Shear Force and Bending Moment Analysis
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phhoangTopics covered
- Mechanical Engineering,
- Engineering Applications,
- Load-Bearing Capacity,
- Moment Distribution,
- Structural Dynamics,
- Force Diagrams,
- Material Behavior,
- Structural Engineering,
- Force Equilibrium,
- Engineering Calculations
Shear Force and Bending Moment Analysis
Uploaded by
phhoangTopics covered
- Mechanical Engineering,
- Engineering Applications,
- Load-Bearing Capacity,
- Moment Distribution,
- Structural Dynamics,
- Force Diagrams,
- Material Behavior,
- Structural Engineering,
- Force Equilibrium,
- Engineering Calculations
SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING
MOMENT DIAGRAM
A simply supported beam is acted upon by two equal concentrated transverse loads at a third of
the span from both the ends. The Free Body Diagram (FBD) of the beam is as follows:
P P
1 2 3 4 5 6
P L/3 L/3 L/3 P
The sign convention used is upwards positive for force and clockwise positive for moment.
Free body diagram and equilibrium equations at section 1:
Vx
Mx
P x
� �� = � − �� = 0 ⇒ �� = �
� �� = �� − �� = 0 ⇒ �� = ��
Free body diagram and equilibrium equations at section 2 are same as above.
Free body diagram and equilibrium equations at section 3:
L/3 P Vx
Mx
P x
� �� = � − � − �� = 0 ⇒ �� = 0
� ��
� �� = �� − � �� − � −�� = 0 ⇒ �� =
3 3
Equilibrium equations for sections 4, 5 and 6 can be derived similarly. The symmetry of the
problem can be taken into account for them. So the bending moment at section 4 will be same as
section 3, moment at section 5 will be same as section 2 and so on. The shear forces will
however have opposite sign.
The Shear Force Diagram (SFD) for the beam:
P
+
_
-P
L/3 L/3 L/3
Notice that the shear force is zero at the middle third of the beam.
The Bending Moment Diagram (BMD) for the beam (notice the symmetry about the centre line):
PL/3
+
L/3 L/3 L/3
The Deflected shape of the beam:
L/3 L/3 L/3
R- changing, Downhill slope (+ve Shear Force) R- changing, Uphill slope (-ve Shear Force)
Constant R, Constant Bending moment
A note on sign convention:
Sign convention for rigid part (for reactions):
You can assume any direction as long as you are consistent. For example, you can either set the
upward direction or the downward direction to be positive and apply force equilibrium equation
in the vertical direction. This is because you treat the structure as a rigid body.
Sign convention for bending/shear (for flexible part):
Mx
Mx
Positive Bending Moment
+M
Left Cut Right Cut
Vx
+V
Positive Shear Force
Vx
Slope Downhill
