FIRST QUARTER EXAMINATION

EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE

Name: ______________________________________________ Score: _____/40
Grade & Section: ______________ Date: ____________________

General Instructions: Read each item carefully. Limit erasures to avoid confusion during checking.

Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the sentences carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which among the choices does NOT explain the Earth as the only habitable planet?
A. It is one of the Jovian planets C. It has the presence of the element Carbon.
B. It is located in the Goldilocks zone. D. It has the right temperature to keep its water remain liquid.
2. Which of the following characteristics of Earth help in the proliferation of life?
I. The atmosphere prevents the entry of solar radiation.
II. Some forms of the hydrosphere serve as ways for transportation.
III. The soil is a living medium – a medium for growth of all kinds of vegetation.
IV. The presence of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere makes the Earth habitable.

A.I and II B. II and IV C. II and III D. II, III and IV

3. Which element is believed by scientists to be necessary to nurture life?
A. Carbon B. Hydrogen C. Oxygen D. Helium

For numbers 4-5, refer to the table below.

I. Plants aid weathering (physical and chemical) of rocks.
II. Photosynthesis affects atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.
III. Volcanic eruptions add carbon dioxide and aerosols to atmosphere.
IV. Weathering and erosion controls nutrient supply to life in the oceans.

4. Which of the following statements involves an interconnection of Biosphere-Atmosphere and Geosphere-Hydrosphere,

respectively?
A. I and II B. I and III C. III and IV D. II and IV
5. Which of the following statements involves an interconnection of Biosphere-Lithosphere and Lithosphere-Atmosphere,
respectively?
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and IV D. III and IV
6. You encounter a clear mineral in a vein within a rock. It is either quartz, calcite, or gypsum. It has a hardness scale of 3
and can scratch the other two minerals. What type of rock-forming mineral is it?
A. calcite B. quartz C. gypsum D. can't tell
7. Sena found an unknown mineral. She observed the behavior of the mineral when she tried to cut and crush it. What
physical characteristic of the mineral was examined by Sena?
A. cleavage B. hardness C. fracture D. crystal habit
8. Which of the following types of rocks are classified correctly?
I. IGNEOUS: basalt, granite, pumice
II. SEDIMENTARY: chalk, limestone, sandstone
III. METAMORPHIC: obsidian, marble, gneiss

A.I only B. I, II but not III C. II only D. II, III but not I
9. Which of the choices include(s) the correct examples of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rock,
respectively?
I. granite, rock salt and marble
II. coal, limestone, and marble
III. dolomite, iron ore, and rock salt
IV. coal, limestone, and iron ore

A. I only B. III and IV C. II only D. I and IV

10. Which of the following is NOT true about chemical weathering?
A. Agents of chemical weathering include water, strong acids, and oxygen.
B. Feldspar hydrolyzed by rainwater is an example of chemical weathering.
C. Agents of chemical weathering include living things such as insects and roots of the trees.
D. Rock materials are changed into other substances with physical and chemical compositions.
11. Stalactite and stalagmite are rocks that can be found inside a cave. Is it a product of chemical weathering? Why?
A. Yes, because wind carries dust and settled in the cave.
B. Yes, because water carries calcite and deposited in the cave.
C. No, because chunks of rocks move downhill and deposited in the cave.
D. No, because rainwater hydrolyzed the feldspar minerals to form rocks in the cave.
12. Earth’s heat budget drives most of the geological processes on Earth. How does thermal energy flow in the Earth’s
layers? Thermal energy flow ____.
A. passing from crust, mantle, and core.
B. moving from core and passing through crust.
C. originating from mantle and moving to core and crust.
D. coming from the core, passing through the mantle and up to crust.

13. Which of these statements is/are TRUE?

 Statement I: The primary contributors to the heat of the core come from decay of radioactive products and from
the solid inner core.
Statement II: The temperature of the mantle varies whether it is near the crust or near boundary of the outer core.

A. I only B. Both I and II C. II only D. Neither I nor II

14. Which of the following is TRUE about magma?
I. Magma forms when rocks melt.
II. Magma contains dissolved gases and silicate.
III. Magma always comes from the lower mantle.
IV. Typical magma temperatures range from 700-1300 degrees Celsius.

