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Styled Compiler Design Notes

The document provides an overview of compiler design, including definitions of compilers, interpreters, and assemblers, as well as the phases of compilation. It discusses key concepts such as parsing, grammar classifications, and automata theory, including NFA to DFA conversion and FSA minimization. Additionally, it addresses grammar simplification and ambiguity in context-free grammars.

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3 views

Styled Compiler Design Notes

The document provides an overview of compiler design, including definitions of compilers, interpreters, and assemblers, as well as the phases of compilation. It discusses key concepts such as parsing, grammar classifications, and automata theory, including NFA to DFA conversion and FSA minimization. Additionally, it addresses grammar simplification and ambiguity in context-free grammars.

Uploaded by

notesforme09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Compiler Design

Compiler

A compiler is a program that translates high-level programming language into machine code. It

performs the entire translation process before execution.

Interpreter

An interpreter translates high-level programming language into machine code line-by-line, whereas

a compiler translates the entire code at once.

Assembler

An assembler converts assembly language into machine code.

Phases of Compilation

The phases of a compiler include lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, optimization,

and code generation.

Passes

A pass refers to a single scan through the source code by the compiler, often used in multi-pass

compilation for better optimization.

Bootstrapping

Bootstrapping is the process of writing a compiler in the source programming language that it is

intended to compile.

Parser & Its Classification

A parser checks the syntax of the code. Classifications include LL parsers, LR parsers, and

predictive parsers.

Parse Tree
A parse tree is a tree representation of the syntactic structure of source code.

T Diagrams

T diagrams are used to show the relationship between a grammar's production rules.

Recursive Descent Parser

A recursive descent parser is a top-down parser that uses a set of recursive procedures to process

a grammar.

Left Recursion

Left recursion in a grammar occurs when a non-terminal symbol appears as the leftmost symbol in

its own production rule.

Left Factoring

Left factoring is a technique used to eliminate ambiguity by transforming a grammar's production

rules.

First & Follow

First and Follow are used in predictive parsers to determine which production rule to apply based on

input symbols.

Chomsky Classification of Formal Grammar

Chomsky's classification divides formal grammars into 4 types: Type 0, Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3.

NFA to DFA Conversion

NFA (Non-deterministic Finite Automaton) can be converted into a DFA (Deterministic Finite

Automaton) using the powerset construction method.

FSA

Finite State Automaton (FSA) is a mathematical model used to recognize patterns in input strings.
Mealy and Moore Machines

A Mealy machine's output depends on the current state and input, whereas a Moore machine's

output depends only on the state.

RE to FSA Conversion

Regular Expressions (RE) can be converted to FSAs using Thomson's construction method.

FSA Minimization

Minimization of an FSA reduces the number of states while maintaining the language it recognizes.

CFG, CFL

Context-Free Grammar (CFG) is used to define context-free languages (CFL). These languages are

important in programming language syntax.

Grammar Simplification

Simplification techniques like unit production elimination and null production elimination reduce the

complexity of a grammar.

Ambiguity in CFG

A CFG is ambiguous if there are multiple derivations for a single string, making it difficult to

determine which parse tree is correct.

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