Annexure - I

Pharmacy Council of India

New Delhi

“Syllabus framed under Regulation 7,

List of prescribed equipments and
apparatus under Appendix-A of
The Education Regulations, 2020
For Diploma Course in Pharmacy”
 COMMITTEE MEMBERS
S. No. Name Affiliation Role
1. Dr. B. Suresh President, Ex-Officio
Pharmacy Council of India, New
Delhi
2. Dr. Shailendra Saraf Vice President, Ex-Officio
Pharmacy Council of India, New
Delhi
3. Dr. V. Gopal Member, Pharmacy Council of Convener
India, (Puducherry)
4. Dr. B. Jayakar Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
India, (Tamil Nadu)
5. Sri Kumar Ajay Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
India, (Bihar)
6. Dr. H. Lalhlenmawia Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
India, (Mizoram)
7. Dr. R. Debnath Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
India, (West Bengal)
8. Shri Annada Sankar Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
Das India, (Orissa)
9. Dr. Priyashree Sunita Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
India, (Jharkhand)
10. Dr. Mannava Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
Radhakrishna Murthy India, (Andhra Pradesh)
11. Shri Prakash Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
Jeevandas Wanjari India, (Maharashtra)
12. Shri K.R. Dinesh Member, Pharmacy Council of Member
Kumar India, (Kerala)
13. Mrs. Manjiri Sandeep Principal I/c., Member
Gharat Prin. K.M. Kundnani
Pharmacy Polytechnic,
Ulhasnagar, Maharashtra
14. Shri Raj Vaidya Community Pharmacist, Member
Hindu Pharmacy, Goa
15. Dr. R.N. Gupta Professor, Member
Birla Institute of
Technology, Ranchi,
Jharkhand.
16. Dr. K.P. Arun Associate Professor, Member
JSS College of
Pharmacy, Ooty, Tamil
Nadu
17. Dr. Neeraj Upmanyu Professor & Dean, Specia
School of Pharmacy & Research, l
People's University Invite
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh e
 CONTENTS

S. No. Contents Page No.

1. Preamble 1-2

2. Competencies for the Indian 3-4

D.Pharm Holders
3. Competency Mapping with the 5
Courses (Part I, II & III) of
Education Regulations 2020
4. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus – An 6-8
Overview
5. Guidelines for the conduct of 9
theory
examinations
6. Guidelines for the conduct of 10-11
practical examinations
7. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus – 12-35
Part I

8. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus – 36-64

Part II

9. Appendices 65-77
 1. Preamble
“Revamping the curriculum, pedagogy, assessment, and student support”
is one of the vision statements and recommendations of the National
Education Policy (NEP) of Govt. of India for attaining enhanced learning
experiences by the students. In light of this, Pharmacy Council of India,
the apex body regulating the pharmacy education in the country,
committed to revise the education regulations of Diploma in Pharmacy
(D.Pharm) program and thus, the ‘Education Regulations 2020’ (ER-2020)
has been notified in the Gazette of India in October 2020. This new
regulation has given due consideration for the fact that, universally the
role of pharmacist has undergone continuous evolution from ‘dispenser of
medicines’ to ‘medicine expert’ in the multidisciplinary health care team.

Accordingly, the courses (course means the subject) of the existing

education regulations (ER-91) have been revisited, compared with the
present and future needs of the society, expectations of the healthcare
team and other stakeholders from the pharmacists were assessed,
feedback from the experts in the pharmacy and other healthcare
professions were sought. Thus, the course of study prescribed in ER-2020
is an amalgamation of all such exercises to arrive at a curriculum
structure for D.Pharm that is more relevant to the current practice
standards, dynamic to accommodate and address the upcoming changes.

Though the total number of courses across the program remain 21 as that
of ER-91, the number of theory courses is reduced from 12 to 11 in the
new regulation, while the number of practical courses is increased from 9
to 10. Further, the theory teaching hours across the program have been
reduced from 850 to 825, while the practical hours have been increased
from 750 to 800 in the new regulation. Three practical courses have been
introduced for the first time in ER-2020. Further, about 275 hours have
been assigned for the first time in D.Pharm curriculum for ‘Tutorial’
activities. All such changes explicitly reveal that the ER-2020 is intended
to provide a little edge to the experiential learning through the practical
courses and encourages the small group teaching-learning, self-directed
learning, etc. in the tutorial hours.

Introduction of ‘Pharmacotherapeutics’ courses (theory and practical) is

one of the revolutionary changes in the new curriculum, that will help the
students to hone their knowledge and skills in the area of pharmaceutical
care services which will certainly redefine the roles of the D.Pharm
qualified pharmacists in both community and hospital settings. Also, the
introduction of ‘Social Pharmacy’ courses (theory and practical) will
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provide insights about the primary and preventive healthcare concepts in
the country and the potential roles of pharmacists in such healthcare
segments.

In this backdrop, the Council has formulated a Committee which

comprised of 16 Members who have rich experiences in various domains
such as education, hospital

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pharmacy practice, community pharmacy practice, clinical pharmacy
practice, administrative and regulatory affairs to design the syllabus for
the individual theory and practical courses as per the curriculum
framework defined in ER-2020. The Committee with its clear
understanding about the philosophy and objectives of the ER-2020,
drafted the syllabus for individual theory and practical courses with
utmost care to avoid repetitions, redundancy, over/under utilization of
hours, etc. Every course is defined with scope, set of course objectives
and course outcomes which will help to understand the significance and
the expectations of the course from both teachers and students. Lots of
scope has been given in the syllabus for the active learning by the
students through the assignment topics and field visit activities which will
enhance their critical thinking, searching scientific literatures,
interpretational skills and communication skills.

According to the ER-2020 curriculum framework, the students do not earn

any credits based on the academic hours they spend. However, as per
the conventional methodology of credit calculations, the curriculum of ER-
2020 shall be deemed equivalent to 80 credits that shall be used for the
administrative purposes, wherever necessary.

Further, the ‘Competencies for the Indian D.Pharm Holders’ based on the
knowledge, skill, attitude and value that are essential for the successful
practice of the profession have been derived. These competencies have
also been mapped with the individual courses of the curriculum based on
the expected outcomes of the individual course. Thus, the courses and the
competencies are interlaced in such a way that multiple courses
contribute to build one competency and one course contributes to build
more than one competency, which reveal the strength of the competency
mapping.

The Council strongly believes that the ER-2020 regulations, curriculum

and syllabus will uplift the knowledge and skills of the students on par
with the contemporary and future professional demands and enable them
to be a successful practitioner in the chosen field of pharmacy.

By considering the substantial changes and inclusion of advanced and

current subject matters in the new syllabus, the Council shall conduct
series of meetings, seminars, conferences, workshops, and webinars for
the faculty members handling D.Pharm courses and equip them to deliver
such new courses / topics more effectively and efficiently.

The Council appreciate all the efforts of the Members for successfully
bringing out the Education Regulations 2020, curriculum and syllabus.
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Also, profound gratitude to all the stakeholders who contributed directly or
indirectly in completing this task.

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 2. Competencies for the Indian D.Pharm Holders
Competency is defined as “A distinct composite of knowledge, skill,
attitude and value that is essential to the practice of the profession in real
life contexts”.

The candidates who successfully complete the Diploma in Pharmacy

(D.Pharm) program of Education Regulations 2020 (ER-2020), from the
institutions approved by the Pharmacy Council of India are expected to
attain the following professional competencies.

1. Review Prescriptions
2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription Medicines
3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education
4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy Management
5. Expertise on Medications
6. Proficiency on drugs / pharmaceuticals
7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership
8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare
9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice
10. Continuing Professional Development

1. Review Prescriptions: The student should receive and handle

prescriptions in a professional manner and be able to check for their
completeness and correctness. Also, the prescribers should be contacted
for any clarifications and corrections in the prescriptions with suggestions
if any.

2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription Medicines: The student should be

able to dispense the various scheduled drugs / medicines as per the
implications of the Drug & Cosmetics Act and Rules thereunder. Also, the
non-prescription medicines (over-the-counter drugs) should be dispensed
judicially to the patients as required.

3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education: The student should be able to

effectively counsel / educate the patients / caretakers about the
prescription / non- prescription medicines and other health related issues.
Effective communication includes using both oral and written
communication skills and various communication techniques.

4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy Management: The student should be

able to manage the drug distribution system as per the policies and
guidelines of the hospital pharmacy, good community pharmacy practice
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and the recommendations of regulatory agencies. Also, be able to manage
the procurement, inventory, and distribution of medicines in hospital /
community pharmacy settings.

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5. Expertise on Medications: The student should be able to provide an
expert opinion on medications to health care professionals on safe and
effective medication-use, relevant policies and procedures based on
available evidences.

6. Proficiency on Pharmaceutical Formulations: The student should be able

to describe the chemistry, characteristics, types, merits and demerits of
both drugs and excipients used in pharmaceutical formulations based on
her/his knowledge and scientific resources.

7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership: The student should be able to acquire

the entrepreneurial skills in the dynamic professional environments. Also,
be able to achieve leadership skills through teamwork and sound decision-
making skills.

8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare: The student should be able to

contribute to various healthcare programs of the nation including disease
prevention initiatives to improve public health. Also contribute to the
promotion of national health policies.

9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice: The student should be able to

deliver professional services in accordance with legal, ethical, and
professional guidelines with integrity.

10. Continuing Professional Development: The student should be able to

recognize the gaps in the knowledge and skills in the effective delivery of
professional services from time to time and be self-motivated to bridge
such gaps by attending continuing professional development programs.

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 3. Competency Mapping with the Courses (Part I, II & III) of
Education Regulations 2020

Biochemistry & Clinical

Human Anatomy &

Hospital & Clinical

Pharmacy Law &

Pharmacotherapeutics
Pharmaceutical

Practical Training
Physiology

Management
Social Pharmacy
Chemistry

Pathology

Pharmacy
Pharmacognosy

Pharmacy &
Pharmaceutics

Pharmacology

Ethics
Competencies

Community
1. Review the Prescriptions √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Medicines
3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy √ √ √ √ √
Management
5. Expertise on Medications √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
6. Proficiency on Pharmaceutical Formulations √ √ √ √ √ √
7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership √ √ √
8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice √ √ √ √ √ √
10. Continuing Professional Development √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

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 4. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus – An Overview

The ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus has the following structure in every

course. Though the theory and practical courses are not mutually
exclusive, as per the Regulations, the theory and practical are to be
considered as individual courses.

Scope: These are broader statements on the purpose of the course in the
curriculum, key contents of the course that will contribute to the specific
knowledge and or skill developments. The teacher is expected to orient
the students about the scope of the particular course at the beginning and
intermittently.

Course Objectives: The course objectives describe the key topics that are
intended by the teacher to be covered in the course. In general, these are
more specific than the scope and broader than the course outcomes. The
teacher is expected to discuss the objectives of the course with the
students and break-down the course objectives into micro levels as
objectives of a specific topic / objectives of a specific lecture, etc. Such an
exercise shall make the students to understand the significance of the
course / topic / lecture and enhance their attention on the course / topic /
lecture.

Course Outcomes: The course outcomes are more specific than the course
objectives describe that describe the abilities of the students to
perform/act, upon successful completion of the course. Hence,
conventionally the course outcomes are described with verbs that are
measurable or observable actions. The teacher is expected to describe the
desired outcomes of the particular course, so that the students shall
understand the various assessment criteria, modalities, and parameters.
This also serves as a broader guideline for the teachers for preparing the
assessment plan. A well-structured assessment plan associated with the
course outcomes shall enable to mapping with the professional
competencies and their attainment levels that are attributed to the
program outcomes.

Theory Courses: The theory courses basically provide concepts and explain
the relationships between the concepts. Understanding of the theoretical
courses enable the students to identify the problems in real life situation
and make a plan for addressing such problems. Also, the theory course
helps to understand what is not known and thus is the tool for
accumulation of knowledge. The syllabus of the theory courses has been
systematically and logically described as different chapters and the
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minimum number of hours to be spent on teaching are mentioned chapter
wise and course wise. The teachers shall further distribute the total hours
of any given chapter among the sub-topics as required by the subject
matter.

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Practical Courses: The practical courses are designed for applying the
theoretical knowledge in the given experimental / simulated conditions.
The practical courses deepen the understanding of theories, develop the
skills, hone professional competencies, provide opportunities to observe,
think and analyse problem solving methods. Further, they help to gain
experience with the real things in practice. The teachers shall train the
students in actual / simulated practical conditions.

Tutorials: The purpose of the tutorial hour is typically to engage the

students in smaller groups in order to pay a closer attention on their
learning process. This is an opportunity for the students to complete their
assignments, develop specific skills, discuss any problems in the study
topics in a less formal way. During the tutorial hour, the students shall
exchange their ideas within the small group, and learn to accept
constructive criticism and listen to others. Also, the tutorial hour enables
the teachers to closely monitor the progress of the individual student and
provide additional academic support to individuals, if necessary.

Assignments: The purpose the assignments are to encourage the students

for self- directed learning. Further, the assignments will provoke critical
thinking, enhance the skills such as literature search, data mining, data
interpretation, report formatting, time-management, and written
communication. This is also a mode of self- assessment for the student
about the level of understanding of the concepts of a particular course.
The teachers shall apply their knowledge and wisdom in choosing the
assignment topics at a micro level in alignment with the topics given in
the syllabus. The assignments shall be evaluated against a set of criteria.
A typical format for the assessment of an assignment is given in Appendix
-1.

