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Preface
Since Cagniard de la Tour discovered the special phenomenon of supercritical fluid in 1822
and Hannay and Hogarth observed its solvent power in 1879, various aspects of supercritical fluids
have received significant attention. Major advancements in the technology aspects of supercritical
fluids have occurred, especially over the last 25 years, in the extraction of petrochemicals, foods,
pharmaceuticals, fragrances, flavors, nutraceuticals, and pesticides; polymerization and biological
reactions, and various organic and inorganic chemical reactions; cleaning of semiconductors and
precision machinery; aerogel manufacturing; textile dyeing and dry cleaning; metal de-binding;
and manufacturing of micro- and nano-particles. Commercial applications include coffee and
tea decaffeination, nicotine removal from tobacco, extraction of fragrances and flavors, plant
wastewater treatment, dry cleaning, and residuum oil extraction. The scope of supercritical fluid
technology is expanding into a variety of areas including chemistry, biology, food science,
environmental science, military, cosmetics, textile engineering, metallurgical engineering,
semiconductor industry, and polymer industry.
Supercritical fluids exhibit liquid-like solvent properties and gas-like transport properties. The
combination of these properties makes supercritical fluids suitable for the various applications
mentioned above. Carbon dioxide is the supercritical fluid of choice due to its mild critical
temperature, nontoxicity, nonflammability, and low cost. Carbon dioxide becomes a supercritical
fluid when it is heated above 31.18C and simultaneously compressed above 73.8 bar.
The environmentally benign nature of carbon dioxide comes from its very stable molecular
bonds, which in turn do not provide high polarity. In fact, a carbon dioxide molecule has only a
weak quadrupole moment, due to minor charge separation on oxygen and carbon atoms. Hence, the
molecular interaction with most polar and heavy substances of interest is minor, providing only a
weak solvent power. If needed, a small amount of cosolvent (also termed as entrainer or modifier) is
added to enhance polarity and affinity with solutes. In many applications, however, the design
limitation is the solubility of the substance in supercritical carbon dioxide. Therefore, the solubility
data are essential both for the initial feasibility study and final process design.
This book provides a compilation of solubility data in supercritical carbon dioxide for
various liquids, solids, polymers, foods, drugs, nutraceuticals, pesticides, dyes, metal complexes,
etc. The data were compiled from various research articles, reports, and theses. A reasonable
effort was made to ensure that all published data are compiled in this book. However, there may
be some research papers that are not tracked in literature searches, especially those written in non-
English languages. The solubility data are arranged in alphabetical order of the compound name
for easy access, and the data are provided in both tabular and graphical format for better
understanding and easier comparison of the solubility behavior of these compounds. At the end of
each table, compound synonym(s) and the reference for the original data are provided. Although
the source articles provide data in various units, this book uses a uniform unit of mole fraction
solubility, or weight fraction solubility if the molecular weight is not known, both in the order of
106 (i.e., parts per million). This book provides only actual experimental solubility data, and does
not contain any empirical or theoretical correlations or predictions, except for a brief discussion of
modeling in the Introduction.
Collecting over 1200 data tables and compiling them accurately into the present format was an
intensive effort. The authors appreciate the assistance of several people at Yeungnam University
and Auburn University, including Sang Min Paek, Yeong-Ju Kim, Hyo-jung Kim, Mee Hwa Kim,
Jong-Won Kim, Da Young Baek, Auburn Hudgins, Suhaila Rowe, Christy Hea, Haley Brooks,
Bhaven Sayania, Dmitri Varlamov, Charles Angels, Jerald Dumas, and Katherine Wilbank. We
greatly appreciate Dr. Dirk Tuma, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, for his comprehensive
review of tables and graphs and suggestions on synonyms. We are grateful to Peter Livant,

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Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, and Choon Sup Ra, Department of Chemistry,
Yeungnam University, for their suggestions in selecting synonyms for chemical complexes. We
also appreciate the efforts of researchers who responded to our inquiries to verify their published
data. JJS appreciates partial financial support by the Yeungnam University research grants in 2004.
Finally, support from our families—Deepti, Pranjal, and Rohan Gupta, and Mee-Hee, So-Youn, and
Joseph Shim—was key to the completion of this book.

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Authors
Ram B. Gupta is professor of chemical engineering at Auburn University,
Alabama. He has published numerous research papers, holds several
patents on supercritical fluid technology, and is the recipient of the James
A. Shannon Director’s Award (1998) from the National Institutes of Health
(1998), Young Faculty Career Enhancement Award (1997) from Alabama
NSF-EPSCoR, Junior and Senior Research Awards (1998, 2002) from
the Auburn Alumni Engineering Council, and Science and Engineering
Award (2002–2004) from DuPont. He serves on the editorial/advisory
boards of Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, the
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, and Industrial & Engineering
Chemistry Research. In addition, he is consultant to various companies on supercritical fluid
technology. He received the B.E. degree (1987) from the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee,
India, the M.S. degree (1989) from the University of Calgary, Canada, and the Ph.D. degree (1993)
from the University of Texas at Austin, all in chemical engineering.

Jae-Jin Shim is professor of chemical engineering at Yeungnam

University, Korea (Republic of). He received his B.S. degree (1980)
from Seoul National University, South Korea, M.S. degree (1982) from the
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), and Ph.D.
degree (1990) from the University of Texas at Austin, all in chemical
engineering. He has served as the chairman of the School of Chemical
Engineering and Technology and as the associate dean of engineering for
academic affairs at Yeungnam University. He also has served on the
numerous government committees in Korea for research and education
program evaluations. He serves as the editor of Clean Technology
published by the Korean Society of Clean Technology and the director of the Institute of Clean
Technology at Yeungnam University and is a member of American Institute of Chemical Engineers
and the Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers. He has extensively published research papers on
the phase equilibria of supercritical fluid-polymer systems, supercritical fluid chromatography,
solubility of solid dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide and cosolvent-laden supercritical fluids and
their sorption in polymers and textiles, and polymerizations and chemical reactions in supercritical
fluids.

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Abbreviations
SOLUBILITY
M Molar solubility (moles solute/liter of CO2)
S Mass solubility per volume of CO2 (g solute/liter of CO2)
W Mass solubility per mass of CO2 (g solute/kg CO2)
w Mass fraction solubility (g solute/g fluid mixture)
y Mole fraction solubility (mole solute/mole fluid mixture)

MOLECULAR WEIGHT
Mn Number average molecular weight of a polymer
Mw Weight average molecular weight of a polymer
MW Molecular weight of a chemical compound
FW Formula weight of a chemical complex

NOMENCLATURE
(C)- Clockwise rotation of the plane of polarized light
(K)- Counterclockwise rotation of the plane of polarized light
-block- Block copolymer
-co- Random copolymer
D- Dextrorotatory
E Entgegen (trans-configuration)
L- Levorotatory
m- Meta isomer
o- Ortho isomer
p- Para isomer
rac- Racemic mixture
-ran- Random copolymer
R Clockwise configuration according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog notation
S Counterclockwise configuration according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog notation
tert- Tertiary
Z Zusammen (cis-configuration)

OTHER
L Liter
Nl Volume in liter of fluid at normal condition (273.15 K and 1.013 bar)
P Pressure (bar)
T Temperature (K)
x Mole fraction in liquid phase

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1

Chapter 1 Solubility Data A ......................................................................................................19

Chapter 2 Solubility Data B........................................................................................................75

Chapter 3 Solubility Data C......................................................................................................151

Chapter 4 Solubility Data D ....................................................................................................271

Chapter 5 Solubility Data E......................................................................................................335

Chapter 6 Solubility Data F ......................................................................................................351

Chapter 7 Solubility Data G ....................................................................................................381

Chapter 8 Solubility Data H ....................................................................................................387

Chapter 9 Solubility Data I ......................................................................................................451

Chapter 10 Solubility Data J ....................................................................................................455

Chapter 11 Solubility Data K ..................................................................................................457

Chapter 12 Solubility Data L....................................................................................................461

Chapter 13 Solubility Data M ..................................................................................................477

Chapter 14 Solubility Data N ..................................................................................................513

Chapter 15 Solubility Data O ..................................................................................................569

Chapter 16 Solubility Data P ....................................................................................................587

Chapter 17 Solubility Data Q ..................................................................................................695

Chapter 18 Solubility Data R....................................................................................................699

Chapter 19 Solubility Data S ....................................................................................................707

Chapter 20 Solubility Data T....................................................................................................735

Chapter 21 Solubility Data U ..................................................................................................809

Chapter 22 Solubility Data V ..................................................................................................815

Chapter 23 Solubility Data W ..................................................................................................825

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Chapter 24 Solubility Data X ..................................................................................................829

Chapter 25 Solubility Data Y ..................................................................................................831

Chapter 26 Solubility Data Z....................................................................................................833

Appendix A Density Data of Carbon Dioxide ..........................................................................835

Appendix B List of Solutes by Molecular Formula..................................................................855

Index..............................................................................................................................................891

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List of Solutes

Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Acenaphthene C12H10 154.21 A-1–A-3

4-Acetamidophenyl acetate C10H11O3 193.20 A-11, A-12
Acetaminophen C8H9NO2 151.16 A-4–A-6
Acetic acid C2H4O2 60.05 A-7
Acetone C3H6O 58.08 A-8, A-9
Acetonitrile C2H3N 41.05 A-10
17a-Acetoxy-6-dehydro-6- C24H32O4 384.51 M-6
methylprogesterone
17a-Acetoxy-6a-methylprogesterone C24H34O4 386.52 M-4
21-Acetoxy-17a-hydroxypregn-4-ene- C23H30O6 402.48 C-191
3,11,20-trione
4 0 -Acetoxyacetanilide C10H11NO3 193.20 A-11, A-12
p-Acetoxyacetanilide C10H11NO3 193.20 A-11, A-12
2-Acetoxybenzoic acid C9H8O4 180.16 A-13, A-72, A-73
Acetylsalicylic acid C9H8O4 180.16 A-13, A-72, A-73
Acridine C13H9N 179.22 A-14–A-18
Adamantane C10H16 136.23 A-19, A-20
Aesculetin C9H6O4 178.14 A-21
Albumin N/A N/A A-22
Alizarin C14H8O4 240.22 C-156
4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol C10H12O2 164.20 E-28
Ametryne C9H17N5S 227.33 A-23, A-24
1-Amino-2-ethylanthraquinone C16H13NO2 251.28 A-30
1-Amino-4,5-dihydroxy-8- C20H14N2O4 346.34 C-106
(phenylamino)anthraquinone
1-Amino-2,3-dimethylanthraquinone C16H13NO2 251.28 A-28
1-Amino-2,4-dimethylanthraquinone C16H13NO2 251.28 A-29
1-Amino-4-hydroxy-2- C20H13NO4 331.33 C-113, C-130–C-135
phenoxyanthraquinone
1-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone C15H11NO2 237.25 A-32, C-116, C-117
(S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropanonic acid C9H11NO2 165.19 P-80
(S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid C6H13NO2 131.17 L-8
(2S)-2-Amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)- C11H12N2O2 204.23 T-105
propanoic acid
4-Amino-4 0 -[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)- C16H20N4O2 300.36 C-89
amino]azobenzene
4-Amino-4 0 -nitroazobenzene C12H10N4O2 242.24 C-113–C-115
2-Aminoacetic acid C2H5NO2 75.07 G-8
2-Aminobenzoic acid C7H7NO2 137.14 A-25–A-27
4-Aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester C9H11NO2 165.19 B-11, B-12
2-Aminofluorene C13H11N 181.23 A-31
1-((4-aminophenyl)azo)-2-naphthol C16H13N3O 263.30 A-33
5-(4-aminophenylazo)-2-hydroxy- C13H10N3NaO3 279.23 C-157
benzoic acid sodium salt

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

2-Aminopyrazine C4H5N3 95.10 A-34

Anguidin C19H26O7 366.41 D-11
1-Anilino-4,5-dihydroxy-8- C20H12N2O6 376.32 C-99
nitroanthraquinone
4-Anilino-3-nitrobenzenesulfonanilide C18H15N3O4S 369.39 C-148
p-Anisaldehyde C8H8O2 136.15 A-35
m-Anisamide C8H9O2N 151.16 M-17
p-Anisamide C8H9O2N 151.16 M-18
Aniseed essential Oil N/A N/A A-36
o-Anisic acid C8H8O3 1152.15 M-19
m-Anisic acid C8H8O3 152.15 M-20
p-Anisic acid C8H8O3 152.15 A-37, M-21
Anisole C7H8O 108.14 A-38, A-39
Anthracene C14H10 178.23 A-18, A-27, A-40–A-63,
F-40, N-49, P-65,
P-66
9,10-Anthracenedione C14H8O2 208.21 A-64, A-65
Anthranilic acid C7H7NO2 137.14 A-25, A-26
Anthraquinone C14H8O2 208.21 A-64, A-65
9,10-Anthraquinone C14H8O2 208.21 A-64, A-65
Aquafen C12H14Cl2FNO4S 358.21 F-32
Arachidic acid C20H40O2 312.53 E-4
Arachidonic acid ethyl ester C22H36O2 332.52 A-66
Arachidyl alcohol C20H42O 298.55 A-67, E-5
Aroclor 1254 N/A 326.50 A-68
Arsenic tris[bis(trifluoroethyl)- C15H12AsF18N3S6 N/A M-15
dithiocarbamate]
Artemisinin C15H22O5 282.33 A-69
Ascorbic acid C6H8O6 176.12 A-70
L-Ascorbic acid 6-hexadecanoate C22H38O7 414.53 A-71
Ascorbic acid 6-palmitate C22H38O7 414.53 A-71
Ascorbyl palmitate C22H38O7 414.53 A-71
Aspirin C9H8O4 180.16 A-72–A-74
Atratone C9H17N5O 211.26 A-75
Atrazine C8H14ClN5 215.68 A-76–A-78
Atropine C17H23NO3 289.37 A-79
9-Azaanthracene C13H9N 179.22 A-14–A-17
9-Azafluorene C12H9N 167.21 C-22, C-23
Azobenzene C12H10N2 182.22 A-80, A-81
Barium bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) C10H2BaF12O4 551.43 B-1
Beclomethasone-17,21-dipropionate C28H37ClO7 521.04 B-2
Beef shank fat N/A N/A B-3
Behenic acid C22H44O2 340.58 B-4–B-7
Behenyl behenate C44H88O2 649.17 B-8
Benzaldehyde C7H6O 106.12 B-9, B-10
Benzeneacetic acid C8H8O2 136.15 P-79
Benzenecarbonitrile C7H5N 103.12 B-28
1,2-Benzenediol C6H6O2 110.11 D-50, P-138, P-139
1,3-Benzenediol C6H6O2 110.11 D-50, R-3
1,4-Benzenediol C6H6O2 110.11 D-50, H-34–H-38

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Benzenemethanol C7H8O 108.14 B-30, B-31

Benzenepropanol C9H12O 136.19 P-81
3-(2-Benzimidazolyl)-7-(diethylamino)- C20H19N3O2 333.38 C-150
coumarin
Benzo[def]phenanthrene C16H10 202.25 P-129–P-137
Benzo[ghi]perylene C22H12 276.33 B-29
Benzo[j,k]fluorene C16H10 202.25 F-33–F-35
Benzocaine C9H11NO2 165.19 B-11, B-12
Benzoic acid C7H6O2 122.12 B-13–B-26, D-8,
N-24, P-67
Benzoic aldehyde C7H6O 106.12 B-9
Benzoin C14H12O2 212.24 B-27
Benzonitrile C7H5N 103.12 B-28
1,12-Benzoperylene C22H12 276.33 B-29
1,2-Benzophenanthrene C18H12 228.29 C-85–C-88
9,10-Benzophenanthrene C18H12 228.29 T-92, T-93
2HK1-Benzopyran-2-one C9H6O2 146.14 C-200, C-201
2,3-Benzopyrrole C8H7N 117.15 I-3
2,3-Benzoquinoline C13H9N 179.22 A-14–A-17
1,4-Benzoquinone C6H4O2 108.09 Q-2, Q-3
p-Benzoquinone C6H4O2 108.09 Q-2, Q-3
2-Benzoylacetophenone C15H12O2 224.25 D-19
m-Benzoylhydratropic acid C16H14O3 254.28 K-1–K-3
2-(3-Benzoylphenyl)propionic acid C16H14O3 254.28 K-1–K-3
Benzyl alcohol C7H8O 108.14 B-30, B-31
Benzyl benzene C13H12 168.23 D-89
N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-DL-aspartic acid C12H13NO6 267.24 C-24
N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-DL-proline C13H15NO4 249.26 C-25
N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-DL-valine C13H17NO4 251.28 C-26
Benzylpenicillin C16H18N2O4S 334.39 P-19
Betamethasone C22H29FO5 392.46 B-32
Betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate C28H37FO7 504.59 B-33
BHC C6Cl6 284.80 H-8–H-10
g-BHC C6H6Cl6 290.83 L-23
Bibenzyl C14H14 182.26 B-34
Biphenyl C12H10 154.21 B-35–B-38, N-25,
N-26
1,1 0 -Biphenyl C12H10 154.21 B-36, B-38
Bis(h5-cyclopentadienyl)iron C10H10Fe 186.03 F-2–F-5
Bis(diisopropyldithiocarbamato)lead C14H28N2PbS4 559.83 L-6
Bis(diisopropyldithiocarbamato)- C14H28N2PdS4 459.07 P-4
palladium
Bis(2,6-dimethylheptane-3,5-dionato)- C18H30CuO4 373.98 C-178
copper
Bis(5,5-dimethylhexane- C16H26CuO4 345.93 C-179
2,4-dionato)copper
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate C16H35O4P 322.42 D-41
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate C24H38O4 390.56 D-84
Bis(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro- C10H2BaF12O4 551.43 B-1
2,4-pentanedionato)barium

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Bis(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro- C10H2CoF12O4 473.03 C-167

