Suleimani Polytechnic University
Technical College of Engineering
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing
Work System & Safety
First lecture/ Introduction
Third stage/ 6th semester
Year: 2024-2025
[email protected]
Work Systems
Refer to the organized arrangements of people, tools, equipment, and procedures
within a workplace designed to achieve specific outcomes. These systems focus on
how work is structured, how tasks are assigned, and how different elements within
the system interact to optimize productivity, efficiency, and quality in various
industries to complete goals effectively and efficiently.
The main work system elements are:
Work system
components
People: Tools & Equipment: Work Procedures:
Machinery, tools, and Standardized
Workers, supervisors, technology used in processes that ensure
and managers tasks. efficiency and safety
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work system elements
Worker:
Work:
• The worker performing the task must
An activity in which a person exerts apply certain skills and knowledge to
physical and mental effort to complete the task or duty successfully.
accomplish a given task or perform a
duty • Nearly all human work activities
include both physical and mental
exertions by the worker.
Work Value:
• There is usually a commercial value in
the work activity, and the worker is
compensated for performing it.
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History of work system
1760 1800s - Early 1900s 20th Century
Pre-Industrial Work Systems Early Safety Movements The Evolution of
(Before 1760) (Mid) Ergonomics and Human
Factors (Mid)
The Rise of Scientific
The Industrial Revolution Management Modern Work Systems
Late 20th Century -
1760–1840 Early 20th Century
Present
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Work system example
Where:
E: Environment , H: Human , M: Machine
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Types of Work Systems
❑ Physical Work Systems
Refer to the physical activities and interactions
with the environment involving the collection of
tools, equipment, and facilities that are used in
the process of producing and delivering products
and services. These systems include the actual
surroundings in which work is conducted and the
instruments that workers use to execute their
duties.
Displacement Force acting
Work (distance) that an
object moves in a
on the object in the same
direction
certain direction
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❑ Cognitive Work Systems
Cognitive work systems encompass mental
processes, problem-solving, decision-making, and
creativity in the workplace.
From innovative idea generation to complex
problem-solving, cognitive work systems contribute
to organizational success
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❑ Social Work Systems
Social work systems encompass collaborative environments
where individuals interact, communicate, and coordinate to
achieve common goals. It involves teamwork, group
dynamics, and organizational culture to promote effective
social interactions and relationships.
From team collaboration to community engagement, social
work systems point out the importance of social
connections, empathy, and embedding in achieving
collective success.
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❑ Technological Work
Systems
Technological work systems encompass the
use of digital tools and software to streamline
processes and enhance productivity. These
systems integrate automation, artificial
intelligence, and data analytics to optimize
workflow and decision-making. They play a
crucial role in promoting efficiency and
innovation within modern workplaces.
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Important of work system
Improving Efficiency: Work systems are designed to streamline processes and
maximize productivity
Enhancing Communication: Facilitating effective communication among
teams and departments
Promoting Innovation: Encouraging creativity and forward-thinking solutions
within the workplace
Supporting Decision-Making: Providing information and tools to aid in
decision-making processes.
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Importance of Work Systems and Safety in the Workplace
A safety system refers to the structures, systems, and components (SSC) that
are essential for preventing, controlling, or reducing the negative effects that
may arise from the recognized dangers at a facility.
Examples of Safe Systems of work include:
• A manual detailing how to operate a potentially hazardous machine.
• A safety checklist for employees working at height or in a confined
space.
• A step-by-step guide to dealing with a certain hazardous substance.
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Common Work Systems and Safety Practices
Personal Protective Equipment Regular Safety Inspections: Emergency Response Plans:
(PPE): Ensure proper use of PPE Conduct routine checks to Establish protocols for various
for all employees identify hazards emergency situations
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Roles and Responsibilities in Maintaining Work
Systems and Safety
Management Commitment
Leadership's responsibility is to establish and promote a culture of safety
through policy and example
Employe Participation
Engaging employees in safety programs, encouraging reporting,
and actively participating in safety measures
Supervisory Oversight
Supervisors ensuring that safety protocols are followed, identifying
hazards, and providing immediate guidance.
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Benefits of Implementing Effective Work Systems and
Safety Measures
• Implementing effective work systems and safety measures leads to a significant
reduction in workplace accidents and injuries, fostering a safer and healthier
work environment.
• Enhances employee morale and productivity
• Reduces operational costs
• Ensures compliance with regulatory standards, ultimately contributing to
the overall success and sustainability of the organization.
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How the employe satisfaction and well-being?
1. Job Satisfaction 2. Work-life Balance
Whether employees find Fostering a healthy balance
their work interesting, leads to better employee well-
meaningful, and being.
appropriately challenging..
3. Collaborative Environment
Encouraging teamwork and
collaboration creates a positive
workplace culture.
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Training and education for work systems and
safety
1. Employee 2. Workplace 3. Safety 4. Safety Equipment
Safety Training Safety Seminars Regulations Demonstrations
Hands-on training for Compliance Detailed
Interactive seminars Education on adhering
employees to ensure focusing on hazard demonstrations on the
to safety regulations
proper equipment identification, risk use and maintenance
through clear signage
usage and emergency assessment, and of personal protective
and instructional
procedures. prevention strategies. equipment.
materials.
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• A Safety Toolbox Talk (TBT) is a short, informal
discussion usually conducted on construction sites, in
What is Safety industrial settings, or other work environments,
focusing on safety-related topics, procedures, and
Toolbox talk potential hazards. The primary aim of a TBT is to
(TBT)? increase awareness, ensure employees are familiar with
safety protocols, and reduce risks at the workplace.
Toolbox talks are essential for reinforcing safety
guidelines, preventing accidents, and fostering a strong
safety culture within the workplace.
Classroom discussion
1. Who can conduct a Safety Toolbox Talk (TBT)?
2. How long and often safety Toolbox Talk conducted?
3. The Importance of Safety Toolbox Talks
4. Where should this Safety Toolbox Talk take place?
5. How Can I Communicate TBT Effectively?
https://safetytoolbox.in/safety-toolbox-talk-tbt
