o at: p2 = 2.

5 bar , T2 = 182 cₒ
p2 = 2.5 ×105 +1× 105 = 350 kpa
T2 = 182 cₒ → (from table B.1.1 ) psat= 1050.4 kpa > p2 (by interpolation )
S.H.V→B.1.3
H2= 2825.87 KJ/Kg
at p= 350 kpa →h2= hf = 584.311 KJ/Kg
at p= 350 kpa → (table B1.2 ) v=vf =0.001079
ρ2 = 1/vf → ρ2 = 1/0.001079 = 926.784 kg/m3

o at: p3 = 3 bar , T3 = 190 cₒ

p3 = 3 ×105 +1× 105 = 400 kpa
T2 = 190 cₒ → (from table B.1.1 ) psat= 1254.4 kpa > p3
S.H.V→B.1.3
h3= 2839.92 KJ/Kg
at p= 400 kpa →h3 =hf = 604.723 KJ/Kg
at p= 400 kpa → (table B1.2 ) v=vf =0.001084
ρ3 = 1/vf → ρ3 = 1/0.001084 = 922.509 kg/m3

pipe A1:

PAGE 3
 v= 340 mm3
ρ= 937.2071 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
340∗10−6
=937.2071 ( 1200 ) = 2.655 ×10-4 kg/sec

Q1 = m' (h1 – h2)

= 2.655×10-4 ( 2722.21 – 535.35 )
= 0.58061133 m3 / sec
T 1−T a T 1−T a
Q1 = R2 → R2 = Q1

r3
Q1∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 1 −T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.5806 = 3.737×10-4
w/m.c'
(130−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.037 /2 (130+5) = 2.4975

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 0.859)

= 0.037+0.037(0.859/2)(130+5) =2.1823

PAGE 4
pipe A2:
v= 385 mm3
ρ= 926.784 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
385∗10−6
= 926.784 ( 1200 ) = 2.983 ×10-4 kg/sec

Q2 = m' (h1 – h2)

= 2.983 ×10-4 ( 2825.87 - 584.311 )
= 0.6686 m3 / sec
T 2−T a T 2−T a
Q2 = R2 → R2 = Q2

r3
Q2∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 12−T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.6686 = 3.039×10 -4
w/m.c'
(182−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.037 /2 (182+5) = 3.4595

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 0.859)

= 0.037+0.037(0.859/2)(182+5)

PAGE 5
 =3.0087

pipe A3:
v= 425 mm3
ρ= 922.509 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
−6

= 922.509 ( 425∗10
1200
) = 3.267 ×10 -4
kg/sec

Q3 = m' (hf – h2)

= 3.267 ×10-4 ( 2839.92 - 604.723 )
= 0.730 m3 / sec
T 3−T a T 3−T a
Q3 = R2 → R2 = Q3

r3
Q3∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 13−T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.730 = 3.175×10 -4
w/m.c'
(190−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

PAGE 6
 = 0.037 /2 (190+5) = 3.6075

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 0.859)

= 0.037+0.037(0.859/2)(190+5)
=3.1358

pipe B1:
v= 300 mm3
ρ= 937.2071 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
300∗10−6
= 937.2071 ( 1200 ) = 2.343×10-4 kg/sec

Q1 = m' (h1 – h2)

= 2.343×10-4 ( 2722.21 – 535.35 )
= 0.5123 m3 / sec
T 1−T a T 1−T a
Q1 = R2 → R2 = Q1

r3
Q1∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 1 −T a )∗2 πL

PAGE 7
 0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.5123 = 3.297×10 -4
w/m.c'
(130−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.038 /2 (130+5) = 2.565

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 0.759)

= 0.038+0.038(0.759/2)(130+5)
=1.9843

pipe B2:
v= 330 mm3
ρ= 926.784 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
330∗10−6
= 926.784( 1200 ) = 2.548 ×10-4 kg/sec

Q2 = m' (h1 – h2)

=2.548 ×10-4 ( 2825.87 - 584.311 )
= 0.5711 m3 / sec

PAGE 8
 T 2−T a T 2−T a
Q2 = R2 → R2 = Q2

r3
Q2∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 12−T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.5711 = 2.596×10 -4
w/m.c'
(182−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.038 /2 (182+5) = 3.553