2,4-pentanedionato)cobalt
Bis(1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluoro pentane- C10H2CuF12O4$ 495.67 C-181, C-182
2,4-dionato)copper hydrate xH2O
Bis(1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluoro pentane- C10H2CuF12O4 477.65 C-180
2,4-dionato)copper
Bis(8-methylnonyl) hydrogen phosphate C20H43O4P 378.53 D-57
Bis(methylthioglycolato)palladium C6H10O4PdS2 316.69 P-2
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)cobalt C10H14CoO4 257.15 C-166
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)copper C10H14CuO4 261.76 C-173–C-176
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)copper dihydrate C10H14CoO4$2H2O 293.18 C-177
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)lithium C5H7LiO2 106.05 L-27
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)manganese C10H14MnO4$2H2O 289.19 M-2
dihydrate
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)palladium C10H14O4Pd 304.64 P-1
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)platinum C10H14O4Pt 393.29 P-90
Bis(2,4-pentanedionato)zinc C10H14O4Zn 263.60 Z-1
Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C22H38O4Pd 472.94 P-3
heptanedionato)palladium
Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5- C22H38CuO4 430.09 C-183, C-184
dionato)copper
Bis(1,1,1-trifluoropentane-2,4-dionato)- C10H8CuF6O4 369.71 C-186
copper
Bis[4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)- C16H8CuF6O4S2 505.89 C-185
1,3-butanedionato]copper
Bis(4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenylbutane-1,3- C20H12CuF6O4 493.85 C-187
dionato)copper
Bis(2,2,7-trimethyloctane-3,5- C22H38CuO4 430.09 C-188
dionato)copper
1,1-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2- C14H9Cl5 354.49 B-56
trichloroethane
1,4-Bis(allyloxy)anthraquinone C20H16O4 320.34 B-53, B-54
1,4-Bis(butylamino)anthraquinone C22H26N2O2 350.46 B-40, B-41, C-161
1,4-Bis(dodecylamino)anthraquinone C38H58N2O2 574.88 B-42
1,4-Bis(ethylamino)anthraquinone C18H18N2O2 294.35 B-43
1,4-Bis(hexadecylamino)anthraquinone C46H74N2O2 687.09 B-44
1,4-Bis(isopropylamino)anthraquinone C20H22N2O2 322.41 B-45, C-107
1,4-Bis(methylamino)anthraquinone C16H14N2O2 266.30 B-46, C-92, C-93
1,4-Bis(octadecylamino)anthraquinone C50H82N2O2 743.21 B-47
1,4-Bis(octylamino)anthraquinone C30H42N2O2 462.67 B-48–B-51
1,4-Bis(pentylamino)anthraquinone C24H30N2O2 378.51 B-52
1,4-Bis(prop-2 0 -enyloxy)anthraquinone C20H16O4 320.34 B-53
1,4-Bis(propylamino)anthraquinone C20H22N2O2 322.41 B-55
1,8-Bis(prop-2 0 -enyloxy)anthraquinone C20H16O4 320.34 B-54
2,4-Bis(isopropylamino)-6-methylthio- C10H19N5S 241.36 P-116, P-117
1,3,5-triazine
N-[5-[Bis[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]amino]-2-[(2- C24H27BrN6O10 639.42 C-100–C-102
bromo-4,6-initrophenyl) azo]-4-
ethoxyphenyl]acetamide

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

N-[5-[Bis[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl]amino]-2-[(2- C23H25BrN6O10 625.38 C-102–C-103

bromo-4,6-initrophenyl) azo]-4-
methoxyphenyl]acetamide
N-[5-[Bis[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl] amino]-2- C22H24N6O9 516.46 C-144
[(2,4-initrophenyl)azo]
phenyl]acetamide
N-[5-[Bis[2-(acetyloxy)ethyl] amino]-2- C23H26ClN5O7 519.93 C-140
[(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo]
phenyl]propanamide
N,N 0 -Bis(4,6-di-tert- C32H48N2O2 492.74 B-81
butylsalicylidene)ethylenediamine
N,N 0 -Bis(salicylidene)-1,2- C16H16N2O2 268.31 S-1
ethanediamine
Bisacodyl C22H19NO4 361.39 B-39
Bismuth tris(diehtyldithiocarbamate) C15H30BiN3S6 N/A M-12, M-13
Bismuth tris[bis(trifluoroethyl)- C15H12F18BiN3S6 N/A M-12, M-13
dithiocarbamate]
Bisphenol A-type epoxy resin N/A N/A P-102
Bitumen N/A N/A B-57, B-58
Bitumen Cut 1 N/A 201.00 B-59
Bitumen Cut 2 N/A 304.00 B-60
Bitumen Cut 3 N/A 572.00 B-61
Blackcurrant seed oil N/A N/A B-62
Black pepper essential oil N/A N/A B-63
rac-Boc-Piperazine C14H27N3O3 285.39 B-65
(S)-Boc-Piperazine C14H27N3O3 285.39 B-64
2-Bornanone C10H16O 152.23 C-13
Brassylic Acid C13H24O4 244.33 B-66
Bromobenzene C6H5Br 157.01 B-67
4-(6-Bromo-2,4-dinitrophenylazo)-3- C23H25BrN6O10 625.38 C-103, C-104
acetylamino-6-methoxy-N-
bis(acetoxyethyl)aniline
N-[2-[(2-Bromo-4,6-dinitrophenyl)azo]- C19H21BrN6O6 509.31 C-110
5-(diethylamino)-4-methoxy
phenyl]acetamide
1-Butanol C4H10O 74.12 B-69
n-Butanol C4H10O 74.12 B-68–B-70
(S)-tert-Butyl 3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)- C14H27N3O3 285.39 B-64
piperazine-1-carboxylate
Butyl acetate C6H12O2 116.16 B-71, B-72
Butyl alcohol C4H10O 74.12 B-68, B-69
Butyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C11H12Cl2O2 247.12 B-76
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium C8H15N2 $ F6P 284.18 B-77, B-78
hexafluorophosphate
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium C8H15N2 $ BF4 226.02 B-79
tetrafluoroborate
2-tert-Butylphenol C10H14O 150.22 B-80
tert-Butyl-salen C32H48N2O2 492.74 B-81
p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene C44H56O4 648.94 B-73
p-tert-Butylcalix[6]arene C66H84O6 973.40 B-74

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

p-tert-Butylcalix[8]arene C88H112O8 1297.87 B-75

C. I. Disperse Black 9 C16H20N4O2 300.36 C-89
C. I. Disperse Blue 3 C17H16N2O3 296.32 C-90, C-91
C. I. Disperse Blue 14 C16H14N2O2 266.30 B-46, C-92, C-93
C. I. Disperse Blue 27 C22H16N2O7 420.37 C-94
C. I. Disperse Blue 60 C20H17N3O5 379.37 C-95–C-97
C. I. Disperse Blue 60S N/A 379.00 C-98
C. I. Disperse Blue 77 C20H12N2O6 376.32 C-99
C. I. Disperse Blue 79 C24H27BrN6O10 639.42 C-100–C-102
C. I. Disperse Blue 79:1 C23H25BrN6O10 625.38 C-103–C-104
C. I. Disperse Blue 99 C20H17N3O5 379.37 C-95–C-97
C. I. Disperse Blue 102 C15H19N5O4S 365.41 C-105
C. I. Disperse Blue 118 C20H14N2O4 346.34 C-106
C. I. Disperse Blue 134 C20H22N2O2 322.40 B-45, C-107, C-108
C. I. Disperse Blue 165:1 C19H19N7O5 425.40 C-109
C. I. Disperse Blue 291 C19H21BrN6O6 509.31 C-110
C. I. Disperse Blue 354 C31H37N3O2S 515.71 C-111
C. I. Disperse Brown 22 N/A 399.00 C-112
C. I. Disperse Orange 1 N/A N/A C-113
C. I. Disperse Orange 3 C12H10N4O2 242.24 C-113–C-115
C. I. Disperse Orange 11 C15H11NO2 237.26 A-32, C-116, C-117
C. I. Disperse Orange 13 C22H16N4O 352.39 C-118
C. I. Disperse Orange 25 C17H17N5O2 323.35 C-113, C-119
C. I. Disperse Orange 30 C19H17Cl2N5O4 450.27 C-113, C-120, C-121
C. I. Disperse Orange 33 N/A N/A C-122
C. I. Disperse Red 1 C16H18N4O3 314.35 C-123–C-125
C. I. Disperse Red 9 C15H11NO2 237.25 C-126
C. I. Disperse Red 11 C15H12N2O3 268.27 C-127
C. I. Disperse Red 13 C16H17ClN4O3 348.79 C-128
C. I. Disperse Red 30 C16H17ClN4O4 364.78 C-129
C. I. Disperse Red 60 C20H13NO4 331.33 C-113, C-130–C-135
C. I. Disperse Red 82 C21H21N5O6 439.43 C-136
C. I. Disperse Red 137 N/A 430.00 C-137
C. I. Disperse Red 152 C19H17Cl2N5S 418.34 C-138
C. I. Disperse Red 153 C18H15N5SCl2 404.32 C-139
C. I. Disperse Red 167 C23H26ClN5O7 519.93 C-140
C. I. Disperse Red 324 N/A 426.00 C-141, C-142
C. I. Disperse Red W-4BS N/A 469.00 C-143
C. I. Disperse Violet 91 C22H24N6O9 516.46 C-144
C. I. Disperse Yellow 7 C19H16N4O 316.36 C-145, C-146
C. I. Disperse Yellow 16 C16H14N4O 278.31 C-108, C-147
C. I. Disperse Yellow 42 C18H15N3O4S 369.39 C-148
C. I. Disperse Yellow 54 C18H11NO3 289.28 C-149
C. I. Disperse Yellow 82 C20H19N3O2 333.38 C-150
C. I. Disperse Yellow 86 C16H19N3O5S 365.40 C-151
C. I. Disperse Yellow 108 N/A 429.00 C-152
C. I. Disperse Yellow 119 C15H13O4N5 327.30 C-153
C. I. Food Orange 5 C40H56 536.87 C-29–C-40
C. I. Modified Yellow 119 C15H12ClN5O4 361.74 C-154
C. I. Mordant Brown C10H7NO2 173.17 C-155

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

C. I. Mordant Red 11 C14H8O4 240.22 C-156

C. I. Mordant Yellow 12 C13H10N3NaO3 279.23 C-157
C. I. Pigment Red 1 C16H11N3O3 293.28 P-18
C. I. Solvent Blue 14 C24H30N2O2 378.51 B-52
C. I. Solvent Blue 35 C22H26N2O2 350.46 B-40, B-41, C-161
C. I. Solvent Blue 105 C18H18N2O2 294.35 B-43
C. I. Solvent Brown 1 C16H14N4 262.31 C-162
C. I. Solvent Orange 86 C14H8O4 240.21 D-44, D-45
C. I. Solvent Yellow 7 C12H10N2O 198.22 H-48, H-49
C. I. Solvent Yellow 114 C18H11NO3 289.28 C-149
Cafesterol C20H28O3 316.43 C-1
Cafestol C20H28O3 316.43 C-1
Caffeic acid C9H8O4 180.16 C-2
Caffeine C8H10N4O2 194.19 C-3–C-11
Calciferol C28H44O 396.65 V-7, V-8
Calix[4]arene C28H24O4 424.49 C-12
Calix[4]arene-25,26,27,28-tetrol C28H24O4 424.49 C-12
Camphor C10H16O 152.23 C-13
Canola oil N/A N/A C-14
Capric alcohol C10H22O 158.28 D-9
Caproic acid C6H12O2 116.16 H-26, H-27
6-Caprolactam C10H19NO 169.27 C-15
Capsaicin C18H27NO3 305.41 C-16–C-18
Carbamazepine C15H12N2O 236.27 C-19, C-20
Carbamazepine Polymorph I C15H12N2O 236.27 C-21
Carbamazepine Polymorph III C15H12N2O 236.27 C-21
Carbazole C12H9N 167.21 A-61, A-63, C-22,
C-23, P-68
N-Carbobenzoxy aspartic acid C12H13NO6 267.24 C-24
N-Carbobenzoxyproline C13H15NO4 249.26 C-25
N-Carbobenzoxyvaline C13H17NO4 251.28 C-26
4-Carbomethoxy phenol C8H8O3 152.15 M-53
Carbonyl(h5-cyclopentadienyl)- C24H20CoOP 413.31 C-27
(triphenylphosphine)cobalt
Carbonyl-p-cyclopentadienyl- C24H20CoOP 413.31 C-27
(triphenylphosphine)cobalt
Carbonyl-p-cyclopentadienyl- C33H45CoOPSi3 630.87 C-28
(tris(4-trimethylsilylphenyl)
phosphine)cobalt
Carbonyldiiodo(h5-Cyclopenta- C6H5CoI2O 405.85 C-213
dienyl)cobalt
Carbonyldiiodo(h5-Trimethylsilyl C9H13CoI2OSi 477.82 C-214
cyclopentadienyl)cobalt
2-Carboxyaniline C7H7NO2 137.14 A-25, A-26
2-Carboxypyrazine C5H4N2O2 124.10 P-128
3-Carboxypyridine C6H5NO2 123.11 N-67, N-68, N-69,
N-70, N-71
b-Carotene C40H56 536.87 C-29–C-40
b,b-Carotene C40H56 536.87 C-29–C-40
Carvacrol C10H14O 150.22 C-41

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

L-Carvone C10H14O 150.22 C-42

(R)-(K)-Carvone C10H14O 150.22 C-42
Castor oil N/A N/A C-43
Catechaldehyde C7H6O3 138.12 P-126
Catechin C15H14O6 290.27 C-44
(C)-Catechin C15H14O6 290.27 C-44
Catechol C6H6O2 110.11 P-138, P-139
Ce(thd)4 C44H76CeO8 873.20 C-45
Ce(tod)4 C44H76CeO8 873.20 C-46
Cerium tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C44H76CeO8 873.20 C-45
heptanedionate)
Cerium tetrakis(2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5- C44H76CeO8 873.20 C-46
octanedionate)
Cetyl alcohol C16H34O 242.44 C-47–C-51
Cetyl behenate C38H76O2 565.01 P-14
Chloramphenicol C11H12Cl2N2O5 323.13 C-52
Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 112.56 C-53
Chloro(h5-cyclopentadienyl)- C5H5ClMoO2 228.48 C-213
dioxomolybdenum
Chloro(h5-Trimethylsilylcyclo- C8H13Cl2MoO2Si 336.91 C-214
pentadienyl)dioxomolybdenum
2-Chlorobiphenyl C12H9Cl 188.66 C-54–C-56
4-Chlorobiphenyl C12H9Cl 188.66 C-57–C-59
4-Chlorophenol C6H5ClO 128.56 C-61
p-Chlorophenol C6H5ClO 128.56 C-61
2-Chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-1,3,5- C7H12ClN5 201.66 S-4
triazine
2-Chloro-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)- C9H16ClN5 229.71 P-121
1,3,5-triazine
2-Chloro-4-ethylamino-6- C8H14ClN5 215.68 A-76, A-77, A-78
isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine
2-Chloro-1-methylbenzene C7H7Cl 126.58 C-60
2-Chloro-1,3-pyrimidine C4H3ClN2 114.53 C-63
5-(4-Chloro-2-nitrophenylazo)- C15H12ClN5O4 361.74 C-154
3-cyano-1-ethyl-6-hydroxy-
4-methyl-1H-pyridin-2-one
6-Chloro-1,2a-methylene-6-dehydro-17a- C24H29ClO4 416.94 C-216
hydroxyprogesterone acetate
7-Chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-3H- C16H13ClN2O 284.74 D-13
1,4-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one
7-Chloro-2 0 ,4,6-trimethoxy-6 0 - C17H17ClO6 352.77 G-10
methylspiro[benzofuran-2(3H),1 0 -
[2]cyclohexene]-3,4 0 -dione
9a-Chloro-16b-methylprednisolone 17,21- C28H37ClO7 521.04 B-2
dipropionate
2,2 0 -[[4-[(2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)- C16H17ClN4O4 364.78 C-129
azo]phenyl]imino]bisethanol
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl- C16H22ClN3O 307.82 T-3
3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol
Chlorophyllian pigments N/A N/A C-62

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

2-Chloropyrimidine C4H3ClN2 114.53 C-63

Chlorothalonil C8Cl4N2 265.91 T-15
Cholecalciferol C27H44O 384.64 V-9, V-10
Cholest-5-en-3b-ol C27H46O 386.65 C-64–C-74
Cholesterol C27H46O 386.65 C-64–C-74, C-79,P-113
Cholesterol acetate C29H48O2 428.69 C-75
Cholesterol benzoate C34H50O2 490.76 C-76, C-77
Cholesterol butanoate C31H52O2 456.74 C-78
Cholesterol butyrate C31H52O2 456.74 C-78
Cholesteryl acetate C29H48O2 428.69 C-75
Cholesteryl benzoate C34H50O2 490.76 C-76, C-77
Cholesteryl butyrate C31H52O2 456.74 C-78
Chromium cis-tris(1,1,1-trifluoro- C15H12CrF9O6 511.24 C-83
acetylacetonate)
Chromium trans-tris(1,1,1- C15H12CrF9O6 511.24 C-84
trifluoroacetylacetonate)
Chromium tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21CrO6 349.32 C-80, M-13
Chromium tris(3-bromoacetylacetonate) C15H18Br3CrO6 586.01 C-81
Chromium tris(hexafluoro- C15H3CrF18O6 N/A M-13
acetylacetonate)
Chromium tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane- C33H57CrO6 601.81 C-82
3,5-dionate)
Chrysene C18H12 228.29 C-85–C-88
Cineole C10H18O 154.25 C-158, C-159
1,8-Cineole C10H18O 154.25 C-158, C-159
trans-Cinnamic acid C9H8O2 148.16 C-160
Citral C10H16O 152.23 C-163, C-164, L-19
Clove buds extract N/A N/A C-165
Co(acac)2 C10H14CoO4 257.15 C-166
Co(acac)3 C15H21CoO6 356.26 C-168
Co(hfa)2 C10H2CoF12O4 473.03 C-167
Cobalt bis(acetylacetonate) C10H14CoO4 257.15 C-166
Cobalt bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) C10H2CoF12O4 473.03 C-167
Cobalt tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21CoO6 356.26 C-168
Cobalt tris(diethyldithiocarbamate) C15H30CoN3S6 N/A M-12, M-13
Cobalt tris[bis(trifluoroethyl)- C15H12CoF18N3S6 N/A M-12, M-13, M-15
dithiocarbamate]
Cocoa Butter N/A N/A C-169, C-170
Codeine C18H21NO3 299.36 C-171
Coenzyme Q10 C59H90O4 863.34 C-172
Copper bis(acetylacetonate) C10H14CuO4 261.76 C-173–C-176
Copper bis(acetylacetonate) dihydrate C10H14CoO4$2H2O 293.18 C-177
Copper bis[bis(trifluoroethyl)- C10H8CuF12N2S4 575.95 C-189, M-12, M-13,
dithiocarbamate] M-15
Copper bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate) C18H36CuN2S4 472.28 C-189
Copper bis(diethyldithiocarbamate) C10H20CuN2S4 360.07 C-189, M-12, M-13
Copper bis(dihexyldithiocarbamate) C26H52CuN2S4 584.50 C-189
Copper bis(dipentyldithiocarbamate) C22H44CuN2S4 528.39 C-189
Copper bis(dipropyldithiocarbamate) C14H28CuN2S4 416.18 C-189
Copper bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) C10H2CoF12O4 N/A M-13

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Copper bis(thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) C16H8CuF6O4S2 505.89 C-185

