CAPS-13

PHYSICS CAPACITANCE
TARGET : JEE- Advanced 2025

SCQ (Single Correct Type) :

1. One plate of a parallel plate capacitor(5 F) has a fixed charge 10 C. The charge q(in C)on the other
plate is varied with time t(in seconds) as q = 2t. The potential difference (in volts) between the plates
will vary as
(A) 1  0.2t (B) 1  0.2t (C) 0.5t (D) 0.2t

2. In the circuit shown C1 = C5 = 5F, C2 = C4 = 3F, C3 = 6F,  = 20 v.

Choose the incorrect option :

(A) Charge on C1 is equal to charge on C5 when switch S is closed and each is equal to 37.5 C

(B) Charge on C1 is equal to 50C when switch S is open

(C) Charge on C4 is equal to 30C when switch S is open

(D) Charge on C3 is zero when switch S is closed

3. AB and CD are two plates each of area ‘a’ such that the plate CD is just submerged into a liquid whose
dielectric constant is k. If the plates are charged using a battery to charge density , the height to which
the level of liquid in the capacitor rises is (density of liquid is ).

2 (k 2  1) 2 2 (k  1) 2 (k 2  1)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
20gk 2 20gk 20gk 20gk 2

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4. Charge q versus t graph for a capacitor, initally uncharged is charged with a battery of emf 5V as shown
in figure. The resistance R of the circuit is

(A) 2M (B) 6M (C) 3M (D) 1.5M

5. An uncharged capacitor C and a variable resistance R are connected to an ideal source and
tworesistors with the help of a switch at t = 0 as shown in the figure. Initially capacitor is uncharged and
switch S is closed at t = 0 sec. The graph between V B . VA for variable resistor R for its three different
value R1, R2, and R3 versus time is shown in the figure II. Choose the correct statement.


(A) R1 < R2 < R3 (B) R1 > R2 > R3 (C) R1 < R3 < R2 (D) |a| < |b| (E) |a| > |b|

MCQ (One or more than one correct) :

6. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 'C' has charges on its plates initially as shown in the figure.
Now at t = 0, the switch 'S' is closed. Select the correct alternative(s) for this circuit diagram.
A B
S
t=0 -2c c


(A) In steady state the charges on the outer surfaces of plates 'A' and 'B' will be same in magnitude and
sign.
(B) In steady state the charges on the outer surfaces of plates 'A' and 'B' will be same in magnitude and
opposite in sign.
(C) In steady state the charges on the inner surfaces of the plates 'A' and 'B' will be same in magnitude
and opposite in sign.

5  2C
(D) The work done by the cell by the time steady state is reached is .
2

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7. The figure shows, a graph of the current in a discharging circuit of a capacitor through a resistor of
resistance 10 .

(A) The initial potential difference across the capacitor is 100 volt.
1
(B) The capacitance of the capacitor is F.
10 n 2

500
(C) The total heat produced in the circuit will be joules.
n2
1
(D) The thermal power in the resistor will decrease with a time constant second.
2n2
8. Circuit shown in the figure is in steady state. Now the capacitor is suddenly filled with medium of
dielectric constant K = 2.
R 2R

 R C


(A) Current through ‘2R’ just after this moment is
10R

(B) Current through ‘2R’ just after this moment is
15R
11
(C) Current through battery just after this moment is
20R

(D) Potential difference across capacitor just after this moment is
4
Comprehension Type Question:
Comprehension # 1

In the shown circuit involving a resistor of resistance R , capacitor of capacitance C farad and an ideal
cell of emf E volts, the capacitor is initially uncharged and the key is in position 1. At t = 0 second the
key is pushed to position 2 for t0 = RC seconds and then key is pushed back to position 1 for t 0 = RC
seconds. This process is repeated again and again. Assume the time taken to push key from position 1
to 2 and vice versa to be negligible.

R
C
2 E

1
K
9. The charge on capacitor at t = 2RC second is

 1 1 1   1 1 
(A) CE (B) CE 1   (C) CE   2  (D) CE  1   2 
 e  e e   e e 

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10. The current through the resistance at t = 1.5 RC seconds is
E 1 E 1 E 1 E 1
(A) (1  )
2
(B) (1  ) (C) (1  ) (D) (1  )
e R e eR e R e eR e
11. Then the variation of charge on capacitor with time is best represented by
q q q q

(A) t (B) t (C) t (D) t

Comprehension # 2
A highway emergency flasher uses a 120 volt battery, a 1 M resistor, a 1 mF capacitor and
a neon flash lamp in the circuit shown in the figure. The flash lamp has a resistance more than
1010  when the voltage across it is less than 110V. Above 110 V, the neon gas ionizes, the
lamp’s resistance drops to 10 , and the capacior discharges completely. Until the capacitor
voltage reaches the breackdown voltage Vb = 110 V, the large resistance of the flash lamp
ensures that it draws a negligible current.