Field Visits: The purpose of field visits is to provide a real-world experience

to the students. The field visits will help them to realize that what they
learn within the walls of the classroom / laboratory can help them solve
the problems they see in the world around them. Also, this is helpful to the
teachers to widen their horizons of knowledge and broadening the scope
of the syllabus. Every student shall submit a report describing their
objectives, experience, learning points, etc. pertaining to the field trip, in
the typical format given in Appendix-2.

Recommended Books: For each course, a list of recommended books is

given in the syllabus. The list shall be considered as an important and
common resource for the teaching-learning process, but not the complete
list. It is always encouraged to use the latest edition of the books
specified. Further, the teachers and students are encouraged to explore
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more primary, secondary, and tertiary resources as required.

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Practical Training: The goal of the practical training for the students is to
provide a real-time, supervised experience on the professional tasks
emphasised in their course of study. Further, it helps them to apply their
acquired knowledge and skills in the professional working environment.
The practical training intensively prepares the students with adequate
competencies and qualifications required for the career opportunity in the
future.

Thus, the ER 2020 D.Pharm syllabus is designed to nurture the students in

all the three domains of Bloom’s Taxonomy viz. cognitive (knowledge),
affective (attitude) and psychomotor (skills). Further, it also provides
ample of scope to the students for different learning styles viz. visual,
auditory and kinaesthetic, i.e., ‘see, hear and do’.

The summary of the curriculum, courses and other activities and their
metrics across the ER-2020 D.Pharm program (Part I, II & III) are given
here.

Criteria Metrics
Number of subject areas (considering both theory & practical 11
together)
Number of theory courses 11
Number of practical courses 10
Number of theory hours 825
Number of practical hours 600
Number of practical training hours 500
Number of tutorial hours 275
Number of course outcomes for theory courses 45
Number of course outcomes for practical courses 40
Number of courses which have given assignments 9
Number of assignment topics given 75
Number of assignments reports each student shall submit 27
Number of courses which have field visit 5
Number of field visit reports each student shall submit 9
Number of professional competencies 10

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5. Guidelines for the conduct of theory examinations

Sessional Examinations

There shall be two or more periodic sessional (internal assessment)

examinations during each academic year. The duration of the sessional
exam shall be 90 minutes. The highest aggregate of any two
performances shall form the basis of calculating the sessional marks. The
scheme of the question paper for theory sessional examinations shall be
as given below.
I. Long Answers (Answer 3 out of 4) 3 x 5 = 15
II. Short Answers (Answer 5 out of 6) 5 x 3 = 15
III. Objective type Answers (Answer all 10 out of 10) 10 x 1
=10 (Multiple Choice Questions / Fill-in the Blanks /
One word OR one Sentence questions)

Total = 40 marks

Internal assessment: The marks secured by the students out of the total 40
shall be reduced to 20 in each sessional, and then the internal assessment
shall be calculated based on the best two averages for 20 marks.

Final Board / University Examinations

The scheme of the question paper for the theory examinations conducted
by the examining authority (Board / University) shall be as given below.
The duration of the final examination shall be 3 hours.
I. Long Answers (Answer 6 out of 7) = 6 x 5 = 30
II. Short Answers (Answer 10 out of 11) = 10 x 3 = 30
III. Objective type Answers (Answer all 20) = 20 x 1 = 20
(Multiple Choice Questions / Fill-in the Blanks /
One word OR one Sentence questions)

Total = 80 marks

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6. Guidelines for the conduct of practical examinations

Sessional Examinations

There shall be two or more periodic sessional (internal assessment)

practical examinations during each academic year. The duration of the
sessional exam shall be three hours. The highest aggregate of any two
performances shall form the basis of calculating the sessional marks. The
scheme of the question paper for practical sessional examinations shall be
as given below.
I. Synopsis = 10
II. Experiments = 50*
III. Viva voce = 10
IV. Practical Record Maintenance = 10

Total = 80 marks

* The marks for the experiments shall be divided into various categories,
viz. major experiment, minor experiment, spotters, etc. as per the
requirement of the course.

Internal assessment: The marks secured by the students out of the total of
80 shall be reduced to 10 in each sessional, and then the internal
assessment shall be calculated based on the best two averages for 10
marks from the sessional and other 10 marks shall be awarded as per the
details given below.

Actual performance in the sessional examination = 10

marks Assignment marks (Average of three) = 5
marks* Field Visit Report marks (Average for the reports)
= 5 marks$

Total = 20 marks

*, $
Only for the courses given with both assignments and field visit/s

Note:
1. For the courses having either assignments or field visit/s, the
assessments of assignments or field visit/s shall be done directly for
10 marks and added to the sessional marks.
2. For the courses not having both assignment and field visit, the
whole 20 marks shall be calculated from the sessional marks.

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 Final Board / University Examinations
The scheme of the question paper for the practical examinations conducted
by the examining authority (Board / University) shall be as given below.
The duration of the final examination shall be 3 hours.
Synopsis = 10
II. Experiments = 60*
III. Viva voce = 10

Total = 80 marks
------------------
* The marks for the experiments shall be divided into various categories,
viz. major experiment, minor experiment, spotters, etc. as per the
requirement of the course.

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 7. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus – Part I

S. Course Name of the Total Total Theory / Tutorial

No. Code Course Theory / Tutorial Practical Hours
Practical Hours Hours per
Hours per Week
Week
1. ER20-11T Pharmaceutics – 75 25 3 1
Theory
2. ER20-11P Pharmaceutics – 75 - 3 -
Practical
3. ER20-12T Pharmaceutical 75 25 3 1
Chemistry – Theory
4. ER20-12P Pharmaceutical 75 - 3 -
Chemistry –
Practical
5. ER20-13T Pharmacognosy – 75 25 3 1
Theory
6. ER20-13P Pharmacognosy – 75 - 3 -
Practical
7. ER20-14T Human Anatomy & 75 25 3 1
Physiology –
Theory
8. ER20-14P Human Anatomy & 75 - 3 -
Physiology –
Practical
9. ER20-15T Social Pharmacy – 75 25 3 1
Theory
10. ER20-15P Social Pharmacy – 75 - 3 -
Practical

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 PHARMACEUTICS – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-11T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge and skills on the art
and science of formulating and dispensing different pharmaceutical dosage
forms.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following aspects of

pharmaceutical dosage forms
1. Basic concepts, types and need
2. Advantages and disadvantages, methods of preparation / formulation
3. Packaging and labelling requirements
4. Basic quality control tests, concepts of quality assurance and
good manufacturing practices

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe about the different dosage forms and their formulation aspects
2. Explain the advantages, disadvantages, and quality control tests of
different dosage forms
3. Discuss the importance of quality assurance and good
manufacturing practices

Chapter Topics Hours

1  History of the profession of Pharmacy in India in 7
relation to Pharmacy education, industry,
pharmacy practice, and various professional
associations.
 Pharmacy as a career
 Pharmacopoeia: Introduction to IP, BP, USP, NF
and Extra Pharmacopoeia. Salient features of
Indian Pharmacopoeia
2 Packaging materials: Types, selection 5
criteria, advantages and
disadvantages of glass, plastic, metal,
rubber as packaging materials
3 Pharmaceutical aids: Organoleptic (Colouring, 3
flavouring, and sweetening) agents
Preservatives: Definition, types with examples and
uses
4 Unit operations: Definition, 9
objectives/applications,
principles, construction, and workings of:
Size reduction: hammer mill and ball mill
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 Mixing: Double cone blender, Turbine mixer, Triple
roller
mill and Silverson mixer homogenizer
Filtration: Theory of filtration, membrane filter and
sintered
glass filter
Drying: working of fluidized bed dryer and
process of
freeze drying
Extraction: Definition, Classification, method, and
applications
5 Tablets – coated and uncoated, various modified 8
tablets
(sustained release, extended-release, fast
dissolving, multi- layered, etc.)
Capsules - hard and soft gelatine capsules 4
Liquid oral preparations - solution, syrup, elixir, 6
emulsion,
suspension, dry powder for reconstitution
Topical preparations - ointments, creams, pastes, 8
gels,
liniments and lotions, suppositories, and pessaries
Nasal preparations, Ear preparations 2
Powders and granules - Insufflations, dusting 3
powders,
effervescent powders, and effervescent granules
Sterile formulations – Injectables, eye drops and 6
eye
ointments
Immunological products: Sera, vaccines, toxoids, 4
and
their manufacturing methods.
6 Basic structure, layout, sections, and activities of 5
pharmaceutical manufacturing plants
Quality control and quality assurance: Definition and
concepts of quality control and quality assurance,
current good manufacturing practice (cGMP),
Introduction to the
concept of calibration and validation
7 Novel drug delivery systems: Introduction, 5
Classification
with examples, advantages, and challenges

PHARMACEUTICS – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-11P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

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Scope: This course is designed to train the students in formulating and
dispensing common pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss and train the following aspects
of preparing and dispensing various pharmaceutical dosage forms
1. Calculation of working formula from the official master formula

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 2. Formulation of dosage forms based on working formula
3. Appropriate Packaging and labelling requirements
4. Methods of basic quality control tests

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Calculate the working formula from the given master formula
2. Formulate the dosage form and dispense in an appropriate container
3. Design the label with the necessary product and patient information
4. Perform the basic quality control tests for the common dosage forms

Practicals

1. Handling and referring the official references: Pharmacopoeias,

Formularies, etc. for retrieving formulas, procedures, etc.

2. Formulation of the following dosage forms as per monograph

standards and dispensing with appropriate packaging and labelling
 Liquid Oral: Simple syrup, Piperazine citrate elixir, Aqueous Iodine
solution
 Emulsion: Castor oil emulsion, Cod liver oil emulsion
 Suspension: Calamine lotion, Magnesium hydroxide mixture
 Ointment: Simple ointment base, Sulphur ointment
 Cream: Cetrimide cream
 Gel: Sodium alginate gel
 Liniment: Turpentine liniment, White liniment BPC
 Dry powder: Effervescent powder granules, Dusting powder
 Sterile Injection: Normal Saline, Calcium gluconate Injection
 Hard Gelatine Capsule: Tetracycline capsules
 Tablet: Paracetamol tablets
3. Formulation of at least five commonly used cosmetic preparations
– e.g. cold cream, shampoo, lotion, toothpaste etc

4. Demonstration on various stages of tablet manufacturing processes

5. Appropriate methods of usage and storage of all dosage forms including

special dosage such as different types of inhalers, spacers, insulin pens
6. Demonstration of quality control tests and evaluation of common
dosage forms viz. tablets, capsules, emulsion, sterile injections as per
the monographs

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 Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following

topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum
of THREE assignments per student)
1. Various systems of measures commonly used in prescribing,
compounding and dispensing practices
2. Market preparations (including Fixed Dose Combinations) of each
type of dosage forms, their generic name, minimum three brand
names and label contents of the dosage forms mentioned in
theory/practical
3. Overview of various machines / equipments / instruments involved
in the formulation and quality control of various dosage forms /
pharmaceutical formulations.
4. Overview of extemporaneous preparations at community / hospital
pharmacy vs. manufacturing of dosage forms at industrial level
5. Basic pharmaceutical calculations: ratios, conversion to percentage
fraction, alligation, proof spirit, isotonicity

Field Visit

The students shall be taken for an industrial visit to pharmaceutical

industries to witness and understand the various processes of
manufacturing of any of the common dosage forms viz. tablets, capsules,
liquid orals, injectables, etc. Individual reports from each student on their
learning experience from the field visit shall be submitted.

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 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-12T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on the chemical

structure, storage conditions and medicinal uses of organic and inorganic
chemical substances used as drugs and pharmaceuticals. Also, this course
discusses the impurities, quality control aspects of chemical substances
used in pharmaceuticals.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following aspects of the
chemical substances used as drugs and pharmaceuticals for various disease
conditions
1. Chemical classification, chemical name, chemical structure
2. Pharmacological uses, doses, stability and storage conditions
3. Different types of formulations / dosage form available and their brand
names
4. Impurity testing and basic quality control tests

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the chemical class, structure and chemical name of the
commonly used drugs and pharmaceuticals of both organic and
inorganic nature
2. Discuss the pharmacological uses, dosage regimen, stability
issues and storage conditions of all such chemical substances
commonly used as drugs
3. Describe the quantitative and qualitative analysis, impurity
testing of the chemical substances given in the official monographs
4. Identify the dosage form & the brand names of the drugs and
pharmaceuticals popular in the marketplace

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Introduction to Pharmaceutical chemistry: Scope and 8
objectives
Sources and types of errors: Accuracy, precision,
significant figures
Impurities in Pharmaceuticals: Source and effect of
impurities in Pharmacopoeial substances,
importance of limit test, Principle and
procedures of Limit tests for
chlorides, sulphates, iron, heavy metals and arsenic.

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 2 Volumetric analysis: Fundamentals of volumetric 8
analysis, Acid-base titration, non-aqueous titration,
precipitation titration, complexometric titration,
redox titration
Gravimetric analysis: Principle and method.

