M ULTIPLE C HOICE Q UESTION

15th GROUP ELEMENTS (c) The maximum number of covalent bonds

1. An element with atomic number 51 belongs formed by nitrogen is four, since it has no d-
to group orbitals in its valence shell.
(a) 11 (b) 14 (d) The group 15 elements do not form MS+ ions,
but + 5 oxidation state is realized only through
(c) 15 (d) 16
covalent bonding
2. Nitrogen (N 2 ) is relatively unreactive,
8. Which of the following pentahalides is not
because
formed?
(a) its electronegativity is high (a) NF 5 (b) PF 5
(b) its dissociation energy is large (c) AsF5 (d) BiF5
(c) its atomic radius is small 9. The correct order of thermal stabilities of
(d) it is the first element of group 15. hydrides of group 15 is
3. Phosphorus normally exhibit a covalency of (a) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > BiH3 > SbH3
(a) + 1 and + 2 (b) + 2 and + 3 (b) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3
(c) + 3 and + 4 (d) + 3 and + 5 (c) NH3 < PH3 < SbH3 > AsH3 > BiH3
4. Pick out the incorrect statement. (d) BiH3 > SbH3 > AsH3 > PH3 > NH3
(a) Except nitrogen, all the elements of group 15 10. Arrange the hydrides of group 15 in the
exist in allotropic modification correct order of reducing nature.
(b) Only at high temperatures, greater than 1070 (a) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 < BiH3
K, phosphorus vapours dissociates into P2 (b) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3
molecules (c) PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 < BiH3 < NH3
(c) Red P is obtained by heating white phosphorus (d) PH3> AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3 > NH3
at 540-570 K in the absence of air for several 11. Arrange the hydrides of group 15 in the
hours. order of increasing boiling points.
(d) White P is more reactive, but less soluble in (a) PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 < BiH3 < NH3
CS2 (and other organic solvents) than red P.
(b) PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 < NH3 < BiH3
5. Which of the following hydrides of nitrogen
(c) PH3 < AsH3 < H3 < SbH3 < BiH3
is acidic in nature?
(d) PH3 < PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 < BiH3
(a) NH 3 (b) 3H
12. The basic strength of hydrides of group 15
(c) N 2 H 2 (d) 2H 4 elements vary in the order
6. Among the following species, identity the (a) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3
isostructural pairs.
(b) PH3 > NH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3
NF3, NO–3, BF3, H3O+, HN3
(c) BiH3 > NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
(a) [NF3, NO–3] and [EF3, H3O+]
(d) NH3 > PH3 > SbH3 > AsH3 > BiH3
(b) [NF3, HN3] and [NO–3, BF3]
13. Ammonium compound which on heating
(c) [NF3, H3O+] and [NO–3 , BF3] does not grve NH3 is
(d) [NF3, H3O+] and [HN3, BF3J (a) NH 4 NO 2 (b) (NH 4)CO3
7. Pick out the incorrect statement (c) (NH4)SO4 (d) NH4Cl
(a) Red phosphorus consists of a complex chain 14. Arrange the group 15 hydrides in the
structure and black phosphorus has a layer increasing order of H-M-H bond angle.
structure (a) SbH3< AsH3 < PH3< NH3
(b) Nitrogen shows a little tendency for (b) NH3< PH3 < AsH3< SbH3
catenation, because N-N single bond is very (c) NH3 < SbH3 < AsH3 < PH3
strong
(d) NH3 < PH3 < SbH3 < AsH3
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15. Which of following trihalides of nitrogen (b) NO2 in paramagnetic
behaves as the weakest base? (c) N2O4 has planar structure and all N-O bonds
(a) NF3 (b) NCl3 are equivalent and is also diamagnetic
(c) NBr 3 (d) NI 3 (d) N2O4 ionizes slightly to form O+ and NO–3
ions.
16. Which trihalides is not hydrolysed by water?
23. Pick out the incorrect statement w.r.t. NH3
(a) NF3 (b) NCl3
(a) It contains a lone pair of electrons, which can
(c) PCl3 (d) AsCI3 bonds to a proton to form tetrahedra NH+3
17. Pick out incorrect statement. ions
(a) NF3 molecules has trigonal pyramidal (b) N2 is formed, when NH3 is passed over
structure heated copper (II) oxide
(b) It is practically insoluble in water and is only (c) NH3 bums in air to form N2 and steam
hydrolyzed, when an electric spark is passed (d) In Ostwald process for the manufacture of
through a mixture with water vapour HNO3, NH3 is oxidized in presence of Pt/Rh
(c) Dipole moment of NF3 is more than that of catalyst to give NO and H2O
NH 3 24. Which of the following can be used as drying
(d) Nitrogen (III) oxide (N2O5) is an acidic oxide. agent for ammonia?
