Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Sede Campus

10° Semestre - Grupo F

GLOSSARY

ICTY: (International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia): International Criminal Tribunal for the
former Yugoslavia. It was a United Nations judicial body established in 1993 to prosecute those
responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the
former Yugoslavia from 1991 until its closure in 2017.1

Prosecutor: The ICTY Prosecutor's Office, responsible for investigating and prosecuting persons
suspected of having committed crimes within the jurisdiction of the Tribunal..2

Kupreškić: Surname of the main defendants in this case: Zoran Kupreškić, Mirjan Kupreškić, and Vlatko
Kupreškić. They were members of the Croat community in Bosnia and Herzegovina accused of crimes
committed against the Bosnian Muslim population in the village of Ahmići..3

Defendant(s): Person or persons formally accused of having committed a criminal offense. In this case,
Zoran Kupreškić, Mirjan Kupreškić, Vlatko Kupreškić, Drago Josipović, and Vladimir Šantić were the initial
defendants.4

Victim(s): Person or persons who have suffered harm or injury as a result of a criminal act. In the
Kupreškić case, the victims were primarily Bosnian Muslim civilians from the village of Ahmići.5.

Ahmići: A village in central Bosnia and Herzegovina where mass murders and other crimes against the
Bosnian Muslim population were committed in April 1993. This event was central to the Kupreškić case..6

Bosnia and Herzegovina: One of the six successor states to the former Yugoslavia. It was the scene of
an armed conflict between 1992 and 1995, during which numerous war crimes, crimes against
humanity, and genocide were committed..7

Bosníacos Musulmanes: The predominantly Muslim ethnic group of Bosnia and Herzegovina. They were
one of the main victims of ethnic cleansing during the Bosnian War.

Croatas de Bosnia y Herzegovina: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina: One of the three main ethnic
groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, predominantly Catholic. Some factions were involved in the conflict
and committed crimes against Bosniansmusulmanes.8​

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file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf, Pág 90
4
file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf,Pág 134
5
file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf,Pág 56
6
file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf, Pág 78
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 Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Sede Campus
10° Semestre - Grupo F
DPIN - 3°Corte
Est: 0603590
War Crime: Serious violations of the laws and customs of war, as defined by international humanitarian
law. This includes murder, inhuman treatment, hostage-taking, unnecessary destruction of property,
etc., committed during an armed conflict.9.​

Crimes against humanity: Widespread or systematic acts of violence directed against a civilian
population, committed as part of a large-scale attack. These include murder, extermination,
enslavement, forced deportation, torture, rape, persecution,10.

Genocidio: Acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or
religious group. This includes murder, causing grievous bodily or mental harm, deliberately inflicting
living conditions calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part, imposing
measures designed to prevent births within the group, and forcibly transferring children from the group
to another group. Although the charge of genocide was not proven in the Kupreškić case, the Ahmići
massacre was a significant event in the broader context of the genocide in Srebrenica and
elsewhere..11

Ethnic Cleansing: The forced removal of a population from a given territory, often accompanied by
murder and other atrocities, with the aim of creating an ethnically homogeneous area. The Ahmići
massacre was an example of an act of ethnic cleansing..12​

HVO (Hrvatsko Vijeće Obrane): Croatian Defense Council. It was the main military formation of the
self-proclaimed Croatian state within Bosnia and Herzegovina, known as Herzeg-Bosnia. HVO members
were responsible for numerous crimes, including the Ahmić massacre.13.​

Herzeg-Bosnia (República Croata de Herzeg-Bosnia): An unrecognized Croatian entity that existed

Trial Chamber: The ICTY body responsible for conducting trials..15​

Court of Appeals: The ICTY body responsible for reviewing decisions of the Court of First Instance..16​

Sentence: The final decision of the Court of First Instance or the Court of Appeals on the guilt or
innocence of the accused and, if guilty, the sentence imposed..17​

General Control Doctrine: A legal doctrine developed by the ICTY to determine when a non-State
armed group can be considered under the control of a State for the purposes of attributing

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11
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13
file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf, Pág 89
14
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 Universidad Militar Nueva Granada - Sede Campus
10° Semestre - Grupo F
DPIN - 3°Corte
Est: 0603590
responsibility for violations of international law. This doctrine was relevant in several ICTY cases.18​

Individual Criminal Responsibility: The principle that individuals can be held responsible for the
international crimes they commit, order, instigate, aid or abet.19​

Command Responsibility: The principle that military commanders or civilian leaders may be held
responsible for crimes committed by their subordinates if they knew or had reason to know that the
crimes would be or had been committed and failed to take necessary and reasonable steps to
prevent or punish them..20

Referencia

-​ Sentencia de la Sala de Primera Instancia: Prosecutor v. Kupreškić et al. (Trial Judgement),

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file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf, Pág 106
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file:///C:/Users/paula/OneDrive/Documentos/10%20%C2%B0%20Semestre/DPI/40276c634%20(1).pdf, Pág 156