Copper bis(2,6-dimethylheptane- C18H30CuO4 373.98 C-178
3,5-dionate)
Copper bis(5,5-dimethylhexane- C16H26CuO4 345.93 C-179
2,4-dionate)
Copper bis(1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluoro- C10H2CuF12O4 477.65 C-180
acetylacetonate)
Copper bis(1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluoro- C10H2CuF12O4$ 495.67 C-181, C-182
acetylacetonate) hydrate H2O
Copper bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane- C22H38CuO4 430.09 C-183, C-184
3,5-dionate)
Copper bis(1,1,1-trifluoroacetyl- C10H8CuF6O4 369.71 C-186
acetonate)
Copper bis(1,1,1-trifluoro-4-phenylbutane- C20H12CuF6O4 493.85 C-187
2,4-dionate)
Copper bis(2,2,7-trimethyloctane- C22H38CuO4 430.09 C-188
3,5-dionate)
Copper pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate C10H16CuN2S4 356.04 C-189
Copper(II) hydrogen arsenate AsHCuO4 203.47 C-190
Cortisol C21H30O5 362.46 H-33
Cortisone 21-acetate C23H30O6 402.48 C-191
Cortisone acetate C23H30O6 402.48 C-191
2-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-192, C-193
3-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-194, C-195
4-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-196–C-199
o-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-192, C-193
m-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-194, C-195
p-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-196–C-199
Coumarin C9H6O2 146.14 C-200, C-201
Cr(acac)3 C15H21CrO6 349.32 C-80
Cr(acac-Br)3 C15H18Br3CrO6 586.01 C-81
cis-Cr(tfa)3 C15H12CrF9O6 511.24 C-83
trans-Cr(tfa)3 C15H12CrF9O6 511.24 C-84
Cr(thd)3 C33H57CrO6 601.81 C-82
4-Cresol C7H8O 108.14 C-202
p-Cresol C7H8O 108.14 C-202
Cu(acac)2 C10H14CuO4 261.76 C-173–C-176
Cu(dibm)2 C18H30CuO4 373.98 C-178
Cu(dmhd)2 C16H26CuO4 345.93 C-179
Cu(hfa)2 C10H2CuF12O4 477.65 C-180
Cu(hfa)2$H2O C10H2CuF12O4$ 495.67 C-181, C-182
H2O
Cu(tfa)2 C10H8CuF6O4 369.71 C-186
Cu(tfbzm)2 C20H12CuF6O4 493.85 C-187
Cu(thd)2 C22H38CuO4 430.09 C-183, C-184
Cu(tod)2 C22H38CuO4 430.09 C-188
Cupuacu seed fat N/A N/A C-203
Cyanobenzene C7H5N 103.12 B-28
N-[2-[(2-Cyano-4,6-dinitrophenyl)azo]- C19H19N7O5 425.40 C-109
5-(diethylamino)phenyl] acetamide

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

4-[N-(2-Cyanoethyl)-N-ethylamino]- C17H17N5O2 323.35 C-113, C-119

4 0 -nitroazobenzene
2-Cyanonaphthalene C11H7N 153.18 C-204
1-Cyanooctadecane C19H37N 279.50 N-87
b-Cyclodextrin heneicosaacetate C84H112O56 2017.75 C-206
a-Cyclodextrin octadecaacetate C72H96O48 1729.50 C-205
g-Cyclodextrin tetracosaacetate C96H128O64 2306.03 C-207
1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene C12H18 162.27 C-209
Cyclododecene C12H22 166.30 C-208
Cyclohexanol C6H10O 98.14 C-210
Cyclohexanone C6H12O 100.16 C-211
Carbonyl(h5-cyclopentadienyl) [tris(4- C33H45CoOPSi3 630.87 C-28
trimethylsilylphenyl)phosphine] cobalt
Cyclopentadienylmanganese tricarbonyl C8H5MnO3 204.06 C-212
Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine C3H6N6O6 222.12 C-215
Cyproterone acetate C24H29ClO4 416.94 C-216, M-5
2,4-D C8H6Cl2O3 221.04 D-32–D-35, P-43
Danthron C14H8O4 240.21 D-46–D-48
DDT C14H9Cl5 354.49 B-56, D-1
4,4 0 -DDT C14H9Cl5 354.49 B-56
Decahydro-3,5,1,7-[1,2,3,4]buta- C14H20 188.31 D-12
netetraylnaphthalene
Decahydronaphthalene C10H18 138.25 D-2
Decalin C10H18 138.25 D-2
(all-E)K2-(3,7,11,15,19,23, 27,31, C59H90O4 863.34 C-172
35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,
26,30,
34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-
dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzo quinone
Decamethylene glycol C10H22O2 174.28 D-7
Decane C10H22 142.28 D-3–D-6
1,10-Decanediol C10H22O2 174.28 D-7, D-8
1-Decanol C10H22O 158.28 D-9
Decyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C17H24Cl2O2 331.28 D-10
Decyl alcohol C10H22O 158.28 D-9
9,10-Deepithio-9,10- C44H68O13 805.00 O-20
didehydroacanthifolicin
1,2-Dehydrocortisone C21H26O5 358.43 P-110
1,2-Dehydrohydrocortisone C21H28O5 360.44 P-109
3-[(6-Deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]- C21H20O9 416.38 F-44
1,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl anthaquinone
Dextrose C6H12O6 180.16 G-4, G-5
[3,5-Di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]dibenzo- C29H26F6O8 616.51 L-2
16-crown-5-oxyacetic acid
Diacetoxyscirpenol C19H26O7 366.41 D-11
Diadamantane C14H20 188.31 D-12
Diamantane C14H20 188.31 D-12
1,4-Diamino-2-methoxyanthraquinone C15H12N2O3 268.27 C-127
2,6-Diamino-3-phenylazopyridine C11H11N5 213.24 P-74

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

1,4-Diaminoanthraquinone, N,N 0 -mixed C17H16N2O3 296.32 C-90, C-91

2-hydroxyethyl and methyl derivatives
1,4-Diamino-N-(3-methoxypropyl)- C20H17N3O5 379.37 C-95–C-97
anthraquinone-2,3-dicarboximide
9,10-Diazaanthracene C12H8N2 180.21 P-73
4,5-Diazaphenanthrene C12H8N2 180.21 P-72
Diazepam C16H13ClN2O 284.74 D-13
5H-Dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide C15H12N2O 236.27 C-19–C-21
Dibenz[de,kl]anthracene C20H12 252.31 P-40–P-42
1,2,3,4-Dibenznaphthalene C18H12 228.29 T-92, T-93
Dibenzo-16-crown-5-oxyacetic acid C21H24O8 404.42 L-2
Dibenzo-24-Crown-8 C24H32O8 448.51 D-14
Dibenzo-27-Crown-9 C26H36O9 492.56 D-15
Dibenzo-30-Crown-10 C28H40O10 536.61 D-16
Dibenzofuran C12H8O 168.19 D-17
Dibenzopyrazine C12H8N2 180.21 P-73
Dibenzopyrrole C12H9N 167.21 C-22, C-23
Dibenzothiophene C12H8S 184.26 D-18
Dibenzoylmethane C15H12O2 224.25 D-19
Dicaprylyl ether C16H34O 242.44 D-83
3,4-Dichloraniline C6H5Cl2N 162.02 P-43
2,2 0 -Dichloro-1,1 0 -biphenyl C12H8Cl2 223.10 D-22–D-24
4,4 0 -Dichloro-1,1 0 -biphenyl C12H8Cl2 223.10 D-25–D-28
2,4-Dichloro-1-naphthalenol C10H6Cl2O 213.06 D-30
2,4-Dichloro-1-naphthol C10H6Cl2O 213.06 D-30
3-[[4-[[5,6(or 6,7)-Dichloro-2- C18H15N5SCl2 404.32 C-139
benzothiazolyl]azo]phenyl]-
ethylamino] propanenitrile
3-[[4-[[5,6(or 6,7)-Dichloro-2- C19H17Cl2N5S 418.34 C-138
benzothiazolyl]azo]-3-methylphenyl]-
ethylamino]propanenitrile
4-[(2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-N- C19H17Cl2N5O4 450.27 C-113, C-120, C-121
(cyanoethyl)-N-(acetoxyethyl) aniline
3,4-Dichlorobenzenamine C6H5Cl2N 162.02 P-43
1,2-Dichlorobenzene C6H4Cl2 147.00 D-21
2,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid 3,3,4,4,5,5, C15H7Cl2F13O2 537.10 T-61
6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl ester
2,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid butyl ester C11H12Cl2O2 247.12 B-76
2,5-Dichlorobenzoic acid n-propyl ester C10H10Cl2O2 233.09 P-123
2,2 0 -Dichlorobiphenyl C12H8Cl2 223.10 D-22–D-24
4,4 0 -Dichlorobiphenyl C12H8Cl2 223.10 D-25–D-28
Dichlorobis(triphenylphos- C36H30Cl2NiP2 654.20 D-29
phine)nickel(II)
Dichlorobis(h5-cyclopentadienyl)- C10H10Cl2Ti 249.00 T-43
titanium
Dichlorobis(h5-cyclopentadienyl)- C10H10Cl2Zr 292.32 C-213
zirconium
Dichlorobis[h5-(trimethylsilyl)- C16H26Cl2Si2Zr 434.00 C-214
cyclopentadienyl]zirconium

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

4,4 0 -Dichlorodiphenyl- C14H9Cl5 354.49 D-1

trichloroethane
2,2-Dichloro-N-((1R,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy- C11H12Cl2N2O5 323.13 C-52
1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-yl)-
acetamide
2,2-Dichloro-N-[(1S,2R)- C12H14Cl2FNO4S 358.21 F-32
1-(fluoromethyl)-2-hydroxy-2-
[4-(methyl sulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl]-
acetamide
2,2-Dichloro-N-[2-hydroxy- C12H15Cl2NO5S 356.22 T-39
1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[4-(methyl-
sulfonyl) phenyl]ethyl]-
acetamide
2,4-Dichlorophenol C6H4Cl2O 163.00 D-31
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid C8H6Cl2O3 221.04 D-32–D-35, P-43
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy ethanoic acid C8H6Cl2O3 221.04 D-32–D-35
2-[4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]- C15H12Cl2O4 327.16 P-43
propanoic acid
3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- C9H10Cl2N2O2 249.09 P-43
1-methoxy-1-methylurea
1-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2- C18H14Cl4N2O 416.12 M-55
[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl]-
1H-imidazole
Diclofenac Sodium C14H11Cl2NO2$Na 318.13 D-36
Diclofop C15H12Cl2O4 327.16 P-43
Diclofopmethyl C16H14Cl2O4 341.19 P-43
Didodecanoyl glycerol C27H52O5 456.70 D-58
Didodecylamine C24H51N 353.67 D-37
Didodecylphosphine C24H51P 370.64 D-38
Didodecylsulfane C24H50S 370.72 D-39
Didodecylthioether C24H50S 370.72 D-39
Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate C12H14O4 222.24 D-42
Diethyl methyl carbinol C6H14O 102.17 M-51
Diethyl phthalate C12H14O4 222.24 D-42
Diethylamine diethyldithio- C5H11NS2$C4H11N 222.41 D-40
carbamate
2-(Diethylamino)-2 0 ,6 0 -acetoxylidide C14H22N2O 234.34 L-9
2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)- C14H22N2O 234.34 L-9
acetamide
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl-4-aminobenzoate C13H20N2O2 236.31 P-111
N,N 0 -Diethylcarbanilide C17H20N2O 268.35 E-16
N,N-Diethyl-N,N 0 -diphenylurea C17H20N2O 268.35 E-16
N,N-Diethyldithiocarbamic acid C5H11NS2$C4H11N 222.41 D-40
diethylamine salt
3(6),3 0 (6 0 )-Difluorodibenzo-16-crown- C21H22F2O8 440.40 L-2
5-oxyacetic acid
Dihexyl(diethylcarbamoyl)methyl- C18H38NO4P 363.47 D-43
phosphonate
Dihexyl-(N,N-diethylcarbamoyl)- C18H38NO4P 363.47 D-43
methylphosphonate

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

N,N-Dihexyl-1-hexanamine C18H39N 269.51 T-66

[2-[[4-(Dihexylamino)-2-methylphenyl] C31H37N3O2S 515.71 C-111
methylene]-1,1-dioxidobenzo[b]thien-
3(2H)-ylidene] propanedinitrile
1,2-Dihydroacenaphthylene C12H10 154.21 A-1, A-2
1,4-Dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3- C21H26N2O7 418.44 N-74
nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylic
acid 2-methoxyethyl 1-methylethyl ester
1,4-Dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4- C18H20N2O6 360.36 N-75
(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridine-
dicarboxylic acid ethyl methyl ester
[2R[2R*(4R*,8R*)]]-3,4-Dihydro-2,8- C27H46O2 402.65 T-49, T-50
dimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyl tridecyl)-
2H-benzopyran-6-ol
3,7-Dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine- C7H8N4O2 180.16 T-30–T-34
2,6-dione
3,4-Dihydro-5-methoxy-1(2H)- C11H12O2 176.21 M-28
naphthalenone
3,4-Dihydro-6-methoxy-1(2H)- C11H12O2 176.21 M-29
naphthalenone
3,4-Dihydro-7-methoxy-1(2H)- C11H12O2 176.21 M-30
naphthalenone
(2R)-3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2- C29H50O2 430.71 T-44–T-48
[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyl tridecyl]-
2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol
1,8-Dihydroxyanthracen-9(10H)-one C14H10O3 226.23 D-49
1,2-Dihydroxyanthraquinone C14H8O4 240.22 C-156
1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone C14H8O4 240.21 D-44, D-45
1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone C14H8O4 240.21 D-46–D-48
1,8-Dihydroxyanthrone C14H10O3 226.23 D-49
1,8-Dihydroxy-9-anthrone C14H10O3 226.23 D-49
3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde C7H6O3 138.12 P-126
1,3-Dihydroxybenzene C6H6O2 110.11 R-3
o-Dihydroxybenzene C6H6O2 110.11 D-50
m-Dihydroxybenzene C6H6O2 110.11 D-50
p-Dihydroxybenzene C6H6O2 110.11 D-50
3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacrylic acid C9H8O4 180.16 C-2
2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O4 154.12 G-2
3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O4 154.12 P-127
1,8-Dihydroxy-2,7-bis (prop-1 0 -enyl)- C20H16O4 320.34 D-51
anthraquinone
3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid C9H8O4 180.16 C-2
6,7-Dihydroxycoumarin C9H6O4 178.14 A-21
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone C15H10O4 254.24 D-52
1,8-Dihydroxy-4-(pK2-hydroxy- C22H16N2O7 420.37 C-94
ethylanilino)-5-nitroanthra-
quinone
1,4-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-9H- C14H10O3S 258.29 D-53
thioxanthen-9-one
1,4-Dihydroxy-3-methylthioxanthone C14H10O3S 258.29 D-53

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

7,8-Dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4-benzopyrone C15H10O4 254.24 D-52

17,21-Dihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene- C21H26O5 358.43 P-110
3,11,20-trione
1,8- Dihydroxy-2-(prop-2 0 -enyl)- C17H14O3 266.30 D-54
anthracen-9-one
1,8- Dihydroxy-2-(prop-2 0 -enyl)anthrone C17H14O3 266.30 D-54
1,6-Dihydroxyxanthen-9-one C13H8O4 228.20 D-55
1,6-Dihydroxyxanthone C13H8O4 228.20 D-55
Diiodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone C8H8I2O2S 422.02 D-56
Diisodecyl phosphoric acid C20H43O4P 378.53 D-57
Dilaurin C27H52O5 456.70 D-58
Dilaurylamine C24H51N 353.67 D-37
Dilaurylphosphine C24H51P 370.64 D-38
1,2-Dimethoxybenzene C8H10O2 138.16 D-59
1,4-Dimethoxybenzene C8H10O2 138.16 D-60
2,4-Dimethoxy-6-sulfonylamido- C12H14N4O4S 310.33 S-39, S-40
1,3-diazine
2,6-Dimethoxy-4-sulfanilamido- C12H14N4O4S 310.33 S-39, S-40
pyrimidine
Dimethyl 2H-1-benzopyran- C13H12O5 284.23 D-64
2,3-dicarboxylate
Dimethyl 6-bromo-2HK1-benzopyran- C13H11BrO5 327.13 D-65
2,3-dicarboxylate
Dimethyl 6-bromo-2H-chromene- C13H11BrO5 327.13 D-65
2,3-dicarboxylate
Dimethyl 3H-benzo[f]chromene- C17H14O5 298.29 D-76
2,3-dicarboxylate
Dimethyl 2H-chromene- C13H12O5 284.23 D-64
2,3-dicarboxylate
Dimethyl 3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran- C17H14O5 298.29 D-76
2,3-dicarboxylate
3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol C10H18O 154.25 L-21, L-22
3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal C10H16O 152.23 C-163, C-164, L-19
N1-(4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)- C12H14N4O2S 278.33 S-42, S-43
sulfanilamide
2,8-Dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-methano- C17H18N2 250.34 T-104
dibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine
(all-E)K3,7-Dimethyl-9- C20H30O 286.45 R-5
(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-
2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene C14H15N3 225.29 D-61, D-62
p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene C14H15N3 225.29 D-61, D-62
5-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-10,11- C19H24N2HCl 316.87 I-1
dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine
hydrochloride
2,5-Dimethylaniline C8H11N 121.18 D-63
2,5-Dimethylbenzenamine C8H11N 121.18 D-63
2-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)phenol C10H14O 150.22 B-80
2,3-Dimethylhexane C8H18 114.23 D-66
N,N-Dimethylindoaniline C14H14N2O 226.27 P-77, P-78

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

2,3-Dimethylnaphthalene C12H12 156.22 D-67–D-69, N-27,

P-69
2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene C12H12 156.22 D-69–D-74, N-28,
P-70
2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene C12H12 156.22 D-74, D-75
2,5-Dimethylphenol C8H10O 122.16 X-1
2,6-Dimethylphenol C8H10O 122.16 X-2
3,4-Dimethylphenol C8H10O 122.16 X-3
1,3-Dimethylxanthine C7H8N4O2 180.16 T-35–T-38
3,7-Dimethylxanthine C7H8N4O2 180.16 T-30–T-34
Di-n-dodecylamine C24H51N 353.67 D-37
2,4-Dinitrophenol C6H4N2O5 184.11 D-77
2,5-Dinitrophenol C6H4N2O5 184.11 D-78
Dinonyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate C26H42O4 418.61 D-79–D-82
Dinonyl phthalate C26H42O4 418.61 D-79–D-82
Dioctyl ether C16H34O 242.44 D-83
Dioctyl phthalate C24H38O4 390.56 D-84
Diolein C39H72O5 620.99 D-85
1,3-Diphenyl-1,3-propanedione C15H12O2 224.25 D-19
5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione C15H12N2O2 252.27 P-82
Diphenylamine C12H11N 169.22 D-86–D-88
N,N-Diphenylbenzenamine C18H15N 245.32 T-91
1,3-Diphenylbenzene C18H14 230.30 T-6
Diphenyldiazene C12H10N2 182.22 A-80, A-81
Diphenylene oxide C12H8O 168.19 D-17
Diphenylene sulfide C12H8S 184.26 D-18
1,2-Diphenylethane C14H14 182.26 B-34
5,5-Diphenylhydantoin C15H12N2O2 252.27 P-82
Diphenylmethane C13H12 168.23 D-89, N-29
Di-tert-butyl 3H-benzo[f]chromene- C23H26O5 382.46 D-20
2,3-dicarboxylate
Di-tert-butyl 3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran- C23H26O5 382.46 D-20
2,3-dicarboxylate
DMDT C16H15Cl3O2 345.65 M-22
Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester C24H36O2 356.54 D-90, D-91
(all-Z)-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic C24H36O2 356.54 D-90, D-91
acid ethyl ester
Docosane C22H46 310.60 D-92
Docosanoic acid C22H44O2 340.58 B-4–B-7
Docosyl docosanoate C44H88O2 649.17 B-8
6,7,9,10,12,13,20,21,23,24, C24H32O8 448.51 D-14
26,27-Dodecahydrodibenz[b,n]
[1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22]-
octaoxacyclotetracosin
Dodecane C12H26 170.33 D-93
Dodecanoic acid C12H24O2 200.32 L-4, L-5
Dodecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate C19H30O5 338.44 D-94
Dodecyl gallate C19H30O5 338.44 D-94
(S)-2-(Dodecylthio)-N-(4-hydroxy-2,3,5- C29H43NO2S 469.72 E-1
trimethylphenyl)-2-phenyl acetamide

