Booklet

3rd Primary
2021 - 2022

1
Unit 1

At The Track

Part 1
2
 Look and Read:

I’m at a sports event today with Mommy and my brother.

Some athletes are running. The track is 800 meters around
the field. The race is exciting, the athletes are running very
quickly. I hope Waleed wins today! There is a throwing
competition, too. You have to throw the ball as far as you can.
Three meters is a good distance for throwing the ball.
Someone measures how far the athletes throw the ball.
That athlete competed in a sports event and won. He can
jump really high! Now, he is getting a medal.

3
Event (n.)
Something that happens, especially something
important or strange.
Ex: We went to the track to see the sports event.

Athlete (n.)
A person who is very good at sports or physical
exercise, especially one who competes in
organized events.
Ex: He became a professional athlete at the age of
16.

Track (n.)
A path or road, often in the shape of a ring, that
is designed and built for sports events.
Ex: The runners are now in their final lap of the
track.

Field (n.)
An area usually covered with grass, used for
playing sports.
Ex: That's our baseball field.

Race (n.)
A competition in which all the competitors try to
be the fastest and to finish first.
Ex: Do you know who won the race?

Competition (n.)
An organized event in
which people try to win a prize by being the best
or the fastest.
Ex: She's entered a crossword competition.
4
Distance (n.)
The amount of space between two places.
Ex: What's the distance between Cairo and
Sharm?

Medal (n.)
A small metal disc given as a reward for winning a
competition.
Ex: She won three Olympic gold medals.

Win (v.)
To achieve first position and/or get a prize in a
competition.
Ex: This is the third medal she's won this season.

Measure (v.)
To discover the exact size or amount of
something.
Ex: This device measures your heart rate.

Compete (v.)
To try to be more successful than someone or
something else OR to take part in a competition
or race.
Ex: The two athletes are
competing for the gold medal.

Get (v.)
To obtain, earn or buy something.
Ex: He is getting a trophy now.

5
 The long jump:
An athletic event in which competitors jump as
far as possible along the ground in one leap.

A throwing competition:
An athletic event in which competitors
send something through the air with force,
especially by a sudden movement of the arm.

a throwing
the long jump competition

Do

gymanstics athletics

Note We use “Do” with recreational activities and

individual non-team sports, for example gymnastics
and martial arts.

6
The Future Simple Tense
(Will)

1) Predictions for the future without evidence.

Ex: Robots will drive cars for us.

2) Decisions made on the spot (Sudden

Decision).
Ex: I’ll call Susan! She may know the answer.

3) For promises, threats & warnings.

Ex: Don’t carry that bag. You’ll hurt your back.

4) After: I hope, I think, I’m sure, I bet, I

suppose, I expect, I wonder etc….
Ex: I think I’ll have a sandwich.

5) For requests and offers.

Ex: Will you come to the dentist with me,
please?

7
Affirmative:

Subject + will + verb base form (infinitive)

Ex: -He will win the race tomorrow.

-I think the event will be amazing.

Negative form:

Subject + will not (won’t) + verb base form

(infinitive)

Ex: -He will not (won’t) win the race tomorrow.

Question form (Yes/No):

Will + subject + verb base form (infinitive) +?

Ex: -Will he play football in the future?

-Yes, he will. OR –No, he won’t.

Question form (Wh):

8
 Wh question word + will + subject + verb base
form (infinitive) +?

Ex: -Where will you travel next week?

-I will travel to Spain next week.

Keywords:
-Tomorrow.
-In the future.
-Next (week, month, year, summer/winter).
-Tonight.
-This evening.
-In a week, month, year.

Listen and
Read:
9
 What is a world record? It’s something which is the fastest, biggest,
oldest, or smallest in the world. People in many different countries like
trying to make new world records all the time. Here are some famous
Egyptian world records.

Did you know ----? In 2017/ 2018, the Egyptian footballer Mohamed Salah
set a world record when he played for the English team, Liverpool. He
scored the highest number of goals in one season – 32 goals!

Egypt’s national football team has a world record too. It is for winning
the Africa Cup of Nations the most times. It won seven times, in 1957, 1959,
1986, 1998, 2006, 2008, and 2010!

And in 2018, cyclists in Egypt made a new world record. They made the
largest GPS drawing by bicycle! The challenge was to cycle 761 Km around
Egypt, and record the direction of the race. The cyclists started at the Great
Pyramids of Giza, and it took three days to finish.
The picture of their journey made the shape of a heart on the map! It was
important because it made people think about how important it is to keep
your heart healthy.
It isn’t just Egyptian people who break world records. The Egyptian Mau is
the fastest cat in the world. It can run up to 48 kilometers an hour!

Famous (adj.):
.Known and recognized by many people. 10
.Ex: Mohamed Salah is a famous athlete.
Challenge (n.):
.Something that needs great mental or physical
effort in order to be done successfully and
therefore tests a person's ability.
Ex: He challenged her to a cooking competition.

Cycle (v.):
To ride a bicycle.
Ex: I usually cycle home through the park.

Healthy (adj.):
Showing that you are strong and well.
Ex: She's a normal, healthy child.

11
 Activity Time
Answer the following questions:
1-How many times did the national football team win the Africa cup of
nations?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2-How do you think Mohamed Salah set a world record?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3- “The picture of their journey made the shape of a heart on the map!”
Why do you think the cyclists made the shape of a heart?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Get from the passage:
1-The synonym of “popular”: -------------------.
2-The antonym of “youngest”: -----------------.
3- Another word for an invitation to compete or take part especially in a
game: --------------------.
Complete the following sentences:
1-Mohamed Salah is a ------------------.
2-The Egyptian Mau is the ------------------------.
3-The --------------- journey took three days to finish.
Match:
1-Cyclist a- showing that you are strong and well. ( )
2-Score b- someone who rides a bicycle. ( )
3-Healthy c- to win or get a point, goal in a competition. ( )

Activity Time
12
 Choose the correct answer:
1-He will compete at a track this spring and play football next fall.
The underlined word in this sentence means:
a-To do an activity with others and try to do better than they do.

b-To be a part of a sports activity in which you are trying to win.

2-I need to go to the supermarket and get some bread.

The underlined word in this sentence means:
a- To buy something.
b- To give something.

3-The athletes are at the track.

The underlined word in this sentence means:
a- An area usually covered with grass, used for playing sports.
b- A path or road, often in the shape of a ring, that is designed and built for
sports events.
4- Andy won the swimming competition.
The underlined word in this sentence means:
a- A person who is very good at sports or physical exercise, especially
one who competes in organized events.
b- An organized event in which people try to win a prize by being
the best or the fastest.

Write the words from the word bank under the correct pictures and
then find them in the grid below:

track – long jump – athlete – measure – distance – throwing –

running – field – medal.

13
------------------------ --------------------- ------------------------

--------------------- --------------------- -----------------------

-------------------- ---------------------- -------------------

a h r u n n i n g s o
t h r o w i n g h d s
z l o n g j u m p e m
x u d i s t a n c e e
y t r a c k b f g h d
j k l m o f i e l d a
m e a s u r e q r t l
u a t h e l e v x z w

Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

athletes – medals – jump – will – be – team – think – watching

– exciting – won’t – sports – running - medal

1-There are eleven players in a football -------------.

2- Many ------------ took part in the race.

3- She won a gold ---------------- in the contest.

14
 4- The runners are -------------- at the track.

5- Will it ----------- a good competition?

6- I ------------ the athlete wearing red will win.

7- Shady is -------------- the long jump competition.

8- I like the race it is ---------------.

9- Caren and Maggy can --------------- high.

10- Our team is the winner. We are getting -------------.

11-There is a big ----------- event.

12- It ---------- be easy to win. There are lots of good athletes.

13- My son ran three races today. He --------- be tired.

Choose the correct answers:

1-She has the build and strength of a natural (compete – athlete – athletics).

2-(Measure – Length – Width) the distance between the two points.

3-My daughter wants to (compete – competing – competed) in athletics.

4-She hopes to (win – think – measure) the golden medal.

5-It’s a short (athlete – distance – competition) to school.

6-The workers (win – wear – write) masks to avoid the dust.

15
7-What grade did he (win – measure – get) for the exam?

8-Carmen holds the world record for the long (jump – throw – run).

9-He won a bronze (athlete – distance – medal) in the 100 meters.

10-Your birthday is an annual (even – evil – event).

11-Rana always (does – makes – goes) karate at the club.

12-You have to (throw – jump – run) the ball as far as you can.

13- I (will – do – am) go to the cinema tonight.

16
 Supply the missing parts in the following
dialogues:
(1)
Sandy: -------------------- are you going?
Sue: I’m going to the club.
Sandy: Who are you going with?
Sue: I’m going with --------------------.
Sandy: What sports ----------- you like?
Sue: I like throwing.

(2)
Ahmed: -------------------- do you go every day after school?
Ali: I go to the club.
Ahmed: -----------------------------------------------?
Ali: Yes, I do sports.
Ahmed: -----------------------------------------------?
Ali: I play football.

Unit 1 17
At The Track
Part 2

18
 Look and Read:

My friend Sara is a runner. I am training with her to support

her and it helps me get fit. We warm up together and we have
fun! I record her race times, too. Last race she came second,
she didn’t win, so she wants to try harder. We eat healthy
food; we bring some fruit to the track to have a snack. I like
helping Sara because she is a good friend. She always listens
when I have a problem, or if I am worried about something.

