ONLINE PARKING SLOT BOOKING

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the required for the award of

Bachelor of Computer Science
By
Mohammed Malick. F (40290058)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES

SATHYABAMA
INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)

Accredited with Grade “A” by NAAC JEPPIAR NAGAR, RAJIV

GANDHI SALAI, CHENNAAI 600199

MAY 2023

I
 SATHYABAMA
INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

(DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)

Accredited "A" Grade by NAAC | 12B Status by UGC Approved by AICTE

www.sathyabama.ac.in
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Project Report is the bonafide work of

Mohammed Malick. F(40290058) who carried out the project entitled
“ONLINE PARKING SLOT BOOKING” under our -supervision from
JANUARY 2023 TO MAY 2023.

INTERNAL GUIDE
Dr. REKHA CHAKRAVARTHI M.E., Ph.D.

DEAN AND HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Dr. REKHA CHAKRAVARTHI M.E., Ph.D.
 DECLARATION
I am, Mohammed Malick. F (40290058) hereby declare that the Project Report
entitled “ONLINE PARKING SLOT BOOKING” done by us under the guidance of Dr.
REKHA CHAKRAVARTHI M.E., Ph.D. Dean of Arts and science Department of
Computer Science at SATHYABAMA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY, Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai-600 119 is submitted
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Science degree
in Computer Science.

DATE: Mohammed Malick.F

PLACE: CHENNAI SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am pleased to acknowledge my sincere thanks to Board of Management

of SATHYABAMA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
for their kind encouragement in doing this project and for completing it
successfully. I am grateful to them.

I convey my thanks to Dr. REKHA CHAKRAVARTHI M.E., Ph.D. Dean

of Arts and Science for providing me necessary support and details at
the right time during the progressive reviews.

I would like to express my sincere and deep sense of gratitude to my

project guide Dr. REKHA CHAKRAVARTHI M.E., Ph.D. Dean of Arts
and Science sincerement of Computer Science for their valuable
guidance, suggestions and constant encouragement paved way for the
successful completion of my project work.

I wish to express my thanks to all Teaching and Non-teaching staff

member of the Department of Computer Science who were helpful in
many ways for the completion of the project

Mohammed Malick.F

IV
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter No Name of the topic Page No

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Review

1.2 Details about Parking Slot 1-7

1 1.3 Literature Review

1.4 Modules Description

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.1 Feasibility study 8-11

2 2.2 Existing System

2.3 Proposed System

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

3.1 Hardware Requirments

3 3.2 Software Requirments 12-26

3.3 Python

3.4 Django == 4.2

3.5 Eclipse

3.6 PHP MySQl

3.7 Logical function

3.8 Mathematical equation

 SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 System Architecture

4.2 ER Diagram

4 4.3 Data Flow Diagram 27-32

4.4 Activity Diagram

4.5 Usecase Diagram

5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 33

6 APPENDIX 34-68

6.1 Coding

6.2 Screenshots

6.3 Table Description

7 REFERENCES 69-70
 ABSTRACT

Here’s an abstract for an online parking slot booking system that includes payment
integration with popular services like Google pay , Phonepe, Paytm, Credit card and
Debit card. Additionally, the system will generate a barcode that displays the booked
parking slot. The system will be built using Python and will consist of two main
components: a backend server and a frontend web application.The backend server will
handle all the logic related to parking slot booking, payment processing, and barcode
generation. It will use a database to store information about available parking slots,
bookings, and payment transactions. Here mathematical equations and logical functions
are used. The frontend web application will allow users to browse available parking slots
and make bookings. The application will display real-time information about available
parking slots and update the status of the slots as they are booked. Users will be able
to select their preferred payment method and make payments securely using their
preferred service. Upon successful payment, the system will generate a barcode that
displays the booked parking slot, which users can scan to gain access to the parking
lot. In conclusion, this online parking slot booking system will provide users with a
convenient and secure way to book parking slot.

VII
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The parking place is very important all over the world especially in the cities of the
countries. Every day thousands of car drivers spend a lot of the time to find where to
park. The result of this situation is theft in urban areas, increasing traffic congestion and
frustration of drivers. Inorder to solve this problem, the implementation of Online Vehicle
Parking System in this city For managing parking places is mandatory. It will allow the
drivers to Reserve a parking place on the Platform of People’s Park Chennai (PPC)
anytime, anywhere. this chapter gives an overview of the background of the study,
statement of the problems, Objectives of the study, research questions, scope of the
study and significance of the study. People’s Park Chennai is located in Chennai district
along Shollinganallur –OMRroad . It‘s located 1 mile from Accenture round about,
People’s Park Chennai Is constructed on 1 Acre of land (measurements 100ft-100ft) in
Chennai, it provides Enough space for its well-wishing customers, It is equipped with
high maximum security coupled With an electric fence , four gun men from a well training
security company and well trained bull Dogs have been also used to control trespassing
within the People’s Park and with this maximum Security, expenses like compensation
of customers’ lost vehicles are brought down.

1
1.1 Project overview

People’s Park Chennai had challenges concerning its safety of data in the store since
they currently use paper based systemphysical struggle for parking by drivers, wastage
of time,Congestion and collision. There was also a problem of monitoring the profit made
for the company where by the company was losing money to its workers who receive the
money (fraud).This system majorly solved the congestion, collision and save time during
parking activities.

1.2 Detailed About Parking Slot

An online parking slot booking system using Python can be built using several
frameworks and libraries such as Flask, Django, and SQLite for the database. Here is a
brief overview of the steps involved in building such a system:Setup the development
environment: Install Python and the required packages for the project, including
Flask/Django, SQLite, and any additional libraries required.Design the database
schema: Design the database schema to store the parking lot details, user details, and
booking details. Create tables for each of these entities and establish relationships
between them.Create the web application: Use the Flask/Django framework to create
the web application. Define the routes for different pages, such as the home page, login
page, booking page, and confirmation page.Create the user authentication system:
Implement a user authentication system to allow users to create accounts, log in, and
log out. Use Flask/Django's built-in authentication system or third-party libraries like
Flask-Login or Django-Authentication to achieve this.Implement the booking system:
Create a form to allow users to book a parking slot by specifying the parking lot, date,
and time. Use Flask/Django's form handling capabilities to validate user input and store
the booking details in the database.Display the booking details: Create a page to display
the user's current and past bookings. Use SQL queries to fetch the booking details from
the database and display them in a user-friendly format.Test and deploy the application:
Test the application thoroughly to ensure that it works as expected. Once tested, deploy
the application to a web server or cloud platform like Heroku.This is a high-level overview
of the steps involved in building an online parking slot booking system using Python.

