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Defects Stqa

The document discusses the origins and classifications of software defects, emphasizing the distinction between bugs and defects. It outlines various defect classes related to requirements, design, code, and testing, along with common types of defects encountered during development. Additionally, it includes examples and activities related to defect identification and assessment.

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10 views

Defects Stqa

The document discusses the origins and classifications of software defects, emphasizing the distinction between bugs and defects. It outlines various defect classes related to requirements, design, code, and testing, along with common types of defects encountered during development. Additionally, it includes examples and activities related to defect identification and assessment.

Uploaded by

khushalis1512
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SNS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Kurumbapalayam (Po), Coimbatore – 641 107


An Autonomous Institution
Accredited by NAAC – UGC with ‘A’ Grade
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

COURSE NAME : 19CS511 SOFTWARE TESTING

III YEAR / V SEMESTER

Unit 1- INTRODUCTION

Topic 7: Origins of Defects and Cost of defects

1/X
Origins of Defects and Cost of defects -Problem

An issue can be a bug or a defect. The term issue is often used


with clients to indicate that the problem not necessarily is faulty
code.
A defect can also be a bug, but for me a defect is a piece of code
that works- but doesn’t do what it is expected to do.

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 2/18


What is a Defect?

A software bug arises when the


expected result don't match with
the actual results. It can also be
error, flaw, failure, or fault in a
computer program.
Most bugs arise from mistakes and
errors made by developers,
architects.

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 3/18


Defect-Cont..

Defect can be classified in many ways.


Defects are assigned to four major classes reflecting their point of origin in the software life cycle.
These classes are:-
Requirements / Specification Defect Classes
Design Defect Classes
Code Defect Classes
Testing Defect Classes

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 4/18


Defect -Cont..

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 5/18


Requirements and Specification Defects

Functional Description Defects: The overall description of what the


product does, and how it should behave.
Feature Defects: Features may be described as distinguishing
characteristics of a software component or system.
Features refers to functional aspects of software that map to functional
requirement described by the user and the client, it also maps quality
such as performance and reliability.
Feature defects are mainly due to features description that are missing,
incorrect, incomplete.

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 6/18


Requirements and Specification Defects-Cont..
3.Feature Interaction Defects:

These are due to an incorrect description of how the features should


interact. For example, suppose one feature of a software system supports adding
a new customer to a customer database.
4.Interface Description Defects
These are defects that occur in the description of how the target software is to
interface with external software, hardware, and users. For detecting many
functional description defects, black box testing techniques, which are based on
functional specifications of the software, offer the best approach.

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 7/18


Design Defects

1.Algorithmic and Processing Defects


These occur when the processing steps in the algorithm as described by
the pseudo code are incorrect.
2.Control, Logic, and Sequence Defects
Control defects occur when logic flow in the pseudo code is not correct.
For example, branching to soon, branching to late, or use of an incorrect
branching condition.

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 8/18


Design Defects -Cont..
3. Data Defects
These are associated with incorrect design of data structures. For exam- ple, a
record may be lacking a field, an incorrect type is assigned to a variable or a field
in a record, an array may not have the proper number of elements assigned, or
storage space may be allocated incorrectly

4. Module Interface Description Defects

These are defects derived from, for example, using incorrect, and/or in-
consistent parameter types, an incorrect number of parameters, or an incorrect
ordering of parameters

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 9/18


Design Defects -Cont..

6.External Interface Description Defects

These are derived from incorrect design descriptions for interfaces with
COTS components, external software systems, databases, and hardware
devices (e.g., I/O devices). Other examples are user interface description
defects where there are missing or improper commands, improper sequences
of commands, lack of proper messages, and/or lack of feedback messages for
the user.

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 10/18


Common Types of Defects
Following are the common types of defects that occur during development:
✔Arithmetic Defects
✔Logical Defects
✔Syntax Defects
✔Multithreading Defects
✔Interface Defects
✔Performance Defects

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 11/18


Example Program

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number1, sum;
printf("Enter two integers: ")
scanf("%d ", &number1, &number2);
// calculating sum
sum = number1 + number3:
printf("sum);
return 0;
)
* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 12/18
Defect Identification

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
1
{
int number1, number2, sum; 2 3

printf("Enter two integers: ");


scanf("%d %d", &number1, &number2);
// calculating sum
4
sum = number1 + number2; 5

printf("%d + %d = %d", number1, number2, sum); return 0;


}
6

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 13/18


* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 14/18
Activity

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 15/18


Advantages and Disadvantages

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 16/18


Assessment 1
1. List out the Advantages of defect
a)_______________________________________
b)_______________________________________
c)_______________________________________
d)_______________________________________

2. Identify the Disadvantages of defect


a)_______________________________________
b)_______________________________________
c)_______________________________________
d)_______________________________________

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 17/18


TEXT BOOKS:
1. Ricardo Baeza-Yates and Berthier Ribeiro-Neto, ―Modern Information Retrieval: The
Concepts and Technology behind Search, Second Edition, ACM Press Books, 2011.
2. Ricci, F, Rokach, L. Shapira, B.Kantor, ―Recommender Systems Handbookǁ, First Edition,
2011.
REFERENCES:
1. C. Manning, P. Raghavan, and H. Schütze, ―Introduction to Information Retrieval,
Cambridge University Press, 2008.
2. Stefan Buettcher, Charles L. A. Clarke and Gordon V. Cormack, ―Information Retrieval:
Implementing and Evaluating Search Engines, The MIT Press, 2010.

THANK YOU

* Unit-1/Introduction/19CS511 Software Testing /Ms.D.Nirmala/CSE/SNSCE 18/18

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