19
Training (n.)
Practice that prepares a person or an animal to
do a job, have a skill, or play a sport.
EX: We are training for a big race.

Support (v.)
To agree with and give encouragement to
someone or something because you want him,
her, or it to succeed OR To help someone, often
when they are having problems.
Ex: My sister always supports me.

Fit (adj.)
Healthy, especially because you exercise a lot.
Ex: Cora is very fit because she exercises daily.

Warm up (Ph.v.)
To prepare yourself for a physical activity by
doing some gentle exercises and stretches.
EX: They were warming up before the game.

Record (v.)
To keep information that is written on paper or
stored on a computer so that it can be used in the
future.
Ex: The nurse recorded my height and weight in
my health chart.

Came second (v.)

To be the first person to finish after the winner.
Ex: He didn't win the race.He came second.

20
Try harder (v.)
To work hard to do better.
EX: I will try harder to win.

Snack (n.)
A small amount of food that is eaten between
meals.
Ex: The kindergarten children have their snack
around ten o'clock every day.

Worried (adj.)
Unhappy because you are thinking about
problems or unpleasant things that might happen.
Ex: He was very worried about the test because
he had not studied enough.

Exercise (n.)
Physical action performed to make or keep your
body healthy.
EX: Eat healthy and do plenty of exercise.

Runner (n.)
Someone who runs especially in competitions.
Ex: Sue is a long distance runner.

Problem (n.)
A situation, person, or thing
that needs attention and needs to be dealt with
or solved.
Ex: Our main problem is lack of cash.

21
 : used to join two words, phrases, parts of sentences
together.
EX: We had cake and ice cream as a dessert.

: used to introduce an added statement, usually different

from what you have said before (to show contrast).
EX: She ran in the race but she didn’t win a medal.

: is used to show the cause (reason) of something.

EX: We can't go to Julia's party because we're
going away that weekend.

22
 : is used to show the result of something.
EX: We are hungry, so we will eat.

: is used to show choices, used after negative verb to mean

not one thing and also not another.
EX: The children don’t laugh or smile.

23
 When the letter ‘C‘ comes directly before the letters ‘e‘, ‘i‘ or ‘y‘ we use
the /s/ sound.
 In other cases we use a /k/ sound.
C sounds like /K/ C sounds like /S/

Cake Citadel

Camel City

Coffee Face

Cold Ice

Fact Pencil

Music Rice

Note:

.Citadel (n.): A strong castle where people can shelter from danger
City (n.): A large town.
Fact (n.): Something said or known to be true.

24
Space (n.): The area that contains the entire universe beyond the earth;
outer space.

Activity Time

Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

fit – snack – because – fact – support – or – worried – space –

city – warm up – recorded – but.

25
 1- She opened the umbrella ----------------- it was raining.

2- It is a ------------------- that water covers most of the Earth's surface.

3- The astronaut is a person who has been trained for travelling in

------------.

4- I eat lots of fruit and vegetables to stay ------------------.

5- The turtle can walk ---------------- it can’t run.

6- Doctors are -------------------- about the possible spread of the disease.

7- For a ----------------------, she eats fruit or nuts.

8- I always ----------------- my friends.

9- I ------------------- my favorite TV program so I could watch it later.

10- ------------------------- is important before a run.

11- Which colour do you want – red, green, yellow, ---------------- blue?

12- Venice is the most beautiful ---------------------- in Europe.

Combine the sentences using a conjunction (so – or – because – but

– and):

Hana is hungry. Hana is eating a sandwich.

26
1- Hana is hungry so she is eating a sandwich.

They can’t drink the coffee. The coffee is very hot.

2- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

We can go to the beach. We can go to the park.

3- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

The baby can crawl. The baby can’t walk.

4- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

27
She can sing well. She can draw well.

5- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

Rearrange the following sentences:

1- hard – He – to – race - . – the – is – win – training
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2- citadel – is – old – The – and – high - . – very
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3- the– We – every – to– go – beach– summer.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
4- old – drinks – man – This – milk – glasses – five – of – daily.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

Choose the correct answers:

1- My family always (supported – support – supports) me in whatever

I want to do.

2-She won the race. She came (first – support – find).

3-You should eat (dirty – fast – healthy) food.

4-I (think – play – record) her race times.

5-We do sports and (eat – have – take) fun.

6-I like running (so – but – because) I’m not very fast.
28
7-I warm (on – at – up) with my friends.

8-She doesn’t know all the (facts – face – ice) about the case.

9-He’s a talented (compete – athlete – distance) who competes nationally

and internationally.

10-Both girls (competition – carrots – compete) for their father’s attention.

11-Alia got a bad mark in English. She should (warm up – support – try

harder) next time.

12-Kevin is interested in pop (mice – music – rice).

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

1-Amy: Who is taller, you or your sister?

Lulu: -----------------------------------------------.

Amy: -------------------------------------------?

Lulu: I am 120 cm tall.

2- Ahmed: --------------------------------?

Amir: Yes, I will do my math homework.

Ahmed: ---------------------------------?

29
Amir: No, it isn’t difficult.

Unit 1

Running

At The Track
30
 Part 3
Read the story:

One day, Tamer was sad when he came home from school. “What’s the
matter?” asked his mom. “Sherif asked me why I didn’t want to do the
swimming competition. I told him that I’m scared of water, but it was a
secret. He told Adam and Wael, and now everyone knows. They are
making fun of me.” “That wasn’t very kind of Sherif,” said Tamer’s
mom. The next day, Tamer was a lot happier. “How was school today,
Tamer?” his mom asked. “It was better!” said Tamer, smiling. “Sherif 31
apologized for telling my secret. Adam and Wael said sorry for making
fun of me. We’re all friends again!”
 What's the matter?
.It is a question used to ask if there's
something wrong or if there is a problem.
EX: What's the matter? -I am sick.

Scared (adj.)
Frightened or worried.
Ex: He's scared of spiders.

Make fun of (n.)

To make a joke about someone or something in
a way that is not kind.
Ex: The other children were always making fun
of him because he was fat and wore glasses.

Kind (adj.)
.Generous, helpful, and thinking about other
people's feelings. Its antonym is cruel or unkind.
EX: It's very kind of you to help her.
32

Apologize (v.)
 Good friends Good friends
never: should:

1- Make fun of their friends.

1-Listen to their friend’s
ideas.

2-Tell their friend’s secrets

2-Support their friends.
to others.

3-Spread rumors about their

3-If you make your friend
friends.
sad, it is good to apologize.

4-Pressure their friends to

4-Have fun together!
do something he or she
doesn’t want to do.

33
 How

1-How far ------?

It is used to ask how great a distance is.
Ex: How far can he jump?
He can jump 200 meters!

2-How high --------?

It is used to ask about things which are a long way above the
ground.
Ex: How high can she jump?
She can jump 100 meters!

34
3-How fast --------?
It is used to ask about the speed of something or someone.
Ex: How fast can he run?
He can run 100 meters in 15 seconds!

4-How many --------?

It is used to ask about the number of countable nouns.
Ex: How many days are there in the week?
There are seven days in the week.

5-How much --------?

It is used to ask about the quantity of uncountable nouns.
Ex: How much water do you drink?
I drink a lot of water every day.

6-How often --------?

It is used to ask about the frequency of an action.
Ex: How often do you go to the club?
I go to the club twice a week.

35
 Activity Time

Choose the correct answer:

1- A: How (far – often – high) do you do sports?

B: I do sports every day.

2-Do you enjoy (run –running – runs)?

3-Never make (fin – fan – fun) of your friend.

4-Listen (on – of – to) your friend’s ideas.

5-We (am – are – have) fun together.

6-How (many – far – often) goals did he score?

7-It was cold today (so – but – because) I wore a jacket.

8-The people are watching the (runs – runners –running) around the track.

9-Are you (compete – competing – competed) in the 100 meter race?

10-The house is only a short (distance – measure – meter) from the sea.

11-(Will – Are – Do) you come to my birthday tomorrow?

12-She wants to lose weight (but – or – because) she eats fast food.

13-Let’s (play – plays – playing) football.

14-I like (dances – dancing – dance).

36
Unscramble the words then number the pictures:

1-snunrer: --------------

2-etcmpeo: -------------

3-ehtlae: ---------------

4-ncdiaste: -------------

5-ruemase: --------------

( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

37
 Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

often - compete – far - measuring – win – will – high - be – t-

shirt – Who – event – won’t – throw – distance – fast – many -
much
1-People were giving out flyers advertising the --------------.

2-Karla is wearing jeans and a -------------------.

3- ------------- was the fastest? –Amir.

4-A friend without faults will never ------------ found.

5-Amira ------------ get a medal. She didn’t jump high.

6-If they won the competition, they --------- be happy.

7-The race track is a --------------------- of 800 meters.

8-Younis can ------------------ the ball a long way.

9-Miss Mona is ---------------------- how far you jumped.

10-Salma wants to ------------------ the 100 meter race.

11-Ten athletes will -------------------- in the 200 meter race this afternoon.

12-How ----------------- can a cheetah run?

13-How ----------------- is it from school to the station?

14-How ----------------- is the Eiffel Tower?

15-How ---------------- do you use the bus?

16- How --------------- pairs of shoes do you have?

17- How --------------- did you pay for the book?