2
Depending on the complexity of the system, there may be additional steps or
requirements involved.

Parking Management includes a variety of strategies that encourage more efficient use
of existing parking facilities, improve the quality of service provided to parking facility
users and improve parking facility design. Our online reservation system to reserve
parking spaces in the immediate parking, additional services and home purchase will
increase your website by enabling customers to pay or go online. Itis designed to make
it easier for people to book parking spaces online. In todays parking lots there are no
standard system to check for parking spaces. Searching for a vacant parking space in a
metropolitan area is the daily concern for most people and itis time consuming. It
commonly results more traffic load and air pollution in certain area only for an available
parking space. This Python Project on Parking Management System is mostly concerned
with dealing with client parking details such as number and slot. The system also allows
vehicle owners to enter information such as their contact information, vehicle number,
and vehicle category. However, after entering vehicle information, the system creates a
reserve slot that lasts until the car leaves. When it comes to parking spaces, the system
uses green and red to signify empty and occupied slots, accordingly. The system
displays all parked vehicles under the manage vehicles area of the app, where the user
can cancel the parking after it is completed.

3
1.3 LITERATURE SURVEY

1 .Date of Conference: 19-21 September 2019

Authors :Prasad Narode , Samruddhi Kalekar , Sanket Sanap , Harmeet Khanuja

The numbers of vehicles on roads are ever increasing, giving rise to a variety of
problems. One of the problems is parking. Unorganized parking can lead to chaotic
situations. As mentioned in [1] according to IBM Global Parking Survey, “30% of traffic
in a city is caused by drivers searching for a parking spot. A lot of manpower is required
to look after parking lots and hence a solution is presented to minimize the manpower,
diverting it to more productive tasks and reducing the complexity involved in parking
management task. This solution is a perfect combination of concepts of Internet of Things
(IOT), machine learning and Android. Using REST based framework the system
becomes loosely coupled from underlying architecture. The paper is organized as follows
– section I contains introduction to our system, section II lists user side modules and
parking lot management side modules one by one, section III contains traffic prediction
module in greater depth focusing on technical implementation,section IV specifies server
side management application, section V throws light on parking lot management side
implementation, section VI gives the entire workflow, section VII gives the future scope
and we conclude on section VIII.

2. Date of Conference: 14-17 October 2019

• Authors : Paul Melnyk , SoufieneDjahel , FaridNait-Abdesselam

Smart parking management aims to leverage advanced sensing and monitoring
technologies to optimize the usage of parking spots within large car parks and ease
parking for drivers by directing them to available parking spots, thereby reducing
unnecessary stress and delay that further worsen the traffic conditions. The idea of smart
parking development began to make parking easier, faster, with less of a drain on
resources which are slowly disappearing. The aim of the Smart Parking Management
System (SPMS) proposed in this paper is to assist drivers in alleviating several issues
linked to parking. Our SPMS provides a sensing platform supported by a mobile app to
enable real-time interaction of drivers with the car park infrastructure in a way that
4
minimizes drivers’ search time for an empty parking spot within large multi-storey car
parks and facilitates the localization of their parked cars. To validate the efficiency of our
SPMS, a small scale test-bed was developed as a proof of concept and tested under five
different scenarios. The obtained results highlight its effectiveness and call for its
potential integration in real world car parks.

3. Date of conference: 17-20 February 2019

• Authors : NawsheenPromy, Sadman Islam.

Traffic congestion is a common phenomenon in developing countries like Bangladesh.
This is the quotidian scenario in most of the metropolitan cities of the world. Because of
heavy traffic, people lose their valuable time from their busy schedule. One of the prime
reasons of this traffic congestion is parking on the roadside. So, a need arises to develop
a parking system so that it can reduce the traffic congestion in near future. The paper
focuses on a smart android based parking control application which will help you to find
out a parking area in nearby your location. The mobile application will also help you to
pay the parking charge by online payment system. A counter will be there in the
application which will help you to count the amount of time your car have spent in the
parking lot. This application will also track the entire process and all the previous records.

4 Date of conference: 29 November 2019 – 01 December 2019.

• Authors: LomatHaider Chowdhury, Z.N.M Zarif Mahmud, Intishar-Ul Islam, Ishrat

Jahan, Salekul Islam
The demand for vehicles increases with the increase of the population. A densely
replenished country like Bangladesh faces many challenges in managing this increased
number of vehicles. Especially in city areas, where the road-side parking is not legitimate.
Parking management can play an important role to diminish congestion on the roads. In
our country, most of the parking areas are maintained by a manual parking system. In
this paper, our aim is to design and develop a smart car parking system to solve the
chaos, perplexity and long queues at the entry and exit of a parking space located inside
5
public buildings including shopping malls and office spaces. In the smart car parking
system, a radio frequency identification (RFID) card is used for every vehicle to store the
information of the entrance. Time is automatically enumerated from the entry time to exit
time, and thus fare will be shown to the client for his used parking space. In this paper,
we have developed a system composed of both hardware and software components.
Our system provides a user-friendly interface for the employees who maintain the
system. The system also generates different reports including revenue and usage
reports directly from the database using the software section. There will be an LED
display in the parking that will show the number of available parking slots. Finally, we
have measured the performance in terms of response time by deploying the system in
the local server and remote Cloud server.