A. I, II and III B. II, III and IV C. II, III and IV D. I, II and IV

15. Which of the following is NOT true about how metamorphic rocks are formed?
A. Regional metamorphism is caused by high exposure to pressure.
B. Regional metamorphism forms layered or banded metamorphic rocks.
C. Contact and regional metamorphism involve intense heat to alter rocks.
D. Contact metamorphism is the process that involves intense heat found within the earth.
16. What is the process of change in the structure and form of rocks due to intense heat and pressure?
A. compression B. metamorphism C. crystallization D. tension
17. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
Statement I: Plutonic rocks come from solidified magma and are coarse-grained.
Statement II: Volcanic rock comes from cooled lava and are fine-grained.

A. I only B. Both I and II C. II only D. Neither I nor II

18. In your class, you were shown a “before-and-after” picture of a wall of rock. The wall of rock became folded and
thicker in the “after” picture. Did it experience a compressional stress? Why?
A. Yes, since the wall of rock was exposed to low pressure.
B. Yes, since the wall of rock was exposed to high pressure.
C. No, the wall of rock was exposed to low pressure and experienced tensional stress.
D. No, the wall of rock was exposed to high pressure and experienced tensional stress.
19. You have learned that your house is built on a hanging wall. After an earthquake, you noticed that your house moved
slightly lower to the ground. Does your house probably build on divergent boundary associated with reverse fault? Why?
A. No, it is due to normal fault where hanging wall moves upward with respect to footwall.
B. Yes, it is due to reverse fault where hanging wall moves upward with respect to footwall.
C. No, it is due to normal fault where hanging wall moves downward with respect to footwall.
D. Yes, it is due to reverse fault where hanging wall moves downward with respect to footwall.
20. Based on the picture below, what type of principle dating is depicted and correctly describe how layers of rocks are
formed?
A. Law of lateral continuity, rock layers extend laterally or out to the sides.
B. Law of original horizontality, layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally
under the action of gravity.
C. Law of superposition, in any sequence of layered sedimentary rocks, the top layer is
younger than the bottom layer.
D. Law of cross-cutting relationship states that fault lines and igneous rocks are
younger features that cut through older features of rocks.

21. Based on the picture below, what type of principle dating it depicted and correctly describe how layers of rocks are
formed?
A. Law of lateral continuity, rock layers extend laterally or out to the sides.
B. Law of original horizontality, layers of sediment are originally deposited
horizontally under the action of gravity.
C. Law of superposition, in any sequence of layered sedimentary rocks, the top
layer is younger than the bottom layer.
D. Law of cross-cutting relationship states that fault lines and igneous rocks are
younger features that cut through older features of rocks.

22. What type/s of rock works best for relative dating?

A. igneous rock B. metamorphic rock C. sedimentary rock D. both A & B

23. Which of the following statements are TRUE about relative dating?
I. Relative dating provides ages based on radiometric dating of igneous rocks.
II. Relative dating provides strata with relative ages and indicates the occurrences of fossils.
III. Relative dating provides the age of the ash layers and the occurrences of volcanic eruption.
IV. Relative dating confirms the succession of events in the layers that establish the chronological series of events.

A.I and II B. II and III C. I and III D. II and IV

24. Which of the following are TRUE about absolute dating?
I. Absolute dating provides ages of fossil-bearing sedimentary rocks.
II. Absolute dating provides ages based on radiometric dating of igneous rocks.
III. Absolute dating determines the age of the ash layers and the occurrences of volcanic eruptions.
IV. Absolute dating gives numerical or absolute age of the succession of events in the layers.

A.I and II B. II and III C. I and III D. II and IV

25. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

 Statement 1: Geologic time scale could be revised as more rocks can be dated or discovered.
Statement 2: Geologic time scale is a result of relative and absoute dating.

A. I only B. Both I and II C. II only D. Neither I nor I

26. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
Statement 1: Geologic time scale shows the rock layers where the fossils were discovered.
Statement 2: Geologic time scale shows the relationship between the events that happened throughout the Earth’s
history.