3 Inorganic Pharmaceuticals: 7
Pharmaceutical formulations,
market preparations, storage conditions and uses
of
● Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous
fumarate, Ferric ammonium citrate, Ferrous
ascorbate, Carbonyl iron
● Gastro-intestinal Agents: Antacids :Aluminium
hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide,
Magaldrate, Sodium bicarbonate, Calcium
Carbonate, Acidifying agents, Adsorbents,
Protectives, Cathartics
● Topical agents: Silver Nitrate, Ionic Silver,
Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Hydrogen peroxide,
Boric acid, Bleaching powder, Potassium
permanganate
● Dental products: Calcium carbonate, Sodium
fluoride, Denture cleaners, Denture adhesives,
Mouth washes
● Medicinal gases: Carbon dioxide, nitrous
oxide,
oxygen
4 Introduction to nomenclature of organic chemical 2
systems with particular reference to
heterocyclic compounds
containing up to Three rings
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to
classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked
with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations
and their popular brand names

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5 Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System 9
 Anaesthetics: Thiopental Sodium*, Ketamine
Hydrochloride*, Propofol
● Sedatives and Hypnotics: Diazepam*,
Alprazolam*, Nitrazepam, Phenobarbital*
● Antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride*,
Haloperidol*, Risperidone*, Sulpiride*,
Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Lurasidone
● Anticonvulsants: Phenytoin*, Carbamazepine*,
Clonazepam, Valproic Acid*, Gabapentin*,
Topiramate, Vigabatrin, Lamotrigine
● Anti-Depressants: Amitriptyline Hydrochloride*,
Imipramine Hydrochloride*, Fluoxetine*,
Venlafaxine, Duloxetine, Sertraline,
Citalopram, Escitalopram,
Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine
6 Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous System 9
● Sympathomimetic Agents: Direct Acting:
Nor- Epinephrine*,
Epinephrine,
Phenylephrine,

Dopamine*, Terbutaline, Salbutamol (Albuterol),

Naphazoline*, Tetrahydrozoline. Indirect Acting
Agents: Hydroxy Amphetamine,
Pseudoephedrine. Agents With Mixed
Mechanism: Ephedrine, Metaraminol
● Adrenergic Antagonists: Alpha Adrenergic
Blockers: Tolazoline, Phentolamine
● Phenoxybenzamine, Prazosin. Beta Adrenergic
Blockers: Propranolol*, Atenolol*, Carvedilol
● Cholinergic Drugs and Related Agents: Direct
Acting Agents: Acetylcholine*, Carbachol, And
Pilocarpine. Cholinesterase Inhibitors:
Neostigmine*, Edrophonium Chloride, Tacrine
Hydrochloride, Pralidoxime Chloride,
Echothiopate Iodide
● Cholinergic Blocking Agents: Atropine Sulphate*,
Ipratropium Bromide
Synthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents:
Tropicamide, Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride,
Clidinium
Bromide, Dicyclomine Hydrochloride*

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7 Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System 5
● Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs: Quinidine Sulphate,
Procainamide Hydrochloride, Verapamil,
Phenytoin Sodium*, Lidocaine Hydrochloride,
Lorcainide Hydrochloride, Amiodarone and
Sotalol
● Anti-Hypertensive Agents: Propranolol*,
Captopril*, Ramipril, Methyldopate
Hydrochloride, Clonidine Hydrochloride,
Hydralazine Hydrochloride, Nifedipine,
● Antianginal Agents: Isosorbide Dinitrate
8 Diuretics: Acetazolamide, Frusemide*, 2
Bumetanide, Chlorthalidone,
Benzthiazide, Metolazone, Xipamide,
Spironolactone
9 Hypoglycemic Agents: Insulin and Its 3
Preparations, Metformin*, Glibenclamide*,
Glimepiride, Pioglitazone,
Repaglinide, Gliflozins, Gliptins
10 Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Morphine 3
Analogues, Narcotic Antagonists; Nonsteroidal Anti-
Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs) - Aspirin*, Diclofenac,
Ibuprofen*, Piroxicam, Celecoxib, Mefenamic
Acid,
Paracetamol*, Aceclofenac
11 Anti-Infective Agents 8
● Antifungal Agents: Amphotericin-B, Griseofulvin,
Miconazole, Ketoconazole*,
Itraconazole, Fluconazole*,
Naftifine Hydrochloride

● Urinary Tract Anti-Infective Agents: Norfloxacin,

Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin*, Moxifloxacin,
● Anti-Tubercular Agents: INH*, Ethambutol, Para
Amino Salicylic Acid, Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin,
Bedaquiline, Delamanid, Pretomanid*
● Antiviral Agents: Amantadine Hydrochloride,
Idoxuridine, Acyclovir*, Foscarnet, Zidovudine,
Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Favipiravir
● Antimalarials: Quinine Sulphate, Chloroquine
Phosphate*, Primaquine Phosphate, Mefloquine*,
Cycloguanil, Pyrimethamine, Artemisinin
● Sulfonamides: Sulfanilamide, Sulfadiazine,
Sulfametho
xazole, Sulfacetamide*, Mafenide Acetate,
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 Cotrimoxazole, Dapsone*
12 Antibiotics: Penicillin G, Amoxicillin*, Cloxacillin, 8
Streptomycin, Tetracyclines: Doxycycline,
Minocycline, Macrolides: Erythromycin,
Azithromycin, Miscellaneous:
Chloramphenicol* Clindamycin
13 Anti-Neoplastic Agents: Cyclophosphamide*, 3
Busulfan, Mercaptopurine,
Fluorouracil*,
Methotrexate, Dactinomycin,
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Vinblastine
Sulphate, Cisplatin*, Dromostanolone Propionate

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-12P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic training and hands-on

experiences to synthesis chemical substances used as drugs and
pharmaceuticals. Also, to perform the quality control tests, impurity
testing, test for purity and systematic qualitative analysis of chemical
substances used as drugs and pharmaceuticals.

Course Objectives: This course will provide the hands-on experience on

the following aspects of chemical substances used as drugs and
pharmaceuticals
1. Limit tests and assays of selected chemical substances as per the
monograph
2. Volumetric analysis of the chemical substances
3. Basics of preparatory chemistry and their analysis
4. Systematic qualitative analysis for the identification of the chemical
drugs

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Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students
will be able to
1. Perform the limit tests for various inorganic elements and report
2. Prepare standard solutions using the principles of volumetric analysis
3. Test the purity of the selected inorganic and organic compounds
against the monograph standards
4. Synthesize the selected chemical substances as per the standard
synthetic scheme
5. Perform qualitative tests to systematically identify the unknown
chemical substances

Practicals

S. No. Experiment
1 Limit test for
● Chlorides; sulphate; Iron; heavy metals
2 Identification tests for Anions and Cations as per Indian
Pharmacopoeia
3 Fundamentals of Volumetric analysis
Preparation of standard solution and standardizationof
Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Permanganate
4 Assay of the following compounds
● Ferrous sulphate- by redox titration
● Calcium gluconate-by complexometric
● Sodium chloride-by Modified Volhard's method
● Ascorbic acid by iodometry
● Ibuprofen by alkalimetry
5 Fundamentals of preparative organic chemistry
Determination of Melting point and boiling point of organic
compounds
6 Preparation of organic compounds
 Benzoic acid from Benzamide
 Picric acid from Phenol
7 Identification and test for purity of pharmaceuticals
Aspirin, Caffeine, Paracetamol, Sulfanilamide
8 Systematic Qualitative analysis experiments (4 substances)

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Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit the written assignments on the

following topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a
minimum of THREE assignments per student)
1. Different monographs and formularies available and their major
contents
2. Significance of quality control and quality assurance in
pharmaceutical industries
3. Overview on Green Chemistry
4. Various software programs available for computer aided drug discovery
5. Various instrumentations used for characterization and quantification of
drug

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 PHARMACOGNOSY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-13T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart knowledge on the medicinal uses of

various drugs of natural origin. Also, the course emphasizes the
fundamental concepts in the evaluation of crude drugs, alternative
systems of medicine, nutraceuticals, and herbal cosmetics.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following aspects of drug
substances derived from natural resources.
1. Occurrence, distribution, isolation, identification tests of
common phytoconstituents
2. Therapeutic activity and pharmaceutical applications of various
natural drug substances and phytoconstituents
3. Biological source, chemical constituents of selected crude drugs
and their therapeutic efficacy in common diseases and ailments
4. Basic concepts in quality control of crude drugs and various
system of medicines
5. Applications of herbs in health foods and cosmetics

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Identify the important/common crude drugs of natural origin
2. Describe the uses of herbs in nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals
3. Discuss the principles of alternative system of medicines
4. Describe the importance of quality control of drugs of natural origin

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Definition, history, present status and scope of 2
Pharmacognosy
2 Classification of drugs: 4
● Alphabetical
● Taxonomical
● Morphological
● Pharmacological
● Chemical
● Chemo-taxonomical
3 Quality control of crude drugs: 6
● Different methods of adulteration of crude drugs
● Evaluation of crude drugs
4 Brief outline of occurrence, distribution, isolation, 6
identification tests, therapeutic activity and
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 pharmaceutical applications of alkaloids, terpenoids,
glycosides, volatile oils,
tannins and resins.
5 Biological source, chemical constituents and therapeutic 30
efficacy of the following categories of crude drugs.
Laxatives Aloe, Castor oil, Ispaghula, Senna
Cardiotonic Digitalis, Arjuna
Carminatives and Coriander, Fennel, Cardamom,
G.I. regulators Ginger, Clove, Black Pepper,
Asafoetida, Nutmeg, Cinnamon
Astringents Myrobalan, Black Catechu, Pale
Catechu
Drugs acting Hyoscyamus, Belladonna,
on nervous Ephedra, Opium, Tea leaves,
system Coffee seeds, Coca
Anti-hypertensive Rauwolfia
Anti-tussive Vasaka, Tolu Balsam
Anti-rheumatics Colchicum seed
Anti-tumour Vinca, Podophyllum
Antidiabetics Pterocarpus, Gymnema
Diuretics Gokhru, Punarnava
Anti-dysenteric Ipecacuanha
Antiseptics and Benzoin, Myrrh, Neem, Turmeric
disinfectants
Antimalarials Cinchona, Artemisia
Oxytocic Ergot
Vitamins Cod liver oil, Shark liver oil
Enzymes Papaya, Diastase, Pancreatin,
Yeast
Pharmaceutic Kaolin, Lanolin, Beeswax, Acacia,
al Aids Tragacanth, Sodium alginate,
Agar, Guar gum, Gelatine
Miscellaneous Squill, Galls, Ashwagandha, Tulsi,
Guggul
6 Plant fibres used as surgical dressings: Cotton, silk, wool 3
and regenerated fibres
Sutures – Surgical Catgut and Ligatures
7 ● Basic principles involved in the traditional systems of 8
medicine like: Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and
Homeopathy

● Method of preparation of Ayurvedic formulations like:

Arista, Asava, Gutika, Taila, Churna, Lehya and Bhasma

8 Role of medicinal and aromatic plants in national 2

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 economy
and their export potential
9 Herbs as health food: 4
Brief introduction and therapeutic applications of:
Nutraceuticals, Antioxidants, Pro-biotics, Pre-biotics,
Dietary fibres, Omega-3-fatty acids, Spirulina,
Carotenoids, Soya
and Garlic
10 Introduction to herbal formulations 4
11 Herbal cosmetics: 4
Sources, chemical constituents, commercial
preparations, therapeutic and cosmetic uses of: Aloe
vera gel, Almond oil, Lavender oil, Olive oil, Rosemary
oil, Sandal Wood oil
12 Phytochemical investigation of drugs 2

PHARMACOGNOSY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-13P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to train the students in physical

identification, morphological characterization, physical and chemical
characterization, and evaluation of commonly used herbal drugs.

Course Objectives: This course will provide hands-on experiences to the

students in
1. Identification of the crude drugs based on their morphological
characteristics
2. Various characteristic anatomical characteristics of the herbal
drugs studied through transverse section
3. Physical and chemical tests to evaluate the crude drugs

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Identify the given crude drugs based on the morphological
characteristics
2. Take a transverse section of the given crude drugs
3. Describe the anatomical characteristics of the given crude drug
under microscopical conditions
4. Carry out the physical and chemical tests to evaluate the given crude
drugs

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Practicals

1. Morphological Identification of the following drugs:

Ispaghula, Senna, Coriander, Fennel, Cardamom, Ginger, Nutmeg, Black
Pepper, Cinnamon, Clove, Ephedra, Rauwolfia, Gokhru, Punarnava,
Cinchona, Agar.

2. Gross anatomical studies (Transverse Section) of the following drugs:

Ajwain, Datura, Cinnamon, Cinchona, Coriander, Ashwagandha,
Liquorice, Clove, Curcuma, Nux vomica, Vasaka

3. Physical and chemical tests for evaluation of any FIVE of the following
drugs:
Asafoetida, Benzoin, Pale catechu, Black catechu, Castor oil, Acacia,
Tragacanth, Agar, Guar gum, Gelatine.

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit the written assignments on the

following topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a
minimum of THREE assignments per student)
1. Market preparations of various dosage forms of Ayurvedic, Unani,
Siddha, Homeopathic (Classical and Proprietary), indications, and
their labelling requirements
2. Market preparations of various herbal formulations and herbal
cosmetics, indications, and their labelling requirements
3. Herb-Drug interactions documented in the literature and their
clinical significances

Field Visit

The students shall be taken in groups to a medicinal garden to witness

and understand the nature of various medicinal plants discussed in theory
and practical courses. Additionally, they shall be taken in groups to the
pharmacies of traditional systems of medicines to understand the
availability of various dosage forms and their labelling requirements.
Individual reports from each student on their learning experience from the
field visit shall be submitted.

