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Англи хэл суд ажил 2 hulan

The document outlines a research work plan for a course in Professional English related to Electrical Engineering, detailing the historical development, education, job duties, salaries, and workforce statistics in the field. It highlights key milestones from ancient discoveries to modern advancements, emphasizing the importance of electrical engineering in technological innovation and sustainability. The research aims to analyze average salaries, global demand, and the evolution of electrical engineering education and practices.

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Bayrkhuu Azaa
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
9 views16 pages

Англи хэл суд ажил 2 hulan

The document outlines a research work plan for a course in Professional English related to Electrical Engineering, detailing the historical development, education, job duties, salaries, and workforce statistics in the field. It highlights key milestones from ancient discoveries to modern advancements, emphasizing the importance of electrical engineering in technological innovation and sustainability. The research aims to analyze average salaries, global demand, and the evolution of electrical engineering education and practices.

Uploaded by

Bayrkhuu Azaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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МАНДАХ ИХ СУРГУУЛЬ

Department of Foreign Languages

E.Khulan Nomin-Erdene
Electrical engineering

Course name: Professional English /Electrical engineering /


Course code: ENG107

ULAANBAATAR CITY 2024


Department of Foreign Languages
МАНДАХ ИХ СУРГУУЛЬ

Electrical engineering

Completed by students: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /E.Khulan Nomin-Erdene Engineering Economics 2nd


Year /

ULAANBAATAR CITY 2024


RESEARCH WORK PLAN

15 of the 3 months increased the research work. Read and study books about research
work, textbooks about research work

CONTENTS

i
RESEARCH WORK PLAN.................................................................................................I

CONTENTS.........................................................................................................................II

ABSTRACT...........................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.......................3

EDUCATION........................................................................................................................5

JOB DUTIES.........................................................................................................................6

SALARIES AND WORKFORCE STATISTICS..............................................................7

ii
ABSTRACT

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TRACES ITS ORIGINS TO THE LATE 19TH CENTURY,


EMERGING FROM THE FIELDS OF PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS. IT WAS PRIMARILY
DRIVEN BY ADVANCEMENTS IN ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM, AND ELECTRICAL
CIRCUITS

Key Milestones in Electrical Engineering Origins:


Ancient and Early Discoveries:
Ancient civilizations, such as the Greeks, observed static electricity (e.g., Thales of
Miletus in 600 BCE).
The Baghdad Battery (circa 250 BCE) is believed by some to be an early example of
electrical experimentation.
17th and 18th Century Foundations:
William Gilbert (1600): Coined the term "electricity" and studied magnetism.
Benjamin Franklin (1752): Conducted the famous kite experiment, proving that
lightning is a form of electricity.
Luigi Galvani (1780s): Discovered bioelectricity through experiments with frogs'
legs.
Alessandro Volta (1800): Invented the voltaic pile, the first true battery, providing a
steady electrical current.
19th Century – Birth of Modern Electrical Engineering:
André-Marie Ampère (1820s): Developed Ampère’s Circuital Law, describing the
relationship between electricity and magnetism.

INTRODUCTION

Research objective

It seeks to grasp the fundamental principles of mechanical engineering.


Research Methodology
This research has been conducted independently of any political organization or
official's policy influence, adhering to scientific methodology, and the conclusions of
the research are based solely on the results established by the research itself, utilizing
a wide range of leadership, academic, and specialized methods.
Literature review:
1. Introduction
Electrical engineering is a broad field that has evolved over the past century,
significantly impacting technological advancements. This literature review explores
the historical development, key areas of research, and recent trends in electrical
engineering.

2. Historical Background
The origins of electrical engineering can be traced back to the late 19th century with
the discoveries of electricity and magnetism. Early pioneers such as Michael
Faraday, Nikola Tesla, and Thomas Edison contributed to foundational knowledge,
leading to the development of electrical power generation, transmission, and
utilization. The invention of the transistor in 1947 marked a significant turning point,
enabling the miniaturization of electronic devices and the rise of modern computing
(Shockley et al., 1948).
Key Areas of Research
3.1 Power Systems and Renewable Energy
Power engineering focuses on the generation, transmission, and distribution of
electrical energy. Recent studies highlight the integration of renewable energy
sources, such as solar and wind power, into existing grids (Zhou et al., 2018). Smart
grids and energy storage solutions are also key research areas (Chen et al., 2020).

3.2 Electronics and Semiconductor Devices


The study of semiconductor materials and microelectronics has led to innovations in
computing and communication technologies. Research by Moore (1965) predicted
the exponential growth in transistor density, which continues to drive advancements
in integrated circuits and nanotechnology.