6
1.4 MODULE DESCRIPTION

User login:
Users have to first register themselves to login into the system. In the registration of user
page should be filled with the details of Name, Data of Birth, Email ID, Gender, Phone
Number, Address and Password. After clicking sign up, the user registration will be made
successful. With the details of registration made, the user login should be done.
Checking the authorization, the user will be logged in to the system. After logging it, the
user can able to see the Parking Cost, Book Parking, Your Booking details.

Admin Login:
The system is under supervision of admin who manages the bookings made. Once after
the admin logged it, the admin can see the parking cost, View User details and View
Bookings. Only the admin has the privilege of modifying the parking cost. Also admin
can view the user details. And also the admin can view the complete booking details with
the cost etc.

Parking availability:
User can click on spaces to view the availability. If the space is already booked it will be
marked yellow and the available ones will be seen in normal color. Parking booking
online for date and time: Users can book parking space for their required date and time.
User cannot select the slot if the booking is already done by some other earlier.

Automatic cost calculation:

The system calculates the total cost incurred for parking based on the time that user has
asked for booking. In the user login, the option: Book Parking is available. In this the user
enters the details of Date, time, and parking hours. After entering the details, the hours
are calculated automatically and the final amount is displayed. The user no need to
calculate the amount and enter it manually.

7
 CHAPTER 2

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.1 Feasibility study

The feasibility of the project is analyzed in this phase and business proposal is
put forth N with a very general plan for the project and some cost estimates.
During system analysis the feasibility study of the proposed system is to be
carried out. This is to ensure that the proposed system is not a burden to the
company. For feasibility analysis, some understanding of the major
requirements for the system is essential. Three key considerations involved in
the feasibility analysis are:

i. Economical Feasibility

ii. Technical Feasibility

iii. Social Feasibility

iv. Operational Feasibility

2.1.1 Economic feasibility

This study is carried out to check the economic impact that the system will have
on the organization. The amount of fund that the company can pour into the
research and development of the system is limited. The expenditures must be
justified. Thus, the developed system as well within the budget and this was
achieved because most of the technologies used are freely available. Only the
customized products had to be purchased.

2.1.2 Technical feasibility

This study is carried out to check the technical feasibility, that is, the technical
requirements of the system. Any system developed must not have a high

8
demand on the available technical resources. This will lead to high demands on
the available technical resources. This will lead to high demands being placed
on the client. The developed system must have a modest requirement, as only
minimal or null changes are required for implementing this system.

2.1.3 Social feasibility

The aspect of study is to check the level of acceptance of the system by the
user. This includes the process of training the user to use the system efficiently.
The user must not feel threatened by the system, instead must accept it as a
necessity. The level of acceptance by the users solely depends on the methods
that are employed to educate the user about the system and to make him
familiar with it. His level of confidence must be raised so that he is also able to
make some constructive criticism, which is welcomed, as he is the final user of
the system

2.1.4 Operational feasibility

Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the

problems, and takes advantages of the opportunities identified during scope
definition and how it satisfies the requirements identified in 8 the requirements
identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development.

2.2 Existing system

Token Based Parking Management System (PMS) dispenses the parking token
& records entry and exit information of the parking. These tokens can be reused
hence eliminating the recurring cost of ticket roll. CASS token based PMS
system are very popular among most of the Hypermarkets / Supermarkets,
Hospitals, Shopping Malls, Hotels, parking lots & in mixed-use properties. In
metropolitan cities where the population is at its peak and the roads are all
messed with vehicle’s and long traffics. In such over increasing demand for
vehicle’s it becomes a difficult job to find a parking spot for our wheels. Due to
this people are forced to haphazardly park their vehicle wherever they find
9
 space, which results in traffic offence like illegal, haphazard double or angular
parking. In the existing system the parking management were all made in
Manual mode, so it’s unable to make the process easy and smooth. The existing
system of parking management does not consider the parking timing slots
where they can give bigger confusions and not efficiently utilized the space.

Disadvantages of existing system

Limited availability:

If a parking slot booking system is not widely adopted or popular in a given

area, drivers may find it difficult to find an available parking space.

Inflexibility:

If a driver books a parking spot but then changes their plans or arrives late,
they may miss their reservation and lose their money.

Technical issues:

If the booking system experiences technical difficulties, drivers may not be

able to reserve a parking spot or may be charged incorrectly.

Privacy concerns:

Some people may have concerns about the privacy and security of their
personal information when using a parking slot booking system.

Overbooking:

If a parking slot booking system overbooks the available parking spaces, drivers
may find that their reserved spot is already occupied when they arrive.

10
2.3 PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed project is an Online parking booking system that provides customers an
easy way of reserving a parking space online. It overcomes the problem of finding a
parking space in commercial areas that unnecessary consumes time. Hence this project
offers a web based reservation system where users can view various parking areas and
select the space to view whether space is available or not. If the booking space is
available then he can book it for specific time slot. The booked space will be marked
yellow and will not be available for anyone else for the specified time. Users can even
make payment online. The project can be implemented in commercial areas for
employee parking. It can be utilized by companies and organizations (hospitals, schools,
colleges) to automate their parking system. The system can also be used in public places
for public parking like in malls, station, and so on.

Advantages of proposed system

Users can get learn about parking areas for particular locations.It saves user time in
search of parking space available in such a long parking area.The system provides a
graphical view of the parking spaces.User can pay online on the spot and confirm their
space.It excludes the need of human efforts for managing parking spaces.Cost-
effective.The proposed system provides better information for the users of this system
easily they can see the available slots and book from anywhere without facing any
difficulty.The proposed system does not require any physical presence during
booking.The proposed system has good authentication so only authorized person can
able to login and book it.

11
 CHAPTER 3

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

3.1 HARDWARE REQUIRMENTS

Hardware Minimum Requirements Reason

Processor speed 1.6GHZ Accommodate most

PC's

Memory of user PC 512MB RAM Relatively fast

Disk space of user PC 5GB Adequate storage

capacity

Memory of server PC 8GB Fast

Bandwidth 15Mbps Relatively good

(networkconnection )

Disk space of server 200GB Adequate storage for

data base and
applications.