(a) CaO (b) Anhydrous CaCl2
18. Derivatives of nitrogen (III) act as
(c) P 2 O 5 (d) Cone. H2SO4
(a) oxidizing agent onJy
25. Large scale manufacture of nitric acid by
(b) reducing agent only Ostwald process utilizes the reaction :
(c) both oxidizing and reducing agent (a) 2 NaNO3 + H2SO4 g Na2SO4 + 2HNO3
(d) nitrating agent (b) 4 NH3 + 5O2 g 4NO + 6H2O
19. Pick out the incorrect statement (c) NO2+ + NO3 + H2O g 2 HNO3
(a) In PCl5, P atom is sp2d-hybridized and has (d) 2 NO + O2 + H2O g HNO3 + HNO2
trigonal bipyramidal geometry. 26. Sodium bismuthate is
(b) PCls on hydrolysis forms ic-acids (a) a powerful reducing agent
(c) PCls acts as Lewis acid (b) used in the estimation of Mn2+ ions
(d) In PCls, the axial chlorine. atoms are closer (c) a non-stoichiometric compound
to central’P’ atom than equatorial chJorine (d) obtained by treating Bi2O3 with cone. NaOH
atoms. 27. Pick out the incorrect statement
20. Arrange the oxides of group 15 elements in (a) N2O is prepared by heating NaNO3 and
decreasing order of their acidity. (NH4)2SO4 mixture
(a) N2O5 > P2O5 > As2O5 > Sb2O5 > Bi2Os (b) N2O is a bent molecule
(b) Bi2O5 > Sb2 > As2O5 > P2O– > 2O5 (c) NO is prepared by the action of 50% nitric
acid on Cu
(c) P2P5 > N2O5 > As2O5 > Sb2O5 > Bi2O5
(d) Acidified solution of KMnO4 oxidizes NO to
(d) N2O5 > Bi2O5 > P2O5 > As2O5 > Sb2O5
HNO 3
21. The bonds presents in 2O5 are 28. An oxide of nitrogen exists is equilibrium
(a) only ionic with its dimer. At low temperature, the oxide
(b) covalent and coordinate exists almost entirely as the pale yellow
(c) only covalent solid. As temperature is increased, the
colour darkens; the dissociation is complete
(d) covalent and ionic
at 1500 C and the colour of gaseous matter
22. Pick out the incorrect stateme.nt becomes black. Further increase in
(a) Nitrogen dioxide has a molecule containing temperature results in a loss of colour. The
an odd number of electron and its structure oxide of nitrogen is
is linear and has N-O bonds of different (a) N2O5 (b) N2O4
lengths (c) NO2 (d) NO

(36)
29. Which of the following elements (M) reacts with 38. Which of the following gives PH 3 on
HNO3 to form MO2 ? treatment with water?
(a) P 4 (b) Mg (a) Ca 3 P 2 (b) Na 3P
(c) Zn (d) Sn (c) AlP (d) All the above
30. When a small amount of HCl is added to an 39. Pick out the incorrect statement
aqueous solution of BiCl3, a white precipitate (a) PH4+ ion is tetrahedral like the NH4+ ion and
is formed. This is due to is obtained when PH3 is bonded to proton
(a) Bi(OH)3 (b) Bi2O3 (b) PH4I is one of the most stable salts containing
the phosphonium ion. It is also more stable
(c) BiOCl (d) none of the above
than ammonium salts
31. Which of the following saJts is used in the
(c) PH4I is decomposed by water to form PH3
bead test for basic radicals?
(d) PH3 converts silver salts in solution to silver
(a) Na(NH4)HPO4· 4 H2O phosphide, which subsequently reacts to give
(b) Na2HPO 4 free metal.
(c) (NH4)2SO4, FeSO4 . 6 H2O 40. Oxyacid of phosphorus that can reduce
(d) (NH3)2HPO4, 4 H2O, AgNO3 to silver is
32. Which of the following is the anhydride of (a) H3PO4 (b) H 4 P 2 O 7
HNO2 ? (c) H3PO3 (d) HPO 3
(a) N 2 O (b) N2O3 41. A monobasic acid of phosphorus, which
reduces HgCl2 to black Hg is
(c) N 2 O 4 (d) NO
(a) hypophosphorus acid
33. White phosphorus when boiled with
(b) phosphoric acid
concentrated solution of KOH produces
(c) metaphosphoric acid
(a) Na 3P (b) Na3PO4
(d) pyrophosphoric acid
(c) PH 3 (d) red phosphorus
42. Iron is rendered passive by treatment with
34. Ammonium dichromate on heating gives concentrated
(a) NO (b) Np (a) H2SO 4 (b) H 3PO 4
(c) N02 (d) N2 (c) HO (d) HNO 3
35. In P 4O6 and P 4O10 the numbers of oxygen 43. Which of the following is incorrect ?
atoms bonded to each phosphorus atoms are (a) When O2 is dissolved in cold water, a mixture
respectively of nitrous and nitric acid is formed.