3.3 Telecommunications and Signal Processing


The evolution of communication systems, from telephony to 5G networks, has been
extensively studied (Rappaport et al., 2019). Signal processing techniques are crucial
for improving data transmission, noise reduction, and image processing applications
(Proakis & Manolakis, 2007).

3.4 Control Systems and Automation


Modern control systems are integral to industrial automation, robotics, and aerospace
engineering. Research in artificial intelligence and machine learning has further
enhanced automation and predictive control strategies (Astrom & Murray, 2010).

4. Recent Advancements and Emerging Trends


The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) has
significantly influenced electrical engineering. Smart devices, autonomous systems,
and wireless sensor networks are transforming industries (Al-Fuqaha et al., 2015).
Additionally, quantum computing and neuromorphic engineering are emerging fields
that promise groundbreaking applications (Preskill, 2018).

5. Conclusion
Electrical engineering continues to evolve, integrating advanced technologies to
address modern challenges. Future research is expected to focus on sustainable
energy solutions, AI-driven automation, and next-generation communication
systems.

References
Astrom, K. J., & Murray, R. M. (2010). Feedback Systems: An Introduction for
Scientists and Engineers.
Chen, S., et al. (2020). "Energy storage technologies in smart grids."
Moore, G. E. (1965). "Cramming more components onto integrated circuits."
Preskill, J. (2018). "Quantum computing in the NISQ era and beyond."
Rappaport, T. S., et al. (2019). "5G wireless communications: An overview."
Zhou, W., et al. (2018). "Integration of renewable energy sources in power grids."
Shockley, W., et al. (1948). "The invention of the transistor."

Objective and goals of the research work

The purpose of the study is to find out the average salary to study the principles of
electrical engineering, to study the development of electricity, to study the global
demand for electrical engineering.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

1. Ancient and Classical Foundations


The roots of electrical engineering can be traced back to early civilizations that
observed and utilized electrical phenomena:
Ancient Greece (600 BCE): Thales of Miletus discovered static electricity by rubbing
amber against fur.
Ancient Rome and China: Early records of electric fish being used for medicinal
purposes.
2. 17th and 18th Century: Early Discoveries
This period marked significant discoveries in electricity and magnetism:
William Gilbert (1600): Coined the term 'electricity' and studied magnetism.
Benjamin Franklin (1752): Demonstrated that lightning is electrical in nature.
Luigi Galvani (1780s): Observed bioelectricity in frog legs, leading to early studies
of electromagnetism.
Alessandro Volta (1800): Invented the voltaic pile, the first true battery.
3. 19th Century: The Birth of Electrical Engineering
The 19th century saw major theoretical and practical advancements:
Hans Christian Ørsted (1820): Discovered the link between electricity and
magnetism.
Michael Faraday (1831): Discovered electromagnetic induction, leading to the
development of electric generators and transformers.
Georg Ohm (1827): Formulated Ohm’s Law, defining the relationship between
voltage, current, and resistance.
James Clerk Maxwell (1860s): Developed Maxwell’s Equations, the foundation of
electromagnetic wave theory.
Thomas Edison (1879): Invented the practical electric light bulb and developed
electric power distribution systems.
Nikola Tesla (1880s-1890s): Pioneered alternating current (AC) power systems,
induction motors, and wireless transmission.
4. 20th Century: Electrification and Technological Expansion
Electrical engineering flourished with technological advancements:
Power Grids and Electrification: Widespread implementation of AC power grids,
making electricity accessible globally.
Electronics Revolution (1940s-1950s): Invention of the transistor (1947) by
Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain, leading to the development of modern electronics.
Computing Era (1960s-1980s): Development of microprocessors, integrated circuits,
and personal computers.
Telecommunications: The rise of radio, television, and satellite communication.
Space Exploration: Electrical engineering contributions to spacecraft systems,
satellites, and advanced navigation.
5. 21st Century: Smart Technologies and Sustainable Energy
Modern electrical engineering focuses on innovation and sustainability:
Renewable Energy: Solar, wind, and hydroelectric advancements.
Smart Grids: Intelligent and efficient power distribution systems.
Artificial Intelligence and IoT: Integration of AI in electrical systems and smart
devices.
Quantum Computing: Exploration of quantum mechanics in computing for
unprecedented processing power.

