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Final Mock 1P

The document outlines a quiz for Edexcel with a total of 36 marks and a duration of 2 hours, including useful formulae related to energy transfer, conduction, and pressure. It describes an experiment investigating energy transfer by conduction in metals, detailing the method and safety considerations. Additionally, it includes questions for students to analyze and evaluate the results of their investigation.
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
16 views29 pages

Final Mock 1P

The document outlines a quiz for Edexcel with a total of 36 marks and a duration of 2 hours, including useful formulae related to energy transfer, conduction, and pressure. It describes an experiment investigating energy transfer by conduction in metals, detailing the method and safety considerations. Additionally, it includes questions for students to analyze and evaluate the results of their investigation.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

Quiz 4

Mock 1P
Edexcel
Total: 36 marks
Total marks= 111 Marks
Duration: 2 hours
FORMULAE

You may find the following formulae useful.

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energy transferred = current × voltage × time E = I×V×t

1 1
frequency = f=
time period T
work done W
power = P=
time taken t
energy transferred W
power = P=
time taken t
2π × orbital radius 2×π×r
orbital speed = v=
time period T

(final speed)2 = (initial speed)2 + (2 × acceleration × distance moved)


v2 = u2 + (2 × a × s)

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pressure × volume = constant p1 × V1 = p2 × V2

pressure p1 p2
= constant =
temperature T1 T2
Where necessary, assume the acceleration of free fall, g = 10 m/s2.

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2
*P73427A0236* 
5 A student uses this apparatus to investigate energy transfer by conduction in metals.

metal strips
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wooden ring

metal tack

This is the student’s method.


• attach four strips, each made of a different metal, to a wooden ring
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• use wax to attach a metal tack to the end of each metal strip
• place the strips above a Bunsen burner
• light the Bunsen burner and start a stopwatch at the same time
• when enough energy has been transferred to the wax, it melts, causing the metal
tack to fall
• record the time taken for each tack to fall
(a) Explain how the wooden ring makes the apparatus safer for the student to use.
(3)

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13
 *P73427A01336* Turn over
(b) Describe how energy is transferred by conduction through the metal strips.
(3)

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(c) The bar chart shows the results of the student’s investigation.

80

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60

Time for
tack to fall 40
in s

20

0
aluminium brass copper iron
Metal

(i) Justify the use of a bar chart in this investigation.


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(1)

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14
*P73427A01436* 
(ii) State how the student could improve the reliability of their results.
(2)
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(iii) The student concludes that iron is the best metal for transferring energy
by conduction.
Evaluate the student’s conclusion.
(2)

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(Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)


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15
 *P73427A01536* Turn over
11 The diagram shows a simple barometer designed to measure atmospheric pressure.

trapped gas

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not to scale

liquid height

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(a) (i) State the formula linking pressure difference, height, density and gravitational
field strength, g.
(1)

(ii) The total pressure at point X is 117 kPa.


The pressure of the trapped gas is 12 kPa.
Calculate the height of the liquid above point X.
[ density of liquid = 1.36 × 104 kg/m3 ]
(4)

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height = ................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m

30
*P73427A03036* 
(b) The Sun shines onto the barometer, increasing the temperature of the
trapped gas.
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The volume of the trapped gas remains constant.


(i) Explain why the pressure of the trapped gas increases as its
temperature increases.
(3)

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(ii) The temperature of the trapped gas increases from 23 °C to 38 °C.


The pressure of the trapped gas is 12 kPa when its temperature is 23 °C.
Calculate the pressure of the trapped gas when its temperature is 38 °C.
(4)
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pressure = .................................................... . . . . . . . . . . kPa


(Total for Question 11 = 12 marks)

31
 *P73427A03136* Turn over
4 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) uses radio waves to detect changes in
material underground.

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(a) (i) State the formula linking the speed, frequency and wavelength of a wave.
(1)

(ii) GPR radio waves have a frequency of 170 MHz.


The speed of radio waves is 3.0 × 108 m / s.
Calculate the wavelength of the waves.
(3)

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wavelength = ................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m
(b) (i) A radio wave passes through the ground and refracts at the boundary
between soil and rock.
The diagram shows three wavefronts of the wave before and after refraction.
The wave is also reflected at the boundary between the soil and the rock.
Complete the diagram to show three wavefronts after the wave has been
reflected at the boundary.
(3)

wavefronts
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soil
rock

10
*P71955A01032* 
(ii) Explain why the radio waves passing through the rock have a smaller
wavelength than the radio waves passing through the soil.
(3)
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(Total for Question 4 = 10 marks)


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11
 *P71955A01132* Turn over
7 The circuit diagram shows a motor, power supply, switch and variable resistor
connected in series.

