IGCSE HISTORY: COLD WAR DETAILED NOTES (1945-1949)
PART 2: THE COLD WAR AND THE GULF, 1945-2000
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SECTION 1: THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT (1948-49)
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BACKGROUND:
After WWII, Germany and its capital Berlin were divided into four zones, each controlled by one of
the Allies: the USA, Britain, France, and the USSR. Berlin, though located deep in the Soviet zone,
was also split among the four powers.
By 1948, tensions had risen significantly between the West and the USSR over how Germany
should be governed. The Western Allies wanted to rebuild Germany economically and politically. In
contrast, the USSR wanted to keep Germany weak and divided, fearing that a strong Germany
could become a threat again.
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