SoS Based Cloud Security Weighing up Using Fuzzy Decision Tree Model

A.Gokul, Assistant Professor

Abstract: Cloud systems are tools and software for cloud computing that are deployed on the Internet or a cloud computing
network, and users can use them at any time. After giving and choosing cloud providers, however, customers confront the
variety and difficulty of Standard of service(SoS). To increase customer retention and engagement success rates, it is critical to
research and develops an accurate and objective weighing up model. Cloud is the growing environment for distributed services
at various layers. Due to the benefits of this environment, globally cloud is being taken as a standard environment for individuals
as well as for the corporate sector as it reduces capital charge and provides secure, accessible, and manageable services to all
stakeholders but Cloud computing has security challenges, including vulnerability for clients and association acknowledgment,
that delay the rapid adoption of computing models. Allocation of resources in the Cloud is difficult because resources provide
huge measures of Standard of service. In this paper, the proposed resource allocation approach is based on attribute SoS Scoring
that takes into account parameters the reputation of the asset, task completion time, task completion ratio ,and resource loading.
We focused on the cloud service’s security, cloud reliability and could performance. In this paper, the machine learning
algorithm fuzzy decision tree has been used to address the cloud security issues to measure the parameter security and privacy,
trust issues. The learning reveal that the ANFIS-dependent parameters are primarily designed to discern anomalies in cloud
security and features output normally yields better results and guarantees data consistency and computational power.

Keywords: Cloud computing, performance, Standard of service, machine learning, fuzzy decision tree

1 Introduction
Businesses and organizations are increasingly relying on the cloud to deliver services. When it
comes to the cloud, there are some critical factors to consider: affordability, security, accessibility,
and integrity. The seriousness of the repercussions of any cloud attack could result in downtime,
resulting in financial and reputational damage. In 2002, an advanced system is introduced that is
Amazon Web Services created by Amazon. It is a cloud service that fulfills the need for storage for
computation.CloudserviceproviderestablishmentisElasticComputingcloudasacommercial web
service. By using that one service small companies rent out the computer and run theircomputer
applications. Being all the development, Google Microsoft and many giants also jumped into
thecompetitionsand introducedIT services [1].
Cloudcomputingisanewtechnologythatisintroducednowadayswithdifferentcloud services and
development modes as shown in Fig. 1. It provided extensible services that are easily accessible on
the compound devices without bothering that how to install the services which are
beingused,howtorunthesetup,andfinallyhowtomaintainit.Duetothecurrenteconomic scale, cloud
service providers offer the best services ofthe cloud to provide the novelty
headwayandskilljunctionthatissecured,self-
recoveredandstrong.So,theorganizationsbuilttrustandmeasuredtheedgethatisreceivedbyusingsucharra
ngements.Inthisassessmentstrategy, the organization needs to notice the effects of security and
protection against the data. Cloud computingisa storagemediumwherewe can storeourdataand
filesovertheinternet.This mediumrendersthatdataismoresecureandthread-
freeandbyusingacloudsystem,wecan access as many websites anywhere over the internet. Cloud
computing is the system where we can compute and arrange our data and information more quickly
and in a more reliable way so that anybodycan access it fromanywhere in theworld [2].
Cloudtechnologyalsoservesasabackupmechanism,allowingustostorebackupfilesfor all of our
essential files on the cloud network. Nowadays cloud computing is being used by many users so that
many users can get the advantage ofits dynamic services and applications wherever
theyare.Cloudcomputingoftenprovidesserversoftwarebackups,soyoucanrelyonitinthe
eventthatsomesoftwarefails,socloningitisahugebenefit[3].

Figure1:Cloudcomputingdeploymentandservicesmodel
CloudComputingServiceModel
Themostusedservicemodelsthroughwhichthecloudsystemprovidesdifferentservicesto the user’s
consumersare following:

InfrastructureasaService
Infrastructureisjustsupportorfoundationwhichisusedtoprovidethesetypesofservices to your
customers and cloud users like by using infrastructure you can give resources to the
equipmentsthatare usedindifferentworkslike virtualization, storagearea, networkingetc. You can
easily give these resources or facilities to your customers and cloud users to enhance your
services.Youcanincreaseyourstorageareaandthenetworkspeedavailable [4].