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+ –

(a) The switch is open and the motor is not moving.


State how much energy is in the kinetic energy store of the motor.
(1)

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kinetic energy = ............................. ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J
(b) The switch is closed.
The motor takes 0.42 seconds to reach its maximum speed of rotation.
The mean current in the motor is 3.9 A.
The voltage across the motor is 7.1 V.
Show that the work done on the motor during the 0.42 seconds is about 12 J.
(2)

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work done = ............................. ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J

18
*P71955A01832* 
(c) Complete the Sankey diagram for the electric motor during the 0.42 seconds by
giving the missing information.
(3)
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energy transferred to
motor kinetic energy store
of motor
....... ............. ............ ........... .. ............. ....

from battery ............................ ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J

12 J

....... .......................................................

store
of surroundings
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2J

(d) Use the Sankey diagram to calculate the efficiency of the process of bringing the
motor to its maximum speed of rotation.
(3)

efficiency = ............................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
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(Total for Question 7 = 9 marks)

19
 *P71955A01932* Turn over
12 A device called a metal detector can be used to find metal buried underground.

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transmitter coil

receiver coil
(Source: © mArt88/Shutterstock)

The metal detector has two circuits, each containing a coil of copper wire.
Diagram 1 shows the circuit for the transmitter coil.

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electronics

transmitter
coil

Diagram 1

(a) Suggest why there is a magnetic field around the transmitter coil.
(1)

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(b) The cell supplies direct current (d.c.). The electronics in diagram 1 change the
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direct current into alternating current (a.c.) in the coil.


(i) Describe the difference between direct current (d.c.) and
alternating current (a.c.).
(2)

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. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ ............................................................................................................................ .............. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30
*P71955A03032* 
(ii) Alternating current is supplied to the transmitter coil.
Diagram 2 shows a gold ring in the soil below the metal detector.
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metal detector

air
soil

ring

Diagram 2
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Explain why there is an alternating current in the gold ring.


(3)

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DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

QUESTION 12 CONTINUES ON NEXT PAGE

31
 *P71955A03132* Turn over
(c) Diagram 3 shows the circuit for the receiver coil.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA


receiver coil

loudspeaker

Diagram 3

As a result of the alternating current in the gold ring, there is an


alternating current in the receiving coil.
Explain how an alternating current in the receiving coil causes a sound to be
emitted from the loudspeaker.
(4)

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DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA


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(Total for Question 12 = 10 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS


DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

32
*P71955A03232* 
6 A student investigates how the current in a 60 Ω resistor varies with the voltage
across the resistor.
(a) The student has access to this equipment
• 12 V battery
• ammeter and voltmeter
• 60 Ω resistor
• variable resistor
• switch
• connecting wires
Draw a circuit diagram to show how the student could connect this equipment to
carry out the investigation.
(4)

15
 *P71956A01532* Turn over
(b) Describe a suitable method the student could use for this investigation.
(4)

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(c) (i) Complete the current–voltage graph by drawing a line that shows the
expected results of the investigation.
(3)

0.30

0.20
Current
in A
0.10

0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Voltage in V

16
*P71956A01632* 
(ii) The student repeats their investigation with a 120 Ω resistor.
Explain how a current–voltage graph for a 120 Ω resistor compares with the
current–voltage graph for the 60 Ω resistor.
(3)

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(Total for Question 6 = 14 marks)

17
 *P71956A01732* Turn over
8 Diagram 1 shows a set of masses attached to a spring, which is suspended from
a support.

support

spring

masses

Diagram 1

(a) After the masses are added, the length of the spring is 14.6 cm.
The student measures the extension of the spring as 11.5 cm.
(i) Calculate the original length of the spring.
(1)

original length = .................................. ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . cm

(ii) The student removes the masses and notices that the spring does not show
elastic behaviour.
Predict a value for the new length of the spring after the masses have
been removed.
(1)

new length of spring = .................................. ................ . . . . . . . . . . . . cm

23
 *P71956A02332* Turn over
(b) The student puts the masses back on the spring.
The student then pulls the masses down and releases them.
The masses vibrate up and down in a vertical direction, as shown in diagram 2.

support

spring

vibrations masses

Diagram 2

24
*P71956A02432* 
The distance–time graph shows how the distance between the top of the masses
and the support changes with time as the masses vibrate.

Distance

Time

(i) Explain how the gradient of the graph shows that the masses accelerate as
they vibrate.
(3)

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(ii) Add crosses (X) to the distance–time graph to show all the times when the
masses are not moving.
(2)

(Total for Question 8 = 7 marks)

25
 *P71956A02532* Turn over
9 The driver of a racing car makes a pit stop during a race to change the tyres on the
racing car.
The area where the tyres are changed is called the pit lane.