12
A fast processor is required because there is need to handle large amounts of data
queries. 8 GB memory is required on the server for faster performance because it runs
many processes simultaneously, while the memory in the computer should be relatively
fast so as to run the processes required. 200 GB storage capacity in the server‘s hard
disk is necessary for storage of huge amounts of data while the disk space in a user
computer should be modest enough. Good network connection is vital because the
application is majorly internet based and there is need for faster communication and
retrieval of information.

3.2 SOFTWARE REQUIRMENTS

Software Minimum Requirements Reason

Operating systems for Windows 8,10, Linux, Globally distributed and

computer Mac, Windows xp widely accessed

Database Management MySQL Easy to use and scalable

System

Browser Chrome, Internet Standard browser

explorer

13
3.3 PYTHON

Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy

emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation. Python is
dynamically typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms,
including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional
programming. It is often described as a “batteries included” language due to its
comprehensive standard library. Guido van Rossum began working on Python in the late
1980s as a successor to the ABC programming language and first released it in 1991 as
Python 0.9.0. Python 2.0 was released in 2000. Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a
major revision not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Python 2.7.18,
released in 2020, was the last release of Python 2.Python consistently ranks as one of
the most popular programming languages.Python was conceived in the late 1980s by
Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands as a
successor to the ABC programming language, which was inspired by SETL, capable of
exception handling and interfacing with the Amoeba operating system. Its
implementation began in December 1989.Van Rossum shouldered sole responsibility for
the project, as the lead developer, until 12 July 2018, when he announced his
“permanent vacation” from his responsibilities as Python's "benevolent dictator for life”,
a title the Python community bestowed upon him to reflect his long-term commitment as
the project’s chief decision-maker. In January 2019, active Python core developers
elected a five-member Steering Council to lead the project.Python 2.0 was released on
16 October 2000, with many major new features such as list comprehensions, cycle-
detecting garbage collection, reference counting, and Unicode support. Python 3.0,
released on 3 December 2008, with many of its major features backported to Python
2.6.x and 2.7.x. Releases of Python 3 include the 2to3 utility, which automates the
translation of Python 2 code to Python 3.
Python 2.7’s end-of-life was initially set for 2015, then postponed to 2020 out of concern
that a large body of existing code could not easily be forward-ported to Python 3. No
further security patches or other improvements will be released for it. Currently only 3.7
and later are supported. In 2021, Python 3.9.2 and 3.8.8 were expedited as all versions
of Python (including 2.7) had security issues leading to possible remote code execution

14
and web cache poisoning.In 2022, Python 3.10.4 and 3.9.12 were expedited and 3.8.13,
and 3.7.13, because of many security issues. When Python 3.9.13 was released in May
2022, it was announced that the 3.9 series (joining the older series 3.8 and 3.7) would
only receive security fixes in the future. On September 7, 2022, four new releases were
made due to a potential denial-of-service attack: 3.10.7, 3.9.14, 3.8.14, and 3.7.14.As of
November 2022, Python 3.11 is the stable release. Notable changes from 3.10 include
increased program execution speed and improved error reporting.Python is meant to be
an easily readable language. Its formatting is visually uncluttered and often uses English
keywords where other languages use punctuation. Unlike many other languages, it does
not use curly brackets to delimit blocks, and semicolons after statements are allowed but

rarely used. It has fewer syntactic exceptions and special cases than C or Pascal.
Indentation Main article: Python syntax and semantics § Indentation
Python uses whitespace indentation, rather than curly brackets or keywords,
to delimit blocks. An increase in indentation comes after certain statements; a decrease
in indentation signifies the end of the current block. Thus, the program’s visual structure
accurately represents its semantic structure. This feature is sometimes termed the off-
side rule. Some other languages use indentation this way; but in most, indentation has
no semantic meaning. The recommended indent size is four spaces.

15
3.4 DJANGO == 4..2

Django (/ˈdʒæŋɡoʊ/ JANG-goh; sometimes stylized as django)[6] is a free and open-

source, Python-based web framework that follows the model–template–views (MTV)
architectural pattern.[7][8] It is maintained by the Django Software Foundation (DSF), an
independent organization established in the US as a 501(c)(3) non-profit. Django's
primary goal is to ease the creation of complex, database-driven websites. The
framework emphasizes reusability and "Pluggability" of components, less code, low
coupling, rapid development, and the principle of don't repeat yourself.[9] Python is used
throughout, even for settings, files, and data models. Django also provides an optional
administrative create, read, update and delete interface that is generated dynamically
through introspection and configured via admin models. Some well-known sites that use
Django include Instagram, Mozilla, Disqus, Bitbucket, Next door and Clubhouse. Django
was created in the fall of 2003, when the web programmers at the Lawrence Journal-
World newspaper, Adrian Holovaty and Simon Willison, began using Python to build
applications. Jacob Kaplan-Moss was hired early in Django's development shortly before
Simon Willison's internship ended. It was released publicly under a BSD license in July
2005. The framework was named after guitarist Django Reinhardt. Adrian Holovaty is a
Romani jazz guitar player and a big fan Django Reinhardt.[citation needed]In June 2008,
it was announced that a newly formed Django Software Foundation (DSF) would
maintain Django in the future.Programmers have ported Django's template engine
design from Python to other languages, providing decent cross-platform support. Some
of these options are more direct ports; others, though inspired by Django and retaining
its concepts, take the liberty to deviate from

Django's design:

• Liquid for Ruby

• Template::Swig for Perl
• Twig for PHP and JavaScript
16
 • Jinja for Python
• ErlyDTL for Erlang.

Django as a framework is capable of building a complete CMS, however there are

dedicated CMS projects which are built upon and extend the Django framework. Below
is a list of a few of the more popular Django-based CMSs:

• Django CMS
• Wagtail.

17
3.5 ECLIPSE

Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming.