Rewrite:
1- Yes, he can jump the highest. (Can)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

38
2- I like popcorn. I like ice cream. (and)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3-I like throwing. I don’t like jumping. (but)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
4-I got up late so I was late for school. (because)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
5-She will run fast. (not)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
6-They can’t go swimming. It’s cold. (because)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
7-I sometimes go to the cinema. (How often)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
8-He went to the supermarket because he wanted some bread. (so)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
9-Karim doesn’t like watching football matches. He doesn’t like playing
football. (or)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
10-He can jump 1 meter high. (How -------?)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)
Sam: --------------------------------------------------?
Julie: Yes, I can run fast.
Sam: Who runs the fastest?
Julie: ---------------------------------------------------.
39
Sam: Can you run faster than Farida?
Julie: ---------------------------------------------------.

(2)
Jana: Do you like sports?
Hana: --------------------------------------------------.
Jana: Which sport do you like?
Hana: --------------------------------------------------.
Jana: --------------------------------------------------?
Hana: I play basketball twice a week.

Unit 2

40
 Body
Matters
Part 1
Read:
I sometimes stay up late on
a school night because I like
watching T.V and playing
video games. In the morning I
feel tired and cross!

41
When I find things difficult
at school, or I have
arguments with my
friends, I try to stay
positive. I like taking a
walk outside, because it
helps me feel happy and
calm.

I do exercise every day – I

play football or go
swimming. I like cycling too.
I’m always in a good mood
after I do exercise.

I like fruit, but I eat a lot of

sweet snacks too.
Sometimes I feel tired, so I
have candy and snacks. My
mom says I don’t get
enough nutrients.

42
 I like school, but I
sometimes worry because I
have arguments with my
friends. Then I feel angry
and sad. I don’t tell anyone.
I play video games and try
to forget about it.

Stay up late:
Not going to bed at the right time.
EX: I let the kids stay up late on Fridays.

Cross (adj.)
Annoyed or angry.
Ex: My mum gets cross with me if I leave the
kitchen in a mess.

43

Argument (n.)
Disagreeing, be cross with someone because you
Stay positive:
Full of hope, try not to worry when facing a
problem.
EX: She tries to stay positive, but she gets
frustrated.
Calm (adj.)
Relaxed not angry.
Ex: He has a very calm manner.

Mood (n.)
The way you feel at a particular time.
Ex: She's in a good/bad mood.

Nutrient (n.):
A substance that is needed to keep a living thing
alive and to help it to grow.
EX:
A healthy diet should provide all your essential
nutrients.

Worry (v.)
To think about problems or unpleasant things that
might happen in a way that makes you feel
unhappy or frightened.
Ex: Don't worry, she'll be all right.

Forget (v.) 44

To be unable to remember a fact, something

that happened, or how to do something.
Skip (v.):
To avoid, to not do or not have something that
you usually do or that you should do.
EX: I'm trying to lose weight, so I'm skipping lunch
today.

Prefer (v.)
To like, choose, or want one thing rather than
another.
Ex: Do you prefer juice or cupcakes?

Tired (adj.)
In need of rest or sleep.
Ex: She spoke in a tired voice. It was a long day at
work.

Helmet (n.):
A strong,
hard hat that covers and protects the head.
EX: It's very risky to ride your bike without
wearing a cycle helmet.

Protect (v.)
To keep something or someone safe from injury,
damage or loss.
Ex: Recycling is important to protect the
environment.

Skull (n.)
45
The bones of the head that surround the brain and
give the head its shape.
Ex: You could see the old man's skull beneath
-In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle you should:

1-Eat breakfast every day.

-It’s the most important meal. Eating breakfast helps

to be in a good health, including better memory

and concentration.

2-Eat a lot of fruits and vegetables.

-There are lots of vitamins in fruits and vegetables.

3-Drink at least eight glasses of water every day.

-All living things need water. Children should drink at
least 1.5 litres of water every day.
4-Do exercise / Play outside.
-It’s very important to exercise and play outside in
order to be fit and healthy.
5-Sleep more than eight hours every night.
- Babies, young children, and teens need even more
sleep to enable their growth and development.
People over 65 should also get 7 to 8 hours, too.

46
-Long “oo”: The vast majority of English words containing “oo” are pronounced with a
long [uː].
-Short “oo”: the letter group “ook” is mostly pronounced as [ʊk] and “ood” is pronounced
as [ʊd] with a short “u” as in “put” the exceptions are (food, mood) .

Long “oo”:

Mood Food

Room Moon
Short “oo”:

Book Cook

Good Wood

47
 The Future Simple Tense
(Be going to)

1) Fixed arrangements for the near

future.

Ex: He’s going to buy a new car.

2) To predict something based on

the evidence we have.

Ex: The sky is cloudy. It's going to

rain. -The sun is shining. It's

going to be a sunny day.

48
Affirmative:

Subject + verb to be + going to + verb base

form (infinitive)

Ex: -He is going to play outside tomorrow.

-They are going to travel to China next week.

Negative form:

Subject + verb to be + not + going to + verb

base form (infinitive)

Ex: -He isn’t going to have a party tonight.

Question form (Yes/No):

Verb to be + subject + going to + verb base

form (infinitive) +?

Ex: -Are you going to play table tennis this evening?

-Yes, I am. OR –No, I am not.

Question form (Wh):

Wh question word + verb to be + subject +

going to + verb base form (infinitive) +?

49
Ex: -Where are they going to go this evening?
-They are going to go to the cinema.

Keywords:
-Tomorrow.
-In the future.
-Next (week, month, year, summer/winter).
-Tonight.
-This evening / this afternoon.
-In a week, month, year.

Activity Time
Choose the correct answer:

1-He eats (breakfast – lunch – dinner) in the morning.

2-When I feel (calm – worried – happy), I try to be positive.

50
3-It is unhealthy to (eat – skip – stay) breakfast.

4-Fares gets a lot of (slept – sleeps – sleep).

5-Ahmed gets the (night – right – sight) nutrients.

6-It is (healthy – unhealthy – health) to eat fruits and vegetables.

7-I feel unhappy when I have a/an (argument – mood – skip) with my

friends.

8-Don’t stay (at – on – up) late. You have work tomorrow.

9-Adam doesn’t shout or cry when things go wrong. He keeps (worry – calm

– mood).

10-He is going to (wear – wears – wearing) a helmet.

11-Is she (go – goes – going) to play tennis?

12-They are going to visit the zoo (yesterday – tomorrow – always).

Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

breakfast - kitchen – mood - swimming – Be calm – argument

– stay up late - cross – positive – skip – forget – sleep - tired
1- We will eat in the -------------------.

2-I sometimes ---------------- dinner.

3-Suzy gets 8 hours of ----------------- every night.

4-We are going to go ------------------------------.

51
5-Khaled and Karim never skip --------------------------.

6-A: Do you want to watch a movie?

B: No, I’m not in a good ---------------------.

7-When I face a problem, I try to stay -----------------.

8- ---------------------- and sit tight and everything will turn out well.

9-She had an -------------------- with her brother yesterday.

10-I am going to --------------------------- to finish my paper.

11-My dad gets ----------------- if I leave my bedroom in a mess.

12-I never --------------- to do my homework.

13-I was so --------------- when I got home from work last night that I had

a quick nap.

Pick the healthy habits and put each one of them in a sentence:

drink a lot of
skip breakfast do exercise water
drink soda
sleep more than 8
hours stay up late

eat fruits

sleep 4 hours
go cycling only
play video
eat candy games

--------------------------------------------------------.

52
--------------------------------------------------------.
--------------------------------------------------------.

--------------------------------------------------------.

--------------------------------------------------------.

What should you do in these situations?

1-You want to ride your bike but you can’t find your helmet.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------.
2-You always fall down on your knees when you play football.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------.
3-You have two glasses of cola and a glass of water.

53
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------.
4-You have a lot of fries and a plate full of fruits and vegetables.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------.

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)

Helen: What do you think of my new car?

Judy: ------------------------------------------------------.

Helen: Why do you think so?

Judy: Because it can only carry four passengers.

Helen: ------------------------------------------------------.

Judy: Well, my car is big enough to carry six passengers.

(2)

Ali: Welcome to Egypt. Where do you come from?

Tourist: -----------------------------------------------------.
Ali: How long will you stay in Egypt?
Tourist: ------------------------------------------------------.
Ali: What will you visit?
Tourist: ------------------------------------------------------.

54
Unit 2

Body
Matters
Part 2
55
 Look and Read:

Today we’re going to learn about the body. Miss Mona is going to
tell us how the heart works. Did you know your heart beats about
70 times a minute? Your heart moves blood around your body. Our
brain controls everything that happens in our body.
Our skeleton helps us move and makes us strong. It’s very
interesting! We need muscles to move our bones. Muscles are
attached to bones and they lift and turn bones so we can walk,
run, dance – anything! When we kick a ball, muscles make the bones
in our leg and knee move.
Muscles in our arms and elbows move when you play tennis. We
use muscles when we chew food, to move the jaw bone up and
down.
Bones are hard, and they protect our soft organs. Our brain, heart,
and lungs are important organs that need to be safe.

Body (n.):
The whole physical structure that forms a person o 56
r an animal.
EX: His body is very weak, he needs to do sports.
Control (v.):
To order, limit, or rule something, or someone's
actions or behaviour.
EX: Firefighters took two hours to control the fire.