PlatformasaService
Platform as a service is a worldview for conveying working frameworks and it is used
toprovidethecloudusersallthefacilitiesthroughinternetwhichisaworldviewnetworkwhere we can
access and download anything, but the difference is quite simple that these facilities are
providebythecloudservicesprovidersandyoujustneedtopayforwhatyouusedoncloud.
PaaSgivesastageapparatustotest,create,andhaveapplicationsinasimilardomain[5].

SoftwareasaService
Softwareasaserviceisusedinwhichtheuserdoesnotneedtodownloadanyapplicationon its own
computer because now the SaaS is available through which we can access any
applicationnotjustonlyonourowncomputerbutatanyplace.Itisamodelinwhichtheotherperson
throughinternetgetsaccesstheotherpersonsandtheycanusealltheseapplicationsoninternet. It also
decreases theexpenses ofinstallation,provisioning.

CloudDeploymentModels
Therearefourmodelsofclouddeployment:

PrivateCloud
A private cloud is a specific model ofdistributed computingthat includes a particular and
securecloud-basedconditioninwhichjustthepredeterminedcustomercanwork.Similarly,as with other
cloud models, private mists will give figuring power as an administration inside a
virtualizeddomainutilizingabasicpoolofphysicalprocessingasset.Inanycase,underthe
privateclouddisplay,thecloud(thepoolofasset)isjustopenbyasolitaryassociationgiving thatassociation
more noteworthycontroland security.

PublicCloud
The public cloud is mostly known as the model with no-fault ponder which cloud organi-zations
are given in a virtualized circumstance, create using pooling shared physical resources accessible
over an open framework, for instance, the web. To some degree they can be portrayed instead of
private fogs which ring-fence the pool of crucial handling resources, influencing an unmistakable
cloud to the stage having only a single affiliation approach. Open fogs,
regardless,offerorganizationstothedifferentclientusingthesamesharedestablishment[6].

HybridCloud
A hybrid cloud is a joint cloud advantage utilizing both private and open patches of fog to
perform specific limits inside a comparative affiliation. All conveyed figuring organizations should
offercertainefficienciestodifferentiatingdegrees,yetopencloudorganizationsaremostlikely
1130 CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1

going to be efficiencies obtained by using open cloud organizations for all non-sensitive operations,
simply relying upon a private cloud where they require it and ensure that most of their stages are
perfectlyplanned.

CommunityCloud
A society cloud in figuring is a communication effort in which structure is shared between a
couple of relationships from a specific gathering with fundamental concerns for security, consis-
tency, and paying little respect to whetherregulated inside or by a communityand encouraged inside
or remotely. This is controlled and used by a social occasion of affiliations having a shared
interest.Thecostsaredistributedamongafewernumberofcustomersthananopencloud (however more
than a private cloud), so only a segment of the cost venture stores capacity of dispersedregistering
are makingsense ofit.

EssentialCharacteristicsofCloudComputing
AccordingtothenationalinstituteofStandardandTechnology,cloudcomputingisdefined by
thefollowing qualities:

ResourcePoolinginCloudComputing
ITtermthatexpressescloudcomputingenvironmentis“Resourcepooling”whichserves many clients
or tenants with compatible services. Some familiar terms involve elasticity, involving
“dynamicprovisioning”service,and“on-demandself-service”.Thetenantscanchangethelevel ofservices
without a contract provider. Resource pooling is put into place to give an adaptable
systemthatisinvolvedincloudcomputingandinsoftwareasaservice.

BoardNetworkAccess
Theexpansivesystemalludestotheassetsfacilitatedinsidenon-publiccloudorganizations that are
accessible through an extensive variety of gadgets, like tablets, PCs, Macintosh, and
Smartphones.Asagreaternumberofrepresentativesutilizesmartphones,tablets,anddiffer-
entgadgetswithanonlinenetwork,theyarerequiredtogettoorganizationassetsandkeepon working from
these gadgets. In a private cloud, secure information is provided just to the representatives ofthe
organization.