It contains a base workspace and an extensible plug-in system for customizing the
environment. It is the second-most-popular IDE for Java development, and, until 2016,
was the most popular.Eclipse is written mostly in Java and its primary use is for
developing Java applications, but it may also be used to develop applications in other
programming languages via plug-ins, including Ada, ABAP, C, C++, C#, Clojure,
COBOL, D, Erlang, Fortran, Groovy, Haskell, JavaScript, Julia,Lasso, Lua, NATURAL,
Perl, PHP, Prolog, Python, R, Ruby (including Ruby on Rails framework), Rust, Scala,
and Scheme. It can also be used to develop documents with LaTeX (via a TeXlipse plug-
in) and packages for the software Mathematica. Development environments include the
Eclipse Java development tools (JDT) for Java and Scala, Eclipse CDT for C/C++, and
Eclipse PDT for PHP, among others.The initial codebase originated from IBM
VisualAge.The Eclipse software development kit (SDK), which includes the Java
development tools, is meant for Java developers. Users can extend its abilities by
installing plug-ins written for the Eclipse Platform, such as development toolkits for other
programming languages, and can write and contribute their own plug-in modules. Since
the introduction of the OSGi implementation (Equinox) in version 3 of Eclipse, plug-ins
can be plugged-stopped dynamically and are termed (OSGI) bundles.Eclipse software
development kit (SDK) is free and open-source software, released under the terms of
the Eclipse Public License, although it is incompatible with the GNU General Public
License. It was one of the first IDEs to run under GNU Classpath and it runs without
problems under IcedTea.Eclipse was inspired by the Smalltalk-based VisualAge family
of integrated development environment (IDE) products.Although fairly successful, a
major drawback of the VisualAge products was that developed code was not in a
component-based software engineering model. Instead, all code for a project was held
in a compressed database using SCID techniques (somewhat like a zip file but in a
proprietary format called .dat). Individual classes could not be easily accessed, certainly
not outside the tool. A team primarily at the IBM Cary, NC lab developed the new product
as a Java-based replacement.[12][failed verification] In November 2001, a consortium
was formed with a board of stewards to further the development of Eclipse as open-

18
source software. It is estimated that IBM had already invested nearly $40 million by that
time. The original members were Borland, IBM, Merant, QNX Software Systems,
Rational Software, Red Hat, SuSE, TogetherSoft, and WebGain. The number of
stewards increased to over 80 by the end of 2003. In January 2004, the Eclipse
Foundation was created. Eclipse 3.0 (released on 21 June 2004) selected the OSGi
Service Platform specifications as the runtime architecture. The Association for
Computing Machinery recognized Eclipse with the 2011 ACM Software Systems Award
on 26 April 2012. Eclipse uses plug-ins to provide all the functionality within and on top
of the run-time system. Its run-time system is based on Equinox, an implementation of
the OSGi core framework specification.In addition to allowing the Eclipse Platform to be
extended using other programming languages, such as C and Python, the plug-in
framework allows the Eclipse Platform to work with typesetting languages like LaTeX
and networking applications such as telnet and database management systems. The
plug-in architecture supports writing any desired extension to the environment, such as
for configuration management. Java and CVS support is provided in the Eclipse SDK,
with support for other version control systems provided by third-party plug-ins.With the
exception of a small run-time kernel, everything in Eclipse is a plug-in.

Thus, every plug-in developed integrates with Eclipse in the same way as other plug-ins;
in this respect, all features are "created

19
equal". Eclipse provides plug-ins for a wide variety of features, some of which are from
third parties using both free and commercial models. Examples of plug-ins include for
Unified Modeling Language (UML), for Sequence and other UML diagrams, a plug-in for
DB Explorer, and many more.The Eclipse SDK includes the Eclipse Java development
tools (JDT), offering an IDE with a built-in Java incremental compiler and a full model of
the Java source files. This allows for advanced refactoring techniques and code analysis.
The IDE also makes use of a workspace, in this case a set of metadata over a flat
filespace allowing external file modifications as long as the corresponding workspace
resource is refreshed afterward.Eclipse implements the graphical control elements of the
Java toolkit called Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT), whereas most Java applications use
the Java standard Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) or Swing. Eclipse's user interface also
uses an intermediate graphical user interface layer called JFace, which simplifies the
construction of applications based on SWT. Eclipse was made to run on Wayland during
a Google Summer of Code (GSoC) Project in 2014.As of 2017, language packs being
developed by the Babel Project provide translations into over 40 natural languages.
Eclipse Web Tools Platform (WTP) project is an extension of the Eclipse platform with
tools for developing Web and Java EE applications. It includes source and graphical
editors for a variety of languages, wizards and built-in applications to simplify
development, and tools and APIs to support deploying, running, and testing apps.
Android Development Tools (ADT) was superseded in 2015 by the Eclipse foundation's
own plugin, called Andmore: Development Tools for Android, after Google discontinued
development of their plug-in for the Eclipse IDE, that is designed to provide an integrated
environment in which to build Android applications. ADT/Andmore extends the abilities
of Eclipse to let developers set up new Android projects, create an application UI, add
packages based on the Android Framework API, debug their applications using the
Android SDK tools, and export signed (or unsigned) .apk files in order to distribute their
applications. It is freely available to download. Googles' ADT was the official IDE for
Android until 2015 but was replaced by Eclipse's Andmore and the official Android
Studio. Eclipse supports development for Tomcat, GlassFish and many other servers
and is often capable of installing the required server (for development) directly from the
IDE. It supports remote debugging, allowing a user to watch variables and step through
the code of an application that is running on the attached server.

20
3.6 PHP MYSQL

PHP (Hypertext Pre-processor) and MySQL are two widely used technologies for
building dynamic websites and web applications. PHP is a server-side scripting language
that is used to generate HTML pages on the fly, while MySQL is a relational database
management system that is used to store and retrieve data.When used together, PHP
and MySQL provide a powerful combination for building dynamic web applications. PHP
is used to generate dynamic content, such as user profiles, product pages, and search
results, while MySQL is used to store and retrieve data, such as user information, product
details, and search queries.PHP provides a range of functions and libraries for working
with MySQL databases, such as connecting to the database, executing queries, and
handling errors. These functions and libraries make it easier to work with MySQL
databases and reduce the amount of boilerplate code that is required.