Skeleton (n.)
The frame of bones supporting a human's or an
animal's body.
Ex: He was so thin that you could see his skeleton
through his skin.

Muscles (vn.)
One of many tissues in the body that can tighten
and relax to produce movement.
Ex: Swimming develops our muscles.

Attach (v.):
To fasten, join, or connect something.
EX: Use this cable to attach the printer to the
computer.

Lift (v.) 57
To take hold of and raise something in order to
remove, carry or move it to a different position.
Ex: He lifted the box carefully down from
Chew (v.):
To crush food into smaller, softer pieces with
the teeth so that it can be swallowed.
EX: This meat is difficult to chew.

Jaw (n.)
The lower part of your face that moves when
you open your mouth.
Ex: Sharks have big jaws.

Organ (n.)
A part of the body of a person, animal, or plant
that performs a special job.
Ex: Our bodies consist of systems and each
system consists of organs.

Rib (n.):
A bone that curves round from your back
to your chest.
EX: My son broke a rib when he fell off a ladder.

Kick (v.)
To hit someone or something with the foot, or to
move the feet and legs.
Ex: I kicked the ball as hard as I could.

58

Brain (n.)
The organ inside the head that controls thoughts,
 Activity Time
Choose the correct answer:

1-We (are – is – am) going to learn about the body.

2-Your heart (beats – beat – beating) about 70 times a minute.

3-Your (brain – heart – knee) moves blood around your body.

4-Our (brain – heart – knee) controls everything that happens in our body.

5-Our (blood – skeleton – brain) helps us move and makes us strong.

59
6-Bones are (liquid – soft – hard).

7-We need (juice – muscles – gas) to move our bones.

8-I (am – are – is) going to wear pads to protect my knees.

9-She is (go – going – goes) to climb the rock.

10-Our (elbows – knees – skull) is in our arms.

11-We need muscles to (kick – drink – move) our bones.

12-Muscles in our (face – arms – eyes) and elbows move when you play

tennis.

13-We use our teeth to (chew – wash – watch) food.

Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

bone - unhealthy – muscles - brain – rib – lift – attaches -

skeleton – jaws – beat – body – kick - control

1-It’s -------------------- to skip breakfast.

2-A healthy mind is in a healthy -----------------.

3-Her heart started to ----------------- faster.

4-A good dog deserves a good -------------------.

5-Regular exercise will help strengthen your -----------------.

6-The human ------------------- is a soft organ.

7-The kids like to ----------------- the ball into the goal.

60
8-Tamer broke a ----------------- when he fell off his motorcycle.

9-Come and help me -------------- this box.

10-The elbow -------------- the arm in order to bend.

11-The ---------------- helps us to move and makes us strong.

12-The lion opened its --------------- and roared.

13-She lost ---------------- of her car on the ice.

Write a sentence under each picture:

1- -------------------- 2- --------------------
--------------------. -----------------------.

3- --------------------- 4-----------------------
-----------------------. ----------------------.

61
5- -----------------------------------------------.

Unit 2

Body
Matters
Part 3 62
 Look and Read:

Our skin is the largest organ in our body, and it’s very important. It
protects us from sun, as well as from dirt and germs. It keeps you
cool in hot weather, and warm in cold weather! We need to look
after our skin to keep it healthy. Our skin has got lots of layers –
look:
1-Top layer: This is strong. Water can’t get through it!
2-Middle layer: We can feel hot and cold things here. This has got
blood vessels.
3-Bottom layer: This attaches your skin to your bones and
muscles.
The sun can damage our skin. We can get sunburn. It’s important
to wear sunscreen to protect our skin. Do you wear sunscreen?

63
Skin (n.):
The natural outer layer that covers a person, anim
al, fruit.
EX: Babies have soft skins.

Dirt (n.)
Dust, soil, or any substance that makes a surface
not clean.
Ex: His coat was covered with dirt.

Germ (n.)
A very small organism that causes disease.
Ex: Rats and flies spread germs.

Layer (n.):
A thin sheet of a substance on top of a surface.
EX: We put on two layers of paint.

Top (n.)
The highest place or part.
Ex: She waited for me at the top of the stairs.

Bottom (n.)
The lowest part of something.
Ex: Extra information will be found at the bottom
of the page.

Blood vessels (n.):

Any of the tubes through which blood flows in
the body.
64
EX: Arteries and veins are the major blood vessels
that connect to the heart.
 Sunscreen (n.):
A substance that you put on your skin to prevent it
from being damaged by the sun.
EX: Use a sunscreen to protect your skin against
the sun's harmful rays.

Attach (v.)
To fasten, join, or connect something.
Ex: Did you remember to attach a label to
the present?

Middle (n.)
The central point, position, or part.
Ex: This is my class photo - I'm the one in
the middle.

Activity Time

Choose the correct answer:

1-Our skeleton is the bones that keep us (strong – weak – sad).

65
2-Our bones help us (think – fly – move).

3-Muscle is attached (in – on – to) bones.

4-We move the jaw bone up and down to (play – chew – drink) food.

5-Bones (eat – drink – protect) our soft organs.

6-The brain is a soft (jaw – organ – bone).

7-The skull protects the (legs – heart – brain).

8-The ribs protect the (eyes – knees – heart).

9-Our (brain – skin – heart) keeps us cool in hot weather.

10-Our skin keeps us (cool – happy – warm) in cold weather.

11-Our skin protects us (in – on – from) dirt and germs.

12-We need to look (up – at – after) our skin to keep it healthy.

13- Our skin has got lots of (layers – organs – lungs).

Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

sunburn - food – eight - hard – blood – going – muscles - skin –

wear – strong – energy – mouths - Bottom

1- ----------------- layer attaches your skin to your bones and muscles.

2-It’s important to --------------------- sunscreen to protect our skin.

3-We have got ------------------- vessels in the middle layer.

4-We can get --------------------- from the sun.

66
5-We get energy from the --------------------- we eat.

6-We chew food in our -----------------------.

7-Children should have -------------------- hours of sleep a night.

8- Our bones are --------------------.

9-They are ---------------- to fly their kites.

10-We need ----------------- to move our bones.

11-Our ----------------- is the largest organ in our body.

12-The top layer of our skin is -----------------------.

13-We get ----------------- and nutrients from the food.

Read the sentences and complete with words from the Word Bank:

Skull Knee Heart Muscles Skeleton

Elbow Bone Brain Rib Skin

1- The natural outer layer that covers a person, animal, fruit. -------------------.
2- The organ inside the head that controls thought, memory, feelings and
activity.
---------------------.
67
3- A bone that curves round from your back to your chest. -----------------.
4- The bones of the head that surround the brain and give the head its
shape.
---------------------.
5- The middle joint of the leg that allows the leg to bend. -----------------.
6- The organ in your chest that sends the blood around your body.
---------------.
7- The part in the middle of the arm where it bends. ------------------.
8- One of many tissues in the body that can tighten and relax to produce
movement. ------------------.
9- The frame of bones supporting a human or animal body. -------------------.
10- Any of the hard parts inside a human or animal that make up its frame.
---------------------------.

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)
Tamer: ----------------------------------------?
Samar: Miss Mona teaches me science this year.
Tamer: Why -------- we need muscles?
Samar: To move our -------------.
Tamer: Do muscles move when we do sports?
Samar: ---------------------------------------.

(2)
Akram: What is the largest ----------- in our body?
Seif: It is our ----------------.
Akram: How many --------------- has our skin got?
Seif: Our skin has got --------------------.

68
69
Unit 3

What’s on Your Plate ?

Part 1

70
 Look and Read:

I always have fruit at

breakfast an apple or a
Yes, I do, but what are
banana. There are lots
vitamins? Why do we
of vitamins in fruit,
need them?
and there is fiber, too!
Do you like fruit, Hany?

Vitamins are nutrients in

some food. They’re good
for all parts of your body,
That’s good, because fruit
and they make you
is delicious.
strong! Mom says we
should eat lots of fruit to
get the vitamins we need.

Vitamins (n.)
Natural substances that are necessary for growth 71
and good health of the body.
EX: Oranges are a good source of vitamin C.
Delicious (adj.)
Having a very pleasant taste or smell.
EX: My mother always makes a delicious lunch.

72
 It’s important to get a balance of
the right kinds of food. Our bodies
need lots of different nutrients,
including vitamins and minerals,
to work well and be healthy.

1-Vegetables 2-Carbohydrates

3-Proteins 4-Dairy

5-fats

73
 Vegetables
We should try to eat 5-7
pieces of fruit and
vegetables a day. There
are lots of vitamins in
fruit, such as Vitamin C.
There is also fiber. Fiber
is very important in a
healthy diet.

Proteins
We need protein to help
us grow and to make
our bodies strong.
There’s protein in meat,
fish and eggs.

Dairy
There is protein in dairy
foods such as milk and
cheese too. Dairy foods
also give us vitamins
and a mineral called
calcium. Calcium is
good for our bones,
teeth and muscles.

Carbohydrates 74
Give us energy. We can
get these in bread,
 Vegetables (n.)
A plant, root ,seed, or pod that is used as food ,
especially in dishes that are not sweet.
EX: Vegetables contain lots of nutrients .

Carbohydrates (n.)
A substance in food that provides the body with
energy and heat.
Ex: Carbohydrates are the main power supply for
the body.

Proteins (n.)
A substance found in food that is necessary for
the body to grow and to be strong.
Ex: Meat and eggs have a lot of protein.