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 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-14T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on the structure

and functions of the human body. It helps in understanding both
homeostasis mechanisms and homeostatic imbalances of various systems
of the human body.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following:

1. Structure and functions of the various organ systems and
organs of the human body
2. Homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances in the human body
3. Various vital physiological parameters of the human body and
their significances

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the various organ systems of the human body
2. Discuss the anatomical features of the important human organs and
tissues
3. Explain the homeostatic mechanisms regulating the normal
physiology in the human system
4. Discuss the significance of various vital physiological
parameters of the human body

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Scope of Anatomy and Physiology 2
Definition of various terminologies
2 Structure of Cell: Components and its functions 2
3 Tissues of the human body: Epithelial, 4
Connective, Muscular and Nervous
tissues – their sub-types and
characteristics.
4 Osseous system: structure and functions of bones of 3
axial and appendicular skeleton
Classification, types and movements of joints, 3
disorders
of joints
5 Haemopoietic system 8
● Composition and functions of blood
● Process of Hemopoiesis
● Characteristics and functions of RBCs, WBCs,
and platelets
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● Mechanism of Blood Clotting e
6 Lymphatic system 3
● Lymph and lymphatic system, composition,
function and its formation.
● Structure and functions of spleen and lymph node.
7 Cardiovascular system 8
● Anatomy and Physiology of heart
● Blood vessels and circulation (Pulmonary,
coronary and systemic circulation)
● Cardiac cycle and Heart sounds, Basics of ECG
● Blood pressure and its regulation
8 Respiratory system 4
● Anatomy of respiratory organs and their functions.
● Regulation, and Mechanism of respiration.
● Respiratory volumes and capacities – definitions
9 Digestive system 8
● Anatomy and Physiology of the GIT
● Anatomy and functions of accessory glands
● Physiology of digestion and absorption
10 Skeletal muscles 2
● Histology
● Physiology of muscle contraction
● Disorder of skeletal muscles
11 Nervous system 8
● Classification of nervous system
● Anatomy and physiology of cerebrum,
cerebellum, mid brain
● Function of hypothalamus, medulla oblongata
and basal ganglia
● Spinal cord-structure and reflexes
● Names and functions of cranial nerves.
● Anatomy and physiology of sympathetic
and parasympathetic nervous system
(ANS)
12 Sense organs - Anatomy and physiology of 6
● Eye
● Ear
● Skin
● Tongue
● Nose
13 Urinary system 4
● Anatomy and physiology of urinary system
● Physiology of urine formation
● Renin - angiotensin system
● Clearance tests and micturition

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 14 Endocrine system (Hormones and their functions) 6
● Pituitary gland
● Adrenal gland
● Thyroid and parathyroid gland
● Pancreas and gonads
15 Reproductive system 4
● Anatomy of male and female reproductive system
● Physiology of menstruation
● Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
● Pregnancy and parturition

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-14P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to train the students and instil the skills for
carrying out basic physiological monitoring of various systems and
functions.

Course Objectives: This course will provide hands-on experience in the

following:
1. General blood collection techniques and carrying out various
haematological assessments and interpreting the results
2. Recording and monitoring the vital physiological parameters in
human subjects and the basic interpretations of the results
3. Microscopic examinations of the various tissues permanently
mounted in glass slides
4. Discuss the anatomical and physiological characteristics of
various organ systems of the body using models, charts, and other
teaching aids

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Perform the haematological tests in human subjects and interpret the
results
2. Record, monitor and document the vital physiological parameters
of human subjects and interpret the results
3. Describe the anatomical features of the important human tissues
under the microscopical conditions
4. Discuss the significance of various anatomical and
physiological characteristics of the human body

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Practicals

1. Study of compound microscope

2. General techniques for the collection of blood
3. Microscopic examination of Epithelial tissue, Cardiac muscle, Smooth
muscle, Skeletal muscle, Connective tissue, and Nervous tissue of
ready / pre-prepared slides.
4. Study of Human Skeleton-Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
5. Determination of
a. Blood group
b. ESR
c. Haemoglobin content of blood
d. Bleeding time and Clotting time
6. Determination of WBC count of blood
7. Determination of RBC count of blood
8. Determination of Differential count of blood
9. Recording of Blood Pressure in various postures, different arms, before
and after exertion and interpreting the results
10. Recording of Body temperature (using mercury, digital and IR
thermometers at various locations), Pulse rate/ Heart rate (at various
locations in the body, before and after exertion), Respiratory Rate
11. Recording Pulse Oxygen (before and after exertion)
12. Recording force of air expelled using Peak Flow Meter
13. Measurement of height, weight, and BMI
14. Study of various systems and organs with the help of chart, models,
and specimens
a) Cardiovascular system
b) Respiratory system
c) Digestive system
d) Urinary system
e) Endocrine system
f) Reproductive system
g) Nervous system
h) Eye
i) Ear
j) Skin

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 SOCIAL PHARMACY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-15T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on public health,

epidemiology, preventive care, and other social health related concepts.
Also, to emphasize the roles of pharmacists in the public health programs.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss about basic concepts of

1. Public health and national health programs
2. Preventive healthcare
3. Food and nutrition related health issues
4. Health education and health promotion
5. General roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in public health

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Discuss about roles of pharmacists in the various national health
programs
2. Describe various sources of health hazards and disease preventive
measures
3. Discuss the healthcare issues associated with food and nutritional
substances
4. Describe the general roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in public
health

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Introduction to Social Pharmacy 9
 Definition and Scope. Social Pharmacy as a
discipline and its scope in improving the public
health. Role of Pharmacists in Public Health. (2)
 Concept of Health -WHO Definition, various
dimensions, determinants, and health
indicators. (3)
 National Health Policy – Indian perspective (1)
 Public and Private Health System in India,
National Health Mission (2)
 Introduction to Millennium Development Goals,
Sustainable Development Goals, FIP
Development Goals (1)

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2 Preventive healthcare – Role of Pharmacists in the 18
following
 Demography and Family Planning (3)
 Mother and child health, importance of
breastfeeding, ill effects of infant milk substitutes
and bottle feeding (2)

 Overview of Vaccines, types of immunity

and immunization (4)
 Effect of Environment on Health – Water
pollution, importance of safe drinking water,
waterborne diseases, air pollution, noise
pollution, sewage and solid waste disposal,
occupational illnesses, Environmental pollution
due to pharmaceuticals (7)
 Psychosocial Pharmacy: Drugs of misuse and
abuse – psychotropics, narcotics, alcohol,
tobacco products. Social Impact of these
habits on social health and
productivity and suicidal behaviours (2)
3 Nutrition and Health 10
 Basics of nutrition – Macronutrients and
Micronutrients (3)
 Importance of water and fibres in diet (1)
 Balanced diet, Malnutrition, nutrition deficiency
diseases, ill effects of junk foods, calorific and
nutritive values of various foods, fortification of
food (3)
 Introduction to food safety, adulteration of foods,
effects of artificial ripening, use of pesticides,
genetically modified foods (1)
 Dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, food
supplements
– indications, benefits, Drug-Food Interactions (2)

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 4 Introduction to Microbiology and common 28
microorganisms (3)

Epidemiology: Introduction to epidemiology, and its

applications. Understanding of terms such as
epidemic, pandemic, endemic, mode of transmission,
outbreak, quarantine, isolation, incubation period,
contact tracing, morbidity, mortality, . (2)

Causative agents, epidemiology and clinical

presentations and Role of Pharmacists in educating
the public in prevention of the following
communicable diseases:
 Respiratory infections – chickenpox, measles,
rubella, mumps, influenza (including Avian-Flu,
H1N1, SARS, MERS, COVID-19), diphtheria,
whooping cough, meningococcal meningitis,
acute respiratory infections, tuberculosis,
Ebola (7)
 Intestinal infections – poliomyelitis, viral
hepatitis, cholera, acute diarrheal diseases,
typhoid, amebiasis, worm infestations, food
poisoning (7)

 Arthropod-borne infections - dengue, malaria,

filariasis and, chikungunya (4)
 Surface infections – trachoma, tetanus, leprosy
(2)
 STDs, HIV/AIDS (3)
5 Introduction to health systems and all ongoing 8
National Health programs in India, their objectives,
functioning, outcome, and the role of pharmacists.

6 Pharmacoeconomics – Introduction, basic 2

terminologies,
importance of pharmacoeconomics

SOCIAL PHARMACY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-15P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to provide simulated experience in

various public health and social pharmacy activities.

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Course Objectives: This course will train the students on various roles
of pharmacists in public health and social pharmacy activities in the following
areas:
1. National immunization programs
2. Reproductive and child health programs
3. Food and nutrition related health programs
4. Health education and promotion
5. General roles and responsibilities of the pharmacists in public health
6. First Aid for various emergency conditions including basic life
support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in various
National health programs
2. Design promotional materials for public health awareness
3. Describe various health hazards including microbial sources
4. Advice on preventive measures for various diseases
5. Provide first aid for various emergency conditions
Note: Demonstration / Hands-on experience / preparation of charts /
models / promotional materials / role plays / enacting / e-brochures / e-
flyers / podcasts / video podcasts / any other innovative activities to
understand the concept of various elements of social pharmacy listed
here. (At least one activity to be carried out for each one of the following):

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Practicals

1. National immunization schedule for children, adult vaccine schedule,

Vaccines which are not included in the National Immunization
Program.
2. RCH – reproductive and child health – nutritional aspects, relevant
national health programmes.
3. Family planning devices
4. Microscopical observation of different microbes (readymade slides)
5. Oral Health and Hygiene
6. Personal hygiene and etiquettes – hand washing techniques,
Cough and sneeze etiquettes.
7. Various types of masks, PPE gear, wearing/using them, and disposal.
8. Menstrual hygiene, products used
9. First Aid – Theory, basics, demonstration, hands on training, audio-
visuals, and practice, BSL (Basic Life Support) Systems [SCA -
Sudden Cardiac Arrest, FBAO - Foreign Body Airway Obstruction,
CPR, Defibrillation (using AED) (Includes CPR techniques, First
Responder).
10. Emergency treatment for all medical emergency cases viz. snake
bite, dog bite, insecticide poisoning, fractures, burns, epilepsy etc.
11. Role of Pharmacist in Disaster Management.
12. Marketed preparations of disinfectants, antiseptics, fumigating
agents, antilarval agents, mosquito repellents, etc.
13. Health Communication: Audio / Video podcasts, Images, Power
Point Slides, Short Films, etc. in regional language(s) for mass
communication / education / Awareness on 5 different communicable
diseases, their signs and symptoms, and prevention.
14. Water purification techniques, use of water testing kit,
calculation of Content/percentage of KMnO4, bleaching powder to be
used for wells/tanks
15. Counselling children on junk foods, balanced diets – using
Information, Education and Communication (IEC), counselling,
etc. (Simulation Experiments).
16. Preparation of various charts on nutrition, sources of various
nutrients from Locally available foods, calculation of caloric needs of
different groups (e.g. child, mother, sedentary lifestyle, etc.). Chart
of glycemic index of foods.
17. Tobacco cessation, counselling, identifying various tobacco
containing products through charts/pictures

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 Assignment

The students shall be asked to submit the written assignments on the

following topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a
minimum of THREE assignments per student)
1. An overview of Women’s Health Issues
2. Study the labels of various packed foods to understand their
nutritional contents
3. Breastfeeding counselling, guidance – using Information,
Education and Communication (IEC)
4. Information about the organizations working on de-addiction
services in the region (city / district, etc.)
5. Role of a pharmacist in disaster management – A case study
6. Overview on the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP)
7. Drug disposal systems in the country, at industry level and citizen
level
8. Various Prebiotics or Probiotics (dietary and market products)
9. Emergency preparedness: Study of local Government structure
with respect to Fire, Police departments, health department
10. Prepare poster/presentation for general public on any one of the
Health Days. e.g. Day, AIDS Day, Handwashing Day, ORS day,
World Diabetes Day, World Heart Day, etc.
11. List of home medicines, their storage, safe handling, and
disposal of unused medicines
12. Responsible Use of Medicines: From Purchase to Disposal
13. Collection of newspaper clips (minimum 5) relevant to any one
topic and its submission in an organized form with collective
summary based on the news items
14. Read a minimum of one article relevant to any theory topic, from
Pharma
/Science/ or other Periodicals and prepare summary of it for submission
15. Potential roles of pharmacists in rural India

Field Visits
The students shall be taken in groups to visit any THREE of the following
facilities to witness and understand the activities of such centres/facilities
from the perspectives of the topics discussed in theory and/or practical
courses. Individual reports from each student on their learning experience
from the field visits shall be submitted.
1. Garbage Treatment Plant
2. Sewage Treatment Plant
3. Bio-medical Waste Treatment Plant
4. Effluent Treatment Plant
5. Water purification plant
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6. Orphanage / Elderly-Care-Home / School and or Hostel/Home for
persons with disabilities
7. Primary health care centre

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 8. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus – Part II