(a) 3 and 3 (b) 4 and 4 (b) When O2 is dissolved in hot water, the same
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 4 and 3 reaction occurs as that in cold water
36. Pick out the incorrect statement. (c) N2O5 is made by the reaction of P4O10 with
nitric acid vapours.
(a) Orthophosphorus acid can be obtained by
reacting P4O6 with H2O (d) NO2 is very corrosive gas and reacts directly
with a number of metals.
(b) Orthophosphoric acid can be obtained by
reacting P4O10 with H2O 44. Nitrogen (I) oxide i produced by
1) thermal decomposition of ammonium
(c) Pyrophosphoric can be obtained by heating
nitrate
orthophosphorus acid
2) disproportionation of N2O4
(d) Metaphosphoric acid is obtained by the
dehydration of orthophosphoric acid at 316°C. 3) thermal decomposition of ammonium
nitrite
37. Which of the following oxoacids acts as
4) interaction of hydroxylamine and nitrous
reducing agent?
acid
(a) H 3PO 3 (b) H 3PO 4
(a) 1, 2 (b) 2, 3
(c) H 4 P 2 O 6 (d) H 4 P 2 O 7 (c) 1, 3 (d) 1, 4
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45. The two compounds used as refrigerants are 55. Which of the following has minimum H-M-
1) NH 3 2) CCl 4 H bond angle?
3) CF 2 4) CF 2Cl 2 (a) NH3 (b) PH3
(a) 1, 2 (b) 2, 3 (c) AsH3 (d) SbH3
56. FeSO4 gives brown ring with
(c) 1, 3 (d) 1, 4
(a) NO (b) N2O3
46. Which of the following elements of group 15
in a typical metal? (c) NO2 (d) N2O5
(a) P (b) As 57. Nitrogen (1) oxide is prepared by
(a) disproportionation of N2O4
(c) Sb (d) Bi
(b) thermal decomposition of NH4NO2
47. Which of the following elements display
maximum tendency to form p - p multiple (c) thermal decomposition of NH4NO3
bonds with itself and with carbon and (d) the reaction of Cu wit dil. HNO3
oxygen? 58. When copper is heated with dil. HNO2, the
(a) N (b) P oxide of nitrogen formed is
(c) As (d) Bi (a) NO (b) N2O3
48. Which of the following does not form stable (c) Nps (d) N2O
diatomic molecule? 59. Among the following nitrate, the one that
(a) Nitrogen (b) Phosphorus decomposes without leaving any solid
residue is
(c) Hydrogen (d) Oxygen
(a) Pb(NO 3) 2 (b) MH 4NO 3
49. Amongst the compounds, Mg2N2, NH3 and
(c) AgNO 3 (d) NaNO 3
N2O3, nitrogen shows an oxidation state of
3 in 60. Which of the following is an amphoteric
oxide?