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Dotriacontane C32H66 450.87 D-95–D-98

Eflucimibe C29H43NO2S 469.72 E-1
Eicosane C20H42 282.55 E-2, E-3
Eicosanoic acid C20H40O2 312.53 E-4
1-Eicosanol C20H42O 298.55 A-67, E-5
Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester C22H34O2 330.50 E-6
(all Z)-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic C22H34O2 330.50 E-6
acid ethyl ester
(all Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid C22H36O2 332.52 A-66
ethyl ester
Eicosatrienoic acid ethyl ester C22H38O2 334.54 E-7
Emodin C15H10O5 270.24 E-8
Endrin C12H8Cl6O 380.91 E-9
Epicatechin C15H14O6 290.27 E-10
Epicatechol C15H14O6 290.27 E-10
1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane C10H18O 154.25 C-158, C-159
12,13-Epoxytrichothec-9-ene-3a,4b, C19H26O7 366.41 D-11
15-triol 4,15-diacetate
Ergocalciferol C28H44O 396.65 V-7, V-8
(3b,22E)-Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol C28H44O 396.65 E-11, E-12
Ergosterol C28H44O 396.65 E-11, E-12, S-34
Erythromycin C37H67NO13 733.93 E-13
Esculetin C9H6O4 178.14 A-21
Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol C18H24O2 272.38 E-14, E-15
b-Estradiol C18H24O2 272.38 E-14, E-15
1,2-Ethanediol C2H6O2 62.07 E-17
4-(4-Ethoxyanilino)-N,N-dimethyl- C16H19N3O5S 365.40 C-151
3-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate C9H11NO2 165.19 B-11, B-12
Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate C9H10O3 166.17 H-76
Ethyl arachidonate C22H36O2 332.52 A-66
Ethyl centralite C17H20N2O 268.35 E-16
Ethyl docosahexaenoate C24H36O2 356.54 D-90, D-91
Ethyl eicosapentaenoate C22H34O2 330.50 E-6
Ethyl hexadecanoate C18H36O2 284.48 E-24, E-25
Ethyl myristate C16H32O2 256.42 E-21
Ethyl octadecanoate C20H40O2 312.53 E-26
Ethyl oleate C20H38O2 310.51 E-22, E-23
Ethyl palmitate C18H36O2 284.48 E-24, E-25
Ethyl stearate C20H40O2 312.53 E-26
3-[Ethyl[3-methyl-4-[(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)- C15H19N5O4S 365.41 C-105
azo]phenyl]amino]-1,2-propanediol
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol C8H18O 130.23 E-18, E-20
2-Ethyl-1-hydroxyanthracen-9(10H)-one C16H14O2 238.28 H-81
1-Ethyl-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-5-(2-nitro- C15H13O4N5 327.30 C-153
phenylazo)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-
pyridine-3-carbonitrile
2-Ethylamino-4-isopropylamino- C9H17N5O 211.26 A-75
6-methoxy-s-triazine

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

2-Ethylamino-4-isopropylamino- C9H17N5S 227.33 A-23, A-24

6-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine
a-Ethylcaproic acid C8H16O2 144.21 E-19
Ethylene glycol C2H6O2 62.07 E-17
a,a 0 -Ethylenedinitrilodi-o-cresol C16H16N2O2 268.31 S-1
2,2 0 -(Ethylenedioxy)diethanol C6H14O4 150.17 T-63, T-64
2-Ethylhexanoic Acid C8H16O2 144.21 E-19, E-20
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid C16H35O4P 322.42 D-41
N-Ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)- C16H18N4O3 314.35 C-123–C-125
4-[(p-nitrophenyl)azo]aniline
Eucalyptus leaves extract N/A N/A E-27
Eugenol C10H12O2 164.20 E-28
Ewe’s milk fat N/A N/A E-30
Fat Brown RR C16H14N4 262.31 C-162
Fe(acac)3 C15H21FeO6 353.17 I-4, I-5
Fe(thd)3 C33H57FeO6 605.65 I-6
Fe(tod)3 C33H57FeO6 605.65 I-7
Fenchone C10H16O 152.23 F-1
Ferrocene C10H10Fe 186.03 F-2–F-5
Ferulic acid C10H10O4 194.18 F-6–F-8
Fish liver oil (Cod) N/A N/A F-9, F-10
Fish liver oil (Deep Sea Shark) N/A N/A F-13
Fish liver oil (Orange Roughy Fish) N/A N/A F-11
Fish liver oil (Spiny Dogfish) N/A N/A F-12, F-13
Fish oil (Sand Eel) N/A N/A F-14
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-1) N/A N/A F-15
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-2) N/A N/A F-16
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-3) N/A N/A F-17
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-4) N/A N/A F-18
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-5) N/A N/A F-19
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-6) N/A N/A F-20
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-7) N/A N/A F-21
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-8) N/A N/A F-22
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-9) N/A N/A F-23
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-10) N/A N/A F-24
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-11) N/A N/A F-25
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-12) N/A N/A F-26
Fish oil ethyl esters (EE-13) N/A N/A F-27
Fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester N/A N/A F-28
Fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester, Omega 3 N/A N/A F-28
Concentrate
Fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester, Original N/A N/A F-28
FAEE
Fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester, Urea N/A N/A F-28, F-29
Fractionated
Flavon-3-ol C15H10O3 238.24 H-82
Flavone C15H10O2 222.24 F-30, F-31
Florfenicol C12H14Cl2FNO4S 358.21 F-32
Fluoranthene C16H10 202.25 A-3, F-33–F-35
9-Fluorenone C13H8O 180.20 F-41

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Fluoren-2-amine C13H11N 181.23 A-31

Fluoren-9-one C13H8O 180.20 F-41
Fluorene C13H10 166.22 F-27, F-36–F-40
9a-Fluoro-16b-methylprednisolone C22H29FO5 392.46 B-32
5-Fluoro-2,4-pyrimidinedione C4H3FN2O2 130.08 F-42
5-Fluorouracil C4H3FN2O2 130.08 F-42
2-Fluoro-a-methyl-4-biphenylacetic acid C15H13FO2 244.26 F-43
Flurbiprofen C15H13FO2 244.26 F-43
1-Formyl-2-naphthol C11H8O2 172.18 H-89
Frangulin A C21H20O9 416.38 F-44
D-Fructose C6H12O6 180.16 F-45
D-(K)-Fructose C6H12O6 180.16 F-45
Fungal oil N/A N/A F-46
b-D-Galactopyranose pentaacetate C16H22O11 390.34 P-21
b-D-Galactose pentaacetate C16H22O11 390.34 P-21
Gallic acid 3,5-dimethyl ether C9H10O5 198.17 S-46
Gallic acid dodecyl ester C19H30O5 338.44 D-94
Gallic acid methyl ester C8H8O5 184.15 M-39
Gallic acid propyl ester C10H12O5 212.20 P-124
Gallium tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21GaO6 367.05 G-1
Gentisic acid C7H6O4 154.12 G-2
Ginger rhizomes extract N/A N/A G-3
D-Glucopyranose pentaacetate C16H22O11 390.34 P-22
D-Glucose C6H12O6 180.16 G-4, G-5
D-(C)-Glucose C6H12O6 180.16 G-4, G-5
D-Glucose pentaacetate C16H22O11 390.34 P-22
Glycerin C3H8O3 92.09 G-6, G-7
Glycerin monolaurate C15H30O4 274.40 M-62
Glycerin monooleate C21H40O4 356.55 M-63, M-64
Glycerin tributyrate C15H26O6 302.36 T-53, T-54
Glycerin tridecanoate C33H62O6 554.84 T-55
Glycerin tridodexanoate C39H74O6 639.00 T-69, T-70
Glycerin trihexanoate C21H38O6 386.52 T-56
Glycerin trilinoleate C57H98O6 879.38 T-74
Glycerin trimyristate C45H86O6 723.16 T-75
Glycerin trioctanoate C27H50O6 470.68 T-57
Glycerin trioleate C57H104O6 885.43 T-82–T-86
Glycerin tripalmitate C51H98O6 807.32 T-87–T-90
Glycerin tristearate C57H110O6 891.48 T-102
Glycerol C3H8O3 92.09 G-6, G-7
Glycerol dilaurate C27H52O5 456.70 D-58
Glycerol dioeate C39H72O5 620.99 D-85
Glycerol monododecanoate C15H30O4 274.40 M-62
Glycerol monooleate C21H40O4 356.55 M-63, M-64
Glycerol tributanoate C15H26O6 302.36 T-53, T-54
Glycerol tricaprate C33H62O6 554.84 T-55
Glycerol tricaproate C21H38O6 386.52 T-56
Glycerol tricaprylate C27H50O6 470.68 T-57
Glycerol trihexadecanoate C51H98O6 807.32 T-87–T-90
Glycerol trilaurate C39H74O6 639.00 T-69, T-70

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Glycerol trilinoleate C57H98O6 879.38 T-74

Glycerol trioctadecanoate C57H110O6 891.48 T-102
Glycerol trioleate C57H104O6 885.43 T-82–T-86
Glycerol tritetradecanoate C45H86O6 723.16 T-75
Glycine C2H5NO2 75.07 G-8
Grape seed oil N/A N/A G-9
Griseofulvin C17H17ClO6 352.77 G-10
Heneicosane C21H44 296.58 H-1
2,2 0 ,3,4,4 0 ,5,5 0 -Heptachlorobiphenyl C12H3Cl7 395.32 H-2–H-4
Heptacosane C27H56 380.73 H-5
Heptadecane C17H36 240.47 H-6
Heptadecyl methyl ketone C19H38O 282.50 N-88
Hexabromocyclododecane C12H18Br6 641.73 H-7
Hexacarbonylmolybdenum C6MoO6 264.00 M-58
1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy- C12H8Cl6O 380.91 E-9
1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-endo-
1,4-endo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene
Hexachlorobenzene C6Cl6 284.78 H-8–H-10
2,2 0 ,3,3 0 ,4,4 0 -Hexachlorobiphenyl C12H4Cl6 360.88 H-11, H-12
2,2 0 ,4,4 0 ,5,5 0 -Hexachlorobiphenyl C12H4Cl6 360.88 H-13–H-15
g-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane C6H6Cl6 290.83 L-23
Hexachloroethane C2Cl6 236.74 H-16
Hexacosane C26H54 366.71 H-17, H-18
6,7,9,10,12,13,15,16,23,24,26,27, C28H40O10 536.61 D-16
29,30,32,33-Hexadecahydro
dibenzo[b,q][1,4,7,10,13,16,19,
22,25,28]decaoxacyclotriacontin
Hexadecane C16H34 226.44 H-19–H-21
Hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 256.42 P-6–P-13
1-Hexadecanol C16H34O 242.44 C-47–C-51
Hexadecyl docosanoate C38H76O2 565.01 P-14
N-Hexadecyl-7-nitro-4-benzofurazanamine C22H36N4O3 404.55 H-22
4-(Hexadecylamino)-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa- C22H36N4O3 404.55 H-22
1,3-diazole
(all E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyl- C30H50 410.72 S-13, S-14
2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene
Hexamethylbenzene C12H18 162.27 B-26, H-23–H-25
2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosane C30H62 422.81 S-7–S-12
Hexanoic Acid C6H12O2 116.16 H-26, H-27
1-Hexanoic Acid C6H12O2 116.16 H-26, H-27
1-Hexanol C6H14O 102.17 H-28
3-Hexanol C6H14O 102.17 H-29
Hexatriacontane C36H74 506.97 H-30–H-32
n-Hexyl alcohol C6H14O 102.17 H-28
Hydrocortisone C21H30O5 362.46 H-33
Hydroquinone C6H6O2 110.11 D-50, H-34–H-39
Hydroquinone dimethyl ether C8H10O2 138.16 D-60
4 0 -Hydroxyacetanilide C8H9NO2 151.16 A-4–A-6
4-Hydroxy-1,2-dimethylbenzene C8H10O 122.16 X-3
(G)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone C14H12O2 212.24 B-27

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

4-hydroxy-1,3-dimethylanthracen- C16H14O2 238.28 H-80

10(9H)-one
18b-Hydroxy-11,17a-dimethoxy-3b,20a- C33H40N2O9 608.68 R-2
yohimban-16b-carboxylic acid methyl
ester 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate
1-Hydroxy-2-(1-butoxymethyl)- C19H18O4 310.34 H-41
anthraquinone
1-Hydroxy-2-(1-propoxymethyl)- C18H16O4 293.23 H-47
anthraquinone
1-Hydroxy-2-(ethoxymethyl)- C17H14O4 282.29 H-42
anthraquinone
1-Hydroxy-2-(isobutoxymethyl)- C19H18O4 310.34 H-43
anthraquinone
1-Hydroxy-2-(methoxymethyl)- C16H12O4 268.26 H-44
anthraquinone
1-Hydroxy-2,4-dimethylanthrone C16H14O2 238.28 H-80
1-Hydroxy-2-ethylanthrone C16H14O2 238.28 H-81
1-Hydroxy-2-methylanthracen- C15H12O2 224.25 H-85
9(10H)-one
1-Hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone C15H10O3 238.25 H-84
1-Hydroxy-2-methylanthrone C15H12O2 224.25 H-85
4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridinyl- C15H13N3O4S 331.35 P-89
2HK1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide
1,1-dioxide
2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde C11H8O2 172.18 H-89
2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid C8H8O3 152.15 M-1
(G)-2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone C14H12O2 212.24 B-27
3-Hydroxy-2-phenylchromone C15H10O3 238.24 H-82
2-(3-Hydroxy-2-quinolyl)- C18H11NO3 289.28 C-149
1,3-indanedione
4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid C9H10O5 198.17 S-46
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde C8H8O3 152.15 V-3
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid C8H8O4 168.15 V-1, V-2
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid C10H10O4 194.18 F-6–F-8
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic C10H10O4 194.18 F-6–F-8
acid
1-Hydroxy-3-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one C14H10O3 226.23 H-88
1-Hydroxy-3-methylthioxanthen-9-one C14H10O2S 242.29 H-87
1-Hydroxy-3-methylthioxanthone C14H10O2S 242.29 H-87
1-Hydroxy-3-methylxanthone C14H10O3 226.23 H-88
1-Hydroxy-4-(prop-2-enyloxy)- C17H12O4 280.27 H-45
anthraquinone
7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one C10H8O3 176.17 H-86
7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin C10H8O3 176.17 H-86
1-Hydroxy-8-(prop-2-enyloxy)- C17H12O4 280.27 H-46
anthraquinone
1-Hydroxy-9H-thioxanthen-9-one C13H8O2S 228.27 H-92
1-Hydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one C13H8O3 212.20 H-93
17b-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one C19H28O2 288.42 T-7, T-8
2-Hydroxyanisole C7H8O2 124.14 M-26

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

1-Hydroxyanthraquinone C14H8O3 224.21 H-40

p-Hydroxyazobenzene C12H10N2O 198.22 H-48, H-49
a-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid C8H8O3 152.15 M-1
2-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O3 138.12 H-50–H-62
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O3 138.12 H-68–H-72
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O3 138.12 H-73–H-75
o-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O3 138.12 H-50–H-66
m-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O3 138.12 H-63, H-64,
H-66–H-72
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H6O3 138.12 H-65–H-67,
H-73–H-75
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester C9H10O3 166.17 H-76
2-Hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester C8H8O3 152.15 M-52
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester C10H12O3 180.20 P-125
(G)-2-Hydroxycaproic acid C6H12O3 132.16 H-83
4-Hydroxychromen-2-one C9H6O3 162.14 H-77
7-Hydroxychromen-2-one C9H6O3 162.14 H-78, C-79
2-Hydroxycinnamic acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-192, C-193
3-Hydroxycinnamic acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-194, C-195
4-Hydroxycinnamic acid C9H8O3 164.16 C-196–C-199
4-Hydroxycoumarin C9H6O3 162.14 H-77
7-Hydroxycoumarin C9H6O3 162.14 H-78, H-79
3-Hydroxyflavone C15H10O3 238.24 H-82
2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid C6H12O3 132.16 H-83
N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide C8H9NO2 151.16 A-4–A-6
2-Hydroxypropanoic acid C4H6O3 90.08 L-1
4-Hydroxypyrimidine C4H4N2O 96.09 H-90
8-Hydroxyquinoline C9H7NO 145.16 H-91
5-Hydroxysalicylic acid C7H6O4 154.12 G-2
1-Hydroxythioxanthone C13H8O2S 228.27 H-92
1-Hydroxyxanthone C13H8O3 212.20 H-93
Imipramine hydrochloride C19H24N2HCl 316.87 I-1
Indium tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21InO6 412.15 I-2
1H-Indole C8H7N 117.15 I-3
Indole C8H7N 117.15 I-3
Iodoform CHI3 393.73 T-68
Ionic liquid [bmim][BF4] C8H15N2$BF4 226.02 B-79
Ionic liquid [bmim][PF6] C8H15N2$F6P 284.18 B-77, B-78
Iron bis(cyclopentadienide) C10H10Fe 186.03 F-2–F-5
Iron tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21FeO6 353.17 I-4, I-5
Iron tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C33H57FeO6 605.65 I-6
heptanedionate)
Iron tris(2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5-octanedionate) C33H57FeO6 605.65 I-7
1,3-Isobenzofurandione C8H4O3 148.12 P-83
(4S)-4-Isopropenyl-1-methyl- C10H16 136.23 L-17
1-cyclohexene
4-Isopropenyl-1-methyl-1-cyclohexene C10H16 136.23 L-10–L-16, L-18
5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol C10H14O 150.22 C-41
1-(Isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthyloxy)- C16H21NO2 259.35 P-122
2-propanol

