2020 17th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON)

A Tri-Band Antenna for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN and

Ku-Band Applications
Wutthipong Thanamalapong Chuwong Phongcharoenpanich Suthasinee Lamultree*
Department of Electronics and Department of Telecommunication Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering, Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Telecommunication Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala
University of Technology Isan Khonkaen Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10250, Thailand. University of Technology Isan Khonkaen
Campus, Khonkaen, 40000, Thailand e-mail: [email protected] Campus, Khonkaen, 40000, Thailand.
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract—In this work, a small tri-band, low profile, examples antennas with parasitic components and a fractal
and lightweight antenna is proposed for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN antenna with configurability pattern etc.
and Ku-band applications. The presented antenna consists of a
This research, the design of tri- band bidirectional pattern
radiating rectangular patch surrounded by a wide circular
slot with parasitic inverted L-shape. It is modeled on a antenna implemented by a rectangular patch antenna surrounded
single side FR-4 substrate with height of 1.6 mm, relative by wide-circular slot (WCS) is presented for 2.4/5 GHz
permittivity of 4.3 and copper layer thickness of 0.035 mm. The WLAN ( 2. 4– 2. 484 GHz /5.15– 5.825 GHz) and Ku-band
designed antenna has a small size of 40 mm × 40 mm × 1.6 mm. ( 13.4-17.7 GHz) . By using CST microwave studio [14],
This presented antenna is fed by 50-ohm coplanar wave guide. all optimum parameters are achieved. Next section,
It completely envelops the desired frequency bands of 2.4-2.485
simulated and tested results are demonstrated and considered.
GHz and 5.15-5.825 GHz for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN and 13.4-17.7
GHz for Ku-band with bi-directional pattern and |S11| is
less than -10 dB. To insist the simulation, antenna
II. ANTENNA STRUCTURE AND ITS DESIGN
archetype was fabricated and tested. Apparently, The stepwise explanation to the presented antenna is
simulated results are reasonably in fine agreement with illustrated in three sequent stages as depicted in Fig. 1. A
experimental ones. rectangular patch of width wr and length lr fed by 50- ohm
Keywords—patch antenna, tri-band antenna, bidirectional coplanar waveguide (CPW) of length lf, width wf, ground plane
antenna length lg and gab g, as shown in Fig. 1 (a), is firstly designed to
resonate at the 5.5 GHz. This antenna has a small volume of 40
I. INTRODUCTION × 40 × 1. 6 mm3 on a single side FR4 substrate with a relative
With development of novel wireless communications, permittivity of 4. 3 and loss tangent of 0. 02. It provides an
miscellaneous microwave technologies have been applied for omnidirectional pattern with a 10 dB return loss dual- band of
divers applications, those lead to the microwave spectrum more 4.0-6.2 GHz and 13.61-19 GHz as shown in Fig. 2(a)-(b), and
congested. Nowadays, multi-band antennas have become in Fig. 3. Then, a WCS of radius r surrounded the rectangular patch
favor for the sake of high requirement for multi-functionality is supplemented, as shown in Fig. 1( b) , to improve the
and increase data rate with the growth in wireless impedance matching and control omnidirectional pattern to be
communication technology [1-8]. Printed antenna with bidirectional pattern as seen in Fig. 2( c) - ( d) and Fig. 3. To
miniaturized and low-cost of manufacturing is sparkling achieve another band, a pair of inverted L- shape of width l1,
category to realize multi-band operations for diverse wireless thickness l2 and length l3 is designed to resonate at the center
applications [1], [4-8]. So far, a variety of components and frequency of lower band at 2. 45 GHz, and it is attached at the
techniques have been proffered and performed on antennas to side walls of WCS at the position p as shown in Fig. 1(c). This
provide multi-band characteristics for WLAN and other presented antenna produces the bidirectional pattern (as seen in
wireless communication applications, such as multiradiators or Fig. 2( e) - ( f) ) covered two different bandwidths of frequency
radiating components [5-6]. Usually, other approaches, for range from 1. 92 GHz to 2. 69 GHz and 4. 67 GHz to 6. 54 GHz
examples resonant slits, slots, or parasitic coupling [1-8] are as seen in Fig. 3. Simulation was performed using the CST
also interesting to design multi-band antennas. microwave studio. Then, final design was optimized taking
For some specific service communications area, for aspects into consideration such as antenna impedance
examples streets, corridors, tunnels, sky train and subway bandwidth and its radiation gain. All appropriate parameters are
stations, bidirectional antennas are probably the ultimate attained and arranged in TABLE I.
potential candidacies [9-13]. A large number of research
topics on bidirectional antennas are extensively employed
various shapes like rectangular, circular, and elliptical rings, to
compel the radiation propagating in forward and backward
directions. In additions, some more methods are suggested, for