S. Course Name of the Course Total Total Theory / Tutorial

No. Code Theory / Tutorial Practical Hours
Practical Hours Hours per
Hours per Week
Week
1. ER20-21T Pharmacology – 75 25 3 1
Theory
2. ER20-21P Pharmacology – 50 - 2 -
Practical
3. ER20-22T Community Pharmacy 75 25 3 1
& Management –
Theory
4. ER20-22P Community Pharmacy 75 - 3 -
& Management –
Practical
5. ER20-23T Biochemistry & Clinical 75 25 3 1
Pathology – Theory
6. ER20-23P Biochemistry & Clinical 50 - 2 -
Pathology – Practical
7. ER20-24T Pharmacotherapeutics 75 25 3 1
– Theory
8. ER20-24P Pharmacotherapeutics 25 - 1 -
– Practical
9. ER20-25T Hospital & Clinical 75 25 3 1
Pharmacy – Theory
10. ER20-25P Hospital & Clinical 25 - 1 -
Pharmacy – Practical
11. ER20-26T Pharmacy Law & 75 25 3 1
Ethics

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 PHARMACOLOGY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-21T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course provides basic knowledge about different classes of

drugs available for the pharmacotherapy of common diseases. The
indications for use, dosage regimen, routes of administration,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and contraindications of the drugs
discussed in this course are vital for successful professional practice.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following:

1. General concepts of pharmacology including
pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, routes of
administration, etc.
2. Pharmacological classification and indications of drugs
3. Dosage regimen, mechanisms of action, contraindications of drugs
4. Common adverse effects of drugs

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the basic concepts of pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics2. Enlist the various classes and drugs of choices
for any given disease condition
3. Advice the dosage regimen, route of administration and
contraindications for a given drug
4. Describe the common adverse drug reactions

Chapter Topic Hours

1 General Pharmacology 10
 Introduction and scope of Pharmacology
 Various routes of drug administration -
advantages and disadvantages
 Drug absorption - definition, types, factors
affecting drug absorption
 Bioavailability and the factors affecting
bioavailability
 Drug distribution - definition, factors affecting
drug distribution
 Biotransformation of drugs - Definition, types of
biotransformation reactions, factors influencing
drug metabolisms
 Excretion of drugs - Definition, routes of drug
excretion
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  General mechanisms of drug action and factors
modifying drug action
2 Drugs Acting on the Peripheral Nervous System 11
 Steps involved in neurohumoral transmission
 Definition, classification, pharmacological
actions, dose, indications, and contraindications
of
a) Cholinergic drugs
b) Anti-Cholinergic drugs
c) Adrenergic drugs
d) Anti-adrenergic drugs
e) Neuromuscular blocking agents
f) Drugs used in Myasthenia gravis
g) Local anaesthetic agents
h) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs)
3 Drugs Acting on the Eye 2
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions,
dose, indications and contraindications of
 Miotics
 Mydriatics
 Drugs used in Glaucoma
4 Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System 8
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions,
dose, indications, and contraindications of
 General anaesthetics
 Hypnotics and sedatives
 Anti-Convulsant drugs
 Anti-anxiety drugs
 Anti-depressant drugs
 Anti-psychotics
 Nootropic agents
 Centrally acting muscle relaxants
 Opioid analgesics

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5 Drugs Acting on the Cardiovascular System 6
Definition, classification, pharmacological
actions, dose, indications, and contraindications
of
 Anti-hypertensive drugs
 Anti-anginal drugs
 Anti-arrhythmic drugs
 Drugs used in atherosclerosis and
 Congestive heart failure
 Drug therapy for shock

6 Drugs Acting on Blood and Blood Forming Organs 4

Definition, classification, pharmacological actions,
dose, indications, and contraindications of
 Hematinic agents
 Anti-coagulants
 Anti-platelet agents
 Thrombolytic drugs
7 Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, 2
dose, indications, and contraindications of
 Bronchodilators
 Expectorants
 Anti-tussive agents
 Mucolytic agents
8 Drugs Acting on the Gastro Intestinal Tract 5
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions,
dose, indications, and contraindications of
 Anti-ulcer drugs
 Anti-emetics
 Laxatives and purgatives
 Anti-diarrheal drugs
9 Drugs Acting on the Kidney 2
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions,
dose, indications, and contraindications of
 Diuretics
 Anti-Diuretics

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10 Hormones and Hormone Antagonists 8
Physiological and pathological role and clinical uses of
 Thyroid hormones
 Anti-thyroid drugs
 Parathormone
 Calcitonin
 Vitamin D
 Insulin
 Oral hypoglycemic agents
 Estrogen
 Progesterone
 Oxytocin
 Corticosteroids

11 Autocoids 3
 Physiological role of Histamine, 5 HT
and Prostaglandins
 Classification, clinical uses, and adverse
effects of
antihistamines and 5 HT antagonists
12 Chemotherapeutic Agents: Introduction, basic 12
principles of chemotherapy of infections,
infestations and neoplastic diseases, Classification,
dose, indication and contraindications of drugs
belonging to following classes:
 Penicillins
 Cephalosporins
 Aminoglycosides
 Fluoroquinolones
 Macrolides
 Tetracyclines
 Sulphonamides
 Anti-tubercular drugs
 Anti-fungal drugs
 Anti-viral drugs
 Anti-amoebic agents
 Anthelmintics
 Anti-malarial agents
 Anti-neoplastic agents

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 13 Biologicals 2
Definition, types, and indications of biological agents
with examples

PHARMACOLOGY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-21P 50 Hours (2 Hours/week)

Scope: This course provides the basic understanding about the uses,
mechanisms of actions, dose dependent responses of drugs in simulated
virtual animal models and experimental conditions.

Course Objectives: This course will demonstrate / provide hands-on

experience in the virtual platform using appropriate software on the
following
1. Study of pharmacological effects of drugs like local anaesthetics,
mydriatic and mitotic on rabbit eye
2. Screening the effects of various drugs acting in the central nervous
system
3. Study of drug effects on isolated organs / tissues
4. Study of pyrogen testing on rabbit

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Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students
will be able to
1. Study and report the local anaesthetic, mydriatic and mitotic
effects of the given drug on the rabbit eye
2. Choose appropriate animal experiment model to study the effects of
the given drugs acting on the central nervous system and submit
the report
3. Perform the effects of given tissues (simulated) on isolated organs
/ tissues and interpret the results
4. Interpret the dose dependent responses of drugs in various animal
experiment models

Practicals

Introduction to the following topics pertaining to the experimental

pharmacology have to be discussed and documented in the practical manuals.

1. Introduction to experimental pharmacology

2. Study of laboratory animals
(a) Mice; (b) Rats; (c) Guinea pigs; (d) Rabbits
3. Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology
4. Different routes of administration of drugs in animals
5. Types of pre-clinical experiments: In-Vivo, In-Vitro, Ex-Vivo, etc.
6. Techniques of blood collection from animals

Experiments

Note: Animals shall not be used for doing / demonstrating any of the
experiments given. The given experiments shall be carried- out /
demonstrated as the case may be, ONLY with the use of software
program(s) such as ‘Ex Pharm’ or any other suitable software

1. Study of local anaesthetics on rabbit eye

2. Study of Mydriatic effect on rabbit eye
3. Study of Miotic effect on rabbit eye
4. Effect of analgesics using Analgesiometer
5. Study of analgesic activity by writhing test
6. Screening of anti-convulsant using Electro Convulsiometer
7. Screening of Muscle relaxants using Rota-Rod apparatus
8. Screening of CNS stimulants and depressants using Actophotometer
9. Study of anxiolytic activity using elevated plus maze method
10. Study of effect of drugs (any 2) on isolated heart
11. Effect of drugs on ciliary motility on frog’s buccal cavity
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12. Pyrogen testing by rabbit method

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 Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following

topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum
of THREE assignments per student)
1. Introduction to Allergy Testing
2. Introduction to Toxicity Studies
3. Drug Facts Labels of US FDA
4. Pre-clinical studies in new drug development
5. Medicines and meals: Before or After food
6. Pre-clinical studies in new drug development
7. Drugs available as paediatric formulations
8. Drug information apps

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 COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-22T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: The course is designed to impart basic knowledge and skills to

provide various pharmaceutical care services to patients and general
practitioners in the community setup.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following:

1. Establishing and running a community pharmacy and its legal
requirements
2. Professional aspects of handling and filling prescriptions
3. Patient counselling on diseases, prescription and or non-
prescription medicines
4. Scope for performing basic health screening in community pharmacy
settings

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the establishment, legal requirements, and effective
administration of a community pharmacy
2. Professionally handle prescriptions and dispense medications
3. Counsel patients about the disease, prescription and or non-
prescription medicines
4. Perform basic health screening on patients and interpret the
reports in the community pharmacy settings

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Community Pharmacy Practice – Definition, history 2
and development of community pharmacy -
International and Indian
scenarios
2 Professional responsibilities of community pharmacists 3

Introduction to the concept of Good Pharmacy Practice

and SOPs.

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3 Prescription and prescription handling 7
 Definition, parts of prescriptions, legality of
prescriptions, prescription handling, labelling of
dispensed medications (Main label, ancillary label,
pictograms), brief instructions on medication
usage
 Dispensing process, Good Dispensing Practices,
dispensing errors and strategies to minimize them

4 Communication skills 6
 Definition, types of communication skills
 Interactions with professionals and patients
 Verbal communication skills (one-to-one, over
the telephone)
 Written communication skills
 Body language
 Patient interview techniques
5 Patient counselling 10
 Definition and benefits of patient counselling
 Stages of patient counselling - Introduction,
counselling content, counselling process, and
closing the counselling session
 Barriers to effective counseling - Types and
strategies to overcome the barriers
 Patient counselling points for chronic
diseases/disorders - Hypertension, Diabetes,
Asthma, Tuberculosis, Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, and AIDS
 Patient Package Inserts - Definition, i mportance and
benefits, Scenarios of PPI use in India and other
countries
 Patient Information leaflets - Definition and uses
6 Medication Adherence 2
Definition, factors influencing non- adherence,
strategies to overcome non-adherence
7 Health Screening Services in Community Pharmacy 5
Introduction, scope, and importance of various health
screening services - for routine monitoring of patients,
early detection, and
referral of undiagnosed cases

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 9 Over The Counter (OTC) Medications 15
 Definition, need and role of Pharmacists in OTC
medication dispensing
 OTC medications in India, counseling for OTC
products
 Self-medication and role of pharmacists in
promoting the safe practices during self-
medication
 Responding to symptoms, minor ailments, and
advice for self-care in conditions such as - Pain
management, Cough, Cold, Diarrhea, Constipation,
Vomiting, Fever, Sore throat, Skin disorders, Oral
health (mouth ulcers, dental pain, gum swelling)
10 Community Pharmacy Management
 Legal requirements to set up a community 25
pharmacy
 Site selection requirements
 Pharmacy designs and interiors
 Vendor selection and ordering
 Procurement, inventory control methods, and
inventory management
 Financial planning and management
 Accountancy in community pharmacy – Day
book, Cash book
 Introduction to pharmacy operation softwares –
usefulness and availability
 Customer Relation Management (CRM)
 Audits in Pharmacies
 SOP of Pharmacy Management
 Introduction to Digital Health, mHealth and
Online pharmacies

COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-22P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: The course is designed to train the students and improve

professional skills to provide various pharmaceuticalcare services in
community pharmacy.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students in the following
1. Professional handling and filling prescriptions
2. Patient counselling on diseases and minor ailments
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 3. Patient counselling on prescription and / or non-prescription medicines
4. Preparation of counselling materials such as patient information leaflets
5. Performing basic health screening tests

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Handle and fill prescriptions in a professional manner
2. Counsel patients on various diseases and minor ailments
3. Counsel patients on prescription and or non-prescription medicines
4. Design and prepare patient information leaflets
5. Perform basic health screening tests

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Practicals

Note: The following practicals shall be carried out in the model community
pharmacy with appropriate simulated scenarios and materials. Students
shall be trained through role plays wherever necessary. The activities of
the students shall be assessed / evaluated using a structured objective
assessment form.

1. Handling of prescriptions with professional standards, reviewing

prescriptions, checking for legal compliance and completeness
(minimum 5)
2. Identification of drug-drug interactions in the prescription and
follow-up actions (minimum 2)
3. Preparation of dispensing labels and auxiliary labels for the
prescribed medications (minimum 5)
4. Providing the following health screening services for monitoring
patients / detecting new patients (one experiment for each activity)
Blood Pressure Recording, Capillary Blood Glucose Monitoring,
Lung function assessment using Peak Flow Meter and
incentive spirometer, recording capillary oxygen level using
Pulse Oximeter, BMI measurement
5. Providing counselling to simulated patients for the following chronic
diseases / disorders including education on the use of devices such
as insulin pen, inhalers, spacers, nebulizers, etc. where appropriate
(one experiment for each disease)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Primary Hypertension, Asthma,
Hyperlipidaemia, Rheumatoid Arthritis
6. Providing counselling to simulated patients for the following minor
ailments (any three)
Headache, GI disturbances (Nausea, Vomiting, Dyspepsia,
diarrhoea, constipation), Worm infestations, Pyrexia, Upper
Respiratory Tract infections, Skin infections, Oral and dental
disorders.
7 Appropriate handling of dummy dosage forms with correct
administration techniques - oral liquids with measuring
cup/cap/dropper, Eye Drops, Inhalers, Nasal drops, Insulin pen,
nebulizers, different types of tablets, patches, enemas, suppositories
8 Use of Community Pharmacy Software and digital health tools

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the

following topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a
minimum of THREE assignments per student)
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1. SOPs for various activities in Community Pharmacy (as discussed in
Theory and Practical)

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 2. List out the various abbreviations, short forms used in prescriptions
and their interpretation
3. Patient Information Leaflet for a given chronic disease / disorder
4. Patient Information Leaflet for prescription / non-prescription medicines
5. Preparation of window / shelf display materials for the model
community pharmacy
6. Overview of Software available for retail pharmacy management
including billing, inventory, etc.
7. Dosage / Medication Reminder Aids
8. Overview on the operations and marketing strategies of various
online pharmacies
9. Overview on the common fixed dose combinations
10. Overview on the medications requiring special storage conditions
11. Role of Community Pharmacists in preventing Antimicrobial
Resistance
12. Jan Aushadhi and other Generic Medicine initiatives in India
13. Global Overview of Online Pharmacies
14. Community Pharmacy Practice Standards: Global Vs. Indian Scenario
15. Overview of pharmacy associations in India

Field Visit

The students shall be taken in groups to visit community pharmacies and

medicine distributors to understand and witness the professional activities
of the community pharmacists, and supply chain logistics. Individual
reports from each student on their learning experience from the field visit
shall be submitted.