MeasuredServices
Referstotheadministrationsinwhichtheprovidermeasures,screensplantoorganiza- tions for
multiple purposes, like charging, convincing usage for advantages, general perceptive course of
action. The national foundation of benchmarking and innovation recognizes measured
administrationasoneoffivecomponentsofadefinitionofdistributedcomputing[7].

RapidElasticity
To provide scalable service “Rapid elasticity” is used in the cloud computing environment as
needed by the consumer. Rapid elasticity, or the capacity to deliver flexible resources, is a cloud
computing concept for scalable provisioning. One of the five basic facets of cloud computing,
according to experts, is this kind ofscalable model. Rapid elasticity, or the capacity to deliver
flexible resources, is a cloud computing concept for scalable provisioning. One of the five basic
facets of cloud computing, according to experts, is this kind of scalable model. Because of techno-
logical advances, cloud computing has emerged as promising computing IT paradigm. It provides
low-cost on-demand applications with no customer involvement. More and more businesses are
turningtocloudastheirprimarycomputingmedium,ratherthantheconventionalstorage
mechanism. Cloud computing platforms such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google, and others
have becomea partofeveryday life, and mostpeopleuse themwithoutever realizing it. The cloud’s
appeal stems from its pay-as-you-goplatform,which offerslow costs and guaranteed
Standardofservice (QoS).

2 RelatedWork
The aftermath ofswift Cloud Computing emergence resulted into the increasing demand ofsuch
solutions which can exploit the cloud attributes and properties without undermining the effectiveness
of current systems and applications. Instead of replacing applications, cloud provides the
provisioning of application/system migration with multiple execution stages. With the help of
platform as a service, it becomes possible to put forward the administrative controls on every layer
i.e., infrastructure, platform, software and finally at individual services. In this regard, cloud man-
agement becomes a far more complex and fundamental segment than application development,
networkingorevenapplicationmigration,becausealltheadministrativeunitsaresupplementary to each
other[8].
Anotherimportantaspectofcloudcomputingis therise ofunstructuredoropensource
activitiesfromdesigntodevelopmentlevel,thathelpsindevelopingapplications/servicesor
morespecificallysuchprogramroutineswhicharerequiredtoutilizecloudbenefitsintermsof services,
virtualization, and integration. This designing and programming segment has also
changedtheconceptofdistributedcomputingwithfarbroaderandmorecomplexenvironment for
conventional as well as modern opensource codification. As in the recent past, the upcoming future
is also designing its vital parameters around cloud computing, portable, remotely accessible,
interoperableapplicationswiththeassertionofIoTandotherdataunits[9].
Thisreviewertriestogiveanalternatepointofviewofthecloudapplicationthrough an individual
learning administration viewpoint and its structure in the distributed computing
condition.Theincrediblebuildupaboutdistributedcomputinganddiversearrayofdefinitions and criteria
concentrating on primarily three unique layers of administrations being framework, stage,and
programming[10].
Distributed computing identifies the changes of the workload and sustenance of resources in
accordance with the run time respectively. Despite having a lot more resources as compared to the
conventionalenvironment,still,cloudserviceprovidersdon’tfeeleaseatmanagingtheresources at
multiple layers. herefore, the role of three critical services as mentioned above become more
criticalandessentialtoensurethebasicfunctioningofacloudsystem.Inthisregard,Ghobadi
andAlipropoundedtheresourcefurnishingmethodologyforcloudcomputingthatcontingent upon the
synthesis of the autonomic computing. This leads to the point of generating the dynamic
sustenanceoftheresourcesin thecloud computing[11].
“Wang explained the framework like apache spark” which is getting famous for processinglarge
swathesofinformationeitherinaneighborhoodoracloud-deployedclusterinperformance
tothepresentframeworksthatfocusmoreonmodelingthewidevarietyofVMs.Manyof the spark
components and layers are loosely coupled in Apache Spark’s well-defined layered
architecture.Thisarchitectureisthensupplementedbyanumberofextensionsandlibraries.[12].
“As per the explanation given by kashif regardingthe concept of HPC execution” clarity, we
assessthepresentexecutionofHPCapplicationsinthecurrentcloudframeworksandafterthat talk about
different systems to alleviate obstruction, virtualization overhead and issues because of
sharedassetsinthecloud.Distributedcomputingisaserver-basedmodelthatgivesasharedpool
1132 CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1