(a) N2O3 only
(a) N 2 O 5 (b) P 4 O 6
(b) NH3 only
(c) AS 4O 6 (d) Sb4O6
(c) NH3and N2O3
61. Which of the following is least acidic ?
(d) all the three compounds
(a) P 4 O 6 (b) P 4 O 10
50. The oxidation states shown by phosphorus
(c) As 4O 6 (d) As 40 10
is / are
62. Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) – 3 (b) + 3
(a) PH3 is more basic than ammonia
(c) + 3 and + 5 (d) – 3, + 3 and + 5
(b) PH3 is less basic than ammonia
51. White phosphorus is kept under
(c) PH3 is equally basic as ammonia
(a) cold water (b) ammonia liquor (d) NH3 is amphoteric and PH3 is basic
(c) ethanol (d) kerosene 63. Conc. HNO3 oxidizes phosphorus to
52. Which of the following has lowest B.P. ? (a) HPO 3 (b) HA
(a) SbH3 (b) AsH3 (c) H 3PO 3 (d) H 3PO 4
(c) PH3 (d) NH3 64. Which of the following oxides is / are
53. Which of the following is a strongest base? neutral?
(a) AsH3 (b) NH3 (a) NO (b) N 2 O
(c) PH3 (d) SbH3 (c) N2O3 (d) Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
54. Which of the following has weakest reducing 65. A mixture of ammonia and air at about 1073
nature? K in presence of platinum gauze forms
(a) NH3 (b) PH3 (a) N2O (b) NO
(c) NHPH (d) N 2 O 3
(c) AsH3 (d) SbH3

(38)
66. AgCl dissolves in H 3 solution, due to the 77. The product obtained on heating NH4N03 is
formation of (a) NP (b) NO
(a) AgOH (b) Ag (c) N 2 O 5 (d) N 2 O 3
(c) Agp (d) [Ag(NH3)2]+Cl– 78. In which of the following states, nitric oxide
67. Ostwald’s process for the manufacture of is paramagnetic ?
HNO3 involves the (a) Gaseous
(a) oxidation of N2 to NO (b) Liquid
(b) oxidation of NH3 to NO in presence Pt/Rh (c) Solid
catalyst (d) Diamagnetic in all states.
(c) combination of N2 and O2 79. The hydrolysis of PCl3 produces
(d) combination of H2O and N2O5 (a) H3PO3+ HClO (b) H3PO3 + HCl
68. Nitric acid on standing develops brownish (c) H3PO4 + HCl (d) PH3 + HClO
colour, which may be attributed to the 80. Which of the following properties of white
presence of phosphorus is shown by red phosphorus
(a) NO2 (b) NO2+ ions also?
(c) NO3 ions (d) HNO 2 (a) It is soluble in CS2
69. The passivity of iron results due to the (b) It produces phosphorescence in air
formation of a thin protective layer of (c) It forms PH3 with boiling KOH
(a) iron oxide (b) ferric hydroxide (d) It burns on warming
(c) Fe(NO3) 3 (d) Fe 2O 4 81. Which of the following is wrong?
70. Which of the following contains a coordinate (a) Red phosphorus has a polymeric structure
covalent bond? (b) White phosphorus has higher internal energy
(a) N2H5 (b) BaCl2 than red phosphorus
(c) HO (d) H2O (c) Red phosphorus is more active than white
phosphorus
71. Metaphosphoric acid has the formula
(d) White phosphorus is metastable at all
(a) H3PO4 (b) H3PO3
temperature upto the melting point of red
(c) H3PO2 (d) HPO3 phosphorus
72. Sodium hypophosphite represented as 82. Phosgene is
(a) Na 3 PO 4 (b) Na3P (a) PH3 (b) PCl2
(c) NaH 2PO 2 (d) Na2PO3 (c) COCl2 (d) SCl2
73. Which of the following is a tetrabasic acid? 83. A process of making NH3 is presence of a
(a) Orthophosphoric acid catalyst is called
(b) Hypophosphoric acid (a) synthesis
(c) Metaphosphoric acid (b) gasification
(d) Pyrophosphoric acid (c) destructive distillation
74. Hypophosphorus acid, H3PO2 is (d) catalytic decomposition
(a) a monobasic acid (b) a dibasic acid 84. Which of the following is coloured ?
(c) a tribasic acid (d) not an acidic at all (a) NO (b) N 2 O
75. The acid obtained when P 406 reacts with (c) NO 2 (d) NH 3
water is 85. The NH4 ion is
+

(a) H 3PO 2 (b) H 3PO 3 (a) square planar (b) tetrahedral

(c) H 3PO 4 (d) H 4 P 2 O 7 (c) a Lewis base (d) planar in solution
76. Which is the Lewis base? 86. In nitrogen cycle, the main products are
(a) NO and NO2 (b) NO2 and N2O3
(a) NH 3 (b) NF 3
(c) NO and N2O3 (d) N2O3 and N2O5
(c) NH 4 +
(d) AlCl3
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87. Hydrazoic acid is 98. The Ostwald process is the main method for
(a) H2NOH (b) N3H the manufacture of nitric acid. In the first
step in this process
(c) NH2NH2 (d) C6H5-N = N-OH
(a) nitrogen and hydrogen react to form NH3
88. The strongest acid is
(b) ammonia is burned in O2 to generate N2 and
(a) HNO 2 (b) HNO 3
H2O
(c) H 2N 2O 2 (d) HONS (c) nitrogen and oxygen react to form O2
89. Phosphorus has the oxidation state of + 3 in (d) ammonia is burned with O2 to generate NO
(a) orthophosphoric acid and H2O
(b) hypophosphoric acid 99. Which of the following resembles v rater in
(c) meta phosphoric acid the liquid state, where it is a solvent for many
(d) orthophosphorus acid electrolytes, and even undergoes
autoionization as water does?