Dairy (n.)
A product containing or made from milk.
EX: Children should consume two or three
servings of dairy products every day.

Fats (n.)
A substance contained in food such as oil and
butter which forms an energy store in your
body.
Ex: We should eat food with low fats.

75
Include (v.)
.To contain something as a part of something
else , or to make something part of something
else.
.Ex: Tom's lunch includes a sandwich and an
apple.
Balance (n.)
A state where things are equal of weight or force.
Ex: James is getting a balance of fruits and
vegetables.

Minerals (n.)
Substances that your body need to stay healthy.
Ex: Minerals are important for your body to stay
healthy.

76
 To ask for a suggestion / a piece of advice.

Affirmative form: “Should” comes first in the verb phrase (after the
subject and before another verb).

Subject + should + base form of the

verb.
Ex: You should eat more vegetables.
Negative form: The negative form of should is shouldn’t. We don’t use
don’t, doesn’t, didn’t with should.

Subject + should + not + base form of the

verb.
Ex: You shouldn’t watch too much T.V.
Question form: The subject should change its position to form questions.

Should + subject + base form of the verb +

----?
Ex: Should I go to the party?

Remember that
77
The subject tells who or what the sentence is
about.
 Look and Read:

Younis is an athlete. He wants to have a healthy diet. He lives

in a hot country and he does a lot of exercise. He’s going to do a race
tomorrow, so he needs a lot of energy.

1 Y o u n is s h o u ld e a t h e a lth y fo o d
e v e ry d a y .

2 Y o u n is s h o u ld n 't e a t s w e e ts .

Y o u n is s h o u ld n 't e a t o r d rin k a lo t
3 o f s u g a r.

78
 Listen and Read:

All living things need water. Animals and humans drink water. Plants get it
from the soil in their roots.

We all know water is good for us, but do you know how important it is for
our health? Our blood is about 82% water. Blood carries oxygen and
nutrients around the body. We eat food, and it breaks down into nutrients in
our stomach .Water helps with this, and it also helps carry the nutrients
around the body in our blood vessels.

Our brains are made up of about 75% water. If you drink enough water,
your brain works better. If you don’t drink enough water, you get
dehydrated. You feel tired and you don’t have a lot of energy. You can get a
headache or find it difficult to think. When you are hydrated, it means you
are getting enough water. It’s good for your joints, your bones and your
body temperature.

Water also helps your body to get rid of toxins f rom your body, and helps the
other organs in your body to work well.

Children should drink about 1.5 liters of water every day. Most of this should
be pure water, but we can also get water from other drinks such as milk,
tea and fruit juices, fruits and vegetables. We should drink more water in
hot weather, because we lose water when we sweat.

79
Dehydrated (adj.):
.Not having the normal amount of water in your
body so that you feel ill or weak.
.Ex: You should drink a lot of water to avoid
getting dehydrated.

Headache (n.):
A pain you feel inside your head.
Ex: Tom couldn't sleep because he had a bad
headache.

Hydrated (adj.):
Having absorbed enough water or other liquid.
Ex: Be sure to stay hydrated during the day.

Joints (n.):
.A place in your body where two bones are
connected.
.Ex: The knee is the body's largest joint.

Temperature (n.):
The measured amount of heat in a place or in
the body.
Ex: The nurse took his temperature with the
thermometer.

Toxins (n.):
A poisonous substance, especially one that is
produced by bacteria in plants and animals.
Ex: People should drink a lot of water to get rid
of all the toxins in their body.

80
Sweat (n.):
.The water that comes out of our bodies through
the skin and it contains salt.
.Ex: Mosquitoes can smell human sweat.

Break down (ph.v.):

To separate or to divide something into smaller
parts.
Ex: The students break down the glass tube into
two parts every time they attend the science
lab.

Root (n.):
The part of a plant that grows under the ground.
Ex: The tree's roots extend deep into the earth.

81
 Activity Time

Answer the following questions:

1-How much water should children drink daily?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2-Why is it necessary to drink enough water daily?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3- When should we drink more than enough water? Why?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Get from the passage:
1-The synonym of “transfer”: -------------------.
2-The antonym of “relaxed”: -----------------.
3- A word that means “a hard pain in the head”: ---------------------------------.
Choose the correct answer:
1-Water helps your body to --------------------------.
a-get all the toxins .
b-get rid of all the toxins.
c-feel tired .
2-We eat food and it ------------------------.
a-helps the other organs in your body to work well.
b-breaks down into nutrients in our stomach.
c-is difficult to think.

82
 Activity Time
Underline the correct answer:
1-Vitamin C is good (to - in- for) our bodies.
2-We must eat food that contains (spread - nutrients- eat) that make our
bodies healthy.
3-Stewart looks very sick. He (isn’t – should - shouldn’t) see a doctor.
4- (Calcium – toxins - nutrients) is good for our bones.
5-Watermelon tastes (delicious – hydrated - dehydrated) on hot days.
6-(Shouldn’t – Am - Should) I buy the blue dress or the red dress?
7-Pasta, rice and cereal are (protein – carbohydrates - dairy food).
8-Vitamins and minerals are important (sweat – temperature - nutrients)
that our body needs to stay healthy.
9- You (are - shouldn’t - should) cross the street until the light is green.
10-There’s protein in meat, fish and (butter – oil - eggs).
11-It is important to keep the right (minerals – vitamins - balance) by eating
all the right kinds of food.
12-(Ferry – Cherry - Dairy) products are great sources of calcium which is
good for our bones, teeth and muscles.
13-We should stay at home. We shouldn’t (going – go - goes) out.
14-(Fiber – Sugar - toxins) is very important for a healthy diet.

83
 Activity Time
Match the word and the picture:

1-Vegetables

2-Sweat

3-Temperature

4-Joints

5-Fats

6-Plate

7-Protein

8-Carbohydrates

9-Dehydrated

10-Toxins

11-Hydrated

12-Headache

13-Dairy

14-Balance

Rearrange the words to form meaningful sentences:

1-Hany –Do -, - like – you - ? - fruit
---------------------------------------------------------------
2-are – Vitamins – food – nutrients – some - in.

84
---------------------------------------------------------------
3-should – lot – eat – of – fruit - We.
---------------------------------------------------------------
4-much - How - hydrated - water - we - be - drink - should- ?- to
---------------------------------------------------------------
5-body – raise – Doing – temperature – exercise – will- your.
---------------------------------------------------------------
What is the right kind of this food?

2-Pasta
1-Cheese
Bread
Milk
Potatoes
Yoghurt

3-Pepper 4-Meat
Onion Chicken
Lettuce Fish

85
 Fill in the blanks using the words in the box:

toxins – headache – hydrated – vegetables – sweats -

dehydrate – fats – joints - carbohydrates – temperature –
nutrients - minerals
1-After you run, drink plenty of water to stay well ---------------.
2- Your body will quickly be ------------------ if you are in the desert and you
do not have any water with you.
3- ---------------- can damage and affect every part of the body.
4- ---------------- are the main source of energy .They provide us with the
fuel that our bodies need to survive.
5- ----------------- are very important in small amounts because they help our
body to absorb some important vitamins and minerals.
6- We should eat all kinds of food to get all the important vitamins and
--------- that our body needs to complete everyday activities.
7-If you have a ---------------, you have a terrible pain in your head.
8-John feels hot so he loses a lot of water when he ---------------.
9------------------ are points where two bones connect for the purpose of
moving body parts.
10-Children should eat ---------------- so that they will grow up to be big and
strong.

11- The thermometer is an instrument for measuring -------------------.

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)

Mr. Robert: ----------------------------------------.

86
James: Good morning, Mr. Robert.
Mr. Robert: Where is your book James?

James: ---------------------------------------------.
Mr. Robert: You shouldn’t leave your book at home next time.
James: --------------------------------------------------?
Mr. Robert: Yes, you should bring it every day.
(2)

Tom: ------------------------------------------------------?
Mary: Yes, I usually have breakfast in the morning.
Tom: What do you eat for breakfast?
Mary: ------------------------------------------------------.
Tom: What kind of food is it?
Mary: -------------------------------------------------------.
Tom: Why is it important to eat this kind of food?
Mary: --------------------------------------------------------.

Unit 3

87
 is a sound that comes at the end of an English word. Words that end
with “tion” are always nouns. The “tion” is pronounced with “shun” sound.

Digestion

Nutrition

Fiction

Pollution
Fire
station

88
Nutrition (n.)
The process by which the body takes in and uses
food especially food that it needs to stay healthy.
EX: Nutrition and diet are important to fitness and
health.

Digestion (n.)
The process by which the body digests food, or
your ability to digest food.
Ex: Digestion is the breaking down of food into
smaller parts that the body can use as energy.

Fiction (n.)
A type of a book or a story that is written about
imaginary characters, events and it is not based
on real people and facts.
Ex: I like to read fiction stories because they are
from the author's imagination.

Pollution (n.)
A damage caused to water, land and air by
harmful subsatances or waste.
EX: Oceans and rivers face many forms of
pollution, including oil and plastic waste.

Fire station (n.)

A building where fire engines are kept and
where firefighters work and stay in the hours
they are working.
Ex: Fire station is a place where equipment
used to stop fire is kept.

