HGE Comprehensive Test - April 2024

1. A smooth vertical wall 5m high retaining a sand of unit weight 17 kN/m^3 for which
σ=35° and C=tetha, the surface of the sand is horizontal and the water table is below
the bottom of the wall. Consider 1m width of wall.
a.) 59.9
b.) 57.6
c.) 64
d.) 46.1
2. For a dry sandy soil, a direct shear test was performed its vertical normal force was
12.49kPa and the measured shear force was 7.92. Determine the angle of internal
friction of the soil.
a.) 57.6
b.) 32.4
c.) 28.1
d.) 23.4
tan-'(7%9)
3. 350 mm diameter and 12m pile is driven to ground where Cu=100kPa, α=0.47, Nc=9.
Estimate the shaft load capacity.
a.) 527
b.) 474 X
c.) 422
d.) 620 ~
4. Airplane at altitude 10 km dropped to 6 km. Unit weight of air = 12kN/m3. What is the
change in pressure?
a.) 24
b.) 48
c.) 36
d.) 12
5. Atmospheric pressure is equal to water column head of
a.) 9.81m
b.) 5.0m
c.) 10.3m
d.) 7.5m
6. A fireman has to put out a fire but is blocked by a firewall. To reach over the wall, he
directed the water jet from the nozzle at an angle 30° to the horizontal. Evaluate the
velocity of water, in m/sec, leaving the nozzle of this hose to reach over the wall if he
stands 30 meters away from the wall and the wall is standing 2m higher than the nozzle
of the hose. Neglect friction in the jet.
a) 16.8
b) 20.6
 c) 18.2
d) 19.6
7. A barge weighing 359kN when empty is 6m wide, 15m long and 3m high. Floating
upright, evaluate the draft of the barge in meters when transporting 5000 bags of
cement along a river, each bag having a mass of 40kg. Assume the specific gravity of

W=BF}
the water in the river to be 1.02.
a) 2.14 W-3591-5880/407/9.81) 2321=1.02/4.81)
b) 3.05
c) 1.98 52321 1000 (6L/5) (x))
d) 2.57 ✗ -2.57
SITUATION: A concrete dam of trapezoidal cross-section, with one face vertical, has a
thickness of 0.60m at the top and 4.2m at the bottom. It is 7m high and has a horizontal
base. The vertical face is subjected to a water pressure, the water standing 6m above
the base. The weight of concrete is 24kN/m^3 per meter length of dam, evaluate:
8. The total hydrostatic force on dam in kN
a) 163.28
b) 176.58 TFO.SHE
c) 133.24
d) 149.14 = 0.519.8N/6)-(1) = 176.58
Wa -24/0.6)(7) (l)
9. The resisting moment of the dam to overturning in kN-m.
a) 1118.90 kN-m 0. 3=114
b) 1231.52 kN-m 2. 6 =,10-(89) +3.6
c) 1014.36 kN-m = 3.9
Wc,-24/0.5/3-6)(7)) RM-/00.8/3.9)
d) 1378.21 kN-m
0. 6 t = 302.4
10. FS against overturning. 6 "=⅔(3.61 302.4/2.4)
a) 2.53
3.6! - 2.4 118.88
b) 2.92
c) 3.17
d) 3.54
4.2 FS =3.# OM-176.586161)
-353.16
11. A closed cylindrical tank 4 m long having a radius of 1.5 m is fully filled with water,
and is placed on a car moving at an acceleration of 2.5 m/s^2. How much force is acting
on the back side of the tank?
a) 69.34 kN
b) 9.81 kN
c) 2.5 kN
d) 17.67 kN

12. From a nozzle of diameter 300mm, water flows out vertically under a constant head
of 25mm. The coefficient of velocity and discharge of the issuing jet is equal to 0.98.
Evaluate at what constant height, in meters, vertically from the tip of the nozzle, would
the jet of water support a load of 300 kN.
 a. 5.3 b. 2.5 c. 1.6 d. 4.5

13. A vessel has a circular orifice 6 cm in diameter located at its vertical side under a
head h. The jet strikes a horizontal plane 10 m below the center of the orifice at a point
24 m measured horizontally from the vertical plane of the orifice. If air friction is
neglected and Cv = 0.98 determine the value of h.

a. 12 m b. 14 m c. 5m d. 13 m

14. What will be the discharge in L/s through a 25 mm orifice (C = 0.61) in the bottom of
a tank moving upward with an acceleration of 3 m/s2 if water stands 2.50 m over the
orifice?

a. 2.10 b. 2.62 c. 2.32 d. 2.40

15. A triaxial shear test was performed on a well- drained sand sample. The normal
stress on the failure plane and the shearing stress on the failure plane were determined
to be 63kPa and 42kPa respectively. Determine the angle, in degrees of friction with
respect to the horizontal plane.
a. 42.17 deg
b. 33.69 deg 42 33. 69 R
c. 48.15 deg
d. 39.84 deg
16. Determine the angle in degrees of the failure plane with respect to the horizontal
plane.
a. 61.85 deg
b. 68.91 deg
c. 48.86 deg
d. 53.53 deg
17. Determine the axial stress applied to the specimen, in kPa.

a. 112.36 kPa
b. 128.11 kPa
c. 138.42 kPa
d. 141.48 kPa

18. Select the correct statement from the following:

a. Soil is the substance existing on the earth's surface, which grows and develops
plants
b. Soil is the material in a relatively thin surface zone within which roots occur, and
rest of the crust is termed as rock irrespective of hardness
15.)