Conclusion
From its early discoveries to cutting-edge modern technologies, electrical
engineering has played a vital role in shaping the world. It continues to evolve,
driving innovation in communication, automation, and sustainable energy solutions.
EDUCATION

Electrical engineering education typically follows a structured curriculum, focusing


on both theoretical and practical aspects of electrical systems, electronics, and
technology. Here’s a general overview of what it will be like:

1. Bachelor’s Degree (4-5 years)


The first step is obtaining a Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng) or Bachelor of Science
(B.Sc.) in Electrical Engineering. The program typically includes the following:

Core Subjects:
Mathematics: Calculus, linear algebra, and differential equations.
Physics: Principles of electricity, magnetism, and mechanics.
Basic Engineering: Mechanics, thermodynamics, materials science.
Programming: Computer programming languages, digital systems, microprocessors.
Circuit Design: Study of electrical circuits, analog, and digital electronics.
Specialized Topics:
Power Systems: Generation, transmission, and distribution of electrical power.
Electronics and Signals: Analog/digital electronics, signal processing.
Control Systems: Automation, robotics, and process control.
Communication Systems: Telecommunication, wireless networks, and signal
processing.
Embedded Systems: Microcontrollers and hardware-software integration.
Practical Work:
Laboratories: Hands-on experiments to build and test electrical circuits, systems, and
devices.
Projects: Developing practical solutions for real-world electrical problems.
Internships: Gaining industry experience with engineering firms, power plants, or
tech companies.
2. Master’s Degree (Optional, 1-2 years)
After completing the bachelor’s degree, you may choose to specialize further with a
Master’s in Electrical Engineering. It often focuses on research and advanced
technologies, including topics like renewable energy systems, advanced robotics, or
wireless communication.

3. Doctoral Degree (Ph.D.)


If you are interested in pursuing advanced research, a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering
is an option, where you will engage in in-depth research, contributing to innovations
in the field. This typically takes 3-5 years, focusing on a specific area of electrical
engineering.

Key Skills Developed:


Problem-solving and critical thinking.
Design and analysis of electrical systems.
Proficiency in software tools and simulations.
Ability to work in interdisciplinary teams.
Would you like to know more about specific universities, career paths, or other
details regarding electrical engineering education?

\
Applications of Mechanical Engineering
 Automotive Engineering: Design and manufacturing of vehicles and
transportation systems.
 Aerospace Engineering: Design of aircraft and spacecraft.
 Energy Systems: Development of renewable energy systems and thermal
power plants.
 Biomechanics: Study of human body movement and organ mechanisms,
leading to the creation of medical devices.

Skills of Mechanical Engineers


 Deep knowledge of mathematics and physics.
 Proficiency in computer modeling and simulation software (CAD, FEA,
CFD).
 Problem-solving and innovative thinking abilities.
 Teamwork and communication skills. (Webster, 2014)
JOB DUTIES

\ Electrical engineers play a crucial role in designing, developing, testing, and


maintaining electrical systems and equipment. Here are some common job duties and
responsibilities of electrical engineers:

1. Design and Development:


Design electrical systems: Create electrical circuits, systems, and devices for various
applications (e.g., power generation, electronics, communication).
Develop prototypes: Build and test prototypes of new electrical equipment or
systems.
Circuit design and analysis: Develop both analog and digital circuits and evaluate
their performance.
2. Testing and Troubleshooting:
Test electrical equipment: Conduct experiments and tests to evaluate the
performance of electrical systems.
Troubleshoot and resolve issues: Diagnose and fix problems with electrical systems,
ensuring they meet safety standards and performance criteria.
Simulation and modeling: Use software tools to simulate electrical circuits and
predict their behavior under various conditions.
3. Project Management and Implementation:
Project planning and coordination: Lead and manage electrical engineering projects,
from the concept phase to implementation.
Collaborate with other engineers: Work with mechanical, civil, and software
engineers to integrate electrical systems into larger projects.
Ensure compliance: Ensure that designs and projects adhere to safety standards,
regulations, and codes.
4. Research and Innovation:
Research new technologies: Stay up-to-date with the latest developments in electrical
engineering, such as renewable energy, automation, and advanced electronics.
Develop innovative solutions: Create new products or technologies that improve
electrical systems' efficiency, sustainability, or performance.
5. Maintenance and Support:
Maintain electrical systems: Perform regular inspections, maintenance, and upgrades
on electrical systems and equipment.
Provide technical support: Assist clients, colleagues, or teams with technical issues
related to electrical systems and components.
6. Documentation and Reporting:
Create technical documentation: Prepare detailed reports, schematics, and
specifications for electrical systems and components.
Record and analyze data: Document test results, operational data, and system
performance for future reference and improvements.
7. Regulatory and Safety Compliance:
Ensure safety standards: Adhere to health, safety, and environmental regulations
when designing and implementing electrical systems.
Prepare for inspections: Ensure that all electrical installations and products pass
regulatory inspections.
8. Client Interaction and Consultation:
Consult with clients: Work with clients to understand their electrical needs and
provide expert advice.
Provide cost estimates and proposals: Offer project cost estimates and timelines,
helping clients understand the scope and budget for electrical projects.
Common Work Environments:
Power generation and distribution companies
Electronics and telecommunications firms
Manufacturing plants
Construction companies (for electrical infrastructure)
Automotive and aerospace industries
Consulting and design firms
The role of an electrical engineer is dynamic and can vary depending on the industry,
with many opportunities for specialization in areas like power systems, electronics,
telecommunications, and automation.
SALARIES