89
 Listen and
Read:

It is important to eat the right food, but it’s also important to look after food
to keep it fresh and safe. We need to preserve and store food, if we don’t
store food properly, it can go bad, and this makes us sick. Now, we can use
fridges and freezers to store food. These need electricity to work. How can
we preserve food if we don’t have electricity? And how did people preserve
food in the past?

1-Fire: People used fire to make smoked meat and fish. We used this a long
time ago, and we still use it now.

2-Salt: We can add salt to food to preserve it. It takes out the water. People
use this all over the world for meat and fish.

3-Drying: We can dry fruit in the sun. Dried apples, figs, grapes, bananas
and mangoes are all delicious. When we dry fruit, it takes out the water and
keeps the nutrients. The fruit is sweet and delicious, and it’s healthy
because we don’t add sugar.

4-Containers: There are different ways of storing food in containers:

Zeer pots: Thousands of years ago, people invented zeer pots to keep food
fresh. The food is inside one ceramic pot. This pot is put inside a bigger
ceramic pot. You put sand between the two pots, then put water in the
sand. The water takes the heat away and the food stays cool.

Cans and jars: People also use cans and jars to preserve food. You put the
food in a liquid with salt, and close the can. No air gets into the jar or can,
and the food lasts for years.

90
Preserve (v.)
To keep something as it is, especially in order to
prevent it from decaying or being damaged or
destroyed.
EX: We have to smoke our meat to preserve it.

Store (v.)
To put or keep things in a special place to use in
the future.
Ex: It is important to store food in a cool place.

Electricity (n.)
A form of energy that can be produced in several
ways and that provides power to devices that
create light and heat.
Ex: Underground cables carry electricity to all
parts of the city.

Fridges (n.)
A piece of kitchen equipment that uses
elecricity to preserve food at a cold
temperature.
EX:Don't forget to put the milk back in the
fridge.

Freezers (n.)
A container, operated by electricity, that
stores food at a very cold temperature so
that it becomes solid and can be kept safely
for a long time.
Ex: Jack puts the ice-cream in the freezer.

91
 Fire (n.)
The state of burning that produces flames that
send out heat and light, and might produce
smoke.
EX: We put up our tents and made a small fire.

Smoked (adj.)
One of the oldest cooking techniques that
people use to preserve food or add flavor to
meat and fish.
Ex: Peter's favourite meal is smoked fish and
rice.

Salt (n.)
A common white substance found in sea water
and in the ground , used especially to add flavour
to food or to preserve it.
EX: Don't forget to add salt to the potatoes.

Drying (n.)
Used to describe something that has no water or
other liquid in, on, or around it.
Ex: Drying is the removal of a liquid, usually
water, from any solid or liquid substance.

Containers (n.)
A hollow object, such as a box or a bottle, that
can be used for holding something, especially to
carry or store it.
Ex: My mom always uses the glass containers to
store food.

92
Zeer pots (n.)
It is a device that keeps food fresh and cool for
a long time without putting the food in a fridge.
EX: People keep their food in zeer pots to keep
the food fresh and healthy.

Cans (n.)
A closed metal container, especially cylinder
shaped, in which some types of drink and food
are sold.
Ex: You will need three cans of tomato sauce for
the recipe.

Jars (n.)
A glass or clay container with a wide opening at the
top and sometimes a fitted lid, usually used for
storing food.
EX:Would you put the jar back into the cupboard?

93
 Activity Time
Answer the following questions:
1-Why do we need to preserve and store food?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2-How do people store food in the zeer pots?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3- How did people preserve food in the past?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Get from the passage:
1-The synonym of “store”: -------------------.
2-The antonym of “sour”: -----------------.
3- The synonym of “create”: ----------------.
4- A word that means “a fruit in which all of the water is removed from it so
that it will last for a long time”: ---------------------------------.
Write (T) or (F) in the following sentences, then write the correct answer:
1-Fridges and freezers need food to work. ( ) ------------------- .
2-We dry fruit in the fridge. ( ) -------------------.
3-Salt can take out the water. ( ) ------------------ .
4-Dried fruit isn’t healthy because we don’t add sugar. ( )
---------------------.
5-People use the fire to preserve food. ( ) -------------------- .

Listen and
read: 94

What is your favorite snack?

Favorite (n.)
A person or thing that is best liked or most
enjoyed.
EX: This gold ring is my favorite accessory.

Damage (v.)
To harm or spoil something.
Ex: Pollution will damage our earth.

Dentist (n.)
A person who is qualified to treat diseases and
other conditions that affect our teeth.
Ex: You should visit your dentist at least twice a
year.

Arteries (n.)
One of the thick tubes that carry blood from
the heart to the other parts of the body.
EX:The arteries are the blood vessels that
deliver the blood from the heart to the tissues
of the body.

Brain (n.)
The organ inside the head that controls
thought, memory, feelings, and activity.
Ex: We have to eat healthy food to improve
our brain's memory.

95
 Confused (adj.)
Unable to think clearly or to understand
something.
EX:The confused driver couldn't find his way
around the city without a map or GPS.

Worried (adj.)
Unhappy because you are thinking about
problems or unpleasant things that might
happen.
Ex: My mother was worried when my brother
didn't answer the phone.

Anxious (adj.)
Worried and nervous.
Ex:She is anxious about the result of her English
exam.

96
 Activity Time
Choose the correct answer:
1-Tom was very ----------------. a- electricity
so he couldn’t answer all the questions properly.
2-We use ------------------- to light our houses. b-jar
3-The heart pumps the blood in the -------------.
4-My aunt got a ----------- of jam from the c- arteries
supermarket.
5-We keep frozen food in a -----------------. d-salt
6-It is important to keep food in a ------------- to
stay fresh and healthy.
e-freezer
7-The soup needs just a touch of ------------.
8-We must rescue our environment from all
f- dentist
kinds of ----------------.
g- digestion
9- The ------------- is the person who examines and
treats people’s teeth.
h-pollution
10-Cookies can be stored in a -------------- for several
days.
i- container
11- ------------- is the process of breaking down food
into small substances that the body can absorb and use.j- fridge

k- confused

97
Supply the missing letters:

N-triti-n Fi- -ion

P - llut - - n dig – st – on

Read and match :

1-What’s your favourite snack? a-it takes out the water.

2-Eating too much sugar b-our brain.

3-Sugar can affect c-can damage our teeth.

4-When we dry fruit, d-Candy

98
Fill in the blanks using the words in the box to have a complete
story:

dentist – cans - smoked - delicious - zeer pots - dry – salt -

jars-sugar – damage.

Every day, my mother uses the fire to make --------- meat and
fish. She likes to add ------------- to them. She can ------------- fruit
in the sun to take out the water and keep the nutrients.
Sometimes, she stores food in ------------- by putting sand
between two pots, then puts water in the sand. The water
takes the heat away and the food stays cool. Sometimes, she
stores food in --------- and --------. She makes sure not to let any
air gets into them. My mother’s food is ------------. I really like to
eat it every day. I like to eat a lot of cookies and candies too,
but they have a lot of ---------- in them. Sugar can ----------- my
teeth and this will let me go to the --------.

99
 Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:
(1)
Edward: ---------------------------------------------?

Paul: Yes, it is important to eat the right food.

Paul: It’s also important to look after food to keep it fresh.

Edward: How can we keep the food fresh and safe?

Paul: -------------------------------------------------.

(2)

Liam: -------------------------------------------------?
Oliver: My favourite snack is chocolate brownie.
Liam: You shouldn’t eat a lot of snacks.
Oliver: ------------------------------------------------?
Liam: Because it contains a lot of sugar.
Oliver: Why is eating a lot of sugar bad for us?
Liam: ---------------------------------------------------.

100
Unit 3

What’s on Your Plate ?

Part 3
101
Listen and
read:

We can look at food packaging to find out

what is in our food. This helps us to decide
if it’s healthy or unhealthy. For example, if
we see that there are lots of calories and
not a lot of vitamins, we can decide and
make a different choice. Here are some
words that you will find on a food package:
(serving – calories – sodium – enough –
too much – percent )

102
Food packaging (n.)
It is packaging for food that protects it and it
shows the product that is labeled to show any
nutrition information on the food being
consumed.
EX: Food packaging is the package that is used to
protect food from damage and it has a label to
show the nutrition facts of food.

Calories (n.)
A unit of energy, often used as a measurement of
the amount of energy that food provides.
Ex: There are about 50 calories in an apple.

Serving (n.)
An amount of one type of food that is given to
one person that a person eats at one time.
Ex:The chef prepared a meal for more than 50
servings.

Sodium (n.)
A soft, silver- white chemical element that is
found in salt.
EX: Our bodies need sodium, but too much salt
can cause problems.

Enough (adv.)
The amount or the degree needed.
Ex: Did you eat enough food to get in all of your
necessary nutrients?

103
Too much (determiner.)
A large amount or to a large degree.
EX: Tom eats too much fast food.

Percent (adv.)
For or out of every 100, shown by the symbol %.
Ex: You got 20 percent of your answers right.

Grams (n.)
It is a unit of mass equals to 0.001 kilograms.
Ex: You will need 175 grams of sugar and flour to
make this cake.