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 BIOCHEMISTRY & CLINICAL PATHOLOGY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-23T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on the study of

structure and functions of biomolecules and the chemical processes
associated with living cells in normal and abnormal states. The course
also emphasizes on the clinical pathology of blood and urine.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following at the fundamental
level
1. Structure and functions of biomolecules
2. Catalytic activity, diagnostic and therapeutic importance of enzymes
3. Metabolic pathways of biomolecules in health and illness
(metabolic disorders)
4. Biochemical principles of organ function tests and their clinical
significance
5. Qualitative and quantitative determination of biomolecules /
metabolites in the biological sample
6. Clinical pathology of blood and urine

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the functions of biomolecules
2. Discuss the various functions of enzymes in the human system
3. Explain the metabolic pathways of biomolecules in both
physiological and pathological conditions
4. Describe the principles of organ function tests and their clinical
significances
5. Determine the biomolecules / metabolites in the given biological
samples, both qualitatively and quantitatively
6. Describe the clinical pathology of blood and urine

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Introduction to biochemistry: Scope of biochemistry 2
in
pharmacy; Cell and its biochemical organization.
2 Carbohydrates 5
 Definition, classification with examples,
chemical properties
 Monosaccharides - Structure of glucose,
fructose, and galactose
 Disaccharides - structure of maltose, lactose,
and sucrose
 Polysaccharides - chemical nature of starch
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 and glycogen
 Qualitative tests and biological role of
carbohydrates
3 Proteins 5
 Definition, classification of proteins based on
composition and solubility with examples
 Definition, classification of amino acids based on
chemical nature and nutritional requirements
with examples
 Structure of proteins (four levels of organization
of protein structure)
 Qualitative tests and biological role of proteins
and amino acids
 Diseases related to malnutrition of proteins.
4 Lipids 5
 Definition, classification with examples
 Structure and properties of triglycerides (oils and
fats)
 Fatty acid classification - Based on
chemical and nutritional requirements
with examples
 Structure and functions of cholesterol in the body
 Lipoproteins - types, composition and functions
in the body
 Qualitative tests and functions of lipids
5 Nucleic acids 4
 Definition, purine and pyrimidine bases
 Components of nucleosides and nucleotides
with examples
 Structure of DNA (Watson and Crick model), RNA
and
their functions
6 Enzymes 5
 Definition, properties and IUB and MB
classification
 Factors affecting enzyme activity
 Mechanism of action of enzymes, Enzyme
inhibitors
 Therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance
of enzymes

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7 Vitamins 6
 Definition and classification with examples
 Sources, chemical nature, functions, coenzyme
form, recommended dietary requirements,
deficiency diseases of fat-and water-soluble
vitamins
8 Metabolism (Study of cycle/pathways without 20
chemical structures)
 Metabolism of Carbohydrates: Glycolysis, TCA
cycle
and glycogen metabolism, regulation of blood glucose

level. Diseases related to abnormal metabolism

of Carbohydrates
 Metabolism of lipids: Lipolysis, β-oxidation of
Fatty acid (Palmitic acid) ketogenesis and
ketolysis. Diseases related to abnormal
metabolism of lipids such as Ketoacidosis, Fatty
liver, Hypercholesterolemia
 Metabolism of Amino acids (Proteins): General
reactions of amino acids and its significance–
Transamination, deamination, Urea cycle and
decarboxylation. Diseases related to abnormal
metabolism of amino acids, Disorders of
ammonia metabolism, phenylketonuria,
alkaptonuria and Jaundice.
 Biological oxidation: Electron transport
chain
and Oxidative phosphorylation
9 Minerals: Types, Functions, Deficiency diseases, 05
recommended dietary requirements
10 Water and Electrolytes 05
 Distribution, functions of water in the body
 Water turnover and balance
 Electrolyte composition of the body fluids,
Dietary intake of electrolyte and Electrolyte
balance
 Dehydration, causes of dehydration and oral
rehydration therapy
11 Introduction to Biotechnology 01

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12 Organ function tests 06
 Functions of kidney and routinely performed
tests to assess the functions of kidney and their
clinical significances
 Functions of liver and routinely performed tests
to assess the functions of liver and their clinical
significances
 Lipid profile tests and its clinical significances
13 Introduction to Pathology of Blood and Urine 06
 Lymphocytes and Platelets, their role in health
and disease
 Erythrocytes - Abnormal cells and their
significance
 Normal and Abnormal constituents of Urine
and their significance

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 BIOCHEMISTRY & CLINICAL PATHOLOGY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-23P 50 Hours (2 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to train the students in the qualitative

testing of various biomolecules and testing of biological samples for
determination of normal and abnormal constituents

Course Objectives: This course will train and provide hands-on experiences
on the following
1. Qualitative determination of biomolecules / metabolites in simulated
biological samples
2. Determination of normal and abnormal constituents of simulated
blood and urine samples

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Qualitatively determine the biomolecules / metabolites in the given
biological samples
2. Determine the normal and abnormal constituents in blood and urine
samples and interpret the results of such testing

Practicals

1. Qualitative analysis of carbohydrates (4 experiments)

2. Qualitative analysis of Proteins and amino acids (4 experiments)
3. Qualitative analysis of lipids (2 experiments)
4. Qualitative analysis of urine for normal and abnormal
constituents (4 experiments)
5. Determination of constituents of urine (glucose, creatinine,
chlorides) (2 experiments)

6. Determination of constituents of blood/serum (simulated) (Creatine,

glucose, cholesterol, Calcium, Urea, SGOT/SGPT) (5 experiments)
7. Study the hydrolysis of starch from acid and salivary
amylase enzyme (1 experiment)

Assignments
The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on Various
Pathology Lab Reports (One assignment per student per sessional period.
i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per student)

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 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - THEORY

Course Code: ER20-24T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on

etiopathogenesis of common diseases and their management along with
quality use of medicines.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss about

1. Etiopathogenesis of selected common diseases and evidence-
based medicine therapy
2. Importance of individualized therapeutic plans based on diagnosis
3. Basic methods for assessing the clinical outcomes of drug therapy

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Help assessing the subjective and objective parameters of
patients in common disease conditions
2. Assist other healthcare providers to analyse drug related
problems and provide therapeutic interventions
3. Participate in planning the rational medicine therapy for common
diseases
4. Design and deliver discharge counselling for patients

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Pharmacotherapeutics – Introduction, scope, and 8
objectives. Rational use of Medicines, Evidence
Based Medicine, Essential Medicines List,
Standard Treatment Guidelines
(STGs)
2 Definition, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, non-
pharmacological and pharmacological management of the
diseases associated with
(a) Cardiovascular System
 Hypertension 8
 Angina and Myocardial infarction
 Hyperlipidaemia
 Congestive Heart Failure
(b) Respiratory System 4
 Asthma
 COPD
(c) Endocrine System 5
 Diabetes
 Thyroid disorders - Hypo and Hyperthyroidism
(d) Central Nervous System 63 | 8P a g
 Epilepsy e
  Parkinson’s disease
 Alzheimer’s disease
 Stroke
 Migraine
(e) Gastro Intestinal Disorders 8
 Gastro oesophageal reflux disease
 Peptic Ulcer Disease
 Alcoholic liver disease
 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Crohn’s
Disease and Ulcerative Colitis)
(f) Haematological disorders 4
 Iron deficiency anaemia
 Megaloblastic anaemia
(g) Infectious diseases 12
 Tuberculosis
 Pneumonia
 Urinary tract infections
 Hepatitis
 Gonorrhoea and Syphilis
 Malaria
 HIV and Opportunistic infections
 Viral Infections (SARS, CoV2)
(h) Musculoskeletal disorders 3
 Rheumatoid arthritis
 Osteoarthritis
(i) Dermatology 3
 Psoriasis
 Scabies
 Eczema
(j) Psychiatric Disorders 4
 Depression
 Anxiety
 Psychosis
(k) Ophthalmology 2
 Conjunctivitis (bacterial and viral)
 Glaucoma
(l) Anti-microbial Resistance 2
(m) Women’s Health 4
 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
 Dysmenorrhea
 Premenstrual Syndrome

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 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-24P 25 Hours (1 Hour/week)

Scope: This course is designed to train the students in the basic skills
required to support the pharmaceutical care services for selected common
disease conditions.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students on

1. How to prepare a SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment and
Plan) note for clinical cases of selected common diseases
2. Patient counselling techniques/methods for common disease conditions

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the

students will be able to
1. Write SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan) notes for
the given clinical cases of selected common diseases
2. Counsel the patients about the disease conditions, uses of drugs,
methods of handling and administration of drugs, life-style
modifications, and monitoring parameters.

Practicals

I. Preparation and discussion of SOAP (Subjective, Objective,

Assessment and Plan) notes for at least SIX clinical cases (real /
hypothetical) of the following disease conditions.
1. Hypertension
2. Angina Pectoris
3. Myocardial Infarction
4. Hyperlipidaemia
5. Rheumatoid arthritis
6. Asthma
7. COPD
8. Diabetes
9. Epilepsy
10. Stroke
11. Depression
12. Tuberculosis
13. Anaemia (any one type as covered in theory)
14. Viral infection (any one type as covered in theory)
15. Dermatological conditions (any one condition as covered in theory)

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II. Patient counselling exercises using role plays based on the real /
hypothetical clinical case scenarios. The students are expected to
provide counselling on disease condition, medications, life-style
modifications, monitoring parameters, etc. and the same shall be
documented. (Minimum 5 cases)

III. Simulated cases to enable dose calculation of selected drugs in

paediatrics, and geriatrics under various pathological conditions.
(Minimum 4 cases)

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 HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-25T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart fundamental knowledge and

professional skills required for facilitating various hospital and clinical
pharmacy services.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss and train the students in the
following
1. Hospital and Hospital Pharmacy organization and set-ups
2. Basics of hospital pharmacy services including the procurement,
supply chain, storage of medicines and medical supplies
3. Basics of clinical pharmacy including introduction to
comprehensive pharmaceutical care services
4. Basic interpretations of common laboratory results used in clinical
diagnosis towards optimizing the drug therapy

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Explain about the basic concepts of hospital pharmacy administration
2. Manage the supply chain and distribution of medicines within the
hospital settings
3. Assist the other healthcare providers in monitoring drug therapy and
address drug related problems
4. Interpret common lab investigation reports for optimizing drug therapy

S. No. Topic Hours

1 Hospital Pharmacy
 Definition, scope, national and international 6
scenario
 Organisational structure
 Professional responsibilities, Qualification and
experience requirements, job specifications, work
load requirements and inter professional
relationships
 Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in hospital
 Hospital Pharmacy Standards (FIP Basel
Statements, AHSP)
 Introduction to NAQS guidelines and NABH
Accreditation
and Role of Pharmacists

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2 Different Committees in the Hospital 4
 Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee -
Objectives, Composition, and functions
 Hospital Formulary - Definition, procedure
for development and use of hospital
formulary
 Infection Control Committee – Role of
Pharmacist in preventing Antimicrobial
Resistance
4 Supply Chain and Inventory Control 14
 Preparation of Drug lists - High Risk drugs,
Emergency drugs, Schedule H1 drugs, NDPS drugs,
reserved antibiotics
 Procedures of Drug Purchases – Drug selection,
short term, long term, and tender/e-tender
process, quotations, etc.
 Inventory control techniques: Economic Order
Quantity, Reorder Quantity Level, Inventory
Turnover etc.
 Inventory Management of Central Drug Store –
Storage conditions, Methods of storage,
Distribution, Maintaining Cold Chain, Devices
used for cold storage (Refrigerator, ILR, Walk-in-
Cold rooms)
 FEFO, FIFO methods
 Expiry drug removal and handling, and disposal.
Disposal of Narcotics, cytotoxic drugs
 Documentation - purchase and inventory
5 Drug distribution 7
 Drug distribution (in- patients and out - patients)
– Definition, advantages and disadvantages of
individual prescription order method, Floor Stock
Method, Unit Dose Drug Distribution Method,
Drug Basket Method.
 Distribution of drugs to ICCU/ICU/NICU/Emergency
wards.
 Automated drug dispensing systems and devices
 Distribution of Narcotic and Psychotropic
substances and their storage
6 Compounding in Hospitals. Bulk compounding, IV 4
admixture
services and incompatibilities, Total parenteral nutrition
7 Radio Pharmaceuticals - Storage, dispensing and disposal 2
of
radiopharmaceuticals
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8 Application of computers in Hospital Pharmacy Practice, 2
Electronic health records, Softwares used in hospital
pharmacy
9 Clinical Pharmacy: Definition, scope, and development - 12
in India and other countries

Technical definitions, common terminologies used in

clinical settings and their significance such as
Paediatrics, Geriatric, Anti-natal Care, Post-natal Care,
etc.