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

4,4 0 -Isopropylidenebis[2,6-dibro- C15H12Br4O2 543.87 T-10

mophenol]
5-Isopropyl-o-cresol C10H14O 150.22 C-41
Jojoba bean oil N/A N/A J-1
Jojoba wax N/A N/A J-1
Ketoprofen C16H14O3 254.28 K-1–K-3
Krytox dithiol N/A N/A K-4
Krytox picolyl amine N/A N/A K-5
Lactic acid C4H6O3 90.08 L-1
Lariat ether carboxylic acid, non-fluorinated C21H24O8 404.42 L-2
Lariat ether carboxylic acid, fluorine- C29H26F6O8 616.51 L-2
containing
Lariat ether carboxylic acid, ring- C21H22F2O8 440.40 L-2
fluorinated
Lasalocid sodium salt C34H53NaO8 612.78 L-3
Lauric acid C12H24O2 200.32 L-4, L-5
Lead bis(diisopropyldithiocarbamate) C14H28N2PbS4 559.83 L-6
Lecithin S20 N/A N/A L-7
L-Leucine C6H13NO2 131.17 L-8
D-(K)-Levulose C6H12O6 180.16 F-45
Li(acac) C5H7LiO2 106.05 L-27
Lidocaine C14H22N2O 234.34 L-9
Limonene C10H16 136.23 L-10–L-20
L-Limonene C10H16 136.23 L-17
Linalool C10H18O 154.25 L-20–L-22
Lindane C6H6Cl6 290.83 L-23
Linoleic Acid C18H32O2 280.45 L-24, L-25
Linuron C9H10Cl2N2O2 249.09 P-43
Lipids N/A N/A L-26
Lithium acetylacetonate C5H7LiO2 106.05 L-27
L-Phenylalanine C9H11NO2 165.19 P-80
Mandelic acid C8H8O3 152.15 M-1
Manganese tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21MnO6 352.27 M-3
Manganese bis(acetylacetonate) C10H14MnO4$2H2O 289.19 M-2
dihydrate
Medroxyprogesterone acetate C24H34O4 386.52 M-4, M-5
Megestrol acetate C24H32O4 384.51 M-6
Menadione C11H8O2 172.18 V-12, V-13
p-Mentha-1,8-diene C10H16 136.23 L-10–L-16
(S)-(K)-p-Mentha-1,8-diene C10H16 136.23 L-17
(R)-(K)-p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-one C10H14O 150.22 C-42
Menthol C10H20O 156.27 M-7–M-9
2-Mercaptopyrimidine C4H4N2S 112.15 M-10
Mercury bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate) C18H36HgN2S4 609.33 M-11
Mercury bis(diethyldithiocarbamate) C10H20HgN2S4 497.11 M-11, M-13
Mercury bis(dihexyldithiocarbamate) C26H52HgN2S4 721.54 M-11
Mercury bis(dipentyldithiocarbamate) C22H44HgN2S4 665.43 M-11
Mercury bis(dipropyldithiocarbamate) C14H28HgN2S4 553.22 M-11
Mercury bis[bis(trifluoroethyl)- C10H8F12HgN2S4 713.00 M-11, M-13, M-15
dithiocarbamate]

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Mercury pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate C10H16HgN2S4 493.08 M-11

Methimazole C4H6N2S 114.17 M-16
5-Methoxy-1H-indole C9H9NO 147.17 M-24
5-Methoxy-1-tetralone C11H12O2 176.21 M-28, M-32
6-Methoxy-1-tetralone C11H12O2 176.21 M-29, M-31
7-Methoxy-1-tetralone C11H12O2 176.21 M-30–M-32
7-Methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one C10H8O3 176.17 M-23
(S)-2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic C14H14O3 230.26 N-55–N-62
acid
2-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenol C10H12O2 164.20 E-28
2-Methoxy-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)- C10H19N5O 225.29 P-115
1,3,5-triazine
2-Methoxyanisole C8H10O2 138.16 D-59
4-Methoxyanisole C8H10O2 138.16 D-60
4-Methoxybenzaldehyde C8H8O2 136.15 A-35
3-Methoxybenzamide C8H9O2N 151.16 M-17
4-Methoxybenzamide C8H9O2N 151.16 M-18
Methoxybenzene C7H8O 108.14 A-38, A-39
2-Methoxybenzoic acid C8H8O3 152.15 M-19
3-Methoxybenzoic acid C8H8O3 152.15 M-20
4-Methoxybenzoic acid C8H8O3 152.15 A-37, M-21
Methoxychlor C16H15Cl3O2 345.65 M-22, P-43
5-Methoxyindole C9H9NO 147.17 M-24
2-Methoxynapthalene C11H10O 158.20 M-25
2-Methoxynitrobenzene C7H7NO3 153.14 N-76
2-Methoxyphenol C7H8O2 124.14 M-26
o-Methoxyphenylacetic acid C9H10O3 166.17 M-27
m-Methoxyphenylacetic acid C9H10O3 166.17 M-27
p-Methoxyphenylacetic acid C9H10O3 166.17 M-27
Methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)- C16H14Cl2O4 341.19 P-43
phenoxy]propanoate
Methyl cyanide C2H3N 41.05 A-10
Methyl gallate C8H8O5 184.15 M-39
Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate C8H8O3 152.15 M-52
Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate C8H8O3 152.15 M-53
Methyl 2-nitrobenzoate C8H7NO4 181.15 M-43
Methyl 3-nitrobenzoate C8H7NO4 181.15 M-44
Methyl 4-nitrobenzoate C8H7NO4 181.15 M-45
Methyl o-nitrobenzoate C8H7NO4 181.15 M-43, M-46, M-47
Methyl m-nitrobenzoate C8H7NO4 181.15 M-44, M-46
Methyl p-nitrobenzoate C8H7NO4 181.15 M-45, M-47
Methyl oleate C21H36O2 296.49 M-48–M-50
Methyl phenyl ether C7H8O 108.14 A-38
Methyl salicylate C8H8O3 152.15 M-52
2-Methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone C11H8O2 172.18 V-12, V-13
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-4-(phenylazo)- C16H14N4O 278.31 C-147
pyrazol-5-ol
5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)- C10H20O 156.27 M-7–M-9
cyclohexanol
5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol C10H14O 150.22 T-42

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

6-Methyl-2HK1-benzopyran-2-one C10H8O2 160.17 M-37

7-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one C10H8O2 160.17 M-38
Methyl-2-naphthyl ether C11H10O 158.20 M-25
N-(4-Methyl-2-pyrimidyl)sulfanilamide C11H12N4O2S 264.30 S-41
1-Methyl-3-nitrobenzene C7H7NO2 137.14 N-82
3-Methyl-3-pentanol C6H14O 102.17 M-51
2-Methyl-4-[[4-(phenylazo)- C19H16N4O 316.36 C-145, C-146
phenyl]azo]phenol
1-Methyl-4-imidazoline-2-thione C4H6N2S 114.17 M-16
2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole- C13H13N3O4 275.26 M-54
1-ethanol benzoate
4-methyl-6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7- C17H17ClN6O3 388.81 Z-3
dihydro-7-oxo-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]-
pyrazin-5-yl ester
1-(Methylamino)anthraquinone C15H11NO2 237.25 C-126
2-Methylanthracene C15H12 192.26 M-33, N-78
2-Methylbenzoic acid C8H8O2 136.16 M-34
3-Methylbenzoic acid C8H8O2 136.16 M-35
4-Methylbenzoic acid C8H8O2 136.16 M-36
24-Methylcholesta-5,7,22-trien-3b-ol C28H44O 396.65 E-11, E-12
6-Methylcoumarin C10H8O2 160.17 M-37
7-Methylcoumarin C10H8O2 160.17 M-38
2,2 0 -Methylenebiphenyl C13H10 166.22 F-27, F-36–F-39
1,1 0 ,1 00 -Methylidynetrisbenzene C19H16 244.33 T-94, T-95
1-Methylimidazole-2-thiol C4H6N2S 114.17 M-16
3-Methylindole C9H9N 131.17 S-5
4-Methyl-L-norvaline C6H13NO2 131.17 L-8
Methylmorphine C18H21NO3 299.36 C-171
1-Methylnaphthalene C11H10 142.20 A-39, B-10, M-40,
M-42
2-Methylnaphthalene C11H10 142.20 N-30, M-40–M-42
(E)-8-Methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide C18H27NO3 305.41 C-16–C-18
7-Methoxycoumarin C10H8O3 176.17 M-23
Methylparaben C8H8O3 152.15 M-53
4-Methylphenol C7H8O 108.14 C-202
(4S)-4-Methylsalinomycin sadium salt C43H71NaO11 787.02 N-63
Methylumbelliferone C10H8O3 176.17 M-23
4-Methylumbelliferone C10H8O3 176.17 H-86
Metronidazole benzoate C13H13N3O4 275.26 M-54
Miconazole C18H14Cl4N2O 416.12 M-55
Milk fat triglyceride N/A N/A M-56
Milk thistle seed oil N/A N/A M-57
Mn(acac).22H2O C10H14MnO4$2H2O 289.19 M-2
Mn(acac)3 C15H21MnO6 352.27 M-3
Molybdenum hexacarbonyl C6MoO6 264.00 M-58
Monensin sodium salt C36H61NaO11 692.86 M-59
Monocrotaline C16H23NO6 325.36 M-60, M-61
Monolaurin C15H30O4 274.40 M-62
Monoolein C21H40O4 356.55 M-63, M-64
Myristic acid C14H28O2 228.37 M-65–M-67

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Myristic acid ethyl ester C16H32O2 256.42 E-21

Naphthalene C10H8 128.17 N-1–N-35, P-71
1,4-Naphthalenedione C10H6O2 158.15 N-52–N-54
2-Naphthalenenitrile C11H7N 153.18 C-204
1-Naphthalenol C10H8O 144.17 N-36, N-37
2-Naphthalenol C10H8O 144.17 N-39–N-48
4-(1-Naphthalenylazo)-1,3-benzene- C16H14N4 262.31 C-162
diamine
1-Naphthol C10H8O 144.17 N-36, N-37
2-Naphthol C10H8O 144.17 N-39–N-48
a-Naphthol C10H8O 144.17 N-36–N-38
b-Naphthol C10H8O 144.17 N-38–N-51
2-Naphthonitrile C11H7N 153.18 C-204
1,4-Naphthoquinone C10H6O2 158.15 N-52–N-54
p-Naphthoquinone C10H6O2 158.15 N-52–N-54
Naproxen C14H14O3 230.26 N-55–N-62
(C)-Naproxen C14H14O3 230.26 N-55–N-62
(C)-(S)-Naproxen C14H14O3 230.26 N-55–N-62
Narasin sodium salt C43H71NaO11 787.02 N-63
NBD C22H36N4O3 404.55 H-22
Nickel bis[bis(trifluoroethyl)- C10H8F12N2NiS4 N/A M-12, M-13, M-15
dithiocarbamate]
Nickel bis(diethyldithiocarbamate) C10H20N2NiS4 N/A M-12, M-13
Nickel bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) C10H2F12NiO4 N/A M-13
Nickel Complex C22H22N4Ni 401.15 N-64–N-66
Nicotinic acid C6H5NO2 123.11 N-67–N-71
Nifedipine C17H18N2O6 346.33 N-72
Nimesulide C13H12N2O5S 308.31 N-73
Nimodipine C21H26N2O7 418.44 N-74
Nitrendipine C18H20N2O6 360.36 N-75
2-Nitroanisole C7H7NO3 153.14 N-76
9-Nitroanthracene C14H9NO2 223.23 N-77, N-78
2-Nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester C8H7NO4 181.15 M-43
3-Nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester C8H7NO4 181.15 M-44
4-Nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester C8H7NO4 181.15 M-45
4-Nitro-2-chloro-4 0 -[ethyl(2-hydroxy- C16H17ClN4O3 348.79 C-128
ethyl)amino]azobenzene
3-Nitro-6-[4-[N,N-di(acetoxyethyl)- C21H21N5O6 439.43 C-136
amino]phenyl]azobenzonitrile
2-Nitrodiphenylamine C12H10N2O2 214.22 N-79
2-Nitro-N-phenylaniline C12H10N2O2 214.22 N-79
3-Nitrophenol C6H5NO3 139.11 N-80
4-Nitrophenol C6H5NO3 139.11 N-81
m-Nitrophenol C6H5NO3 139.11 N-80
p-Nitrophenol C6H5NO3 139.11 N-81
4-Nitro-2-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide C13H12N2O5S 308.31 N-73
4-(2-Nitrophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-3,5- C17H18N2O6 346.33 N-72
dicarbomethoxy-1,4- dihydropyridine
4-(4-Nitrophenylazo)aniline C12H10N4O2 242.24 C-114, C-115
1-(4-Nitrophenylazo)-2-naphthol C16H11N3O3 293.28 P-18

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

2-Nitroso-1-naphthol C10H7NO2 173.17 C-155

3-Nitrotoluene C7H7NO2 137.14 N-82
Nonacosane C29H60 408.79 N-83, N-84
Nonadecane C19H40 268.53 N-85, N-86
Nonadecanenitrile C19H37N 279.50 N-87
2-Nonadecanone C19H38O 282.50 N-88
1-Nonanol C9H20O 144.25 N-89
Nonyl alcohol C9H20O 144.25 N-89
4-(N-Phenylamino)-4 0 -nitroazobenzene N/A N/A C-113
Octacosane C28H58 394.76 O-1–O-9
(Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid C25H32O2 280.45 L-24, L-25
Octadecane C18H38 254.49 O-10, O-11
1-Octadecanethiol C18H38S 268.56 O-16
Octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 284.48 S-15–S-29
1-Octadecanol C18H38O 270.49 O-12–O-15, S-30–S-32
(Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid C18H34O2 282.46 O-21–O-26
(Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester C20H38O2 310.51 E-22, E-23
(Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester C21H36O2 296.49 M-48–M-50
n-Octadecyl alcohol C18H38O 270.49 O-12–O-15, S-30–S-32
Octadecyl cyanide C19H37N 279.50 N-87
Octadecylmercaptan C18H38S 268.56 O-16
(3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,12S,12aR)- C15H22O5 282.33 A-69
Octahydro-3,6,9-trimethyl-3,12-
epoxy-12H-pyrano[4,3-j]-1,2-
benzodioxepin-10(3H)-one
Octane C8H18 114.23 O-17
n-Octane C8H18 114.23 B-70, O-17
Octyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C15H20Cl2O2 303.23 O-18
Octyl ether C16H34O 242.44 D-83
Octyl pentaethylene glycol ether C18H38O6 350.49 P-36
Octyl(phenyl)(N,N-diisobutyl C24H42NO2P 407.57 O-19
carbamoyl)methylphosphine oxide
Octylpentaglycol C18H38O6 350.49 P-36
Okadaic acid C44H68O13 805.00 O-20
Oleic acid C18H34O2 282.46 O-21–O-27
Oleic acid ethyl ester C20H38O2 310.51 E-22, E-23
Oleic acid methyl ester C21H36O2 296.49 M-48–M-50
Olive oil N/A N/A O-27
Orange peel oil N/A N/A O-28
Oxacyclododecan-2-one C11H20O2 184.28 U-2
Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one C15H28O2 240.38 P-35
17b-(1-oxopropoxy)-androst-4-en-3-one C22H32O3 344.49 T-9
Paclitaxel C47H51NO14 853.91 T-1, T-2
Palladium bis(acetylacetonate) C10H14O4Pd 304.64 P-1
Palladium bis(dibutyldithio- C18H36N2PdS4 N/A M-14
carbamate)
Palladium bis(diethyldithiocarbamate) C10H20N2PdS4 N/A M-14
Palladium bis(diisobutyldithiocarbamate) C18H36N2PdS4 N/A M-14
Palladium bis(diisopropyldithio- C14H28N2PdS4 459.07 M-14, P-4
carbamate)

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Palladium bis(dioctyldithiocarbamate) C34H68N2PdS4 N/A M-14

Palladium bis(dipentyldithiocarbamate) C22H44N2PdS4 N/A M-14
Palladium bis(methylthioglycolate) C6H10O4PdS2 316.69 P-2
Palladium bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- C22H38O4Pd 472.94 P-3
3,5-heptanedionate)
Palladium diimine $ BArF complex N/A N/A P-5
Palm kernel oil N/A N/A P-15, P-16
Palm oil N/A N/A P-17
Palmitic acid C16H32O2 256.42 P-6–P-13
Palmitic acid ethyl ester C18H36O2 284.48 E-24, E-25
Palmityl alcohol C16H34O 242.44 C-47–C-51
Palmityl behenate C38H76O2 565.01 P-14
Para red C16H11N3O3 293.28 P-18
PCB 15 C12H8Cl2 223.10 D-25–D-28
PCB 70 C12H6Cl4 291.99 T-11
PCB 77 C12H6Cl4 291.99 T-12–T-14
PCB 128 C12H4Cl6 360.88 H-11, H-12
PCB 153 C12H4Cl6 360.88 H-13–H-15
PCB 180 C12H3Cl7 395.32 H-2–H-4
PCB 1254 N/A 326.50 A-68
Pd(acac)2 C10H14O4Pd 304.64 P-1
Pd(MTG)2 C6H10O4PdS2 316.69 P-2
Pd(thd)2 C22H38O4Pd 472.94 P-3
PEG N/A N/A P-102
Penicillin G C16H18N2O4S 334.39 P-19
Penicillin V C16H18N2O5S 350.39 P-20
1,2,3,4,6-Pentaacetyl-D-galactose C16H22O11 390.34 P-21
1,2,3,4,6-Pentaacetyl-D-glucose C16H22O11 390.34 P-22
2,2 0 ,4,5,5 0 -Pentachlorobiphenyl C12H5Cl5 326.43 P-23–P-25
Pentachlorophenol C6HCl5O 266.34 P-26–P-30
Pentacosane C25H52 352.68 P-31, P-32
Pentadecafluorooctyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C15H5Cl2F15O2 573.09 P-33
1-Pentadecanol C15H33O 229.42 P-34
Pentadecanolactone C15H28O2 240.38 P-35
15-Pentadecanolide C15H28O2 240.38 P-35
Pentaethylene glycol n-octyl ether C18H38O6 350.49 P-36
Pentafluorobutyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C11H7Cl2F5O2 337.07 P-37
Pentafluoropropyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C10H5Cl2F5O2 323.04 P-38
3,3 0 ,4 0 ,5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone C15H10O7 302.24 P-39, Q-1
Perchlorobenzene C6Cl6 284.80 H-8–H-10
Perchloroethane C2Cl6 236.74 H-16
Perylene C20H12 252.31 P-40–P-42
a-Perylene C20H12 252.31 P-40–P-42
Pesticides N/A N/A P-43
Phenanthrene C14H10 178.23 A-62, A-63, N-31–N-33,
N-50, N-51, P-44–P-71
1,10-Phenanthroline C12H8N2 180.21 P-72
Phenazine C12H8N2 180.21 P-73
Phenazopyridine C11H11N5 213.24 P-74
Phenol C6H6O 94.11 N-34, P-75, P-76

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Phenol Blue C14H14N2O 226.27 P-77, P-78