(Source: © Hafiz Johari/Shutterstock)

(a) Before entering the pit lane, the speed of the car must decrease for safety reasons.

(i) The mass of the racing car is 830 kg.


The maximum braking force is 41 000 N.
Show that the maximum deceleration of the racing car is
approximately 50 m / s2.
(3)

(ii) The racing car is travelling at an initial speed of 72 m / s.


Calculate the minimum distance needed to decrease the speed of the racing
car from 72 m / s to 26 m / s.
(3)

distance = ............................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m

26
*P71956A02632* 
(b) The racing car slows down using its brakes.
The brakes work using friction.
The brakes become very hot when the racing car slows down.
Using ideas about energy, explain why the brakes become hot.
(3)

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(c) The tyres of the racing car also get very hot during a race.
A mechanic has to handle the hot tyres during the pit stop.
They wear protective gloves which have several layers of insulating materials.
Explain how the layers of insulating materials in the gloves reduce the risk of the
mechanic burning their hands on the hot tyres.
(2)

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(Total for Question 9 = 11 marks)

27
 *P71956A02732* Turn over
2 Diagram 1 shows the magnetic field between the poles of two strong bar magnets.

Diagram 1

(a) Add labels to diagram 1 to show the poles of the bar magnets.
(1)
(b) The bar magnets are made from steel.
Give one reason why steel is a good material for making bar magnets.
(1)

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(c) Explain how diagram 1 shows a uniform magnetic field.


(2)

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4
*P71896A0432* 
(d) Diagram 2 shows a metal wire being moved downwards through the uniform
field between the poles of the same bar magnets. The orientation of the magnets
has not been changed.

wire

movement

Diagram 2

(i) Give a reason why a voltage is induced between the ends of the metal wire as
it moves between the poles of the bar magnets.
(1)

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(ii) State two changes that could be made to this arrangement that would
increase the magnitude of the induced voltage.
(2)

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(Total for Question 2 = 7 marks)

5
 *P71896A0532* Turn over
9 This question is about waves.
(a) The diagram represents a wave.

(i) Determine the amplitude of the wave by measuring it with a ruler.


(1)

amplitude = ................................... ................ . . . . . . . . . . . cm


(ii) Determine the wavelength of the wave by measuring it with a ruler.
(1)

wavelength = ................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . cm
(b) Microwaves are part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
(i) Name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that has a lower frequency
than microwaves.
(1)

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(ii) Microwaves travel at a speed of 3.0 × 108 m / s in air.


A microwave has a wavelength of 2.7 cm.
Calculate the frequency of this microwave.
[wave speed = frequency × wavelength]
(3)

frequency = .................................. ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hz

25
 *P71896A02532* Turn over
(c) A student uses a microwave source and a receiver to investigate microwaves.
Photograph 1 shows how the student sets up their apparatus.

microwave
source receiver analogue meter

ruler

Photograph 1

The meter shows the strength of the microwaves detected by the receiver.
The strength of the microwaves is measured in arbitrary units.
The student varies the distance between the microwave source and the receiver,
and records the meter readings.
(i) Photograph 2 shows the analogue meter for one of the readings.

Photograph 2

Give the reading on the analogue meter.


(1)

reading = .............................................................. arbitrary units

26
*P71896A02632* 
(ii) The graph shows the results of the student’s investigation.
100

80

Meter 60
readings
in arbitrary
units 40

20

0
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Distance in cm
The student concludes that the meter reading is inversely proportional to the
distance between the microwave source and the receiver.
To be inversely proportional
meter reading × distance = constant
Comment on the student’s conclusion.
You should use data from the graph in your answer.
(4)

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(Total for Question 9 = 11 marks)

27
 *P71896A02732* Turn over
11 (a) Diagram 1 represents the atoms of a gas inside a container.

Diagram 1

(i) Explain how the atoms exert a pressure on the walls of the container.
(3)

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(ii) Explain why the pressure of the gas in the container decreases as its
temperature decreases.
The volume of the container does not change.
(2)

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30
*P71896A03032* 
(b) Diagram 2 shows a device called a magneto-optical trap (MOT).
Physicists use the device to cool gases to extremely low temperatures.
The MOT uses laser beams and magnetic fields to trap a small collection of atoms
with extremely small kinetic energies.

trapped atoms
laser beams

coils producing
magnetic field

Diagram 2

Each trapped atom has a mass of 5.0 × 10–27 kg and a mean speed of 73 m / s.
Calculate the temperature of the trapped atoms.
[mean kinetic energy of an atom = 2.1 × 10–23 × temperature in kelvin]
(4)

temperature = .............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K

(Total for Question 11 = 9 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS

31
 *P71896A03132*

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