42 ☑ .

63

0=33.69
16.)
t=4st ⅔
= 61.8450
17.)
 c. Soil is the unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic
particles covering the earth's crust
d. All the above
19. Voids ratio of a soil can
a. Never be greater than unity
b. Be zero
c. Take any value greater than zero
d. Take values between 0 and 1 only
SITUATION. A thick layer of clay underlies a sand formation having a thickness of 5m.
The groundwater is located 2m below the ground surface. Specific gravity of sand and
clay is 2.65 with sand having an average void ratio of 0.52. The clay has a water
content of 42%.
20. Compute the saturated unit weight of clay.
a. 10.18 b. 11.30 c. 12.46 d. 17.47

21. Compute the total stress at a depth of 10m below the ground surface.
3 3 3 3
a. 171. 10𝐾𝑁/𝑚 b. 182. 93𝐾𝑁/𝑚 c. 120. 46𝐾𝑁/𝑚 d. 105. 81𝐾𝑁/𝑚

22. Compute the effective stress at a depth of 10m below the ground surface.
3 3 3 3
a. 153. 5𝐾𝑁/𝑚 b. 115. 2𝐾𝑁/𝑚 c. 169. 1𝐾𝑁/𝑚 d. 147. 3𝐾𝑁/𝑚

SITUATION: Column is to be supported by a square footing, 2.00 m on a side, on a

founding depth of 1.00 m into a cohesionless soil deposit. The unit weight of the soil is
16 kN/m3 and the angle of internal friction of 25 deg. Using Terzaghi's formula for
general shear failure.

23.) Evaluate the contribution of the depth of embedment to the ultimate bearing
capacity of the soil, in kPa.

a. 193.2
b. 203.5
c. 197.8
d. 209.4

24.) Evaluate the contrbution of the footing dimension to the ultimate bearing capacity of
the soil, in kPa.

a. 80.1
b. 93.6
c. 133.4
d. 106.8
23)
B-2 Nq-12.7
Df-1.0 Ny-8.34
8=16 0=25
q,Ng
=/6 (1) (12.7)
= 2032
24)
8.4/1 6) (2) (8-34)
= 106.752
25J
all = ¥-91

E- .3107
p-41375
25.) Evaluate the concentric load, in kN, that the footing can safely support, using a
factor of safety of 3.0 against bearing capacity failure.

a. 449.2
b. 364.4
c. 413.7
d. 388.5

26.) Evaluate the plastic settlement, in meter(s) on a layer of plastic clay due to an
increase of pressure caused by loads above it under the ff. conditions:

Initial intergranular pressure (σ') = 200 kPa

Increase in intergranular pressure (delta σ) = 120 kPa

Thickness of the clay layer = 8m Coefficient of consolidation (Cc) = 0.315

Void ratio of the clay (e) = 1.132

a. 0.197
b. 0.203
c. 0.241
d. 0.268

SITUATION. According to Westergaard Theory, the vertical stress at a point below the
surface of a semi-infinite homogeneous, isotropic soil mass due to appoint load ‘A’
applied at the ground surface is given by the equation

P=0.318 QNZ2

Where, N=1[1+2(rz)2]1.5

r= horizontal distance of the point from the vertical line of application of the load

z= depth of point below ground surface

Evaluate the vertical stress, in kPa at a point below the ground for Q=1500 kN if :

27. The point is 2m directly below the point of application of the load
A. 103.24 kPa B. 119.25 kPa C. 124.36 kPa D. 116.09 kPa

28. The point is 4m directly below the point of application of the load
A. 21.33 kPa B. 29.81 kPa C. 32.14 kPa D. 27 kPa
26)
Po-200
SP-120
4=8
Cc-0.315
e-1.132
0.315/8) 1,9/120+280)
200
Sc- 1+1.132
- 0.2413
29. The point is 4m below the load but 2m horizontally from the application of the load
A. 21.33 kPa B. 29.81 kPa C. 32.14 kPa D.27.15 kPa