Phenoxymethylpenicillin C16H18N2O5S 350.39 P-20
3-Phenyl-1-propanol C9H12O 136.19 P-81
(E)-3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid C9H8O2 148.16 C-160
2-Phenyl-4-chromone C15H10O2 222.24 F-30, F-31
Phenylacetic Acid C8H8O2 136.15 P-79
transK3-Phenylacrylic acid C9H8O2 148.16 C-160
3-Phenyl-L-alanine C9H11NO2 165.19 P-80
N-Phenylaniline C12H11N 169.22 D-86–D-88
4-(Phenylazo)phenol C12H10N2O 198.22 H-48, H-49
4-[4-(Phenylazo)-1-naphthylazo]phenol C22H16N4O 352.39 C-118
N-Phenylbenzenamine C12H11N 169.22 D-86–D-88
Phenylethanoic acid C8H8O2 136.15 P-79
Phenytoin C15H12N2O2 252.27 P-82
Phosphoric acid tributyl ester C12H27O4P 266.31 T-52
Phosphoric acid triphenyl ester C18H15O4P 326.28 T-96
1,3-Phthalandione C8H4O3 148.12 P-83
Phthalic acid diethyl ester C12H14O4 222.24 D-42
Phthalic anhydride C8H4O3 148.12 P-83
Phylloquinone C31H46O2 450.70 V-11
Phytomenadione C31H46O2 450.70 V-11
Picric acid C6H3N3O7 229.10 P-84
2-Pinene C10H16 136.23 P-85–P-88
a-Pinene C10H16 136.23 P-85–P-88
cis-2-Pinen-4-ol C10H16O 152.23 V-5
1-Piperazinecarboxylic acid C17H17ClN6O3 388.81 Z-3
Piroxicam C15H13N3O4S 331.35 P-89
Platinum(II) acetylacetonate C10H14O4Pt 393.29 P-90
Platinum bis(acetylacetonate) C10H14O4Pt 393.29 P-90
PMMA N/A 90000–120000 P-102
Poly(1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl acrylate) N/A 1 x 106 P-91
Poly(ethyl vinyl ether) N/A 1500 P-99
Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethylether N/A 500 P-95
Poly(ethylene glycol) diol N/A 200–600 P-96
Poly(ethylene glycol) monomethylether N/A 350–1000 P-97
Poly(ethylene glycol-block-propylene N/A N/A P-94
glycol)
Poly(ethylene glycol-ran-propylene glycol) N/A 970–1700 P-98
Poly(FOEMA-co-PPGMA) N/A N/A P-100
Poly(methyl methacrylate) N/A 540,000 P-103
Poly(oxyalkylene) alkylphenyl ether N/A N/A P-102
Poly(propylene glycol) diol N/A 400–2000 P-104
Poly(propylene glycol) monobutylether N/A 1,000 P-105
Poly(propylene glycol) monomethylether N/A 1000, 1200 P-106
Poly(styrene) N/A N/A P-102
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-vinyl acetate) N/A 140000–166000 P-107
Poly(vinyl butyral) N/A N/A P-108
Poly(b-hydroxybutyrate) N/A 800,000 P-101
Polyethylene glycol N/A 1000–7500 P-92, P-93
Prednisolone C21H28O5 360.44 P-109

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Prednisone C21H26O5 358.43 P-110

Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione C21H30O2 314.46 P-112
Procaine C13H20N2O2 236.31 P-111
Progesterone C21H30O2 314.46 P-112–P-114
Prometone C10H19N5O 225.29 P-115
Prometryne C10H19N5S 241.36 P-116, P-117
1,2-Propanediol C3H8O2 76.09 P-118
1,2,3-Propanetriol C3H8O3 92.09 G-6, G-7
1-Propanol C3H8O 60.10 P-119
2-Propanol C3H8O 60.10 P-120
Propazine C9H16ClN5 229.71 P-121
Propranolol C16H21NO2 259.35 P-112
Propyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C10H10Cl2O2 233.09 P-123
Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate C10H12O3 180.20 P-125
Propyl gallate C10H12O5 212.20 P-124
Propylene glycol C3H8O2 76.09 P-118
Protocatechualdehyde C7H6O3 138.12 P-126
Protocatechuic acid C7H6O4 154.12 P-127
PS-b-(PMMA-co-PGMA) N/A N/A P-102
Pyrazinamine C4H5N3 95.10 A-34
Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid C5H4N2O2 124.10 P-128
2-Pyrazinoic acid C5H4N2O2 124.10 P-128
Pyrene C16H10 202.25 P-129–P-137
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid C6H5NO2 123.11 N-67–N-71
4,4 0 -(2-Pyridylmethylene)bisphenol C22H19NO4 361.39 B-39
diacetate
4(1H)-Pyrimidinone C4H4N2O 96.09 H-90
Pyrimidine-2-thiol C4H4N2S 112.15 M-10
2,4-pyrimidinedione C4H4N2O2 112.09 U-3
2-Pyrimidinethione C4H4N2S 112.15 M-10
4-Pyrimidone C4H4N2O 96.09 H-90
Pyrocatechol C6H6O2 110.11 D-50, P-138, P-139
Quercetin C15H10O7 302.24 P-39, Q-1
Quinizarin C14H8O4 240.21 D-44, D-45
8-Quinolinol C9H7NO 145.16 H-91
Quinone C6H4O2 108.09 H-39, Q-2, Q-3
p-Quinone C6H4O2 108.09 H-39, Q-2, Q-3
Rape seed oil C16H34 226.44 R-1
RDX C3H6N6O6 222.12 C-215
Reserpine C33H40N2O9 608.68 R-2
Resorcinol C6H6O2 110.11 D-50, R-3
Resveratrol C14H12O3 228.24 R-4
(E)-Resveratrol C14H12O3 228.24 R-4
Retinol C20H30O 286.45 R-5
all-trans-Retinol C20H30O 286.45 R-5
Retinol hexadecanoate C36H60O2 524.87 V-6
all-trans-Retinol palmitate C36H60O2 524.87 V-6
Rh(MTG)3 C9H15O6RhS3 418.31 R-7
Rhodium tris(dibutyldithiocarbamate) C27H54N3RhS6 N/A M-14
Rhodium tris(diethyldithiocarbamate) C15H30N3RhS6 N/A M-14

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Rhodium tris(dihexyldithiocarbamate) C39H78N3RhS6 N/A M-14

Rhodium tris(diisobutyldithiocarbamate) C27H54N3RhS6 N/A M-14
Rhodium tris(diisopropyldithiocarbamate) C21H42N3RhS6 631.87 M-14, R-6
Rhodium tris(dioctyldithiocarbamate) C51H102N3RhS6 N/A M-14
Rhodium tris(methylthioglycolate) C9H15O6RhS3 418.31 R-7
Rhodium tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- C33H57O6Rh 652.72 R-8
3,5-heptanedionate)
Rosemary oil N/A N/A R-9
Saccharose C12H22O11 342.30 S-35
Salen C16H16N2O2 268.31 S-1
Salicylic acid C7H6O3 138.12 A-74, H-50–H-62
Salinomycin sodium salt C42H69NaO11 772.99 S-2
Shale oil N/A N/A S-3
Simazine C7H12ClN5 201.66 S-4
Skatole C9H9N 131.17 S-5
Sodium 2-(2,6-dichloroanilino)phenyl C14H10Cl2NNaO2$ 390.21 D-36
acetate 4H2O
Sodium bis(trifluoroethyl)- C5H4F6NNaS2 N/A M-12, M-13
dithiocarbamate
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate C5H10NNaS2 N/A M-12, M-13
Soybean oil N/A N/A S-6
Squalane C30H62 422.81 S-7–S-12
Squalene C30H50 410.72 S-13, S-14
Stearic acid C18H36O2 284.48 S-16–S-29
Stearic acid ethyl ester C20H41O2 312.53 E-26
1-Stearyl alcohol C18H38O 270.49 O-12–O-15
Stearyl alcohol C18H38O 270.49 S-30–S-32
Stearyl mercaptan C18H38S 268.56 O-16
(3b,22E)-Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol C29H48O 412.69 S-33, S-34
Stigmasterol C29H48O 412.69 S-33, S-34
3,4 0 ,5-Stilbenetriol C14H12O3 228.24 R-4
Sucrose C12H22O11 342.30 S-35
(C)-Sucrose C12H22O11 342.30 S-35
Sudan Blue II C22H26N2O2 350.45 C-161
Sulfadimethoxine C12H14N4O4S 310.33 S-39, S-40
Sulfamerazine C11H12N4O2S 264.30 S-41
Sulfamethazine C12H14N4O2S 278.33 S-42, S-43
2-(Sulfanilylamino)thiazole C9H9N3O2S2 255.32 S-44, S-45
Sulfathiazole C9H9N3O2S2 255.32 S-44, S-45
Surfactant Ls-36 C36H74O10 666.98 S-36
Surfactant Ls-45 C35H72O10 652.95 S-37
Surfactant Ls-54 C34H74O10 638.92 S-38
Syringic acid C9H10O5 198.17 S-46
Taxol C47H51NO14 853.91 T-1, T-2
Tb(thd)3 C33H57O6Tb 708.74 T-4
Tb(tod)3 C33H57O6Tb 708.74 T-5
Tebuconazole C16H22ClN3O 307.82 T-3
Terbium tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- C33H57O6Tb 708.74 T-4
3,5-heptanedionate)

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Terbium tris(2,2,7-trimethyl- C33H57O6Tb 708.74 T-5

3,5-octanedionate)
m-Terphenyl C18H14 230.30 T-6
Testosterone C19H28O2 288.42 C-79, P-114, T-7, T-8
Testosterone-17-propionate C22H32O3 344.49 T-9
2,2 0 ,6,6 0 -Tetrabromobisphenol A C15H12Br4O2 543.87 T-10
Tetrabromobisphenol-A C15H12Br4O2 543.87 T-10
2,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,3-benzene- C8Cl4N2 265.91 T-15
dicarbonitrile
2,3 0 ,4 0 ,5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl C12H6Cl4 291.99 T-11
3,3 0 ,4,4 0 -Tetrachlorobiphenyl C12H6Cl4 291.99 T-12–T-14
Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile C8Cl4N2 265.91 T-15
2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol C6H2Cl4O 231.89 T-16
Tetracosane C24H50 338.65 T-17–T-22
6,7,9,10,12,13,15,16,23,24,26, C26H36O9 492.56 D-15
27,29,30-Tetradecahydrodibenzo
[b,n] [1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25]-
nonaoxacycloheptacosin
Tetradecanoic acid C14H28O2 228.37 M-65–M-67
Tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester C16H32O2 256.42 E-21
Tetraethylene glycol lauryl ether C20H42O5 362.54 T-29
Tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether C20H42O5 362.54 T-29
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-naphthol C10H12O 148.20 T-27, T-28
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene C10H12 132.20 T-25, T-26
(K)-(2R,3R)-5,7,3 0 ,4 0 -Tetra- C15H14O6 290.27 E-10
hydroxyflavan-3-ol
(C)-(2R,3S)-5,7,3 0 ,4 0 -Tetra- C15H14O6 290.27 C-44
hydroxyflavan-3-ol
Tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C44H76CeO8 873.20 C-45
heptanedionato)cerium
Tetrakis(2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5- C44H76CeO8 873.20 C-46
octanedionato)cerium
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoro- C52H22F24N4 1158.73 T-23
methyl)phenyl)porphyrin
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(pentafluoro- C44H10F20N4 974.55 T-24
phenyl)porphine
5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(pentafluoro- C44H10F20N4 974.55 T-24
phenyl)porphyrin
Tetralin C10H12 132.20 T-25, T-26
a-Tetralol C10H12O 148.20 T-27, T-28
(5,7,12,14-Tetramethyl-2,3:9,10-dibenzo- C22H22N4Ni 401.15 N-64–N-66
[b,i][1,4,8,11]tetra azacyclo tetra-
decine)nickel (II).
Theobromine C7H8N4O2 180.16 T-30–T-34
Theophylline C7H8N4O2 180.16 T-35–T-38
9-Thiafluorene C12H8S 184.26 D-18
Thiamphenicol C12H15Cl2NO5S 356.22 T-39
N1-(2-Thiazolyl)sulfanilamide C9H9N3O2S2 255.32 S-44, S-45
2-(Thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole C9H6N2S3 238.36 T-40

(continued)

CAT4240—PRELIMS —2/11/2006—SRIDHAR—XML MODEL C – pp. 1–48

 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

2-(Thiocyanatomethylthio) C9H6N2S3 238.36 T-40

benzo[d]thiazole
Thioxanthen-9-one C13H8OS 212.27 T-41
Thioxanthone C13H8OS 212.27 T-41
9-Thioxanthone C13H8OS 212.27 T-41
Thymol C10H14O 150.22 T-42
Titanocene dichloride C10H10Cl2Ti 249.00 T-43
TNT C7H5N3O6 227.13 T-77, T-78
a-Tocopherol C29H50O2 430.71 T-44–T-48
DL-a-Tocopherol C29H50O2 430.71 T-44–T-48
d-Tocopherol C27H46O2 402.65 T-49, T-50
D-d-Tocopherol C27H46O2 402.65 T-49, T-50
p-Tolyl diiodomethyl sulfone C8H8I2O2S 422.02 D-56
2,3,6-Triacetyl-a-cyclodextrin C72H96O48 1729.50 C-205
2,3,6-Triacetyl-b-cyclodextrin C84H112O56 2017.75 C-206
2,3,6-Triacetyl-g-cyclodextrin C96H128O64 2306.03 C-207
Triacontane C30H62 422.81 T-51
Tributanoin C15H26O6 302.36 T-53, T-54
Tributyl Phosphate C12H27O4P 266.31 T-52, U-4
Tributyrin C15H26O6 302.36 T-53, T-54
Tricaprin C33H62O6 554.84 T-55
Tricaproin C21H38O6 386.52 T-56
Tricaprylin C27H50O6 470.68 T-57
Tricaprylylamine C24H51N 353.67 T-79
Tricarbonyl(h5-cyclopentadienyl)- C8H5MnO3 204.06 C-212
manganese
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chloro- C14H9Cl5 354.49 B-56, D-1
phenyl)ethane
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(4-methoxy- C16H15Cl3O2 345.65 M-22, P-43
phenyl)ethane
2,4 0 ,5-Trichlorobiphenyl C12H7Cl3 257.54 T-58–T-60
Tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane C10H16 136.23 A-19, A-20
Tridecafluorooctyl 2,5-dichlorobenzoate C15H7Cl2F13O2 537.10 T-61
Tridecanedioic acid C13H24O4 244.33 B-66
Tridecanoin C33H62O6 554.84 T-55
1-Tridecanol C13H28O 200.36 T-62
Tridecyl alcohol C13H28O 200.36 T-62
Tridodecanoin C39H74O6 639.00 T-69, T-70
Triethyl phosphate C6H15O4P 182.15 U-4
Triethylene glycol C6H14O4 150.17 T-63, T-64
Triglycerides N/A N/A T-65
Triglycol C6H14O4 150.17 T-63, T-64
Trihexanoin C21H38O6 386.52 T-56
Trihexylamine C18H39N 269.51 T-66
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid methyl C8H8O5 184.15 M-39
ester
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl C10H12O5 212.20 P-124
ester
1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methyl- C15H10O5 270.24 E-8
anthraquinone

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

11b,17a,21-Trihydroxypregn-4-ene- C21H30O5 362.46 H-33

3,20-dione
11b,17,21-Trihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene- C21H28O5 360.44 P-109
3,20-dione
3,4 0 ,5-Trihydroxy-trans-stilbene C14H12O3 228.24 R-4
1,5,6-Trihydroxyxanthen-9-one C13H8O5 244.20 T-67
1,5,6-Trihydroxyxanthone C13H8O5 244.20 T-67
Triiodomethane CHI3 393.73 T-68
Trilaurin C39H74O6 639.00 T-69–T-73
Trilinolein C57H98O6 879.38 T-74
1,3,7-Trimethyl-2,6-dioxopurine C8H10N4O2 194.19 C-3–C-11
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanone C10H16O 152.23 F-1
1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2,2,1]heptan- C10H16O 152.23 C-13
2-one
2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene C10H16 136.23 P-85–P-88
1,3,3-Trimethylnorcamphor C10H16O 152.23 F-1
1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine C8H10N4O2 194.19 C-3–C-11
Trimyristin C45H86O6 723.16 T-71, T-72, T-75,
T-76
1,3,5-Trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine C3H6N6O6 222.12 C-215
2,4,6-Trinitrophenol C6H3N3O7 229.10 P-84
Trinitrotoluene C7H5N3O6 227.13 T-77, T-78
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene C7H5N3O6 227.13 T-77, T-78
Tri-n-octylamine C24H51N 353.67 T-79
Tri-n-octylphosphine C24H51P 370.64 T-80
Tri-n-octylphosphine oxide C24H51OP 386.63 T-81
Trioctanoin C27H50O6 470.68 T-57
Trioctylamine C24H51N 353.67 T-79
Trioctylphosphine C24H51P 370.64 T-80
Trioctylphosphine oxide C24H51OP 386.63 T-81, U-4
Triolein C57H104O6 885.43 T-82–T-86
Tripalmitin C51H98O6 807.32 T-72, T-73, T-76,
T-87–T-90
Triphenylamine C18H15N 245.32 T-91
Triphenylene C18H12 228.29 A-3, T-92, T-93
Triphenylmethane C19H16 244.33 T-94, T-95
Triphenylphosphate C18H15O4P 326.28 T-96
Triphenylphosphine C18H15P 262.29 T-97, T-98
Triphenylphosphorous C18H15P 262.29 T-97, T-98
Tris(acetylacetonato)yttrium C15H21O6Y 386.23 Y-1
Tris(3-bromopentane-2,4-dionato)- C15H18Br3CrO6 586.01 C-81
chromium
Tris(diisopropyldithiocarbamato)- C21H42N3RhS6 631.87 R-6
rhodium
Tris(4-fluorophenyl)phosphine C18H12F3P 316.26 T-99
Tris(p-fluorophenyl)phosphine C18H12F3P 316.26 T-99
Tris(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4- C15H3F18O6Y 746.09 Y-2
pentanedionato)yttrium
Tris(methylthioglycolato)rhodium C9H15O6RhS3 418.31 R-7
Tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine C18F15P 532.14 T-100

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Tris(pentane-2,4-dionato)chromium C15H21CrO6 349.32 C-80

Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)cobalt C15H21CoO6 356.26 C-168
Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)gallium C15H21GaO6 367.05 G-1
Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)indium C15H21InO6 412.15 I-2
Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)iron C15H21FeO6 353.17 I-4, I-5
Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)manganese C15H21MnO6 352.27 M-3
Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)yttrium C15H21O6Y 386.23 Y-1
Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C33H57FeO6 605.65 I-6
heptanedionato)iron
Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C33H57O6Rh 652.72 R-8
heptanedionato)rhodium
Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5- C33H57O6Tb 708.74 T-4
heptanedionato)terbium
Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5- C33H57CrO6 601.81 C-82
dionato)chromium
Tris(p-trifluoromethylphenyl)phosphine C21H12F9P 466.29 T-101
cis-Tris(1,1,1-trifluoropentane- C15H12CrF9O6 511.24 C-83
2,4-dionato)chromium
trans-Tris(1,1,1-trifluoropentane- C15H12CrF9O6 511.24 C-84
2,4-dionato)chromium
Tris(2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5-octanedionato)iron C33H57FeO6 605.65 I-7
Tris(2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5- C33H57O6Tb 708.74 T-5
octanedionato)terbium
Tristearin C57H110O6 891.48 T-102
Tritriacontane C33H68 464.90 T-103
Troeger’s base C17H18N2 250.34 T-104
Tropine tropate C17H23NO3 289.37 A-79
L-Tryptophan C11H12N2O2 204.23 T-105
Turmeric oil N/A N/A T-106
Ubiquinone Q10 C59H90O4 863.34 C-172
1-Undecanol C11H24O 172.31 U-1
11-Undecanolactone C11H20O2 184.28 U-2
Undecanolide C11H20O2 184.28 U-2
Undecyl alcohol C11H24O 172.31 U-1
Uracil C4H4N2O2 112.09 U-3
Uranyl bis(thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) $ UO2(C8H4F3- 736.40 U-4
Phosphate Complexes O2S)2$X
Uranyl bis(trifluoroacetylacetonate) $ UO2(C5H4F3O2)2$ 655.29 U-5
Pyridine Complex C5H5N
Uranyl dinitrate $ Tributyl phosphate UO2(NO3)2$ 926.67 U-6, U-7
Complex 2(C12H27O4P)
Uranyl thenoyltrifluoroacetylacetonate $ UO2$(C10H6- 1329.09 U-8
Tributyl phosphate complex F3O3S)2$
2(C12H27O4P)
Vanillic acid C8H8O4 168.15 V-1, V-2
Vanillin C8H8O3 152.15 V-3
Vegetable oil from Buriti fruit N/A N/A V-4
cis-Verbenol C10H16O 152.23 V-5
Vitamin A C20H30O 286.45 R-5
Vitamin A Palmitate C36H60O2 524.87 V-6

(continued)

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 Solute Formula MW Data Table No.

