SEAM 2 MIDTERM QUESTIONS.

1. Remembering
What is the formula for calculating the metacentric height (GM)?
a) GM = KG + BM
b) GM = KM - KG
c) GM = GZ + BM
d) GM = KM - Bm

2. Understanding
The stability of a ship is most significantly influenced by which of the following?
a) The length of the ship
b) The metacentric height (GM)
c) The number of crew members
d) The shape of the hull

3. Applying
If a vessel has a GM value of 1.5 meters, what does it indicate about the ship’s
stability?
a) The ship is highly unstable
b) The ship is stable under normal conditions
c) The ship is neutral in stability
d) The ship is dangerously unstable

4. Analyzing
How does an increase in the height of the center of gravity (KG) affect a ship’s
stability?
a) It increases stability
b) It has no effect on stability
c) It decreases stability
d) It changes the ship's trim

5. Evaluating
What can be done to improve the stability of a ship that has a low GM value?
a) Increase the draft
 b) Lower the center of gravity
c) Increase the freeboard
d) Increase the ship’s length

6. Remembering
What does the term "righting arm" (GZ) refer to in ship stability?
a) The distance between the center of gravity and the metacenter
b) The force that counters the heeling moment
c) The arm that resists capsizing
d) The force applied by the ship’s rudder
t

7. Understanding
Which stability condition represents the ship's resistance to capsizing when tilted to
one side?
a) Positive Stability
b) Negative Stability
c) Neutral Stability
d) Righting Stability

8. Applying
In the case of a ship with negative stability, which action should be taken to prevent
capsizing?
a) Decrease the ship's draft
b) Increase the GM
c) Lower the metacenter
d) Increase the ship's trim

9. Analyzing
If a vessel has a high metacentric height (GM), which of the following would you
expect?
a) The ship would be too stiff and uncomfortable in rough seas
b) The ship would be unstable under normal conditions
c) The ship would be very slow in responding to changes in heel
d) The ship would have no righting moment

10. Evaluating
How would you improve a ship's stability in rough seas?
a) Increase the weight at the top of the ship
b) Increase the draft and trim
 c) Increase the ship's GM
d) Reduce the ship's speed

11. Remembering
The formula for the rolling period (T) of a ship is given by:
a) T = 0.8 x breadth/square root GM
b) T = 2π√(g/GM)
c) T = 2π√(GZ/g)
d) T = 2π√(KG/g)

12. Understanding
If a ship has a rolling period of 10 seconds, how would you classify its stability?
a) Poor stability
b) Moderate stability
c) Good stability
d) Highly unstable

13. Applying
To prevent excessive heel, which measure would help stabilize a ship during a turn?
a) Increase the ship’s speed
b) Increase the ballast weight
c) Adjust the rudder angle
d) Reduce the ship’s draft

14. Analyzing
What effect does a reduction in freeboard have on ship stability?
a) It improves stability by lowering the center of gravity
b) It can reduce the ship's righting arm
c) It increases resistance to rolling
d) It improves the vessel’s maneuverability

15. Evaluating
What would be a potential risk of reducing the metacentric height (GM) of a ship?
a) The ship could become top-heavy
b) The ship could develop negative stability
c) The ship could be too stiff and uncomfortable in rough seas
d) The ship could lose speed
16. Remembering
The stability of a ship can be assessed using which of the following tools?
a) Stability curve
b) Keel effect diagram
c) Hull curvature graph
d) Dynamic trim table

17. Understanding
The stability of a ship is the resistance to:
a) Rolling
b) Pitching
c) Heeling
d) All of the above

18. Applying
If a ship encounters waves and rolls with a high amplitude, what might this indicate
about its stability?
a) The ship has a low GM
b) The ship has a high GM
c) The ship is balanced
d) The ship is near capsizing

19. Analyzing
Which of the following situations would cause a ship to become unstable?
a) A low center of gravity
b) A high center of gravity
c) Large metacentric height
d) A high draft

20. Evaluating
How would increasing the weight on the upper deck affect a vessel’s stability?
a) It would improve the ship’s stability
b) It would decrease the ship’s stability
c) It would have no effect on the ship’s stability
d) It would stabilize the ship in rough seas