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TABLE I: ANTENNA PARAMETERS

(d)

Fig.1. Structure of the presented antenna: (a) Ant. #1, (b) Ant. #2, and (c)
proposed Ant. (d) prototype.

(a) (b)

(a) (b)

(c) (c) (d)

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(e) (f)
Fig.2. Radiation pattern in: (a) xz-plane of Ant. #1, (b) yz-plane of Ant. #1 (c) xz-
plane of Ant. #2, (d) yz-plane of Ant. #2 and (e) ) xz-plane of proposed Ant. and
(f) yz-plane of proposed Ant. Fig 5. Simulated and measured |S11|.

To assert the simulation results, a prototype antenna was

invented as seen in Fig. 1 ( d) , and tested by using an E5071C
Network Analyzer. The simulated and measured |S11| are
compared and plotted in Fig. 5. Obviously, the simulated |S11|
yields the similar trend and nice agreement with the measured
one. The simulated and measured |S11| < - 10 dB over the
frequency ranges of 1. 92- 2. 69 GHz/ 4. 67– 6. 54 GHz/ 13. 51-
17.72 GHz and 2.02-2.62 GHz/ 5.08–6.27 GHz/11.97-18 GHz
covering the 2.4/5 GHz WLAN/ Ku- band applications,
respectively.
Moreover, the radiation pattern in xz- and yz-planes of
proposed antenna at 2.45 GHz, 5.5 GHz, 13.7 GHz and 17.7 GHz
are shown in Fig. 6. Apparently, this presented antenna produces
the bidirectional pattern with different beam peak for each band.
Fig.3. |S11| of the design antenna.
At the operating frequencies of 2.45 GHz, 5.5 GHz, 13.7 GHz
and 17.7 GHz, the HPBWs in xz-planes are 147.2°, 124.3°, 49.7°,
III. NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS and 32.2° and HPBWs in yz-planes are 84.2°, 55.3°, 21.0°, and
In this section, simulation and experimental results of 38.9°, respectively.
presented antenna are shown and considered. This designed
antenna produces three different resonance frequencies of 2.1/5.4
GHz and 15.1 GHz for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN and Ku-band, over the
ranges of 1.92-2.69 GHz/ 4.67-6.54 GHz/13.51-17.72,
respectively as depicted in Fig. 4. It produces
minimum/maximum gains of 1.54/2.41 dBi and 2.54/ 4.46 dBi
for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN, and 3.9/5 dBi for Ku-band, respectively
as shown in Fig. 4.

(a)

Fig 4. Simulated |S11| and gain.

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 2020 17th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON)

IV. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper, a small rectangular patch with WCS and
parasitic inverted L-shape fed by 50-ohm CPW is proposed for
tri-band wireless communication applications. In the process,
the rectangular patch with the WCS provides dual-band
frequency for 5 GHz WLAN and Ku-band applications. To
achieve another frequency band of 2.4 GHz WLAN, a pair of
inverted L- shape is attached at the left and right sides of WCS.
Apparently, this antenna provides the bidirectional pattern
covered three different frequency bands of 2.4-2.5 GHz and
5.15-5.825 GHz for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN and 13.4-17.7 GHz for
Ku-band with maximum gain of 2.27 dBi, 3.81 dBi and 5.04
dBi, respectively. The measured results verify the simulations,
and they are reasonably in good agreement.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This research project is supported by Rajamangala
University of Technology Isan.
(b)

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(d) 16.7 GHz

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