A. I only B. Both I and II C. II only D. Neither I nor II

27. Fossils are pieces of evidence that life has happened in the past. Information from these fossils is used to construct
the geologic time scale. Which of the following statements are TRUE about fossils?
I. Fossils are made purely of rocks.
II. Fossils provide evidence of life forms in the past.
III. Fossils are plant or animal impressions preserved in rocks.

A.I and II B. I and III C. II and III D. I, II and III

For numbers 28-29, refer to the table below.
Hazard Code Description Effect
Hazard A Transformation of solid rocks and soil to a liquid-like Breakage of foundations, pipelines, and structures
state
Hazard B A mass of hot dry pyroclastic material Buries towns and destroys infrastructures
Hazard C A set of long high ocean waves caused by an Breaks structures and causes floods in low-lying
earthquake areas
28. Which is most likely a tsunami?
A. Hazard A B. Hazard B C. Hazard C D. All of the choices.
29. What is the possible effect of Hazard B?
A. It may cause flood in low-lying areas.
B. It can sink buildings and other structures.
C. It may cause burn and injury upon impact.
D. It can cause the sliding, toppling, or falling of rocks along a slope.
For numbers 30-32, refer to the hazard map below.
30. Which of the following is TRUE about the dots?
A. The smallest dot indicates that the area was hit by few earthquakes.
B. The biggest dot indicates that the area was not hit by an
earthquake.
C. The smallest dot indicates that the area was not hit by an
earthquake.
D. The biggest dot indicates that the area was hit by a strong
earthquake.

31. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Statement 1: Surigao del Sur, along with Davao Oriental, are
earthquake-prone because they are located along the Philippine
Trench
Statement 2: Shallow earthquakes in the areas of Nueva
Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, and Benguet are generally due to their
location along the Philippine Fault Zone.
A. I only C. II only
B. Both I and II D. Neither I nor II

32. Based on the map, what is the strongest recorded earthquake

magnitude?
A. 6.8 B.7.2 C. 7.6 D. 7.8
33. How does the blasting technique used by mining operations trigger landslides?
A. It sets fire on the land mines.
B. It causes land vibrations that may trigger landslides.
C. It creates hydrostatic pressure that forces the soil to move.
D. It causes thermal expansion in rocks, affecting the stability of hillsides.
For numbers 34-36, refer to the Typhoon-risk hazard map below.

34. Which of the following provinces has a medium risk to typhoons?

A. Batanes C. Bukidnon
B. Bohol D. Mindoro
35. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Statement 1: Bukidnon experience typhoon all year-round

Statement 2: Bohol has a very high risk to typhoon.
A. I only C. Both I and II
B. II only D. Neither I nor II

36. Which island group experiences the greatest number of typhoons?

A. Luzon B. Visayas C. Mindanao D. All are correct.
37. Which of the following does NOT contribute to coastal erosion?
A. land development B. waste disposal C. construction of structures D. coast rehabilitation

38. Is building breakwater the most practical way of preventing coastal erosion? Why?
A. Yes, breakwater will be the best option on fostering sediment accretion along the shore.
B. Yes, breakwater will be a practical and effective approach since its “breaks” the wave energy reaching the beach.
C. No, the best approach in preventing coastal erosion would be enforcing sandbags every time there is an incoming
wave.
D. No, preservation of vegetation along the coast would provide protection without the need for spending money on
construction.

39. Based on the picture below, do you think the establishment were able to comply the Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA)? Why?
A. No, because it allows negative environmental
consequences.
B. No, because responsible coastal development can help develop
marine diversity.
C. Yes, because marine litter is beneficial to ocean ecosystems, wildlife,
and humans.
D. Yes, because coastal zone development will lead to the improvement
of marine habitat.

40. A coastal area was hit by strong waves two years ago. The current mayor of the town decided to let contractors
develop the land right away. Was the mayor’s decision, right? Why?
A. No, an area previously affected by coastal processes must be abandoned.
B. Yes, developers will provide the area with better structures for improvement.
C. Yes, the coastal area has been safe from waves for two years, so it is safe to let the contractors develop the land.
D. No, the area did not undergo environmental impact assessments before project implementation. The land
development may cause more damage to the area.