The salary of an electrical engineer can vary depending on factors like location,
experience, education, industry, and company. Here’s a general overview of
electrical engineering salaries across different levels:

1. Entry-Level (0–2 years of experience):


United States: $60,000 - $80,000 per year
United Kingdom: £25,000 - £35,000 per year
Canada: CAD 50,000 - CAD 70,000 per year
India: ₹300,000 - ₹500,000 per year
2. Mid-Career (5–10 years of experience):
United States: $80,000 - $110,000 per year
United Kingdom: £35,000 - £55,000 per year
Canada: CAD 70,000 - CAD 90,000 per year
India: ₹600,000 - ₹900,000 per year
3. Experienced/Senior-Level (10+ years of experience):
United States: $100,000 - $130,000+ per year
United Kingdom: £55,000 - £80,000 per year
Canada: CAD 90,000 - CAD 120,000 per year
India: ₹1,000,000 - ₹2,000,000+ per year
4. Top Earning Industries and Positions:
Power and Energy Sector: Electrical engineers working in the power generation,
distribution, and renewable energy sectors often have higher salaries.
Telecommunications and Electronics: Companies in the telecommunications and
consumer electronics industry also offer high-paying roles for electrical engineers.
Engineering Management: Electrical engineers who advance to management or
project lead roles can earn upwards of $150,000+ annually.
Workforce Statistics:
1. Job Growth and Demand:
United States: According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), electrical
engineers are expected to see a 5% growth in job opportunities from 2022 to 2032,
which is average compared to all other occupations.
Global Demand: There is strong global demand for electrical engineers, particularly
in industries related to renewable energy, telecommunications, and automation.
2. Industry Distribution:
Telecommunications: One of the largest sectors for electrical engineers, with
significant demand for engineers in network systems, hardware, and communication
devices.
Power Generation and Distribution: With the growth of renewable energy, electrical
engineers are increasingly needed in wind, solar, and power grid projects.
Manufacturing: Electrical engineers are critical in industries like robotics,
automotive, and electronics manufacturing.
Consulting: Many electrical engineers also work as consultants, offering specialized
expertise to companies in various sectors.
3. Employment Rates by Region:
United States: Electrical engineers make up a significant portion of the workforce in
technical and engineering jobs. The median annual wage for electrical engineers was
around $100,000 in 2022.
Europe: In countries like Germany, the UK, and France, electrical engineers are in
demand in automotive, energy, and automation sectors.
Asia: India, China, and Japan also see strong demand for electrical engineers,
particularly in the manufacturing and energy sectors.
4. Diversity and Gender Representation:
Gender Diversity: Electrical engineering remains a male-dominated field, with
women making up around 13-20% of the workforce in many countries. However,
there are increasing initiatives to encourage women to enter the field.
International Representation: Electrical engineering attracts professionals from a
wide range of backgrounds globally, with increasing participation from countries in
Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
Summary of Key Points:
Salary: Electrical engineers can expect a competitive salary, with entry-level
positions starting around $60,000 to $80,000 and more experienced engineers
earning $100,000+ annually.
Job Demand: There is consistent growth in demand for electrical engineers,
especially in power, telecommunications, and renewable energy sectors.
Industry Opportunities: Electrical engineers have diverse career opportunities in
industries like electronics, energy, telecommunications, and automation.

CONCLUSION

Conclusion: Electrical Engineering


Electrical engineering is a dynamic and ever-evolving field that plays a central role
in shaping modern society. From power generation to telecommunications,
electronics, and automation, electrical engineers design and implement the systems
that power homes, industries, and technological advancements. With the continuous
growth of emerging technologies like renewable energy, artificial intelligence, and
the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for skilled electrical engineers is expected
to remain strong.

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