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 Daily activities of clinical pharmacists: Definition, goal, and
procedure of
 Ward round participation
 Treatment Chart Review
 Adverse drug reaction monitoring
 Drug information and poisons information
 Medication history
 Patient counselling
 Interprofessional collaboration

Pharmaceutical care: Definition, classification of drug

related problems. Principles and procedure to provide
pharmaceutical care

Medication Therapy Management, Home Medication Review

10 Clinical laboratory tests used in the evaluation of disease 10
states - significance and interpretation of test results
 Haematological, Liver function, Renal function,
thyroid function tests
 Tests associated with cardiac disorders
 Fluid and electrolyte balance
 Pulmonary Function Tests
11 Poisoning: Types of poisoning: Clinical manifestations 6
and Antidotes
Drugs and Poison Information Centre and their services –
Definition, Requirements, Information resources with
examples, and their advantages and disadvantages
12 Pharmacovigilance 2
 Definition, aim and scope
 Overview of Pharmacovigilance
13 Medication errors: Definition, types, consequences, 6
and strategies to minimize medication errors,
LASA drugs and Tallman lettering as per ISMP

Drug Interactions: Definition, types, clinical significance of

drug interactions

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 HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-25P 25 Hours (1 Hour / Week)

Scope: This course is designed to train the students to assist other

healthcare providers in the basic services of hospital and clinical pharmacy.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students with hands-on
experiences, simulated clinical case studies in the following:
1. Methods to systematically approach and respond to drug information
queries
2. How to interpret common laboratory reports to understand the
need for optimizing dosage regimens
3. How to report suspected adverse drug reactions to the concerned
authorities
4. Uses and methods of handling various medical/surgical aids and devices
5. How to interpret drug-drug interactions in the treatment of common
diseases.

Course Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to
1. Professionally handle and answer the drug information queries
2. Interpret the common laboratory reports
3. Report suspected adverse drug reactions using standard procedures
4. Understand the uses and methods of handling various
medical/surgical aids and devices
5. Interpret and report the drug-drug interactions in common
diseases for optimizing the drug therapy

Note: Few of the experiments of Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy practical

course listed here require adequate numbers of desktop computers with
internet connectivity, adequate drug information resources including
reference books, different types of surgical dressings and other medical
devices and accessories. Various charts, models, exhibits pertaining to the
experiments shall also be displayed in the laboratory.

Practicals

1. Systematic approach to drug information queries using primary /

secondary / tertiary resources of information (2 cases)
2. Interpretation of laboratory reports to optimize the drug therapy in a
given clinical case (2 cases)
3. Filling up IPC’s ADR Reporting Form and perform causality
assessments using various scales (2 cases)
4. Demonstration / simulated / hands-on experience on the identification,
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types, use / application /administration of
 Orthopaedic and Surgical Aids such as knee cap, LS belts,
abdominal belt, walker, walking sticks, etc.

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  Different types of bandages such as sterile gauze, cotton, crepe
bandages, etc.
 Needles, syringes, catheters, IV set, urine bag, RYLE’s tube,
urine pots, colostomy bags, oxygen masks, etc.
5. Case studies on drug-drug interactions (any 2 cases)
6. Wound dressing (simulated cases and role play –minimum 2 cases)
7. Vaccination and injection techniques (IV, IM, SC) using mannequins (5
activities)
8. Use of Hospital Pharmacy Software and various digital health tools

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following

topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum
of THREE assignments per student)

1. Typical profile of a drug to be included in the hospital formulary

2. Brief layout and various services of the Central Sterile Supplies
Department (CSSD)
3. Various types of sterilizers and sterilization techniques used in hospitals
4. Fumigation and pesticide control in hospitals
5. Role of Pharmacists in Transition of Care: Discharge cards, post
hospitalization care, medicine reconciliation activities in developed
countries
6. Total parenteral nutrition and IV admixtures and their compatibility issues
7. Concept of electronic health records
8. Invasive and Non-invasive diagnostic tests - HRCT, MRI,
Sonography, 2D ECHO, X-rays, Mammography, ECG, EMG, EEG
9. Home Diagnostic Kits - Pregnancy Test, COVID testing etc
10. Measures to be taken in hospitals to minimize Antimicrobial Resistance
11. Role and responsibilities of a pharmacist in public hospital in rural
parts of the country
12. Safe waste disposal of hospital waste

Field Visit

The students shall be taken in groups to visit a Government / private

healthcare facility to understand and witness the various hospital and
clinical pharmacy services provided. Individual reports from each student
on their learning experience from the field visit shall be submitted.

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 PHARMACY LAW AND ETHICS – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-26T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on several

important legislations related to the profession of pharmacy in India

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following

1. General perspectives, history, evolution of pharmacy law in India
2. Act and Rules regulating the profession and practice of pharmacy in India
3. Important code of ethical guidelines pertaining to various practice
standards
4. Brief introduction to the patent laws and their applications in pharmacy

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students

will be able to
1. Describe the history and evolution of pharmacy law in India
2. Interpret the act and rules regulating the profession and practice of
pharmacy in India
3. Discuss the various codes of ethics related to practice standards in
pharmacy
4. Interpret the fundamentals of patent laws from the perspectives of
pharmacy

Chapter Topics Hours

1 General Principles of Law, History and various Acts 2
related
to Drugs and Pharmacy profession
2 Pharmacy Act-1948 and Rules: Objectives, Definitions, 5
Pharmacy Council of India; its constitution and
functions, Education Regulations, State and Joint
state pharmacy councils, Registration of
Pharmacists, Offences and Penalties.

Pharmacy Practice Regulations 2015

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3 Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and Rules 1945 and 23
New Amendments
Objectives, Definitions, Legal definitions of
schedules to the Act and Rules Import of drugs –
Classes of drugs and cosmetics prohibited from
import, Import under license or permit.

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 Manufacture of drugs – Prohibition of manufacture
and sale of certain drugs, Conditions for grant of
license and conditions of license for manufacture of
drugs, Manufacture of drugs for test, examination
and analysis, manufacture of new drug, loan license
and repacking license.

Study of schedule C and C1, G, H, H1, K, P, M, N, and

X.

Sale of Drugs – Wholesale, Retail sale and

Restricted license, Records to be kept in a
pharmacy
Drugs Prohibited for manufacture and sale in India

Administration of the Act and Rules – Drugs

Technical Advisory Board, Central Drugs
Laboratory, Drugs Consultative Committee,
Government analysts, licensing
authorities, controlling authorities, Drug Inspectors.
4 Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1985 2
and Rules Objectives, Definitions, Authorities and
Officers, Prohibition, Control and Regulation,
Offences and
Penalties.
5 Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable 2
Advertisements) Act 1954
Objectives, Definitions, Prohibition of
certain advertisements, Classes of
Exempted advertisements,
Offences and Penalties.
6 Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act-1960: Objectives, 2
Definitions, CPCSEA - brief overview, Institutional
Animal Ethics Committee, Breeding and Stocking of
Animals, Performance of Experiments, Transfer and
Acquisition of animals for experiment, Records,
Power to suspend or
revoke registration, Offences and Penalties.
7 Poisons Act-1919: Introduction, objective, definition, 2
possession, possession for sales and sale of any
poison, import of poisons
8 FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) 2
Act and Rules: brief overview and aspects related to

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9 National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority: Drugs 5
Price Control Order (DPCO) - 2013. Objectives,
Definitions, Sale prices of bulk drugs, Retail price of
formulations, Retail price and ceiling price of
scheduled formulations, Pharmaceutical Policy
2002, National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM)

10 Code of Pharmaceutical Ethics: Definition, ethical 5

principles, ethical problem solving, registration,
code of ethics for Pharmacist in relation to his job,
trade, medical
profession and his profession, Pharmacist’s oath.
11 Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act and Rules – 2
basic understanding, salient features, and
Amendments
12 Role of all the government pharma regulator 1
bodies – Central Drugs Standards Control
Organization (CDSCO),
Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC)
13 Good Regulatory practices (documentation, 3
licenses, renewals, e-governance) in Community
Pharmacy, Hospital pharmacy, Pharma
Manufacturing, Wholesale business,
inspections, import, export of drugs and medical
devices
14 Introduction to BCS system of classification, Basic 7
concepts of Clinical Trials, ANDA, NDA, New Drug
development, New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules,
2019. Brand v/s Generic, Trade name concept,
Introduction to Patent Law and Intellectual
Property Rights, Emergency Use
Authorization
15 Blood bank – basic requirements and functions 2
16 Clinical Establishment Act and Rules – Aspects 2
related to
Pharmacy
17 Biomedical Waste Management Rules 2016 – 2
Basic aspects, and aspects related to pharma
manufacture to disposal of pharma / medical waste
at homes, pharmacies,
and hospitals
18 Bioethics - Basic concepts, history and principles. 2
Brief overview of ICMR’s National Ethical Guidelines

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Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the

following topics (One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a
minimum of THREE assignments per student)

1. Requirements for Ayurvedic, Homeopathic manufacturing, sale, and

licensing requirements
2. Layout and contents of official websites of various agencies
regulating the profession of pharmacy in India: e.g., CDSCO,
SUGAM portal, PCI, etc.
3. Licenses required, application processes (online/offline), drug
regulatory office website of the respective state
4. Case studies – actions taken on violation of any act / rule related to
pharmacy
5. Schedule H1 drugs and its implementation in India
6. Counterfeit / Spurious medicines
7. Drug Testing Labs in India
8. Overview of Pharma marketing practices
9. Generic Medicines

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 9. Appendices

No Appendix Document

1. A typical format for the assessment of an Assignment

2. A typical format for the assessment of a Field Visit Report

3. List of instruments and equipment required for the conduct of

D.Pharm program as per ER-2020

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 Appendix – 1

A typical format for the assessment of an Assignment

Name of the College:

Name of the Student:

Academic Year of the Student:

Name of the Subject:

Title of the Assignment:

Date on which the Assignment was

given:
Date on which the Assignment was
submitted:
Name & Designation of the Evaluator:

Signature of the Evaluator with Date:

Directions: For evaluation, enter rating of the student utilizing the

following scale: 5 – Excellent; 4 - Very Good; 3 – Good; 2 –
Satisfactory; 1 - Poor

Assessment Criteria Score Comments if any

a. Relevance with the content
b. Use of resource material
c. Organization & mechanical
accuracy
d. Cohesion & coherence
e. Language proficiency & Timely
submission
Total Score

Signature of the Student with Date:

Note: Subject teacher should try to cover all assignments mentioned in the
list for each practical subject by assigning the topics to the students.
Students should be encouraged to submit an assignment (in a format
decided by the Institute) and encouraged to present assignments (at least
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any one assignment per subject) in the class.

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 Appendix – 2

A typical format for the assessment of a Field Visit Report

Name of the College:

Name of the Student:

Academic Year of the Student:

Name of the Subject:

Name & full address of the

organization visited:

Date and Duration of Visit:

Name & Designation of the Evaluator:

Signature of the Evaluator with Date:

Objectives set for the field visit: (give 2 – 4 objectives one by one)

Prior preparation of the student for the field visit: (minimum 100 words)

Describe the general experiences during the field visit: (minimum 100 words)

Learning points: Describe what theoretical concept that is correlated during

the field visit: (minimum 300 words)

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 Appendix – 3

List of Instruments and Equipment required for the

Conduct of D.Pharm program as per ER-2020

As per ER 2020 regulation;

At least four laboratories specified below should be provided for:

1. Pharmaceutics Lab.
2. Pharm. Chemistry Lab.
3. Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy Lab.
4. Biochemistry, Clinical Pathology, Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy Lab.

The institutions shall provide “Model Pharmacy” as per following details

Model Pharmacy No. Area

Essential: 01 80 Sq. Mts.

(Including 10 Sq. mt. for
Running Model Community Drug Information Centre &
Pharmacy 10 Sq. mt. for Patient
Counselling)
Desirable:

Drug Model Store

NOTE: Wherever animal experimentations are prescribed in the

curriculum, the required knowledge and skill should be imparted by using
computer assisted modules. Animal hold area shall be as per the
Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on
Animals (CPCSEA) guidelines.

Practical of Social Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapeutics can be conducted in

any one of the laboratories by making necessary provisions.

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 Department wise List of Minimum Equipment required for D.Pharm
(For a practical batch of 20 students)

1. Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy Lab.