21. Remembering
Which is NOT a factor affecting a ship’s stability?
a) Weight distribution
 b) Freeboard
c) Water density
d) Ship speed

22. Understanding
A vessel with a positive righting arm (GZ) will:
a) Capsize
b) Return to an upright position
c) Become unstable
d) Heel permanently

23. Applying
What should be done if a ship experiences excessive heel due to cargo loading?
a) Increase the ballast weight
b) Lower the center of gravity
c) Reduce the draft
d) Move the cargo to the opposite side

24. Analyzing
How would the position of the center of gravity (KG) affect the ship’s stability?
a) A higher KG increases stability
b) A lower KG improves stability
c) KG has no effect on stability
d) The position of KG only affects the trim

25. Evaluating
How would an increase in ballast weight in the bottom of a vessel affect its
stability?
a) It would increase stability
b) It would decrease stability
c) It would have no effect
d) It would make the vessel unstable

26. Understanding
Which condition is required for a ship to be considered intact in terms of stability?
a) The ship must have a negative GM
b) The ship must have a large freeboard
c) The ship must not exceed a critical angle of heel
d) The ship must not capsize when flooded

27. Applying
How do you verify a vessel’s intact stability condition in a seaway?
a) By checking the freeboard
b) By calculating the GM
c) By checking the deck load
d) By assessing the rudder system

28. Analyzing
How does the shape of a ship’s hull impact its intact stability?
a) A narrower hull increases stability
b) A rounder hull reduces stability
c) A wider hull increases stability
d) The hull shape does not affect stability

29. Evaluating
Which of the following actions would reduce the stability of a vessel after it has been
damaged?
a) Closing watertight doors
b) Pumping ballast into the flooded compartments
c) Reducing the ship’s trim
d) Allowing water to remain in damaged compartments

30. Remembering
Which of the following is the stability criterion for intact ships?
a) The ship must remain upright when heeled to 30 degrees
b) The ship must remain upright with no damage
c) The ship must not capsize under any circumstances
d) The ship must remain upright in all seas

31. Understanding
What is the purpose of the intact stability criteria in ship design?
a) To ensure the ship remains afloat
b) To make sure the ship has adequate buoyancy
c) To ensure the ship can withstand wave forces
d) To ensure the ship can recover from heeling
32. Applying
If a ship has sustained damage but is still afloat, which stability criterion would most likely
be used to evaluate its condition?
a) The intact stability criterion
b) The damage stability criterion
c) The buoyancy stability criterion
d) The flooding criterion

33. Analyzing
What happens to the ship’s righting arm (GZ) in a damaged state?
a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains unchanged
d) It fluctuates with sea conditions

34. Evaluating
What would be the impact of flooding a midship compartment on a vessel's stability?
a) It would likely increase the vessel’s stability
b) It would have no effect on stability
c) It would reduce the vessel’s stability
d) It would increase the righting arm
Answer: c) It would reduce the vessel’s stability

35. Remembering
The term “floodable length” refers to:
a) The maximum length of the ship above the waterline
b) The length of the ship that can be flooded without causing capsizing
c) The length of the ship that cannot be submerged
d) The part of the ship that must always remain above water

36. Understanding
Which of the following scenarios would be classified under the damage stability criterion?
a) The vessel is upright with no damage
b) The ship’s hull is intact and unbreached
c) The ship has sustained flooding in one compartment
d) The vessel has lost its propulsion system

37. Applying
How does the stability of a vessel change when one compartment becomes flooded?
a) The stability improves due to added weight
b) The vessel’s righting arm becomes negative
c) The vessel’s stability is compromised, and it may heel further
d) The ship remains unaffected by flooding

38. Analyzing
If the GM is reduced due to damage, how would the vessel respond in rough seas?
a) It would become more stable
b) It would capsize more easily
c) It would not be affected
d) It would remain at the same stability level

39. Evaluating
To improve damage stability, which action is most likely to be effective?
a) Increase the metacentric height
b) Increase the ballast in the upper decks
c) Improve the sealing and compartmentation of the vessel
d) Reduce the ship’s draft

40. Remembering
Damage stability is primarily concerned with:
a) The ship’s ability to right itself under normal conditions
b) The ship's ability to remain afloat despite flooding
c) The ship's overall buoyancy
d) The ship's ability to resist external forces