Some of the key features of PHP and MySQL include:

Compatibility: PHP and MySQL are compatible with a wide range

of web servers and operating systems, making them a popular choice for building web
applications.

Speed: PHP is a fast scripting language that is optimized for web development, while
MySQL is a fast database management system that can handle large volumes of data.

21
Security: PHP and MySQL have built-in security features, such as password encryption,
to help protect sensitive data and prevent unauthorized access.

Scalability: PHP and MySQL are scalable technologies that can handle a large number
of concurrent users and requests.

Open-source: PHP and MySQL are both open-source technologies, meaning that their
source code is freely available and can be modified and distributed by anyone. Overall,
PHP and MySQL are powerful technologies for building dynamic websites and web
applications. Their compatibility, speed, security, scalability, and open-source nature
make them a popular choice for developers around the world.

22
3.7 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
Suppose you want to design a parking system. A parking lot has three different kinds of
parking spaces − big, medium, and small. And there are fixed number of slots for each
size. Make a class called Our Parking System with of two methods –

constructor(big, medium, small) − This constructor is taking the number of slots available
for different spaces and initializes object of the Our Parking System class.

addCar(carType) − This method checks whether there is a parking space of given car
Type for the car that wants to put inside the parking lot.

The three slots big, medium, or small, are represented by 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The
constraint is a car can only park in a parking space if car Type is matched. If there is no
space available, return false, otherwise park the car in that size space and return true. If
there are 2 spaces for big car, no space for medium car and 1 space for small car, then
constructor call will be like OurParkingSystem(2, 0, 1), and if we call addCar like −

addCar(3) − add one small car and return true

addCar(2) − No space to add medium car so return false

addCar(3) − No space to add a new small car so return false

addCar(1) − add one big car and return true

addCar(1) − add another big car and return true

addCar(1) − No space for another big car so return false

To solve this, we will follow these steps –

Define a function constructor() . This will take big, medium, small

sp := a list like [0,big,medium,small]

Define a function addCar() . This will take carType

if sp[carType] > 0, then

23
sp[carType] := sp[carType] - 1
return True
return False

Example (Python)
Let us see the following implementation to get better understanding −

Live Demo

class OurParkingSystem:
def __init__(self, big, medium, small):
self.sp = [0,big,medium,small]

defaddCar(self, carType):
if(self.sp[carType] >0 ):
self.sp[carType] -= 1
return True
return False

ps = OurParkingSystem(2, 0, 1)
print(ps.addCar(3))
print(ps.addCar(2))
print(ps.addCar(3))
print(ps.addCar(1))
print(ps.addCar(1))
print((1))
Input
ps.addCar(3)
ps.addCar(2)
ps.addCar(3)
ps.addCar(1)
ps.addCar(1)

24
ps.addCar(1)

Output:
True
False
False
True
True
False

25
3.8 MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS

Count maximum number of cars parked at the same time

Given a 2d array arr[][] with each row representing a pair representing entry and exit time
of a car in a parking lot, the task is to calculate the maximum number of cars that can be
parked at the same time.

Examples:
Input: arr[][] = {{1012, 1136}, {1317, 1417}, {1015, 1020}}

Output: 2
Explanation:
1st car entered at 10:12 and exits at 11:36 and 3rd car entered at 10:15 and exits at
10:20.
Therefore, 1st and 3rd car are present at the same time.

Input: arr[][] = {{1120, 1159}, {1508, 1529}, {1508, 1527}, {1503, 1600}, {1458, 1629},
{1224, 1313}}
Output: 4
Explanation: 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th cars are present at the same time.
Find your parking ratio by dividing the number of spaces by the building's square footage
(in thousands). For instance, take a 40,000-square-foot building with a 200-space
parking lot. Divide 200 (spaces) by 40 (thousand square feet) to find a parking ratio of 5
spaces per 1,000 square feet.

26
 CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

27
4.2 ER DIAGRAM

28
4.3 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Client side Flow chart

29
Admin side Flow chart

30
4.4 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

31
4.5 USECASE DIAGRAM

32
 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

Online vehicle parking reservation system improves the existing system since we are in
Computerized world. With this new system is mandatory, it enables the user of the
system (client,Employee, System administrator) to reserve a parking lot online and this
reduces the wasting of Time of the clients looking for where to park, increase the safety
of the property since the parking lot is numbering. The difficulty of searching available
parking lots has been completely eliminated by receiving lots via the proposed
system.User can get learn about parking areas for particular location.It saves user time
in search of parking space available in such long parking area. In the further
development of this Android app plan to make the app more advance by adding more
support and additional functions to the system.Also plan to use credit card payment
gateway instead of Gpay and Paytm.

33
 CHAPTER 6

APPENDIX

6.1 CODING

Login:

{% load static %}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>

Parking Management System

</title>

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-

alpha1/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-

w76AqPfDkMBDXo30jS1Sgez6pr3x5MlQ1ZAGC+nuZB+EYdgRZgiwxhTBTkF7CXvN"

crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-

alpha1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-

GLhlTQ8iRABdZLl6O3oVMWSktQOp6b7In1Zl3/Jr59b6EGGoI1aFkw7cmDA6j6gD"

crossorigin="anonymous">

34
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet">

<!-- Link to Google Fonts in the HTML head -->

<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans&display=swap"

rel="stylesheet">

<linl href="https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Crimson+Text">

<style>

/* Use the imported font in CSS */

body {

font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<section class="vh-100">

<div class="container-fluid h-custom">

<div class="row d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center h-100">

<div class="col-md-9 col-lg-6 col-xl-5">

{% load static %}<img src="https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/black-cars-parking-lot-

parking-icon-logo-black-cars-parking-lot-parking-icon-logo-white-130998396.jpg"