S. No. Name Minimum required Nos.

for DPharm 60 intake
1 Microscopes 20
2 Haemocytometer with Micropipettes 20
3 Sahli’s haemoglobinometers 20
4 Sphygmomanometers 5
5 Stethoscopes 10
6 One pair of each tissue
Human Permanent Slides for various Organs and endocrine
tissues glands
7 One model of each
Models for various organs
organ
system
8 One model for each
Specimen for various organs and systems
organ system
9 One set of skeleton and
Human Skeleton and bones one spare bone
10 Different Contraceptive Devices and One set of each device
Models
11 Digital Balance (10 mg Sensitivity) 1
12 Computer with LCD 1
13 Licensed Software packages for
1
Physiological
& Pharmacological experiment
14 IR Thermometer 2
15 Refrigerator 1
16 First aid equipment Adequate number
17 Stop watch 20
18 Dummy Inhalers and Nebulizer 1
19 Pharmacotherapeutic charts for various
Adequate number
diseases & disorders
20 Surgical devices and Sutures Adequate number
21 Digital BP Instrument 5
22 Mercury Thermometer 10
23 Digital Thermometer 10
24 Pulse Oximeter 5
25 ESR Apparatus (Westergren and 10
Wintrobe)
26 Peak Flow meter 10
27 Stadiometer 2
28 Adult Weighing Scale (150 kg) 5
29 Glucometer 10
30 Projection microscope 1
31 Permanent slide set of plants and charts
Adequate number
for
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 Pharmacognosy Lab
32 Drug information resources Adequate number
33 Various types of PPE Kits, Adequate number
34 Charts /displays/ AVs on tobacco control,
glycemic index of foods, nutrition, Adequate number
reproductive health
35 Menstrual hygiene products Adequate number
36 Display for various disinfectants,
Adequate number
mosquito
repellents etc
37 Water Testing Kit Adequate number
38 Permanent slide of different microbes Adequate number

NOTE: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory

should be provided in each laboratory and department

2. Pharmaceutical Chemistry/ Biochemistry, Clinical Pathology

S. No. Name Minimum required Nos.

for DPharm 60 intake
1 Hot plates 5
2 Hot Air Oven 1
3 Refrigerator 1
4 Analytical Balances for demonstration 1
5 Digital balance 10mg sensitivity 5
6 Magnetic Stirrers with Thermostat 10
7 Vacuum Pump 1
8 Digital pH meter 1
9 Wall Mounted Water Distillation Unit 2
10 Nessler’s Cylinders 40
11 Digital Melting Point Apparatus 2
12 Thieles Tube 20
13 Digital Colorimeter 2
14 Thermostatic Water Bath 1

NOTE: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory

should be provided in each laboratory and department

3. Pharmaceutics

S. No. Name Minimum required Nos.

for DPharm 60 intake
1 Digital balance (10mg) 5
2 Microscopes 10
3 Autoclave 1
4 Vacuum Pump 1
5 Standard sieves, sieve no. 8, 10,
10 sets
12,22,24,
44, 54, 60, 80, 85, 100, 120
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 6 Tablet dissolution test apparatus IP
1
(Digital
single/double Unit)
7 Magnetic stirrer, 500ml and 1 litter
5
capacity with speed control

8 Digital pH meter 1
9 Capsule Counter 2
10 Hot Plate 2
11 Distillation Unit 1
12 Tablet counter – small size 2
13 Hot air oven 1
14 Electric water bath unit 2
15 Stalagmometer 5
16 Desiccator 5
17 Buchner Funnels (Medium) 10
18 Filtration assembly with Vacuum Pump 1
19 Andreasen’s Pipette 5
20 Ointment slab 20
21 Ointment spatula 20
22 Pestle and mortar porcelain 20
23 Refrigerator 1
24 Micrometre slide Eyepiece 5
25 Micrometre slide Stage 5
26 Viscometer Ostwald/Brookfield 1
27 Stop watch 1
28 Sintered glass filter with vacuum 4

NOTE: Aseptic cabinet or area should be provided as per Appendix A of ER

2020 Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory
should be provided in each laboratory and department

Machine Room

S. No. Name Minimum required Nos.

for D.Pharm 60 intake
1 Capsule filling machine 1
2 Automated Single Station Tablet
1
punching
machine
3 Tablet disintegration test apparatus IP
1
(Digital Single/Double unit)
4 Monsanto’s hardness tester 2
5 Pfizer type hardness tester 2
6 Friability test apparatus (Digital
Single/Double unit) 1
7 Sieve shaker with sieve set 1
8 Ointment filling machine 1

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 9 All-purpose equipment with all 1
accessories
10 Bottle washing Machine 1
11 Bottle Sealing Machine 1
12 Liquid Filling Machine 1
13 Ampoule washing machine 1
14 Ampoule filling and sealing machine (Jet
1
Burner)

15 Clarity test apparatus 1

16 Collapsible tube – Filling and Sealing 1
17 Liquid Mixer 1

NOTE: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory

should be provided in each laboratory and department

4. Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy Lab

S. No. Name Minimum required Nos

for D.Pharm 60 intake
1 Orthopaedical & Surgical Aids such as
knee cap, LS belts, abdominal belt, Adequate Number
walker, walking
sticks, etc
2 Different Types of bandages such as
sterile Adequate Number
gauze, cotton, crepe bandages, roll
bandage etc
3 Mannequins for CPR-1
(with indication Signals) 2
4 Mannequins for injection IV Arm 2
5 Variety of Needles 20
6 Variety of Syringes 20
7 Variety of catheters 5
8 IV set 20
9 Urine Bag 2
10 RYLE’s tube 2
11 Urine pots 2
12 Colostomy bags 2
13 Oxygen masks 10
14 Inventory Software for Retail Pharmacy 1

NOTE: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory

should be provided in each laboratory and department

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5. Model Pharmacy
S. No. Name Minimum required Nos.
for D.Pharm 60 intake (
1 Empty cartons of variety
medicines (across variety dosage
forms)
 Various name plates
indicating different parts
of Pharmacy,
 Proper arrangement of
medicines, shelves, racks,
drawers
 Box/area for expiry medicines,
 Display windows, shelves
 Computer
 Refrigerator
 Designated patient counselling
area, Adequate
 Patient Information .Leaflets/Cards
 Patient waiting area,
 Drug Information books
 Health information display,
 Various devices for screening
services (B.P. monitor,
glucometer etc)
 Height and body weight chart
 Dummy devices (eg. Inhalers)
 Display of pharmacist
registration, license and
other licenses
 Display of name of owner
 Inspection book,
 Lock and key arrangement
for Schedule X and NDPS
medicines,
 Bill book (dummy) ,
Computer stationary for bill
printing
2 Computers: hospital and
1
community pharmacy
management software

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 APPENDIX 4

Subject wise list of Recommended Books (Latest Edition)

Pharmaceutics

1. History of Pharmacy in India by Dr. Harikishan Singh

2. Indian Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India Publication
3. A Text book of Pharmaceuticals Formulation by B.M. Mithal,
Vallabh Prakashan.
4. Bentleys’ Text book of Pharmaceutics, Editor E.A. Rawlins, Elsevier Int.,
5. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. Leon Lachman,
Herbert Lieberman and Joseph Kanig, Editors, Lea and Febiger,
Philadelphia. Varghese Publishing House
6. Responsible Use of Medicines: A Layman’s Handbook,
www.ipapharma.org / publications

Pharmaceutical Chemistry
1. Medicinal & Pharmaceutical chemistry by Harikishan Singh and VK
Kapoor
2. Wilson and Griswold’s Text book of Organic Medicinal and
pharmaceutical Chemistry
3. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann and Saunders.
4. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Volume- I & II by Beckett
and J. B. Stenlake
5. Indian Pharmacopoeia
6. Vogel’s text book of Practical Organic Chemistry

Pharmacognosy
1. Text book of Pharmacognosy by C. K. Kokate, S. B. Gokhale,
A.P. Purohit, Nirali Prakashan
2. Text book of Pharmacognosy by C.S. Shah and J. S. Qadry,
CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
3. Text Book of Pharmacognosy by T. E. Wallis. CBS Publishers &
Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
4. Study of crude drugs by M. A. Iyengar, Manipal Press Ltd, Manipal
5. Powder crude drugs by M. A. Iyengar, Manipal Press Ltd, Manipal
6. Anatomy of crude drugs by M. A. Iyengar, Manipal Press Ltd, Manipal
7. Augmented Text Book of Homeopathic Pharmacy by Dr. D D
Banerjee, B Jain Publishers (P) Ltd

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Human Anatomy and Physiology
1. Human Physiology by C. C. Chatterjee
2. Human Anatomy and Physiology by S. Chaudhary and A. Chaudhary
3. Derasari and Gandhi’s elements of Human Anatomy, Physiology and
Health Education
4. S.R. Kale and R.R. Kale, Textbook of Practical Anatomy and Physiology
5. Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and illness
6. Human Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora Gerard J
7. Fundamentals of Medical Physiology by K. Sambulingam and P
Sambulingam
8. Ranade V.G. Text Book of Practical Physiology
9. Goyal R.K., Natvar M.P. and Shah S.A., Practical Anatomy,
Physiology and Biochemistry, Experimental Physiology

Social Pharmacy
1. Social Pharmacy – Innovation and development. Geoff
Harding, Sarah Nettleton and Kevin Taylor. The Pharmaceutical
Press.
2. Text Book of Community Pharmacy Practice. RPSGB Publication
3. Community Pharmacy Handbook- Jonathan Waterfield
4. S Khurana, P Suresh and R Kalsi. Health Education & Community
Pharmacy. S Vikas & Co
5. Social Pharmacy: Tayler, Geoffrey. Pharmaceutical Press. London.
6. Textbook by Dandiya PC, Zafer ZYK, Zafer A. Health education &
Community Pharmacy. Vallabh Prakashan.
7. Websites of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National Health Portal
8. Pharmacists at the Frontlines: A Novel Approach at Combating TB
www.ipapharma.org Visit Publications
9. Where There Is No Doctor: A Village Health Care Handbook by David
Werner
,2015 updated version
10. Various WHO publications www.who.int

Pharmacology
1. Pharma Satoskar, R.S. and Bhandarkar, S.D. Pharmacology
and Pharmacotherapeutics
2. B. Suresh, A Text Book of Pharmacology
3. Derasari and Gandhi’s Elements of Pharmacology
4. S.K. Kulkarni, Practical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy
5. H.K. Sharma. Principles of Pharmacology
6. Mary J. Mycek, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Lippincott’s
illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology
7. Tripathi, K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology.
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8. Various Drug Information Books like British National Formulary,
MIMS, CIMS, Drug Today etc., WHO, NIH Websites

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Community Pharmacy and Management

1. Health Education and Community Pharmacy by N.S. Parmar.

2. WHO consultative group report.
3. Drug store and Business management by Mohammed Ali and Jyoti.
4. Handbook of pharmacy – health care. Edt. Robin J Harman. The
Pharmaceutical Press
5. Comprehensive Pharmacy Review – Edt. Leon Shargel. Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins.
6. Good Pharmacy Practices Training Manual by IPA/CDSCO/WHO India
7. Training Module for Community Pharmacists in TB Care and
Control/ by MoH/IPA
8. Hand Book of PharmaSoS, Drugs in Special population-
Pregnancy and Lactation, Tobacco free future- Choice is yours: KSPC
Publications.
9. Responsible Use of Medicines: A Layman’s Handbook,
www.ipapharma.org
/publications
10. Community Pharmacy Practice around the
Globe: Part One: www.ipapharma.org
/publications

Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology

1. Essentials of Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana, Books and Allied (P) Ltd.

2. A Textbook of Biochemistry by A.V.S.S. Rama Rao, UBS Publishers’
Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
3. Practical Biochemistry by R.C. Gupta and S. Bhargava.
4. Laboratory manual of Biochemistry by Pattabiraman and Sitaram Acharya

Pharmacotherapeutics

1. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - Roger and Walker, Churchill

Livingstone Publication
2. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - Eric T. Herfindal, Williams and
Wilkins Publication
3. Applied Therapeutics: The clinical Use of Drugs. Lloyd Young and Koda-
Kimble MA Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Publication.
4. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic approach - Joseph T. Dipiro
et al. Appleton and Lange Publication.
5. National Formulary of India, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ghaziabad.

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Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy

1. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacy Practice - Essential concepts and skills -

Parthasarathi G, Karin Nyfort-Hansen and Milap Nahata. Orient Longman
Pvt. Ltd. Hyderabad.
2. Text Book of Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy by Dr. Pratibha Nand and
Dr. Roop K Khar, Birla publications, New Delhi.
3. Gupta B.K and Gupta R.N., GPP in Hospital Pharmacy, Vallabh Prakashan.
4. Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data - Scott LT, American Society
of Health System Pharmacists Inc.
5. Australian drug information- Procedure manual. The Society of Hospital
Pharmacists of Australia.

Pharmacy Law and Ethics

1. Text book of Forensic Pharmacy by B.M. Mithal

2. Forensic Pharmacy by B. Suresh
3. Hand book of drug law-by M.L. Mehra
4. A text book of Forensic Pharmacy by N.K. Jain
5. Drugs and Cosmetics Act/Rules by Govt. of India publications.
6. Medicinal and Toilet preparations Act 1955 by Govt. of India publications.
7. Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act by Govt. of India
publications
8. Drugs and Magic Remedies Act by Govt. of India publications.
9. CDSCO Website, NPPA Website
10. Books on Drugs and Cosmetic Act by Nilesh Gandhi and Sudhir Deshpande
11. Text Book of Forensic Pharmacy by Dr Guruprasad Mohanta

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