The capacitor charges as if the lamp were absent. At Vb, however, the lamp resistance quickly
becomes negligible, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp as if the battery and the
series resistor were absent. The time between the flashes is the time for the capacitor to
charge to Vb. The flash duration is roughly the time for the capacitor to discharge through the
lamp, or about 3 time constant of the capacitor–lamp circuit. The flash energy is the stored
energy in the capacitor at 110 volt.
12. The flash interval is found by solving for the time when the capacitor voltage is Vb = 110 V.

Vb = (1 – e–t/CR), n 12 = 2.5). Flash interval is

(A) 2 s (B) 2/5 s (C) 5/2 s (D) 1 s

13. Time constant (c) of the capacitor–lamp circuit is-
(A) 20 s (B) 15 s (C) 30 s (D) 10 s
14. Flash duration is
(A) 10 s (B) 20 s (C) 30 s (D) 5 s
15. The energy in the flash is
(A) 6.1 mJ (B) 6.1 J (C) 3 mJ (D) 12.2 mJ

PAGE # 4
Numerical based Questions :
16. A spherical capacitor is made of two conducting spherical shells of radii a and b = 3a. The space
between the shells is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant K = 3 upto a radius c = 2a as shown. If
the capacitance of given arrangement is n times the capacitance of an isolated spherical conducting
shell of radius a. Then find value of n.

17. Six identical parallel metallic large plates are located in air at equal distances d to neighbouring plates.
The area of each plate is A. Some of the plates are connected by conducting wires to each other. The
capacitance of the system of plates between two points P and Q in pF is :
(Take A = 0.05 m2, d = 17.7 mm, 0 = 8.85 ×10–12 F/m).

18. 32 capacitors are connected in a circuit as shown in the figure. The capacitance of each capacitor is
3F. Find equivalent capacitance across AB in F.

19. A parallel plate capacitor is to be designed which is to be connected across 1 kV potential difference.
The dielectric material which is to be filled between the plates has dielectric constant K = 6 and
dielectric strength 107 V/m.
For safely the electric field is never to exceed 10% of the dielectric strength. With such specifications, if
we want a capacitor of capacitance 50 pF, what minimum area (in mm 2) of plates is required for safe
1
working ? (use 0 = x 10–9 in MKS)
36

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Matrix Match Type :
20. Identical capacitors A and B, each plate area S and separation between the plates d, are connected in
parallel. Charge Q is given to each capacitor. Whole arrangement is shown in figure.

Now Keeping one plate of capacitor B fixed another plate is moved towards the first plate with very small
constant velocity V from t = 0 and keeping one plate of A fixed another plate is moved away from the first
plate with small constant velocity V from t = 0.
Match the proper entries from column- to column- for above described system.
Column- Column-
(d  Vt)Q
(A) Charge on capacitor A as function of time (P)
d
(d  Vt)Q
(B) Charge on capacitor B as function of time (Q)
d
(C) Current in the circuit as function of time (R) decreases
QV
(D) Ratio of electrostatic potential energy (S)
d
Stored between the plates of capacitor
A and between the plates of capacitor B
as function of time.
Subjective Type Questions :
21. The figure shows two identical parallel plate capacitors connected to a battery with the switch S closed.
The switch is now opened and the free space between the plates of the capacitors is filled with a
dielectric of dielectric constant (or relative permittivity) 3. Find the ratio of the total electrostatic energy
stored in both capacitors before and after the introduction of the dielectric.
S

V A C B C

22. Calculate the capacitance of a parallel plate condenser, with plate area A and distance between plates
d, when filled with a dielectric whose dielectric constant varies as;
x 
K(x) =  0< x < d ; K(x) =  (d  x) d < x < d.
0 2 0 2

For what value of  would the capacity of the condenser be twice that when it is without any dielectric?
23. What amount of heat will be generated in the circuit shown in the figure, after the switch Sw is shifted
from position 1 to position 2?

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24. In the figure shown the capacitor is initially uncharged. Find the current in R3 ( = R) at time ‘t’.

25. A smooth dielectric slab A of mass m and dielectric constant k is placed between the plates of a parallel
plate capacitor and connected to a block B of equal mass m through a string and pulley arrangement as
shown in the figure. The capacitor plates with separation  and width b are connected to a battery of
emf E as shown in the figure.
i
a
x +q
m A
E k A
T

-q T
m B a

mg

mg 
The pulley and string are massless and E = . Find the current supplied by the battery as a
b(k  1) 0

function of time t.

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