of assets to the customers to access from a remote area. Be that as it may, due to the interconnect
transmission capacity and heterogeneity associated with the cloud benefit, HPC applications give
poorexecution in thecloud [13].
Distributed computing enables clients internet administrations on a pay-as-you-go basis. Sel-
varajexplainedTherapidincreaseindemandforcomputingpowerthroughscience,corporate, and web-
based applications has resulted in the construction of massive data centers that consume massive
quantities of electricity. We suggest an energy-efficient resource management solution for
virtualized Cloud data centers that lowers operating costs while maintaining the necessary level of
service.. Cloud server farms have entering assignments by giving assets, for example, CPU, RAM,
stockpiling, and data transmission. Along these lines, inquire about network wanted to give vitality
proficientarrangementthatreducestheeffectofthepreviouslymentionedissues[14].
Zhang explored the predictive cloud resource management framework for enterprise work-
load’sexaminationandproposedanimaginativeprescientAssetAdministrationSystem(PRMF) to beat
the downsides ofthe receptive Cloud asset administration approach. Execution
ofPRMFwascontrastedandthatofaresponsiveapproachbysendingatimesheetapplicationonthe
Cloudresolved.Best-fitmodelwasutilizedforanticipatingkeycertaintyleveloftheantici- pated esteem
ruptures the genuine metric. For tests performed in the present examination, the approach performed
superior to the receptive approach while provisioning cases and the constant investigations [15].

3 ProposedMethodology
It is a type of hybrid system of AI by elaborating as Artificial Neural Networks classified by
differentparametersoffuzzy.AfuzzysetZofsetRcanbedefinedasasetoforderedpaircan be inEq.(1).
Z={(r,CZ(r))|r∈R,0≤CZ(r)≤1} (1)

where R is a set ofconsiderations in which a fuzzy set Z is defined asCZ(r)is a membership

functionoftheelementrofthesetZ.Fuzzylogicisthenotationtorepresentthemembership that is closely
related to the degree of problem that became happens in daily life. Set of fuzzy
completelyidentifiesitsmembershipfunctionknowingthedegreeofknownvaluesofelementsr
tothesetoffuzzyrepresentedbyZwhichisrepresentedinEq.(2).
CZ(r):r→[0,1] (2)

Numbersoffuzzysetscanberepresentedasconvexnormalizedfuzzybecausetheelement
inthefuzzysetsmustbelongtothedegreeof1bynormalizingit.Abilitytoenhancethemodel of fuzzy neural
network is commonly used in the automatic procedure of representing input parameters and
elaborate some specific rules and predicting output for that. InFig. 2shows the
structureofneurofuzzysystem are:
ANFIS explains the detailed structure of the Neuro-Fuzzy Inference system. The idea behind
ANFIS is totally based on the method offuzzy modeling and learning according to the
givendataset.Thebasicintroductionoffuzzysysteminneuralnetworkistousetheneuralnetworksas
alearningabilityforimprovingtheperformanceofmodelwhichgavebetterresults.Parameters of the
membership function of fuzzy inference system are calculated according to the input-output
datapartasshowninFig.3.
CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1 1133

Figure2:Neurofuzzymodel

Figure3:Adaptiveneuro-fuzzyinferencesystem

The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system operates in the following ways. Represented fuzzy
logic sets onto the first node here is the variables as an input variable so the degree ofthe
membershipis calculated inEq.(3).
O1u=CZu(R1),foru=1and2 (3)

O1u=CYu−2(R2),foru=3and4 (4)

whereCZuandCYuarethemembershipfunctionforfuzzysets,ZuandYu.Allinputlayersin the
correspondingfirstlayer are adequately differentand the secondlayer ofthe outputofeach
nodetoperformintensityofactivationasshowninEqs.(4)and(5).
.
O2U=lu= u=1e(CZu(R1),CYu(R2))=product(CZu(R1).CYu(R2)) (5)

