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Unit 3 Chapter 1

JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a web development technology that allows for dynamic content by embedding Java code within HTML. JSP offers advantages over Servlets, including easier maintenance, faster development, and reduced code complexity, while also having some disadvantages like error tracing difficulties. The lifecycle of a JSP page includes translation, compilation, and request processing, and it utilizes a specific API for its operation.

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6 views

Unit 3 Chapter 1

JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a web development technology that allows for dynamic content by embedding Java code within HTML. JSP offers advantages over Servlets, including easier maintenance, faster development, and reduced code complexity, while also having some disadvantages like error tracing difficulties. The lifecycle of a JSP page includes translation, compilation, and request processing, and it utilizes a specific API for its operation.

Uploaded by

tapasyahate3
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 3

Chapter 1
JSP
JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a Web page development technology that supports dynamic content. This allows programmers to use
specific JSP tags to insert Java code into HTML pages. A part of JavaServer Pages is a type of Java servlet designed to perform
the function of a Java web application user interface

JSP technology is used to create web application just like Servlet technology. It can be thought of as an extension to Servlet
because it provides more functionality than servlet such as expression language, JSTL, etc.

A JSP page consists of HTML tags and JSP tags. The JSP pages are easier to maintain than Servlet because we can separate
designing and development. It provides some additional features such as Expression Language, Custom Tags, etc.
Advantages of JSP over Servlet
There are many advantages of JSP over the Servlet. They are as follows:

1) Extension to Servlet

JSP technology is the extension to Servlet technology. We can use all the features of the Servlet in JSP. In addition to, we can use
implicit objects, predefined tags, expression language and Custom tags in JSP, that makes JSP development easy.

2) Easy to maintain

JSP can be easily managed because we can easily separate our business logic with presentation logic. In Servlet technology, we
mix our business logic with the presentation logic.

3) Fast Development: No need to recompile and redeploy

If JSP page is modified, we don't need to recompile and redeploy the project. The Servlet code needs to be updated and
recompiled if we have to change the look and feel of the application.

4) Less code than Servlet

In JSP, we can use many tags such as action tags, JSTL, custom tags, etc. that reduces the code. Moreover, we can use EL,
implicit objects, etc.
Disadvantages of JSP

● It is hard to trace JSP pages error because JSP pages are translated to servlet.
● As JSP output is HTML, it is not rich in features.
● It is very hard to debug or trace errors because JSP pages are first translated into servlets before the compilation
process.
● Database connectivity is not easy.
Why use Servlet?

● The performance is much better.


● Servlet is used when you do not like to create a separate process to handle each and every request of
client.
● Developers can use servlets when they have to take advantage of all the features of Java.
● Java class libraries which are available to a servlet can communicate with applets, databases, or other
software via RMI and sockets mechanisms

Why use JSP?

● In Java server pages JSP, the execution is much faster compared to other dynamic languages.
● It is much better than Common Gateway Interface (CGI).
● Java server pages (JSP)are always compiled before its processed by the server as it reduces the effort of
the server to create process.
● Java server pages are built over Servlets API. Hence, it has access to all Java APIs, JNDI, JDBC EJB,
and other components of java.
● JSP is an important part of Java EE (Enterprise Edition), which is a platform for enterprise-level
applications.
The Lifecycle of a JSP Page

The JSP pages follow these phases:

● Translation of JSP Page


● Compilation of JSP Page
● Classloading (the classloader loads class file)
● Instantiation (Object of the Generated Servlet is created).
● Initialization ( the container invokes jspInit() method).
● Request processing ( the container invokes _jspService() method).
● Destroy ( the container invokes jspDestroy() method).
As depicted in the above diagram, JSP page is translated into Servlet by the help of JSP translator. The JSP translator is a part
of the web server which is responsible for translating the JSP page into Servlet. After that, Servlet page is compiled by the
compiler and gets converted into the class file. Moreover, all the processes that happen in Servlet are performed on JSP later
like initialization, committing response to the browser and destroy.

Creating a simple JSP Page

To create the first JSP page, write some HTML code as given below, and save it by .jsp extension. We have saved this file as
index.jsp. Put it in a folder and paste the folder in the web-apps directory in apache tomcat to run the JSP page.

Index.jsp

1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <% out.print(2*5); %>
4. </body>
5. </html>
How to run a simple JSP Page?

Follow the following steps to execute this JSP page:

● Start the server


● Put the JSP file in a folder and deploy on the server
● Visit the browser by the URL http://localhost:portno/contextRoot/jspfile, for example,
http://localhost:8888/myapplication/index.jsp
The Directory structure of JSP

The directory structure of JSP page is same as Servlet. We contain the JSP page outside the WEB-INF folder or in any directory.
The JSP API

1. The JSP API


2. javax.servlet.jsp package
3. The JspPage interface
4. The HttpJspPage interface

The JSP API consists of two packages:

1. javax.servlet.jsp
2. javax.servlet.jsp.tagext

javax.servlet.jsp package The javax.servlet.jsp package has two interfaces and classes.The two interfaces are as follows:

1. JspPage
2. HttpJspPage

The classes are as follows:

● JspWriter
● PageContext
● JspFactory
● JspEngineInfo
● JspException
● JspError
The JspPage interface
According to the JSP specification, all the generated servlet classes must implement the JspPage interface. It extends the
Servlet interface. It provides two life cycle methods.

Methods of JspPage interface

1. public void jspInit(): It is invoked only once during the life cycle of the JSP when JSP page is requested firstly. It is used to
perform initialization. It is same as the init() method of Servlet interface.
2. public void jspDestroy(): It is invoked only once during the life cycle of the JSP before the JSP page is destroyed. It can
be used to perform some clean up operation.

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