104
Look and
read:

Cake Cereal bar

Energy : 128 grams Energy : 143 calories
Fat : 3 grams Fat : 6 grams
Sugar : 8 grams Sugar : 11 grams
Salt : 0.2 grams Salt : 0.1 grams

Chocolate brownie Dried fruit bar

Energy : 310 calories Energy : 68 calories
Fat : 21 grams Fat : 1.2 grams
Sugar : 23 grams Sugar : 7 grams
Salt : 0.2 grams Salt : 0.1 grams

105
 There is sugar in
fruit, so it tastes
sweet. Natural sugar
in fruit is better for
you than sugar in
cakes and candies.

I like dried fruit

bars. They have
fewer calories.

106
 Cake (n.)
A sweet food made with a mixture of flour, eggs,
fat and sugar.
EX: Adam blows out the candles on his birthday
cake.

Cereal bar (n.)

A bar similar in shape to a chocolate bar made of
cereal and fruit.
Ex: Every day, I have a cereal bar for my
breakfast.

Chocolate brownie (n.)

A small square of rich chocolate cake, typically
containing nuts.
Ex: Chocolate brownie is my favourite dessert.

Dried fruit bar (n.)

A bar that has a mixture of fruit and nuts which
is eaten as a snack food.
EX: Mary eats a dried fruit bar which provides
her with certain amount of sugar.

Fewer (determiner)
Some or a small number of something.
Ex: Fewer people write with their left hand than
with their right hand.

107
Vitamin C (n.)
An impotant nutrient found mainly in fruits
and vegetables.
Ex: Oranges are a good source of vitamin C.

Snack (n.)
A small amount of food that is eaten between
meals, or a very small meal.
Ex: It is healthier to eat fruit as a snack rather
than chocolate.

108
 Activity Time
Find the suitable word in each sentence:
1- It is a unit used to measure the energy value of food. People who are on a
diet try to eat food that does not contain many of it. ( ---------------------------)

2-An expression that is used to talk about a large amount. ( -------------------- )

3-The right amount. ( ------------------------)

4-It is a silver – white element. It is used when preparing or flavoring food. It

is mixed with salt. Having too much of it may be bad for your health.
(---------------)

5-It is a bar made of fruit from which the majority of its water is removed
through sun drying. (-------------------------)

6-It is the amount of food that is given to one person at a meal.

( -----------------)

7- It is a unit of weight. (----------------------)

8-People can look at it to find out what is in their food. (------------------------)

9-We can get a lot of this vitamin in fruit. (----------------------)

10-It is a light quick meal eaten between or in place of main meals.

(---------------)

There is sugar in
fruit, so it tastes
sweet. Natural sugar
in fruit is better for
you than sugar in
cakes and candies.
Rearrange the following words to make correct sentences:

109
1- fruit – dried – I – bar – like .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2-calories - Chocolate brownie – has – highest - the.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3-a variety – minerals – and – vitamins – body – Your – needs – food - of-
from.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4-cakes - candies – and - Natural sugar - better - is – than – sugar-in.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5-snack – choose – should – We – healthy -a
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6-measure – energy – calories – in - We.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Complete the following words:

S-------------------- S-------------------- F---------------------

110
Complete the following sentences according to the guiding words:

1- My mom advised me to eat --------------------- food.

(antonym of unhealthy)

2-How many ----------------- are in 100 grams of butter?

(plural of calory)

3-Tom and Mary have ---------------- opinions.

(antonym of similar)

4-A bowl of rice is about 180 -------------------.

(a unit of mass)

5-There is too------------------ noise in the class.

(antonym of a little)

6-My brother buys this jacket at 50 --------------- discount.

(synonym of the symbol %)

7- -----------------is commonly known as salt.

(synonym of a silver –white chemical element)

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)
Olivia: We should look at the food packaging before buying food.

111
Sophia: Why should we look at the food packaging?
Olivia: -----------------------------------------------------------------.
Sophia: What are the words that we will find on a food package?
Olivia: -----------------------------------------------------------------.
Sophia: Does this help our bodies to stay healthy?
Olivia: -----------------------------------------------------------------.

(2)
Jack: Should I eat sweets and candies for breakfast, mom?
Mom: ----------------------------------------------------------.
Jack: -----------------------------------------------------------?
Mom: You should eat eggs and drink milk.

112
Unit 4

In the wild

Part 1
The wildlife park

113
 It is a large park where wild animals are kept and
can move freely.
-Let’s look on the wildlife park webcam.
A webcam is a video camera that is connected to a computer.

What animals can we see in the Wildlife Park?

Chimpanzee: It is an African animal that looks like

a large monkey with no tail.

Sloth: An animal that moves slowly and lives in

trees.

Fennec fox: A type of fox that has pale fur and

large ears. It lives in dry areas in
North Africa and Arabia.

114
 Sea lion: a large seal (= sea animal), that has
large ears and can move on land.

Cobra: a poisonous snake from Africa and southern

Asia that makes itself look bigger and
more threatening by spreading the skin at
the back of its head.

Macaw: a brightly coloured bird of the parrot family

found in Central and South America.

Spider monkey: a small, thin South American

monkey that uses its long tail to
help it moving around the branches
of trees.

Cheetah: a wild animal of the cat family, with

yellowish brown fur and black spots,
that can run faster than any
other animal.

115
 Learn Sounds (Phonics)

nd
Grassland: A large area of land Wetland: A large area covered
with swamp.
covered with grass.

116
 nt
Hunt: To chase, try to catch, or kill Tent: A shelter made of canvas
an animal or a bird for food. or a similar material and
supported by poles and ropes
that you can fold up and carry
with you.

mp
Swamp: It is an area of very wet Camp: An outdoor area where
and soft land. tents are set up to live in or sleep
in for a time.

Activity Time
Guess what I am:
1- I am a poisonous snake and I live in Africa and south Asia.
I am a --------------------------.

2- I am a type of fox. I have large ears.

I am a ---------------------------.

3- I am a wild animal of the cat family, with yellowish brown fur.

I am a --------------------------.

4- I am a brightly coloured bird of the parrot family.

117
 I am a ------------------------.

5- I am a large seal (= sea animal), that has large

ears and can move on land.
I am a -----------------------------.

6- I am an African animal that looks like a large monkey

with no tail.
I am a -----------------------------.
Choose the correct answer:
1- They went through the (tent - swamp – hunt) in rubber boots, looking for
frogs to catch.

2- Everyone was sleeping outside in (hunts – tents – swamps).

3- The town (park - hunt – tent) has a playground, a swimming pool, and a
picnic area.

4- (Cheetahs – Macaws – Sloths) move very slowly.

5- He directs his business mostly from home via e-mail and (hunts –
webcam – tents).

6- "Let's go swimming." "That's a good (idea – hunt – swamp)!"

7- I used to attend a summer (tent - camp – swamp) for five weeks.

8- It is the fastest animal. It is a (cheetah – cobra – sloth).

Rearrange the following sentences:

1- was – happy – friends – I – yesterday - my – with
-------------------------------------------------------.
2- sloth – very – is – The – animal – slow – a

118
----------------------------------------------------------------------.
3- great – It – yesterday – was – park – the – at – wildlife
--------------------------------------------------------------------.
4- use – I – webcam – see – the – friends – my – to
---------------------------------------------------------------------.
5- you – have – Do – information – any – bees- about - ?
----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)

Hana: --------------------------------------?
Jane: Yes, it was a great day at the wildlife park yesterday.
Hana: What did you love seeing?
Jana: ---------------------------------------.

(2)

Beth: ----------------------------------- for breakfast?

Tim: I usually have cereal with milk.
Beth: Are you going to eat cereal and milk today?
Tim: No, today ------------------------------- jam on toast.

119
Unit 4

In the wild
Part 2
120
 Animal behavior
When we visit a wildlife park, we can learn how animals behave by
watching what they do. In wildlife parks, animals live in places which are
close to their natural habitat. But how do animals behave in the wild?
Animals live in habitats where they can get food and water, and live safely.
Animals take shelter so they can stay warm, be safe from other animals,
and protect their families.

Lots of birds build nests Other birds such as owls

live
in trees. They use grass, in holes in trees. They
don’t
sticks and leaves. makes holes. They find them.

Foxes and rabbits dig Crayfish live in rivers.

burrows in the ground. They They hide under rocks in
the
can take shelter there. They day time and come out to
find
dig in earth or sand. food at night.

Lions and cheetahs hunt Penguins gather in a

other animals to eat. large group, called a
colony,
Sometimes it is difficult to keep warm. Thousands
of
to get food. penguins can live
together!

121
Behave (v.)
To do or say things in a particular way.
EX: He behaves in a good way when his parents
are with him.

Close to (adj.)
Having only a small distance (near).
Ex: My house is close to the park.

Natural (adj.)
Produced by nature; not made by humans.
Ex: Egypt has a lot of natural resources.

Habitat (n.)
The natural environment of an animal or a plant.
EX: The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo
forest.

Wild (adj.)
Living or growing in natural conditions; not kept
in a house or on a farm.
Ex: There are wild animals in the jungle.

Shelter (n.)
A place that gives protection against weather or
danger.
Colony (n.)provides great shelter from the hot
Ex: The trees
sun.
A group of animals, insects, or plants of the same
type that live together.
122
EX: Penguins live in colony to keep warm.
Dig (v.)
To make a hole in the ground or to move soil from
one place to another using your hands, a tool or a
machine.
EX: Digging the garden is a good exercise.

Burrow (n.)
A hole or tunnel dug by certain animals for use as
a hiding place or home.
Ex: The chipmunk heard a sharp noise and
disappeared into its burrow.