Vitamin C C6H8O6 176.12 A-70

Vitamin D2 C28H44O 396.65 V-7, V-8
Vitamin D3 C27H44O 384.64 V-9, V-10
Vitamin E C29H50O2 430.71 T-44–T-48
Vitamin K1 C31H46O2 450.70 V-11
Vitamin K3 C11H8O2 172.18 V-12, V-13
Water H2 O 18.02 W-1–W-4
Wax N/A N/A W-5
Wool wax N/A N/A W-6
2,5-Xylenol C8H10O 122.16 X-1, N-35
2,6-Xylenol C8H10O 122.16 X-2
3,4-Xylenol C8H10O 122.16 X-3
2,5-Xylidine C8H11N 121.18 D-63
D-Xylose C5H10O5 150.13 X-4
(C)-Xylose C5H10O5 150.13 X-4
Yttrium tris(acetylacetonate) C15H21O6Y 386.23 Y-1
Yttrium tris(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) C15H3F18O6Y 746.09 Y-2
Yttrium(III) hexafluoroacetylacetonate C15H3F18O6Y 746.09 Y-2
Zinc bis(acetylacetonate) C10H14O4Zn 263.60 Z-1
Zinc bis(2,4-pentanedionate) C10H14O4Zn 263.60 Z-1
Zinc bis(trifluoroethyl)dithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc diethyldithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc dihexyldithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc dipentyldithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc dipropyldithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc dithiocarbamate complexes N/A N/A Z-2
Zinc pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate N/A N/A Z-2
Zopiclone C17H17ClN6O3 388.81 Z-3

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 Introduction

CONTENTS

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide.......................................................................................................... 2

Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide .................................................................................... 3
Measurement of Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ......................................................... 5
Static Methods .......................................................................................................................... 5
Analytical Method............................................................................................................. 5
Synthetic Method .............................................................................................................. 6
Gravimetric Method .......................................................................................................... 7
Dynamic Method ...................................................................................................................... 9
Modeling of Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ...............................................................11
Modeling with Equation of States ...........................................................................................11
Simple Density Correlation of Solubility Data .......................................................................13
Guide to Tables and Graphs............................................................................................................15
Arrangement of Tables and Graphs .........................................................................................16
Synonyms .................................................................................................................................16
Carbon Dioxide Density...........................................................................................................16
References........................................................................................................................................16

Fluids become supercritical when they are compressed beyond their critical pressures (Pc) and
simultaneously heated beyond their critical temperatures (Tc). Supercritical fluids cannot be lique-
fied even with extreme compression. However, one may increase pressure to change the density of
a fluid continuously from a gas-like state to a liquid-like state. Near the critical region, small
changes in pressure can give rise to large changes in density (Figure 1) and Appendix A). In
addition to density, diffusivity of the supercritical fluids is much higher than that of liquid solvents,
and can be easily varied. For typical conditions, diffusivity in supercritical fluids is of the order of
10K3 cm2/s as compared with 10K1 cm2/s for gases and 10K5 cm2/s for liquids. Typical viscosity
of supercritical fluids is of the order of 10K4 g/cm-s, which is about 100-fold lower than that of
liquids. The combination of high diffusivity and low viscosity provides rapid equilibration and
micropore penetration of the fluid. Various recent books explain the supercritical fluid technology
in depth (McHugh and Krukonis 1994; Taylor 1996; McHardy and Sawan 1998; Kiran et al. 2000;
Mukhopadhyay 2000; Williams and Clifford 2000; Aria et al. 2002; York et al. 2004; Gupta and
Johnston 2006).
Supercritical fluid technology has emerged as an important technique for various applications,
including production of controlled drug delivery systems, powder processing, pollution prevention
and remediation, methods for spray paint and coatings, crystallization processes, bioseparations,
food processing, polymerizations, chemical reactions, cleaning of semiconductors and precision
machinery, dyeing and dry cleaning of textiles, metal de-binding, and a variety of extractions.

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2 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

1
0.9 33 C
35 C
40 C
0.8 50 C

Density (gm/ml) 0.7

70 C
0.6
0.5 100 C

0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 50 100 150 200
Pressure (bar)

FIGURE 1 Carbon dioxide-density dependence with pressure and temperature. For density data, see Appendix A.

In many industrial applications, supercritical fluids are poised to replace the conventional solvents,
mainly due to the quality and purity of the final products and environmental benefits. There are
various supercritical fluids available, as listed in Table 1.

TABLE 1
Critical Constants and Safety Data for Selected Supercritical Fluids
Supercritical Fluid Tc (K) Pc (bar) Safety Hazard

Ethylene 282.4 50.4 Flammable gas

Trifluoromethane (fluoroform) 299.1 48.2
Chlorotrifluoromethane (freon 13) 301.8 38.8
Ethane 305.4 48.8 Flammable gas
Carbon dioxide 304.1 73.8
Dinitrogen monoxide (laughing gas) 309.6 72.4 Not combustible but enhances combustion of
other substances
Sulfur hexafluoride 318.7 37.6
Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC 142b) 410.2 40.5 Combustible under specific conditions
Propane 369.8 42.5 Extremely flammable
Ammonia 405.4 113.0 Flammable and toxic
Dimethyl ether (wood ether) 400.0 52.4 Extremely flammable
Trichlorofluoromethane (freon 11, R 11) 471.2 44.1
Isopropanol 508.3 47.6 Highly flammable
Cyclohexane 553.8 40.7 Highly flammable
Toluene 591.8 41.0 Highly flammable
Water 647.3 221.2

SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

Out of the fluids listed in Table 1, carbon dioxide is the supercritical fluid of choice because it is
nonflammable, nontoxic, inexpensive, and has near-ambient critical temperature. Hence, much of

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Introduction 3

the attention in supercritical fluid technology has been given to carbon dioxide-based processes.
Carbon dioxide (OaCaO) is a nonpolar molecule, with a small polarity due to the presence of a
quadrupole moment. Supercritical carbon dioxide can be described as hydrophobic solvent with
polarity comparable to that of n-hexane. Hence, nonpolar or light molecules easily dissolve in
supercritical CO2, whereas the polar or heavy molecules (e.g., polymers, disperse dyes, aliphatic
fatty acids and their esters, aromatic acids, proteins, fish oils, metal complexes, etc.) have very poor
solubilities. Some light organic compounds, either polar or nonpolar (e.g., acetone, methanol,
ethanol, toluene, hexane, menthol, etc.), are used as cosolvents (also often called entrainers or
modifiers) to enhance the solvating power and polarity of carbon dioxide.
Supercritical carbon dioxide has been industrially used in a variety of processes, including
coffee decaffeination, tea decaffeination, and extraction of fatty acids from spent barley, pyrethrum,
hops, spices, flavors, fragrances, corn oil, and color from red peppers. Other applications include
polymerization, polymer fractionation, particle formation for pharmaceutical and military use,
textile dyeing, and cleaning of machine and electronic parts.

SOLUBILITY IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

Solubility is the most important criterion affecting the efficacy of most of the supercritical fluid
processes. For example, solubility can have a direct impact on the rate, yield, design, and economy of
the process. Depending on the process of interest, either a high solubility or extremely low solubility
may be desired. For example, high solubility is required in supercritical extraction processes. On the
other hand, low solubility is required for CO2/organic solvent mixtures used in the supercritical
antisolvent precipitation processes to manufacture particles (Chattopadhyay and Gupta 2001; 2002;
Thote and Gupta 2005; Gupta and Kompella, 2006). Here the solubility affects yield, cost, and, most
importantly, the size and morphology of the product. In the precipitation processes, nucleation is
a strong function of supersaturation, which, in turn, depends on solubility. Solubility can have a
remarkable effect on precipitation kinetics. For example, in the case of acetaminophen (Shekunov
1999), at 80 bar and 358 K, low solubility (w10K8 mole fraction) results in high supersaturation,
high nucleation, and fast crystal growth, producing 1-–3-mm size particles. Whereas, at 250 bar and
353 K, high solubility (w10K5 mole fraction) results in low supersaturation and produces milli-
meter-sized acicular crystals in low yield. Similarly, in rapid expansion of supercritical solution to
produce particles, solubility plays a key role (Thakur and Gupta 2005).
The variation in solvent strength of a supercritical fluid from gas-like to liquid-like values may
be described qualitatively in terms of the density parameter, r, or the solubility parameter, d (square
root of the cohesive energy density) calculated as (Williams et al. 2004):

DE vE vP
d2 Z z ZT KP (1)
v T vv T vT v

where E is the internal energy, and v is the molar volume. Molar volume or density of supercritical
fluids is highly pressure/temperature dependent and can be varied from gas-like to liquid-like
values, as shown in Figure 1. Similar characteristics are observed for plots of other density-depen-
dent variables, such as enthalpy, entropy, viscosity, and diffusivity, versus pressure. The d for
gaseous carbon dioxide is essentially zero; whereas, the value for liquid carbon dioxide is like
that of a hydrocarbon (Figure 2). At 308C, there is a large increase in d upon condensation from
vapor to liquid. Above the critical temperature, it is possible to tune the solubility parameter
continuously over a wide range, with either a small isothermal pressure change or a small isobaric
temperature change. This ability to tune the solvent strength of a supercritical fluid is its unique
feature, and it can be used to extract and then recover selected products. Note that density and d are
more direct measures of the solvent strength of a supercritical fluid than pressure. Solubility
improves as the difference between solubility parameter of solute and supercritical CO2 decreases.

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4 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

25
25
20
20 Liquid
15
δ(MPA)1/2

15
Supercritical 10
10 fluid
5
5 0
0 50
Gas 40
250 30
)
300 20 Pa
T (K 350 (M
10 P
) 400
450 0

FIGURE 2 Solubility parameter of CO2. (From Williams, L. L., Rubin, J. B., and Edwards, H. W., Ind. Eng.
Chem. Res., 4316, 4967–4972, 2004. With permission.)

A common feature of solubility data for single solutes dissolved in a supercritical fluid is the
existence of what has been termed crossover pressure (Chimowitz and Pennisi 1986). This is a
pressure around which isotherms at various near-critical temperatures tend to converge. Figure 3
shows this behavior for phenanthrene solubility in carbon dioxide. Below the crossover pressure,
an isobaric increase in temperature causes a solubility decrease, so that the solute is retrograde.

4500
313 K
323 K
333 K

3000
y × 106

1500

0
0 100 200 300 400
P (bar)

FIGURE 3 Mole fraction solubility (y) of phenanthrene in supercritical carbon dioxide versus pressure. (From
Anitescu, G. and Tavlarides, L. L., J. Supercrit. Fluids, 10(3), 175–189, 1997.). Three isothermal lines cross at
the “crossover pressure” of 165 bar.

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Introduction 5

Above the crossover pressure, the opposite effect occurs. This behavior can be understood by
considering two opposing effects of temperature on solubility (Chimowitz 2005). The vapor
pressure of the solid solute always increases with temperature, while the density (or solvent
power) of supercritical carbon dioxide decreases. Below the crossover pressure where the compres-
sibility is larger, the density effect dominates, and the solubility decreases with increasing
temperature. At pressures above the crossover pressure, the vapor-pressure effect dominates;
hence solubility increases with temperature.

MEASUREMENT OF SOLUBILITY IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

Solubility is typically defined as mole fraction (y2) or weight fraction (w2) of solute in the super-
critical fluid, which is in equilibrium with the bulk solute. The early solubility measurements were
done in near-critical liquid carbon dioxide (61.3 bar, 298 K) by Francis (1954), in which he visually
determined solubility of 261 organic compounds. A compilation of temperature and pressure ranges
and the measurement method employed is provided by Bartle et al. (1991) for solubility of low
volatile compounds in supercritical CO2 published until 1989. Since then, various methods to
measure solubility in supercritical fluids have been reviewed in the literature (Brunner 1994;
McHugh and Krukonis 1994; Dohrn and Brunner 1995; Schneider 1998; Bristow et al. 2001;
Christov and Dohrn 2002; Galia et al. 2002; Aim and Fermeglia 2003; Pauchon et al. 2004;
Knox 2005). These methods can be divided into two major categories: static and dynamic.

STATIC METHODS
In these methods, the solute is allowed to be in static contact for a long time with the supercritical
fluid in order to reach equilibrium. Depending on sampling and the type of high-pressure vessel
used, there are three variations: analytical, synthetic, and gravimetric.

Analytical Method
In this method, a constant volume equilibrium vessel is used in which a compound is equilibrated
with a known amount of supercritical fluid. A small sample of the fluid phase is removed and
analyzed for concentration of the solute. For illustration, the basic apparatus of Sung and Shim
(1999) is shown in Figure 4, and a more advanced apparatus of Bristow et al. (2001) is shown in
Figure 5. The sample vessel is filled with the solute, and then vacuum is applied to remove air.
Known amounts of cosolvent (if needed) and carbon dioxide are then pumped into the system.
The fluid is allowed to contact solute by a recirculation pump to significantly reduce the equili-
bration time. Typically, a magnetic pump is used, as it has a small inside volume. Once
equilibrium is reached, a small volume of sample is withdrawn, using a sample loop attached
to the switching valve. The sample can be sent directly to high-pressure liquid chromatography
for online analysis or collected for off-line analyses using other techniques. Solubility of solute,
y2, in mole fractions is calculated as

n2 n2
y2 Z z (2)
n1 C n2 Vr1 C n2

where n1 and n2 are the moles of carbon dioxide and solute collected from the sample loop,
respectively. For dilute solute concentrations, moles of carbon dioxide are approximated as the
product of sample volume (V) and pure CO2 molar density (r1), as shown in Equation 2. When
using a cosolvent, Equation 2 is modified so that n1 represents the sum of CO 2 and
cosolvent moles.

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6 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

VP To vent
P Solvent flush P
6 Glass
wool

Dye
1 3
2
Equilibrium
cell Dye
reservoir
CO2

Pressure
generator 4

Magnetic 5 Glass wool

pump filter
Solvent
trap
Constant temperature bath

FIGURE 4 Basic apparatus for solubility measurements using a static/analytical method. VP is vacuum pump
and connection for solvent flush, 1–6 are valves, and P comprises pressure gauges. Operation steps: (a)
evacuate the entire apparatus with all valves open except for valves 1 and 5; (b) isolate the apparatus by
closing valve 6; (c) deliver CO2 from the cylinder to the apparatus at a desired pressure by operating pressure
generator and opening valve 1; (d) close valve 1 and circulate CO2 using magnetic pump for about 2 hours to
reach equilibrium; (e) close valves 3 and 4 to isolate the CO2C solute fluid mixture; (f) open valve 5 to release
the fluid mixture into the solvent trap; (g) flow solvent to flush the solute deposited onto the walls; and (h)
analyze the solution in the trap for solute concentration. (From Sung, H.-D. and Shim, J.-J., J. Chem. Eng.
Data, 44(5), 985–989, 1999.)

Synthetic Method
A variable volume view cell (Figure 6) is used for adjusting operating conditions. Typically,
the vessel is equipped with a sapphire window for visual observations. A fixed amount of solute
is dissolved into a known amount of supercritical fluid. Conditions are then adjusted to gradually
reduce the solubility of the mixture and cause precipitation. The beginning of the precipitation, that
is, the cloud point, is recorded as a measure of solubility condition. For measuring cloud point, a
physical property can be used whose first derivative with respect to the modulated variables
undergoes a sharp change when the phase transition occurs. For a given solute/fluid loading,
many solubility points can be measured by varying temperature and pressure independently.
This method does not require sample collection or its analysis. Solubility is calculated as

n2
y2 Z (3)
n 1 C n2

where n1 and n2 are the moles of carbon dioxide and solute taken in the variable-volume view
cell, respectively.
The synthetic method is very convenient for determining binary-phase equilibria and phase
boundaries in multicomponent mixtures. The measurements can be performed in a relatively short
time. Another interesting feature of this method is the low mass of the solute required to investigate
a wide range of composition. Synthetic methods cannot be used for solutes that have the same

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Introduction 7

Sample loop vent

Oven HPLC
SW2 pump
Pressure transducer
SW1

V3
Mobile
Sample phase
loop reservoir
Magnetic
recirculation Sample
pump vessel
Sample
collection

V4
V2
V1

V5 CO2
Heat Co-solvent pump
Check exchangers pump
valves
SW3

CO2
BPR bottle

Solvent
Solvent-CO2 Mixing
reservoir
equilibration vent chamber

Vacuum pump

FIGURE 5 Apparatus for solubility measurements using a static/analytical method. V symbols represent
valves to turn flows on or off, and SW represents switching valves to divert flows. (From Bristow, S.,
Shekunov, B. Y., and York, P., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40(7), 1732–1739, 2001, reproduced with permission
from the American Chemical Society.)

refractive index as CO2. Accuracy of the visual cloud point determination increased with the
difference in the two refractive indices. For opaque systems or for solutes with near-CO2 refractive
indices, alternate nonvisual techniques have been proposed such as the use of transmitted x-ray
(Abedi et al. 1999) for determining phase transition.

Gravimetric Method
In this method, solute is kept in a small vial inside the pressure vessel containing supercritical fluid
(Sherman et al. 2000; Galia et al. 2002). The lid of the vial is such that the dissolved molecular
solute can easily permeate through it, but the solute particles cannot (Figure 7). In a typical
experiment, a solute of known amount is placed in a vial and the vessel is filled with a fluid.

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8 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

11
8
T P
5 9
1
2 4 7 10

6
3

FIGURE 6 Variable-volume view cell for use in the static/synthetic method of solubility measurement.
Components follow: variable volume cell (1), screw pump (2), magnetic stirrer (3), magnetic bar (4), upper
sampling line (5), lower sampling line (6), sapphire window (7), thermostated bath (8), light source (9), video
camera (10), and monitor (11). (From Crampton, C., Charbit, G., and Neau, E., J. Supercrit. Fluids, 16(1),
11–20, 1999, reproduced with permission from Elsevier.)