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 0.759)

= 0.038+0.038(0.759/2)(182+5)
=2.7347

pipe B3:
v= 325 mm3
ρ= 922.509 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
325∗10−6
= 922.509 ( 1200 ) = 2.498 ×10-4 kg/sec

Q3 = m' (hf – h2)

PAGE 9
 = 2.498 ×10-4 ( 2839.92 - 604.723 )
= 0.5583 m3 / sec
T 3−T a T 3−T a
Q3 = R2 → R2 = Q3

r3
Q3∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 13−T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.5583 = 2.428×10
-4
w/m.c'
(190−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.038 /2 (190+5) = 2.565

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 0.759)

= 0.038+0.038(0.759/2)(190+5)
=2.8500

pipe C1:
v= 740 mm3
ρ= 937.2071 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec

PAGE 10
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
740∗10−6
= 937.2071 ( 1200 ) = 5.779×10-4 kg/sec

Q1 = m' (h1 – h2)

= 5.779×10-4 ( 2722.21 – 535.35 )
= 1.2637 m3 / sec
T 1−T a T 1−T a
Q1 = R2 → R2 = Q1

r3
Q1∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 1 −T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗1.2637 = 8.134×10 -4
w/m.c'
(130−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.026 /2 (130+5) = 1.755

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 1.145)

= 0.026+0.026(1.145/2)(130+5)
=2.0354

PAGE 11
pipe C2:
v= 633 mm3
ρ= 926.784 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
633∗10−6
=926.784 ( 1200 ) = 4.888 ×10-4 kg/sec

Q2 = m' (h1 – h2)

=4.888 ×10-4 ( 2825.87 - 584.311 )
= 1.0956 m3 / sec
T 2−T a T 2−T a
Q2 = R2 → R2 = Q2

r3
Q2∗ln ⁡( )
Kins= r2
( T 12−T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗1.0956 = 4.980×10 -4
w/m.c'
(182−5)2 π∗1.5

k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.026 /2 (182+5) = 2.431

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 1.145)

PAGE 12
 = 0.026+0.026(1.145/2)(182+5)
=2.8094

pipe C3:
v= 260 mm3
ρ= 922.509 kg/m3
t= 1200 sec
mₒ = ρ (v/t)
260∗10−6
= 922.509 ( 1200 ) = 1.998 ×10-4 kg/sec

Q3 = m' (hf – h2)

= 1.998 ×10-4 ( 2839.92 - 604.723 )
= 0.4465 m3 / sec
T 3−T a T 3−T a
Q3 = R2 → R2 = Q3

r3
Q3∗ln ⁡()
Kins= r2
( T 13−T a )∗2 πL
0.095
Kins =
ln ( 0.0445 )∗0.4465 = 1.9420×10 -4
w/m.c'
(190−5)2 π∗1.5

PAGE 13
 k0
X= 2
(t1+ta)

= 0.026 /2 (190+5) = 1.755

K(t)= k0+ k0 (b/2)(t1+ ta) (θ=tan-1 θ = 1.145)

= 0.026+0.026(1.145/2)(190+5)
=2.9285

Plot between Kins & k0/2(ti+ta) for A:

0.03

0.03

0.02
kins

0.02

0.01

0.01

0
2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8

k0/2(ti+ta)

0.025−0.01
Slope = 3.5−2.54 = 0.015

θ=tan-1 θ = 0.859

PAGE 14
Plot between Kins & k0/2(ti+ta) for B:

0.03

0.02

0.02
kins

0.01

0.01

0
2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8

k0/2(ti+ta)

0.0153−0.01
Slope = 3.5−3.1 = 0.01325

θ=tan-1 θ = 0.759

PAGE 15
Plot between Kins & k0/2(ti+ta) for C:

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01
kins

0.01

0.01

0.01

0
1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6

k0/2(ti+ta)

0.016−0.008
Slope = 2.5−2.1 = 0.02

θ=tan-1 θ = 1.145

PAGE 16