Q. Join P to Q.
(iv) Let PQ intersect AB at M. The line PMQ is the reqired perpendicular bisector of AB.
Example 2. Construct an angle of 60° at the initial point of a given ray.
Solution. Step of constructions:
(i) Draw the ray AB.
(ii) Taking A as centre and some suitable radius, draw an
arc of a circle, which intersects AB, say at a point D.
(iii) Taking D as centre and with the same radius as before,
draw an arc intersecting the previously drawn arc, say
at a point E.
(iv) Draw the ray AC passing through E.
Then, CAB is the required angle of 60°.
MATHEMATICS–IX CONSTRUCTIONS 131
Example 3. Construct the bisector of a given angle ABC = 70°.
Solution. Step of constructions:
(i) Draw ABC = 70° using a protractor.
(ii) Taking B as centre and any radius, draw an arc to
intersect the rays BA and BC, say at E and D
respectively.
(iii) Taking E and D as centres and with the radius more
1
than DE, draw arcs to intersect each other, say
2
at F.
(iv) Draw the ray BF. This ray BF is the required bisector of the ABC.
Example 4. Construct a ABC in which BC = 5 cm, B = 60° and the sum of the other two sides is 7 cm.
Solution.

Step of Constructions:
(i) Draw BC = 5 cm.
(ii) Draw XBC = 60°
(iii) On the ray BX, mark off point D such that BD = 7 cm.
(iv) Join D to C.
(v) Draw perpendicular bisector EF of CD. Let it intersects BD at A.
(vi) Join A to C.
ABC is the required triangle.
Example 5. Construct a ABC in which BC = 5.5 cm, B = 30° and AB – AC = 2cm.
Solution.

132 CONSTRUCTIONS MATHEMATICS–IX


Step of constructions:
(i) Draw BC = 5.5 cm.
(ii) Draw XBC = 30°
(iii) On the ray BX, mark off point D such that BD = 2 cm.
(iv) Join D to C.
(v) Draw perpendicular bisector EF of CD. Let it intersects BX at A.
(vi) Join A to C.
ABC is the required triangle.
Example 6. Construct a ABC in which B = 45°, C = 60° and AB + BC + AC = 13 cm.
Solution. Step of constructions:

(i) Draw XY = 13 cm.


(ii) Draw MXY = 45° and NYX = 60°
(iii) Draw angle bisectors of MXY and NYX, meeting at a point, say A.
(iv) Draw perpendicular bisector of XA and YA, meeting XY at B and C respectively.
(v) Join A to B and A to C.
ABC is the required triangle.

PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. Construct the angles of the following measurements :
1
(i) 90° (ii) 22  (iii) 75° (iv) 15° (v) 135°
2
2. Construct an equilateral triangle XYZ, in which XY = 5.4 cm.
3. Construct a triangle ABC, in which BC = 5.8 cm, ACB = 45° and AB + AC = 7 cm.
4. Construct a triangle ABC, in which AC = 5 cm, A = 60° and sum of the sides AB and BC is 8.5 cm.
5. Construct a triangle ABC in which AC = 5.5 cm, A = 30° and BC – AB = 1.6 cm.
6. Construct a triangle ABC in which AB = 4.2 cm, B = 45° and BC – AC = 2 cm.
7. Construct a triangle ABC in which B = 60°, C = 45° and AB + BC + AC = 11 cm.
8. Construct a triangle PQR in which Q = 45°, R = 30° and PQ + QR + PR = 9.5 cm.
9. Construct a right-angled triangle whose perimeter is 12 cm and one acute angle is equal to 60°.
10. Construct a ABC such that BC = 6 cm, AB = 6 cm and median AD = 4 cm.

MATHEMATICS–IX CONSTRUCTIONS 133


PRACTICE TEST
MM : 20 Time : 1 hour
2

General Instructions :
Each Questions carry 5 marks.
1. Construct an angle of 90° at the initial point of a ray AB and justify your construction.
2. Construct a ABC in which BC = 8 cm, B = 60°, and AB + AC = 13.5 cm.
3. Construct a ABC in which BC = 6 cm, B = 60° and AC – AB = 2.2 cm.
4. Construct a PQR in which Q = 30°, R = 45° and PQ + QR + PR = 10 cm.

134 CONSTRUCTIONS MATHEMATICS–IX

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