Then, the fluid reaches the vial, dissolves the solute, and brings it out. Over time, the bulk of the
fluid reaches the same equilibrium concentration as the fluid inside the vial. The vessel is then
solely depressurized, and the mass of remaining solute in the vial is gravimetrically measured. The
solubility of the solute is then calculated as

Dn2 Dn2
y2 Z z (4)
Dn1 C Dn2 r1 DV C Dn2

where Dn2 is the initial minus final moles of solute in the vial, Dn1 is the total moles of CO2 minus
that in the vial, DV is the vessel minus vial volume, and r1 is the molar density of CO2.
Although the method is relatively simple, it can be effectively used only for solids that exhibit
solubility greater than 10K3 mole fraction, that do not melt under the experimental conditions, and
that absorb a negligible amount of carbon dioxide. The modification by Galia et al. (2002) extends
this method to the solids with solubility of the order of 10K5 mole fraction. However, the drawback

Pressure
transducer
CO2 PT CO2
intake outlet

Sapphire
window
Thermowell

Filter paper External

5 mL vial Teflon tape Perforated stir bar
Internal stir bar disc

FIGURE 7 Pressure vessel for use in static/gravimetric method. (From Sherman, G., Shenoy, S., Weiss, R. A.,
and Erkey, C., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 39(3), 846–848, 2000, reproduced with permission from the American
Chemical Society.)

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Introduction 9

of the need of excessive time required to obtain equilibrium persists. This method has not been
widely adopted due to low accuracy.
In the static methods, inaccuracies may arise due to leaks from a large number of valves and
fittings. Hence, care must be taken to ensure a leak-proof apparatus. In addition, errors may also arise
from the multiple samplings, especially when data at multiple pressures and temperatures are
collected from a single solute/carbon dioxide loading. Withdrawing a large sample from the equili-
bration cell can cause a considerable pressure drop, which disturbs the phase equilibrium
significantly. In-line analysis can overcome the problem due to sample withdrawals. Ultraviolet,
visible, and near-infrared spectroscopies have been successfully used for this in-line analysis
of solute concentration (Haarhaus et al. 1995; Tuma and Schneider 1999; Wagner et al. 1999). A
sectional drawing of a spectroscopic high-pressure cell of Wagner et al. (1999) is shown in Figure 8.

DYNAMIC METHOD
In this method, the vessel is filled with a solute, and a supercritical fluid continuously flows through
the vessel. Mild flow rate is used so that the outlet stream is assumed to reach equilibrium, which is
then analyzed for the solute concentration by chromatographic, spectroscopic, gravimetric, dielec-
tric, and other techniques. The apparatus used by Bristow et al. (2001) is shown in Figure 9. Here,
solute is filled in the sample vessel. Continuous flows of supercritical fluid or a fluid mixture with
cosolvent are maintained. For on-line analysis, such as using UV detector, the fluid mixture is
bypassed directly to the analyzer for baseline correction, and then the fluid is allowed to pass
through the sample vessel. For off-line analysis, the sample is collected in the solvent or cold
trap for a given period of time (t), and then analyzed for solute amount. Solubility is calculated as

n2 n2
y2 Z Z (5)
n 1 C n2 Q 1 r1 t C n2

where n1 and n2 are the moles of carbon dioxide and solute collected in time t, respectively, Q1 is
volumetric flow rate of carbon dioxide, and r1 is molar density of carbon dioxide, both at the same
conditions (typically, back-pressure regulator exit conditions).
Benefits of dynamic methods can be summarized as follows:

† The apparatus can be assembled from easily available parts.

† The sampling procedure is simple.
† A large amount of data can be obtained in a short time.
† In addition to equilibrium, fractionation data can be obtained.
† Carbon dioxide flow measurement can be done with a simple gas flow meter at the exit.

Shortcomings of the dynamic methods include:

† A major factor that affects the dynamic method is the mass-transfer rate between fluid and
solute. There is always a possibility that the solute concentration has not reached its equilibrium
value. Hence, experiments should be done by further increasing the residence time of the fluid,
to ascertain that the equilibrium has been reached. The mass transfer rate can change over time if
the supercritical carbon dioxide causes agglomeration of the solute particles, or the overall
particle surface area is reduced by dissolution of small particles in early experimental runs.
To improve mass transfer by having a high surface area, the solute is typically coated onto silica
beads (e.g., 300 mm diameter) before being loaded into the sample vessel.
† Heavy solutes can clog the exit restrictor or metering valve that may cause solute hold-up,
resulting in a lower amount of solute collected in the trap than the equilibrium amount. In fact,
most nonreproducible solubilities may be attributed to erratic flow due to a plugged restrictor.

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10 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Nonmagnetic wire

High-pressure connector
Bridgman piston

Cylinder screw

Flange

Teflon o-ring
Pressure ring
Piston head

Teflon sealing High-pressure cell

Piston base
Piston support
Steel cap

Sapphire window

Teflon ring S N
Stirrer
Magnet
Conical
steel insert Support for stirrer

Window screw

100 mm

FIGURE 8 Sectional drawing of the spectroscopic high-pressure cell. (From Wagner, B., Nishioka, M., Tuma,
D., Maiwald, M., and Schneider, G. M., J. Supercrit. Fluids, 16(2), 157–165, 1999. With permission.)

† Entrainment of solute droplets or solid fine particles can occur at high flow rates, resulting in
more solute collection in the trap than the equilibrium amount.
† At high pressures, if the density of supercritical carbon dioxide is higher than the solute, the
solute can float and be pushed out of the column, resulting in much higher solute collection in
the trap compared to the equilibrium amount.
† When solute mixtures are used, care must be taken so as not to deplete one of the components.
† If the solute phase undergoes phase transition, it can remain undetected unless a sapphire solute
vessel is used.

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Introduction 11

Vent

Mass flow
meter
Oven
BPR

SW2
UV Solvent
detector trap

Heat
Sample exchangers
vessel

CO2
pump
Solvent
pump

SW1 CO2
bottle
Solvent
reservoir

FIGURE 9 Apparatus for the determination of solubility using a dynamic method. BPR, back pressure
regulator to maintain constant pressure in system; SW, switching valves to divert flows. (From Bristow, S.,
Shekunov, B. Y., and York, P., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40(7), 1732–1739, 2001, reproduced with permission
from the American Chemical Society.)

MODELING OF SOLUBILITY IN SUPECRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

MODELING WITH EQUATION OF STATES
The solubility increases with increase in pressure at a fixed temperature, owing to enhanced
solvation due to greater attractive forces between the solute and carbon dioxide. A fundamental
relationship for phase equilibrium (Prausnitz et al. 1999) can be used to relate fugacities of the
solute in the solid and fluid phases as follows:
f2s Z f2v (6)

where f with superscript s stands for solid phase and v, for the supercritical fluid phase. For the
supercritical fluid phase, fugacity is written as a function of solute mole fraction (y2) and fugacity
coefficient (f2):
f2v Z y2 f2 P (7)

When the solid phase is considered a pure phase, fugacity in the solid phase can be written as
0 1
ðP s
B v2 C
f2s Z Ps2 fs2 exp@ dPA (8)
RT
Ps2

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12 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

where T is temperature, P is pressure, vs2 is the molar volume of the solid solute, Ps2 is vapor pressure
of the solid, and R is gas constant (8.314 J/molK). Due to the low vapor pressures, the values of fs2
can be taken unity for most solutes that do not have a strong tendency of association. In addition,
due to the incompressibility of the solids, values of vs2 can be assumed to be pressure independent.
Hence, the solubility of a solid solute (y2) in CO2 fluid can be written as

Ps2 1 vs ðPKPs2 Þ
y2 Z exp 2 (9)
P f2 RT

vs ðPKPs Þ
where f12 exp 2 RT 2 is termed as the enhancement factor and P2s/P is the solubility in the ideal
gas. The most important term in the above equation is f2, which can be far from unity and thus
responsible for enhancement factor of as high as 1000 or even higher.
The fugacity of the solute in fluid phase (f2) can be calculated from (Prausnitz et al. 1999):

ðv
vP RT Pv
RT ln f2 Z K dvKRT ln (10)
vn2 T;v;n1 v RT
N

where n2 is the number of moles of solute, n1 is the number of moles of CO2, and v is the molar
volume of the mixture. A suitable equation of state can be used to perform the integration and
evaluate v. A popular equation of state is the one developed by Peng and Robinson (1976) using
interaction parameters a and b:

RT a
PZ K (11)
vKb vðv C bÞ C bðvKbÞ

From Equation 11, the equation to evaluate fugacity coefficient f2 is derived as

b2
Pv PðvKbÞ
ln f2 Z K1 Kln
b
RT RT
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
a 2ðy1 a1 a2 ð1Kk12 Þ C y2 a2 Þ b2 v C 2:414b
K pffiffiffi K ln (12)
2 2bRT a b vK0:414b

where b2 and a2 are size and energy parameters for pure component 2. Similarly, for component 1,
they are given as

RTc1 RTc2
b1 Z 0:07780 ; b2 Z 0:07780 (13)
Pc1 Pc2
RTc1
2 h pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi i2
a1 Z 0:45724 1 C ð0:37464 C 1:54226u1 K0:26992u21 Þð1K T=Tc1 Þ (14)
Pc1
RTc2
2 h pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi i2
a2 Z 0:45724 1 C ð0:37464 C 1:54226u2 K0:26992u22 Þð1K T=Tc2 Þ (15)
Pc2

Mixture, size, and energy parameters can be evaluated using van der Waals one-fluid mixing
rules and usual combining rules with binary parameters, as in
pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
a Z y21 a1 C 2y1 y2 a1 a2 ð1Kk12 Þ C y22 a2 ; b Z y21 b1 C y1 y2 ðb1 C b2 Þð1Kc12 Þ C y22 b2 (16)

where c12 and k12 are adjustable parameters due to solute-CO2 interactions that are not accounted
for. For evaluation of parameters, various nonquadratic mixing rules are also available (Prausnitz et

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Introduction 13

100
313.15 K
333.15 K
363.15 K
393.15 K
PR EOS
y2 × 106

10

10 20 30
Pressure (Mpa)

FIGURE 10 The solubility of C. I. Disperse Orange 30 dye in supercritical carbon dioxide as a function of
pressure. Lines are calculated with Peng-Robinson equation of state (Equation 12). (From Baek, J.-K., Kim, S.,
Lee, G.-S., and Shim, J.-J., Korean J. Chem. Eng., 21(1), 230–235, 2004.)

al. 1999; Sandler 1994). One example for the solubility of a dispersed dye calculated by using the
above equation is shown in Figure 10 (Baek et al. 2004).

SIMPLE DENSITY CORRELATION OF SOLUBILITY DATA

Solubility increases with pressure at a constant temperature. As mentioned earlier, solubility
behavior appears complex. For example, solubility isotherms intersect each other as shown in
Figure 11. However, the complexity disappears when log-scale solubility isotherms are plotted
versus density (Kumar and Johnston 1988; Bartle et al. 1991; Shim and Johnston 1991; Özcan et al.
1997; Mendez-Santiago and Teja 1999). Bartle et al. (1991) and Özcan et al. (1997) derived an
empirical equation for poor-solubility solutes correlating a modified enhancement factor (yP/Pref)
with fluid density, together with a term to correct the effect of temperature. Fat’hi et al. (1998)
Mendez-Santiago and Teja (1999) derived a semiempirical equation from the theory of Chrastil
(1982) and Levelt Sengers (1991), respectively, to correlate the logarithm of solute concentration
with fluid density.
Kumar and Johnston (1988) derived the semilog and the log–log relationship between solubility
and density that can explain the near-linear behavior. Sung and Shim (1999) modified Kumar and
Johnston’s equations into simpler forms that are similar to those of Fat’hi et al. (1998) and Özcan
et al. (1997):
ln y Z A C B=T C Cr1 (17)
ln y Z A 0 C B 0 =T C C 0 ln r1 (18)

where y is the mole fraction solubility, T is the absolute temperature (K), r1 is the molar density of
fluid (mol/L), and A, B, C, A 0 , B 0 , and C 0 are constants specific to the given solute. Using above
relationship, Sung and Shim (1999) obtained linear, parallel-solubility isotherms from the semilog
plots (Figure 12). Kumar and Johnston (1988) showed that the ratio of the solute’s partial molar
volume in the supercritical fluid and the isothermal compressibility of the fluid (k) is not a constant
but a function of temperature, making the constant C 0 a function of T. Therefore, the constant A 0 in

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14 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

150
313.15 K
333.15 K
363.15 K
393.15 K
100
423.15 K

y x 106

50

0
50 150 250 350
P (bar)

FIGURE 11 Complex behavior of solubility of C. I. Disperse Red 60 dye versus pressure. Lines are best fits.
(From Sung, H.-D. and Shim, J.-J., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44(5), 985–989, 1999.)

Equation 19 may be expressed as a function of temperature, resulting in the following equation:

ln y Z a C b=T C ðc C d=TÞln r1 (19)

where a, b, c and d are constants. The solubility isotherms in the log–log plot are linear but the
slopes decrease with temperature as shown in Figure 13. The semilog relationship with three

100 313.15 K
333.15 K
363.15 K
393.15 K
Eq 17
y × 106

10

0 5 10 15 20
Density (mol/L)

FIGURE 12 Linear behavior of solubility of C. I. Disperse Orange 30 dye (in logarithm scale) versus density.
Lines are those correlated with Equation 17. (From Baek, J.-K., Kim, S., Lee, G.-S., and Shim, J.-J., Korean J.
Chem. Eng., 21(1), 230–235, 2004.)

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Introduction 15

313.15 K
100 333.15 K
363.15 K
393.15 K
423.15K
Eq 19
y2 × 106
10

10.0
Density (mol/L)

FIGURE 13 Solubility isotherms of C. I. Disperse Red 60 dye with varying slopes with temperature in
supercritical carbon dioxide. Lines are correlated with Equation 19. (From Sung, H.-D. and Shim, J.-J.,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44(5), 985–989, 1999.)

constants is obviously simpler than the log–log relationship with four constants. However, either
equation can be used to predict solubility of the sparingly soluble solutes at densities between 3 and
20 mol/L without a large error. Although the exact density for extremum depends on the type of
solutes, a solubility minimum generally occurs at a density lower than 3 mol/L and a maximum
above 15 mol/L. This interesting behavior has been analyzed by Kurnik and Reid (1981) and
verified experimentally by Swaid et al. (1985), Swidersky et al. (1996), and Kraska et al. (2002).
In addition to the two general modeling approaches discussed above, there are numerous
efforts published in the literature that are not discussed here. Variations have come about due
to the use of different equations of state, by accounting for specific interactions, and by using
molecular modeling.
This book provides a compilation of the published data on solubility in supercritical carbon
dioxide. Data are presented in both tabular and graphical formats. Extrapolation of the data can be
performed using the above correlations, that is, the model parameters can be regressed to the
available data and then a prediction is made for extended conditions. In the graphs, smooth lines
connecting data points are drawn as visual aids; these lines are not results of any model correlations.

GUIDE TO TABLES AND GRAPHS

This compilation includes published data from the early 1960s to 2004. The data are presented
here in the form of 1217 tables, covering 783 different compounds. Any misprinted solubility data
have been identified by drawing them or by comparing with the graphs in the same source or with
those in other sources. In the case of inconsistent data, we contacted original authors for confir-
mation of the data. When confirmation was not received, we corrected the data using figures and/or
tables in the same source or from the author’s other publications. When the data in the source article
are presented only in graphical form, especially in a logarithmic plot with a small span,
we contacted authors to obtain the original numerical data. If the original data were not received,
we extracted the data from the graphs by digitizing them using a drawing program. Furthermore,
any inaccuracy in the names, molecular formula, and molecular weight in the sources was checked

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16 Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

with SciFinder Scholar (from Chemical Abstract Services) and various other sources. For metal
complexes, complex formulas and formula weights (FW) are provided. Instead of SI units, we
selected more popular units such as bar, grams per kilogram, and moles per liter for pressure, mass
and molar solubilities, and density of fluid, respectively. However, temperature is provided in K.
Although solubility data are reported in various forms such as y, w, M, S, or W (see
Abbreviations listing for details). In this book, solubility data are presented as mole fraction
solubility, y ! 106, for easy comparison of the solubilities. Therefore, the molar or mass solu-
bility, including M, S, or W, were converted to y with known MW or FW of the compound. For
materials such as polymers or mixtures whose molecular weights are not known, the solubility
(M, S, or W) in the source was converted to the mass fraction solubility, w!106.

ARRANGEMENT OF TABLES AND GRAPHS

The tables are arranged alphabetically by compound name. When multiple tables are available for
the same compounds, the tables for solubility in pure CO2 appear first, followed by those in
cosolvent-modified CO2. The tables for pure CO2 are arranged in the order of the first author’s
name, while the tables for the cosolvent-modified CO2 are arranged by the name of the cosol-
vents. Each table consists of three to five columns, including those for temperature (T), pressure
(P), the name and amount of cosolvent (if any), the molar solubility (M) or mass solubility (S or
W) (if any), and the mole fraction solubility (y) or mass fraction solubility (w). When tempera-
tures are the same, subsequent temperature values are omitted in each row block, as it is the same
as the temperature at the top row of the block. The data in graphical form are provided as a visual
aid and placed on the right side of corresponding tables. Here, mole fraction solubility or weight
fraction solubility is plotted versus pressure. When possible, smooth curves through the data
points are shown as a visual aid. The number of significant figures for the solubility data has
been kept to less than four, considering experimental uncertainty.

SYNONYMS
Chemical compounds typically have several different names. In this book, synonyms have been
added to each compound for the convenience of readers with diverse backgrounds. These
compound synonyms were chosen from SciFinder Scholar, and by referring to CrossFire, Chem-
Draw, the Aldrich catalogue, and chemistry faculty members for difficult names.

CARBON DIOXIDE DENSITY

The density data of carbon dioxide was obtained from the National Institute of Standards and
Technology website for thermophysical properties (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry, July 2005).
For CO2, this source employs Span and Wagner (1996) for the calculation of PVT properties. For the
convenience of readers, pure CO2 density, covering both one phase and two phases, is provided in
Appendix A (Table A.1–Table A.3 and Figure A.1) for temperatures in the range from the triple point
216.59 (the trible point of CO2) to 1073.15 K, and pressures in the range of 1 to 2000 bar.

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Bartle, K. D., Clifford, A. A., Jafar, S. A., and Shilstone, G. F., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20(4), 13–56, 1991.

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Introduction 17

Bristow, S., Shekunov, B. Y., and York, P., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 40(7), 1732–1739, 2001.
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Bruno, T. J. and Ely, J. F., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 1–56, 1991.
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Özcan, A. S., Clifford, A. A., Bartle, K. D., and Lewis, D. M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 590–592, 1997.
Pauchon, V., Cisse, Z., Chavret, M., and Jose, J., J. Supercrit. Fluids, 32(1–3), 115–121, 2004.
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Shekunov, B. Yu, Hanna, M., and York, P., J. Cryst. Growth, 198–199, 1999. See also p. 1345.
Sherman, G., Shenoy, S., Weiss, R. A., and Erkey, C., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 39(3), 846–848, 2000.
Shim, J.-J. and Johnston, K. P., J. Phys. Chem., 95, 353–360, 1991.
Span, R. and Wagner, W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 25(6), 1509–1596, 1996.
Sung, H.-D. and Shim, J.-J., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44(5), 985–989, 1999.
Swaid, I., Nickel, D., and Schneider, G. M., Fluid Phase Equil., 21, 95–112, 1985.
Swidersky, P., Tuma, D., and Schneider, G. M., J. Supercrit. Fluids 9, 12–18, 1996.
Taylor, L. T., Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Wiley, New York, 1996.
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