Introduction to C Programming(BESCK104E/204E)

Lab Programs
Program1:
C Program to find Mechanical Energy of a particle using E = mgh+1/2 mv2.
Algorithm:

STEP 1: START

STEP 2: [Intialize] ACC_GRAV=9.806

STEP 3: [Input the mass of the body] read dMass

STEP 4: [Input the displacement of the body] read dHeight

STEP 5: [Input the velocity of the body] read dVelocity

STEP 6: [Compute the values of Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy and Mechanical Energy]

dPotEng=dMass* ACC_GRAV* dHeight

dKinEng=dMass*dVelocity* dVelocity/2
dEng=dPotEng+dKinEng
STEP 7: [Print calculated values]

PRINT Potential Energy

PRINT Kinetic Energy

PRINT Total Energy (Mechanical Energy)
STEP 8: STOP
FLOWCHART:

START

ACC_GRAV=9.806

READ Mass

Height and

Velocity

dPotEng=dMass* ACC_GRAV* dHeight

dKinEng=dMass*dVelocity* dVelocity/2

dEng=dPotEng+dKinEng

PRINT Potential Energy

PRINT Kinetic Energy

PRINT Total Energy

(Mechanical Energy)

STOP
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>

const double ACCL_GRAV = 9.806;

int main()
{
double dMass, dHeight, dVelocity;
double dPotEng, dKinEng, dEng;

printf("\
n*************************************************************");
printf("\n*\tProgram to find Mechanical Energy of a body\t *\n");
printf("*************************************************************");

printf("\nEnter the mass (in kg) of the body: ");

scanf("%lf", &dMass);
printf("\nEnter the height (in metres) of the body: ");
scanf("%lf", &dHeight);
printf("\nEnter the velocity (in meters per second) of the body: ");
scanf("%lf",&dVelocity);

dPotEng = dMass * ACCL_GRAV * dHeight;

dKinEng = dMass * dVelocity * dVelocity / 2;
dEng = dPotEng + dKinEng;

printf("\nPotential energy associated with the body is %0.3lf Joules\n", dPotEng);

printf("\nKinetic energy associated with the body is %0.3lf Joules\n", dKinEng);
 printf("\nTotal energy associated with the body is %0.3lf Joules\n", dEng);

return 0;

}
Output:
************************************************************
* Program to find Mechanical Energy of a body *
*************************************************************
Enter the mass (in kg) of the body: 80

Enter the height (in metres) of the body: 10

Enter the velocity (in meters per second) of the body: 10

Potential energy associated with the body is 7844.800 Joules

Kinetic energy associated with the body is 4000.000 Joules

Total energy associated with the body is 11844.800 Joules

Program2:
C Program to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeters.

Algorithm:

STEP 1: START

STEP 2: [Input the Kilometers ] read dDistKm

STEP 3: [Compute the value of Meters and Centimeters]

dDistMtr = dDistKm * 1000;

dDistCm = dDistMtr * 100;
STEP 4: [Print calculated values]

PRINT Kilometers

PRINT Meters

PRINT Centimeters
STEP 5: STOP
FLOWCHART:

START

READ Kilometers

Compute the value of Meters and

Centimeters

dDistMtr = dDistKm * 1000;

dDistCm = dDistMtr * 100

PRINT Kilometers

PRINT Meters

PRINT Centimeters

STOP
Program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(void)
{
double dDistKm, dDistMtr, dDistCm;

printf("\
n*************************************************************");
printf(\nProgram to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeterst \n");
printf("\
n*************************************************************");

printf("\nEnter the distance in kilometers : ");

scanf("%lf",&dDistKm);

dDistMtr = dDistKm * 1000;

dDistCm = dDistMtr * 100;

printf("\nThe distance entered in kilometers is : %0.3lf n", dDistKm);

printf("\nEquivalent distance in meters is : %0.3lf n", dDistMtr);
printf("\nEquivalent distance in centimeters is : %0.3lf n", dDistCm);
return 0;
}
Output:
*************************************************************
Program to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeterst
*************************************************************
Enter the distance in kilometers : 63
The distance entered in kilometers is : 63.000
Equivalent distance in meters is : 63000.000
Equivalent distance in centimeters is : 6300000.000
Program 3: To Check the Given Character is Lowercase or Uppercase or Special
Character.

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char cChar;
printf("Enter a character to be checked : ");
scanf("%c", &cChar);

if(cChar >= 'a' && cChar <= 'z')

{
printf("The character entered is a lower case character");
}
else if(cChar >= 'A' && cChar <= 'Z')
{
printf("The character entered is a upper case character");
}
else if(cChar >= '0' && cChar <= '9')
{
printf("The character entered is a digit");
}
else
{
printf("The character entered is a special character");
}

return 0;
}
Output:
Enter a character to be checked : a
The character entered is a lower case character
Enter a character to be checked : 1
The character entered is a digit
Enter a character to be checked : #
The character entered is a special character
Enter a character to be checked : A
The character entered is a upper case character
Program 4:
Program to balance the given Chemical Equation values x, y, p, q of a simple chemical
equation of the type: The task is to find the values of constants b1, b2, b3 such that the
equation is balanced on both sides and it must be the reduced form.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int fnGCD(int, int );
int main(void)
{
int x, y, p, q;
int b1, b2, b3;
int iCommDivisor;

printf("Enter the atomocity(x) of Element1 : "); scanf("%d", &x);

printf("Enter the atomocity(y) of Element2 : "); scanf("%d", &y);
printf("Enter the atomocity(p) of Element1 in the compound : "); scanf("%d", &p);
printf("Enter the atomocity(q) of Element2 in the compound : "); scanf("%d", &q);

b1 = p * y;
b2 = q * x;
b3 = x * y;

//if b1, b2 and b3 together have a greatest common divisor divide each one by that
greatest common divisor
iCommDivisor = fnGCD(b1,b2);
iCommDivisor = fnGCD(b3, iCommDivisor);

b1 = b1 / iCommDivisor;
b2 = b2 / iCommDivisor;
b3 = b3 / iCommDivisor;
 printf("nx = %dty = %dtp = %dtq = %dn", x, y, p, q);
printf("nb1 = %dtb2 = %dtb3 = %dn", b1, b2,b3);
printf("nBalanced Equation is now :nt%d*%d + %d*%d ==> %d(%d,%d)",
b1,x,b2,y,b3,p,q);

return 0;

}
int fnGCD(int iVal1, int iVal2)
{
if (0 == iVal2)
return iVal1;
return fnGCD(iVal2, iVal1 % iVal2);
}

Output:
Enter the atomocity(x) of Element1 : 2
Enter the atomocity(y) of Element2 : 2
Enter the atomocity(p) of Element1 in the compound : 2
Enter the atomocity(q) of Element2 in the compound : 1
nx = 2ty = 2tp = 2tq = 1nnb1 = 2tb2 = 1tb3 = 2nnBalanced Equation is now :nt2*2 + 1*2
==> 2(2,1)