Forfindingthelogicaboutresultaccordingtoinformationusingthetoolforconduct-
ingexperimentsisMATLABthelearningofdataisperformedinternallyinthistooland
1134 CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1

pre-processing generates the result. In the methodology apply the neuro-fuzzy through this select
memberoftheinterfacethatperformstheirworkandenablesthesystemtogetsomeresults.
Accessibility learning and forecast have a significant influence in choosing one of the different
cloud services. This segment depicts the neuro-fuzzy inference-based prediction model utilized for
accessibility learning and expectation. This model predicts what is to come to a heap of cloud
servicesandusesitasanindicatortochoosethecomputingservicesfortheremainingloadof uses. This
methodology guarantees better flexibility within the sight of the time-differing heaps of cloud
services.
Fig. 4illustrates the architectural model ofevaluating cloud Standard ofservice using neuro-
fuzzyinferencepredictingtrust.Thismodeldependsuponthreeinstancestrainingdata,testing data, and
predicted output. These parts are further classified into some subparts. In training and testing, the
data category needs raw data as an input with some attributes time, cost, availability,
useability,security,flexibility.Afterthat,theseinputparameterspassthroughthefuzzifierand
thengototheInferenceEngine(IE).ThisIEisfurtherdividedintotwoparts:FuzzyInference
(FI)andRuleBase (RB).This fuzzyinferenceengineis usedtoevaluate theStandardofcloud
serviceafterallofthishasoccurred.Thesecondportionislikewiseseparatedintotwosubparts,
DEfuzzifierandtheoutputisintheformoftrust,whichisreferredtoaspredictedoutput.

Figure4:Aproposedneuro-fuzzyinference-basedpredictionmodel

Inthissegment,dataneedstobetrained.Thisinputparameterisdeclaredasavariableand
thisvariableiscontainingthedataelementasaninputparameterrawdataofthedatasetand importtotheneuro-
fuzzydesignerwindowfortrainingallthedataelements.Allthedatais plotted ontothescreen ofneuro-
fuzzy.Afterplotting, theseinputparametersneed testing.Testing is important to check if the data is
accurate or not. Ifall the values that the system gives to the designer are inside the circle instance it
means the dataset is accurate and effective for further use. Required input parameters are converted
into variable by the fuzzifier by using the membership function which is in the knowledge base of
neuro-fuzzy. Inference Engine (IE) is further classified
intotwosubpartsa)FuzzyInference(FI)andb)RuleBase(RU).Byusingif-thenrulesthis
entireengineisusedtoperformitsentirefunctionalityandconvertinputintomeaningoutput
CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1 1135

based on some rules. It converts the fuzzy output into the crisp with the use of the membership
function.TherearefivemethodsofDEfuzzifierwhicharecentoofarea,thebisectorofarea,
meanofmaximum,smallestofmaximum,largestofmaximum.

4 Results
Selection ofdifferent parameters based on consumer preferences should be given an image in the
cloud dynamism. Cloud services are a border term that is used by defining their properties of
cloudcomputing.SomeinputparametersareusedasshowninTab.1.

Table1: Inputvariable
Input1 Time
Input2 Cost
Input3 Availability
Input4 Useability
Input5 Security
Input6 Flexibility

Fuzzyinferenceisaprocessthroughwhichgiven inputsarematchedormappedwiththe
outputusingfuzzylogic. Inthisprocess,we usefuzzyoperators,membershipfunctions,andif-
thenrules.Fuzzyinferencecanbeapplyinginmanyfieldssuchasincontrollingautomatically,
dataclassification,formaking decisions,and in expert systems,fortheindividual modelsin a
neuralnetwork,thestructureoffuzzymodelsbemappedshowninFig.5.

Figure5:NeuralnetworkofproposedQoSparameter

Thenumberofnodesis524andthenumberoflinearparametersis243intotalasshown in Tab. 2. The

output membership functions are of the constant type technique, membership type
trimfoutputtypebecomeconstantandsystembecomehybrid.Afterthedatatestingphase,the
1136 CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1

neural organization has been tried based on information yield collections that were not utilized
during the preparation model. Testing empowers the check of the working of the neuro-fuzzy
model.