35
class="img-fluid" alt="Sample image"

style="border-radius: 30%;

box-shadow: 2px 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 25%,
100%

75%, 50% 100%, 0% 75%, 0% 25%);">

</div>

<div class="col-md-8 col-lg-6 col-xl-4 offset-xl-1">

<form action="" method="POST">

{% csrf_token %}

<div class="divider d-flex align-items-center my-4">

<p class="text-center fw-bold mx-3 mb-0">Parking application Log In </p>

</div>

<!-- username input -->

<div class="form-outline mb-4">

<input type="text" name="username" id="form3Example3" class="form-control

form-control-lg"

placeholder="Enter a Username" />

<label class="form-label" for="form3Example3">Username</label>

</div>

<!-- Password input -->

36
<div class="form-outline mb-3">

<input type="password" name="password" id="form3Example4" class="form-control

form-control-lg"

placeholder="Enter password" />

<label class="form-label" for="form3Example4">Password</label>

</div>

<div class="text-center text-lg-start mt-4 pt-2">

<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg"

style="padding-left: 2.5rem; padding-right: 2.5rem;">Login</button>

{{form.errors}}

<p class="small fw-bold mt-2 pt-1 mb-0">Don't have an account? <a href="{% url

'signup' %}"

class="link-danger">Register</a></p>

</div>

</form>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div

37
class="d-flex flex-column flex-md-row text-center text-md-start justify-content-between

py-4 px-4 px-xl-5 bg-primary">

<!-- Copyright -->

<div class="text-white mb-3 mb-md-0">

Copyright © 2023. All rights reserved.

</div>

<!-- Copyright -->

<style>

.divider:after,

.divider:before {

content: "";

flex: 1;

height: 1px;

background: #eee;

.h-custom {

height: calc(100% - 73px);

@media (max-width: 450px) {

38
.h-custom {

height: 100%;

</style>

</section>

</body>

</html>

Sign up

{% load static %}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>

Parking Management System

</title>

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-

alpha1/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-

w76AqPfDkMBDXo30jS1Sgez6pr3x5MlQ1ZAGC+nuZB+EYdgRZgiwxhTBTkF7CXvN"

39
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

<link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-

alpha1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-

GLhlTQ8iRABdZLl6O3oVMWSktQOp6b7In1Zl3/Jr59b6EGGoI1aFkw7cmDA6j6gD"

crossorigin="anonymous">

<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet">

<!-- Link to Google Fonts in the HTML head -->

<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans&display=swap"

rel="stylesheet">

<linl href="https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Crimson+Text">

<style>

/* Use the imported font in CSS */

body {

font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<section class="vh-100">

40
<div class="container-fluid h-custom">

<div class="row d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center h-100">

<div class="col-md-9 col-lg-6 col-xl-5">

{% load static %}<img src="https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/black-cars-parking-lot-

parking-icon-logo-black-cars-parking-lot-parking-icon-logo-white-130998396.jpg"

class="img-fluid" alt="Sample image"

style="border-radius: 30%;

box-shadow: 2px 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 25%,
100%

75%, 50% 100%, 0% 75%, 0% 25%);">

</div>

<div class="col-md-8 col-lg-6 col-xl-4 offset-xl-1">

<form action="" method="POST">

{% csrf_token %}

<div class="divider d-flex align-items-center my-4">

<p class="text-center fw-bold mx-3 mb-0">Parking application Signup </p>

</div>

<!-- username input -->

<div class="form-outline mb-2">

<label class="form-label" for="form3Example3">Username</label>

41
<input type="text" name="username" id="form3Example3" class="form-control

form-control-lg"

placeholder="Enter a Username" />

</div>

<label class="form-label" for="form3Example3">Email</label>

<div class="form-outline mb-2">

<input type="email" name="email" id="form3Example3" class="form-control form-

control-lg"

placeholder="Enter a Email" />

</div>

<!-- Password input -->

<div class="form-outline mb-2">

<label class="form-label" for="form3Example4">Password</label>

<input type="password" name="password1" id="form3Example4" class="form-

control form-control-lg"

placeholder="Enter password" />

</div>

<div class="form-outline mb-2">

<label class="form-label" for="form3Example4">Re-Enter Password</label>

42
<input type="password" name="password2" id="form3Example4" class="form-

control form-control-lg"

placeholder="Re-Enter password" />

</div>

<div class="text-center text-lg-start mt-4 pt-2">

<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg"

style="padding-left: 2.5rem; padding-right: 2.5rem;">Signup</button>

<p class="small fw-bold mt-2 pt-1 mb-0">if you have an account? <a href="{% url 'login'

%}"

class="link-danger">Login</a></p>

</div>

</form>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div

class="d-flex flex-column flex-md-row text-center text-md-start justify-content-between

py-4 px-4 px-xl-5 bg-primary">

<!-- Copyright -->

43
<div class="text-white mb-3 mb-md-0">

Copyright © 2023. All rights reserved.

</div>

<!-- Copyright -->

<style>

.divider:after,

.divider:before {

content: "";

flex: 1;

height: 1px;

background: #eee;

.h-custom {

height: calc(100% - 73px);

@media (max-width: 450px) {

.h-custom {

height: 100%;

44
}

</style>

</section>

</body>

</html>

Payment:

<div class="container p-0">

<style>

@import
url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:400,700&display=swap');

*{

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

box-sizing: border-box;

font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;

body {

display: flex;

justify-content: center;

align-items: center;
45
min-height: 100vh;

background-color: #0C4160;

padding: 30px 10px;

.card {

max-width: 500px;

margin: auto;

color: black;

border-radius: 20 px;

p{

margin: 0px;

.container .h8 {

font-size: 30px;

font-weight: 800;

text-align: center;

.btn.btn-primary {

46
width: 100%;

height: 70px;

display: flex;

align-items: center;

justify-content: space-between;

padding: 0 15px;

background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #77A1D3 0%, #79CBCA 51%, #77A1D3

100%);

border: none;

transition: 0.5s;

background-size: 200% auto;

.btn.btn.btn-primary:hover {

background-position: right center;

color: #fff;

text-decoration: none;

.btn.btn-primary:hover .fas.fa-arrow-right {

transform: translate(15px);

47
transition: transform 0.2s ease-in;

.form-control {

color: white;

background-color: #223C60;

border: 2px solid transparent;

height: 60px;

padding-left: 20px;

vertical-align: middle;