30. A wall footing is to be constructed in an uniform deposit of stiff clay and must
support a load of 152kN/m of wall length.
Take: Angle of friction of clay = 0
Unconfined compressive strength of soil, qu = 145.8 kPa
Unit weight of soil = 18.82 kN/m3
Footing depth = 1.2m
Nc = 5.7 Nq = 1 Ny= 0
a) 284.55
b) 146.04
c) 192.21
d) 99.87
31. A permeameter in permeability test setup involves a cylindrical soil sample in 40mm
diameter and a height of 180mm. The hydraulic head of the test was held constant at
300mm in a duration of one minute; the water collected in the graduate was recorded
1.5 liters. Evaluate the coefficient of permeability of the soil sample, in cm/sec.
a) 1.19
b) 2.08
c) 0.12
d) 1.09
32. A 450 kN is transmitted by a column footing onto the surface through a square
footing 1.5m on a side. Assuming that the force exerted on the underlying soil form
ation spreads on 2 vertical to 1 horizontal, evaluate the pressure (kPa) exerted in
footing on a soil 2.7m below it.
a) 35.05
b) 25.51
c) 200.0
d) 55.40

SITUATION: A square footing, 0.9m on a side, is embedded 1.00m into a cohesive soil
deposit. The unit weight of the soil is 18kN/m3 and the angle of the internal friction is 30
degrees. The soil cohesion strength = 15 kPa. Using Terzaghi’s formula for local shear
failure and table SMBC.
33. Evaluate the contribution of the depth of embedment of ultimate bearing capacity of
the soil in kPa.

A. 209
B. 306
C. 405
D. 510
34. Evaluate the contribution of the footing dimension to the ultimate bearing capacity of
the soil.
a. 96
b. 87
c. 135
d. 124
35. The figure shows an unconfined non-homogeneous aquifer between two water
bodies at a depth of 50 meters and 45 meters, respectively.

Compute the average coefficient of permeability of the aquifer.

a. 23.48
b. 12.25
c. 24.44
d. 15.97
36. Compute the time required for the water to pass through the soil if it has a porosity
0.24.
a. 6624
b. 6246
c. 4662
d. 2466

SITUATION. Rectangular suppressed weir with 9m wide and 0.9m depth. Determine the
energy grade line.
37. Water flowing in a 9m wide rectangular channel at 7.65 m^3/s and a depth of 0.9m.
What is the specific energy (m)?
a. 0.82
b. 1.24
c. 1.12
d. 0.95
38. What is the critical depth (m)?
a. 0.42
b. 0.53
c. 0.64
d. 0.75
39. What is the critical velocity?
a. 2. 03
b. 2.28
c. 2.51
d. 2.71

SITUATION: A container holds two layers of different liquids, one having a specific
gravity of 1.2 and other having a specific gravity of
1.5. A solid spherical metal having a diameter of 200 mm and a specific gravity of 7.4
is submerged in such a manner that half of the sphere is on the top layer and the
other half is the bottom layer of liquid.

40 . Evaluate the buoyant force acting on the sphere in KN

a. 0.03
b. 0.02
c. 0.09
d. 0.06

41. Tension in the cable attached to the sphere to normal position.

a. 0.25
b. 0.52
c. 0.64
d. 0.46

42. Buoyant force in the sphere if both liquids are water.

a. 0.04
b. 0.07
c. 0.08
d. 0.10

SITUATION. An open cylindrical tank 2m in diameter and 4m high contains water to a

depth of 3m. It is rotated about its own vertical axis with constant angular speed.
43. What is the max w(rpm) so that there is no liquid spilled?
a. 61.3
b. 67.2
c. 59.8
d. 55.6
44. What is the w(rpm) when the vortex touches the bottom of the cylinder?
a. 89.3
 b. 80.7
c. 84.6
d. 81.2
45. What is the Volume spill in the liters when w=9rad/s (correction w grad/sec)
: =

a. 1.41
b. 1.98
c. 1.61
d. 1.84
SITUATION. Water Flows from a tank through an orifice of 75mm diameter and against
a block, as shown in the figure. The water strikes the block at the vena contracta. The
block weights 220N, and the coefficient of friction between the block and the floor is
0.55. The orifice coefficient of discharge is 0.6, and its coefficient of contraction is 0.62

46. Determine the actual velocity needed (m/s).

a. 6.64
b. 5.54
c. 4.56
d. 2.45
47. What is the required height from the orifice to the liquid surface?
a. 2.7m
b. 2.4m
c. 1.8m
d. 3m

48. What is the minimum height to which water must rise in the tank in order to start the
block moving to the right.
a. 2.7m
b. 2.4m
c. 1.8m
d. 3m

49. The pipe system shown in figure serves two towns C and D. The highest building in
town C is at EL 21m and that in town D at EL 18m. If f= 0.020 for all pipes and the per
capita consumption in the two towns is 0.0035 liters/s.

Determine how many persons can be served in Town C.

a. 7000
b. 8600
c. 7500
d. 6200
50. Determine how many persons can be served in Town D.
a. 3000
b. 4000
c. 3500
d. 3800