Crayfish (n.)
A small animal that lives in rivers. It is similar to
a lobster. Its flesh is eaten as food.
Ex: I can see a crayfish in the sea.
Squirrel (n.)
A small animal covered in fur with a long tail.
EX: Squirrels climb trees and feed on nuts and
seeds.

123
Mole (n.)
A small mammal that is almost blind, has dark fur,
and lives in passages that it digs underground.
 Modal verb
(Might)

Affirmative:
124

Subject + might + verb base form (infinitive)

-It means it is possible to do something.

EX: -He might get there in time, but I can't be sure.

-It might be hot tomorrow.

Negative form:

Subject + might not + verb base form

(infinitive)

It means it isn’t possible to do something.

Ex: -She might not visit us tomorrow.

Reading:
A habitat is a place with a particular kind of climate and landscape. There
are different habitats all over the world. They have different animals, plants
and non-living things.

Polar habitat: there is snow and ice, and

everything looks white. There aren’t any trees,
and the plants are small. Animals can take shelter
in burrows.

There are rainforests in warm, tropical parts

125
of the world. Lots of animals here live in the trees
and they eat leaves and fruit. It is hot and wet,
and the trees grow lots of fruit.

A wetland can be wet all the time. Wetlands can be

near the sea or near a river. A swamp is a wetland
where there are lots of trees. The tree roots can
be in water and animals hide in them.

Polar (adj.)
Relating to the North or South Pole or the areas
around them.
EX: Polar bears live in very cold weather.

Rainforest (n.)
A forest in a tropical area that receives a lot
of rain.
Ex: Rainforests are home to a great variety of
plants and animals.

Climate (n.)
The usual weather conditions in a place.
Ex: Antarctica has a cold climate.

Landscape (n.)
Everything you can see when you look across a
126
large area of land, especially in the country.
EX: There is a spectacular view of the landscape
from the top floor of their house.
 Activity Time
Fill in the gaps with the suitable words:

behave – might – habitat – shelter – hole – colony – hide –

gather – climate – roots – chased – might not.

1- He built a ------------------ for his dog at night and in stormy weather.

2- A --------------- of bees lived on the tree.

3- The kids ---------------------- each other around the kitchen table.

4- Mary asked her son to ------------------ himself.

5- I --------------- the money in a drawer.

6- He said he -------------- come tomorrow, so we will wait for him.

7- They couldn’t cut the tree because the --------------- were very strong.

8- An animal may suffer if it is removed from its natural -----------------.

9- We dug a --------------------to plant the tree.

10- The whole family will ------------------ together at Ray's home.

127
11- The ------------------- here is colder than I expected.

12- It ---------------- be a good day for a picnic. It is raining.

Choose the correct answer:

1- (Deserts –Wetlands – Polar) can be near a sea or near a river.

2- There are rainforests in (polar – tropical – desert) parts of the world.

3- Everything looks white in (desert – polar – tropical) habitat.

4- Some animals, like the mole, dig a (habitat – burrow – behave) to live in.

5- With so many areas of woodland being cut down, a lot of wildlife is losing
its natural (polar – tropical – habitat).

6- If you get ready in five minutes, you (might – might not – won’t) be able
to catch the bus.

7- The cat (hid – chased – dug) the mouse, but couldn't catch it.

8- She carefully watched the bird in the (hole – nest – climate).

9- They usually (chase - dig - hide) a small hole in the sand to bury their
eggs.

10- Crayfish lives in (rivers – deserts – burrows).

11- I am tired, I (might – might not – will) go to the party.

12- Birds use (sticks – holes – burrows) to build their nests.

128
Rearrange the following sentences:

1- take – burrows – shelters – Foxes – in

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2- think – eat – I – elephants – meat – don’t
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
3- about - ? – What – animals – you – wild – know – do
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
4- use – grass - nests – Birds – build – to – sticks – and
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
5- trees – in - holes – Owls – in – live
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
6- group – Penguins – colony – gather – a large – called – in
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7- warm – in – to – Penguins – groups – live – keep
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8- and - chase – cheetahs – other – hunt – Lions – animals – and
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9- the - different – there – habitats – world – around - Are - ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10- might – Some – live – in – turtles – wetlands
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

129
Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:
(1)
Ann: -------------------------------------------------------?
Hala: I think blue whales might be the largest animal in the world.
Ann: ------------------------------------------------------?
Hala: I can see them in oceans.
(2)
Amy: Can you help me with my project, please?

Beth: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

Amy: When are you going to give it to your teacher?

Beth: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Amy: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------?

Beth: I am going to start my exams next week. What about you?

Amy: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

Unit 4 130
 In the wild

Part 3
Changes to habitat

Animals and plants live together in balance in different habitats. But what
happens when things change? There are lots of reasons for change.

Deforestation: People cut down forests

131
and rainforest to use the trees or to
make land for farming. This destroys the
habitat of hundreds of animals, birds
and plants.

Building: New buildings for home, offices

and factories can destroy habitats. They
can be good for people, but bad for the
animals that lose their homes.

Pollution: can be on land, in water, or in

air. People leave garbage on the land and
in rivers and seas. We put chemicals in rivers
and seas, and damage the air with machines
and fires.

Volcanoes: When a volcano erupts, ash

falls to the ground and covers it. In the
short term, plants can’t grow. The ash
pollutes the air.

Drought: When there isn’t enough rain,

the ground is dry and plants can’t grow.
animals can’t find water to drink.
132
 Farmers can’t grow food.

Flood: In a flood, there is an overflow of

water to land that is usually dry. This can
happen in heavy rain or a storm. Floods
can
destroy natural habitats as well as people’s
homes.

Fire: can happen in forests or grassland.

Fire can destroy many habitats very
quickly. The smoke pollutes the air.

Balance (n.)
A state in which the correct amount of
importance is given to each thing so that a
situation is successful.
EX: It’s hard to find the right balance between
doing too much exercise and not doing enough.

Deforestation (n.)
The act or process of cutting down the trees of a
forest.
Ex: Deforestation drives out animals and insects
that live in and among the trees.

Destroy (v.)
To damage something so badly that it cannot be
used or does not exist. 133
Ex: The building was completely destroyed by
fire.
 Pollution (n.)
Damage caused to water, air, etc. by dirty or
harmful substances.
EX: The sky over the city is filled with pollution.

Chemicals (n.)
A substance that is used in chemistry or
produced by chemistry.
Ex: Chemicals thrown in rivers cause water
pollution.

Damage (n.)
Harm or injury that makes something less useful
or valuable.
Ex: We paid for the damage we did to our
Machines
neighbor's (n.)
vegetable garden.
A piece of equipment with moving parts that uses
power to do a particular job.
EX: Cars, computers, hair dryers, and vacuum
cleaners are all examples of machines.

Factory (n.)
A building or group of buildings where things are
made or put together.
Ex: This factory produces millions of bottles of
ketchup every year.

Volcano (n.)
A mountain with a large opening at the top
through which gases and lava (= hot liquid rock)
are forced out into the air.
Ex: There aren't any volcanoes in Egypt.

Erupt (v.)
To break or burst out suddenly.
EX: Lava erupts from a volcano.

Ash (n.) 134

The soft, grey powder that remains after
something has burned.
Flood (n.)
A large amount of water that covers an area that
is usually dry.
EX: The flood destroyed thousands of homes.

Overflow (v.)
If a container or a place overflows, the thing that
is inside it starts coming out because it is too full.
Ex: The river overflows each spring.

Smoke (n.)
The grey or black gas that is made when
something burns.
Ex: The fire produced a large mass of smoke.

Disaster (n.)
A very bad situation, especially something that
causes a lot of harm or damage.
EX: The volcanic eruption was a disaster for the
town.

Environment (n.)
The air, land, and water where people, animals,
and plants live.
Ex: The new road may cause damage to the
environment. 135

Build (v.)
 Activity Time

damage – smoke – destroyed – volcano – build – drought –

ash – chemicals – flood – balance – environment –
deforestation.

1- Volcanic -------------------- showered down on the town after the eruption.

2- Try to have a ----------------------- between work and play in your life.
3- The strong wind caused serious ------------- to the roof.
4- We must try to protect the --------------------.
5- Many trees died during the long --------------------.
6- The --------------------- went up the chimney.
7- The best way to prevent ------------------ is to replace the trees that are cut
down with new seeds.
8- The bomb ---------------------three houses.
9- The heavy rains caused the river to -------------------.
10- Tom will ------------------- a wall around his house.
11- Throwing ---------------------- in seas pollute the water.
12- The ------------------- could erupt at any time.

Rearrange the following sentences:

1- together – balance – plants – live – Animals – and – in
---------------------------------------------------------------------.
2- erupts – ground – When – to – ash – a – volcano – falls – the
--------------------------------------------------------------------.
3- or – Fires – forests – can – grassland – happen – in
136
----------------------------------------------------------------------.

Supply the missing parts in the following dialogues:

(1)
Ann: -----------------------------------------------------?
Hany: A long period when there is no rain and people do not have enough
water.
Ann: ---------------------------------------------------?
Hany: Yes, it damages the environment.

(2)
Ali: Where are you going after school?
Omar: -----------------------------------------.
Ali: --------------------------------------------?
Omar: Yes, there is a music concert.
Ali: When does the concert start?
Omar: -----------------------------------------.
Ali: I hope you enjoy your time there.
Omar: -----------------------------------------.

137