.form-control:focus {

color: white;

background-color: #0C4160;

border: 2px solid #2d4dda;

box-shadow: none;

.text {

font-size: 14px;

font-weight: 600;

48
}

::placeholder {

font-size: 14px;

font-weight: 600;

</style>

<div class="card px-4">

<p class="h8 py-3">Payment Details</p>

<div class="row gx-3">

<div class="col-12">

<div class="d-flex flex-column">

<p class="text mb-1">Person Name</p>

<input class="form-control mb-3" type="text" placeholder="Name" value="">

</div>

</div>

<div class="col-12">

<div class="d-flex flex-column">

<p class="text mb-1">Card Number</p>

<input class="form-control mb-3" type="text" placeholder="1234 5678

49
435678">

</div>

</div>

<div class="col-6">

<div class="d-flex flex-column">

<p class="text mb-1">Expiry</p>

<input class="form-control mb-3" type="text" placeholder="MM/YYYY">

</div>

</div>

<div class="col-6">

<div class="d-flex flex-column">

<p class="text mb-1">CVV/CVC</p>

<input class="form-control mb-3 pt-2 " type="password" placeholder="***">

</div>

</div>

<div class="col-12">

<div class="btn btn-primary mb-3">

<a href="{% url 'success' %}"><span class="ps-3" >Pay ₹500.00</span></a>

<span class="fas fa-arrow-right"></span>

50
</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

Models

from django.db import models

class ParkingSlot(models.Model):

LOCATION_CHOICES = (

('middle', 'Middle'),

('right', 'Right'),

('left', 'Left'),

('center', 'Center'),

('UB', 'Upper Basement'),

('LB', 'Lower Basement'),

slot_number = models.IntegerField(default=0)

location = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=LOCATION_CHOICES)

def _str_(self):

51
return str(self.slot_number)

class Meta:

ordering = ['slot_number']

def save(self, *args, **kwargs):

if not self.id:

# This is a new instance, set the slot number

last_slot = ParkingSlot.objects.order_by('-slot_number').first()

if last_slot:

self.slot_number = last_slot.slot_number + 1

else:

self.slot_number = 1

super(ParkingSlot, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

class BookSlot(models.Model):

name=models.CharField(max_length=100)

make = models.CharField(max_length=100)

model = models.CharField(max_length=100)

slotnumber=models.OneToOneField(ParkingSlot, on_delete=models.SET_NULL,

null=True, blank=True)

license_plate = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)

52
Settings

"""

Django settings for parkingProject project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.1.5.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/

"""

import os

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.

BASE_DIR = Path(_file_).resolve().parent.parent

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-

86jt7o12%dfcws4jf0c@jywotr2@yuo_wzcqwbtaf805t_s^jk'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

53
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

'django.contrib.admin',

'django.contrib.auth',

'django.contrib.contenttypes',

'django.contrib.sessions',

'django.contrib.messages',

'django.contrib.staticfiles',

'parkingmanagement.apps.ParkingmanagementConfig',

MIDDLEWARE = [

'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

54
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

ROOT_URLCONF = 'parkingProject.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

'DIRS': [],

'APP_DIRS': True,

'OPTIONS': {

'context_processors': [

'django.template.context_processors.debug',

'django.template.context_processors.request',

'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

],

},

},

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'parkingProject.wsgi.application'

55
# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

'default': {

'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

},

'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

},

'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

56
},

'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

},

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

# Default primary key field type

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

Manage

#!/usr/bin/env python

57
"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""

import os

import sys

def main():

"""Run administrative tasks."""

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'parkingProject.settings')

try:

from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

except ImportError as exc:

raise ImportError(

"Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "

"available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "

"forget to activate a virtual environment?"

) from exc

execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

if _name_ == '_main_':

main().

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6.2 SCREENSHOTS

Client side page

59
60
61
62
Admin side output:

63
64
65
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6.3 TABLE OF DESCRIPTION

Table 1:describes the parking table

Table 2: describes the user table

67
Table 3:describes the Admin table

Table 4: describes the contact table

68
 CHAPTER 7

REFERENCES

1.Kim, J.; Song, J. A Dual Key-Based Activation Scheme for Secure LoRaWAN. Wirel.
Commun. Mob. Comput.2017,2017, 1–12.

2. Hung, M. Leading the IoT; Technical report; Gartner Inc.: Stamford, CT, USA, 2017.

3.Sinha, R.S.; Wei, Y.; Hwang, S.H. A survey on LPWA technology: LoRa and NB-IoT.
ICT Express2017,3, 14–21.

4.Qian, Y.; Jiang, Y.; Chen, J.; Zhang, Y.; Song, J.; Zhou, M.; Pustisek, M. Towards
decentralized IoTsecurity enhancement: A block chain approach. Comput. Electr. Eng.
2018,72, 266–273.

5.Endress, C.; Friedrich-Baasner, G.; Heim, D. From Facets to a Universal Definition—

An Analysis of IoTUsage in Retail. In Proceedings of the International Conference on
Wirtschaftsinformatik, Siegen, Germany,24–27 February 2019.

6.Sha, K.; Yang, T.A.; Wei, W.; Davari, S. A survey of edge computing based designs
for IoTsecurity. Digit. Commun. Netw. 2019.

7.Lee, M. An Empirical Study of Home IoT Services in South Korea: The Moderating
Effect of the Usage Experience. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact. 2019,35, 535–547.

8.Mekki, K.; Bajic, E.; Chaxel, F.; Meyer, F. A comparative study of LPWAN technologies
for large-scale IoT deployment. ICT Express 2019,5, 1–7.

9.Aydin, I.; Karakose, M.; Karakose, E. A navigation and reservation based smart parking
platform using genetic optimization for smart cities. In proccedingof the ICSG 2017—5th
International Istanbul Smart Grids and Cities Congress and Fair, Istanbul, Turkey, 19–
21 April 2017; pp. 120–124.

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10.International Telecommunication Union. World Telecommunication Development
Conference (WTDC-14):Final Report; International Telecommunication Union: Geneva,
Switzerland, 2014.

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