Table2:ParametersrepresentaccordingtotheQoSofcloud
Numberofnodes 524
Numberoflinearparameters 243
Numberofnon-linearparameters 45
Totalnumberofparameters 288
Numberoftrainingdatapairs 64
Numberofcheckingdatapairs 10
Numberoffuzzyrules 243

Yield information, which were created by the organization, are contrasted and the accessible
information.InevaluatingStandardofservice ofcloudcomputingtheaverage errorintrainingdata is
0.21926 shown in Fig.6data is collected from some expert members and decision is made upon by
the model take only 3 epochs out of 5 input variables. Testing out of 5 input variables cases
representedthemodelofStandard-of-serviceworksdonebyderivationswithinlimitationprovide the
tolerance and then the proposed model gives a valid result in the form ofoutput. The average
erroroftrainingdatais0.0555isshownintheFig.7.

Figure6:Trainingdataofneuralnetwork

InFig.7showscomputingtheaverageerroroftrainingdatais0.0555.allthedataisplotted onthex-
axisandy-axisandduringtrainingallthescatteddatashouldbetrainontheexactway.
CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1 1137

Figure7:Testingdataoffuzzyinferencesystem

5 SimulationandDiscussion
First step is making the principle about fuzzy logic in the research. Fuzzy inference system
includes the basic element (structure, input and output variables, number ofmembership functionare
the same about ANFIS. If the fuzzy logic system is developed, various values for the input
parameters are generated randomly and the fuzzy system is used to get the QOS value for thoseinput
variables and the result write the training file. This training file will be used by the Neural Network
to train neurons. At the core, then, the Neuro Fuzzy System was developed. Fuzzy
membershipfunctioninfuzzyQoScloudisshownbelowinFig.8.

Figure8:Membershipfunctionofinputvariablecost
1138 CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1

InFig. 8showsthemembershipfunctionthatis oftypetrimandherethedivision depends

upon3values.Thismembershipfunctionisofinputvariablecost.
InFig. 9showsthemembershipfunctionthatis oftypetrimandherethedivision depends
upon3values.Thismembershipfunctionisofinputvariablesecurity.

Figure9:Membershipfunctionofinputvariablesecurity

InFig. 10shows the membership function that is oftype trim and here the division depends
upon3values.Thismembershipfunctionisofinputvariableusability.Graphicalrepresentation
istobesummarizedofthepredictedoutputisshowninthefigurebelow.

Figure10:Membershipfunctionofinputvariableuseability

In Fig.11above here is one graph to shows the working ofthe data about QoS to
manipulatethetrust.Inthisgraphyellowcolorshowsthepartialtrustontheentiresystemaboutthevalue lays
between x and y-axis.
CMC,2022,vol.70,no.1 1139

Figure11:Surfacediagramofproposedtrustmodel

6 Conclusion:
This research provides the core constituents of a cloud Standard of service parameterslike
usabilityandavailabilitywhileotherparametersrelatedtotherequiredtime,cost,andsecurity are dynamic
and can be learned by the model using artificial intelligence and machine learning to gain
autonomous behavior that results into the flexibility evolution. Data management solutions alone are
becoming very expensive and are unable to cope with the reality of everlasting data complexity.
Taxonomies for data flexibility, for both non-cloud and cloud computing
networks,haveasignificantnatureconsideringtheStandardofservices.Thepriorimplementationcentered
on the distribution of resources considering one reputation value ignores resource heterogeneity.
Hence,theproposedresourceallocationapproachistomeasurethecredibilityscorewithafocus on QoS
parameters, based on several attributes.Estimation calculation ofthe optimal time periodfortraining
theneural feed-forwardNetwork to boostQoS parameterswith more than one
parameterinacloudenvironment.Ourexperimentdemonstratesthatthemodelingmethodology of QoS
based cloud security weighing up, as well as the model itself, can be very successful in providing the
requisite structured logic to cloud application owners regarding the configuration of their security
policies, and thus assisting them in specifying security policy that minimizes QoS violations.

Acknowledgement:Thankstoourfamiliesandcolleagues,whoprovidedmoralsupport.

FundingStatement:Theauthorsreceivednospecificfundingforthisstudy.

ConflictsofInterest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts ofinterest to report regarding
this study.

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