90. The formula chloroplatic acid
(a) N 2 (b) Cl2
(a) PtCl4 (b) H2PtCl6
(c) NH3 (d) N 2 O
(c) HPtCls (d) HClO2 100. Phosphoric acid is the most important of the
91. The nature of phosphine is phosphorus oxyacids. Industrially,
(a) acidic (b) basic phosphoric acid is prepared by
(c) neutral (d) amphoteric (a) the Ostwald process
92. Conc. H2SO4 is similar to conc. H3PO4 in that (b) the Haber’s process
(a) both will oxidize I– to I2 (c) the reaction of phosphate rock with sulphuric
acid
(b) if neutralized by alkali, both will forms a
precipitate with BaCl2 solution, which is (d) the reaction of P4O10 with water
soluble in dil, HCl 101. When phosphorus trichloride PCl3(l) reacts
(c) both can be used to dry NH3 gas with water, the products are
(d) both will displace volatile acids from their salts (a) PCls and H3PO4 (b) H3PO3 and Cl2
(c) H3PO4 and HCl (d) H3PO3 and HCl
93. NaOH reacts with white phosphorus to give
102. Which one of the following molecule is not
(a) PH3 (b) P4O10
trigonal pyramidal?
(c) PP6 (d) Na2PO4 (a) NF3 (b) NCl3
94. Which of the following reactions can be used (c) PH3 (d) BF3
to prepare meta phosphoric acid?
103. The number of P = 0 bonds in P4O10 are
(a) P4O6 + H2O 
 (b) H3PO4 600K
 (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) P + HNO3(conc.) (d) P4P10   (c) 4 (d) 5
95. Write the missing product in the following 104. On reaction with water, calcium phosphide
reaction. 4HNO3 + P4O10   ....+ 4HPO3 produces
(a) 2NPs (b) 2N 2O 3 (a) Ca3(PO4)2 (b) H3PO4
(c) 2NO 2 (d) 2N 2O (c) COCl2 (d) PH3
96. The laughing gas is 105. Which one of the following is a covalent
hydride?
(a) N 2 O 5 (b) N 2 O 3
(a) NaH (b) CaH 2
(c) O 2 (d) Np
(c) BrH2 (d) AsH 3
97. Which of the following reactions is an
106. Which of the following elements show
example of nitrogen fixation?
allotropy?
(a) 2N2O   2N2 + O2
1. Carbon 2. Sulphur
(b) NH3+ H2O   H4+ + OH– 3. Phosphorus 4. Hydrogen
(c) N2 + O2  2NO (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 2 and 4
(d) 2NO2 + H2O   HNO2 + HNO3 (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3
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107. Nessler’s reagent used to test the presence 113. Which of the following statements is correct?
of ammonia or NH4+ is (a) The major pollutant acids in acid rain are
(a) K2HgI4 in excess KI nitrous acid and sulphurous acid
(b) K2HgI4 in excess KOH (b) HF is a strong acid
(c) K2HgI4 in excess HCl (c) P 406 and P 4010 are allotropes of phosphorus
(d) HgI2 in excess KOH (d) Phosphoric acid is a weak acid
108. Match list I with list II and select the correct 114. The oxidation number of phosphorus in
answer using the codes given below the lists. Ba(H2PO 2)2 is
List I List II (a) + 3 (b) + 2
(Manufacturing process) (Catalyst used) (c) + 1 (d) -1
(a) Deacon’s process for 1. Finely divided from 115. Which of the following phosphorus is most
chlorine with molybdenum as reactive?
promoter (a) Red ‘P’ (b) White ‘P’
(b) Hydrogenation of 2. Copper (II) chloride (c) Scarlet ‘P’ (d) Violet ‘P’
vegetable oils 116. White ‘P’ is more reactive than N2, because
(c) Ostwald’s process 3. Finely divided nickel
(a) electronegativity of P is low
for nitric acid powder
(b) ionization energy of P is low
(d) Haber’s process for Platinum gauze
(c) P-P bond has lower dissociation energy than
ammonia
that of  N bond
Codes: (a) (b) (c) (d)
(d) all the above
(a) 4 1 3 2
117. In white phosphorus, the arrangement of P
(b) 2 3 1 4 atoms is
(c) 1 4 2 3 (a) linear (b) tetrahedral
(d) 2 3 4 1 (c) square planar (d) none of these
109. When a heated Pt wire is introduced into a 118. Which of the following is an acid?
mixture of NH3 and air
(a) Mg(OHh (b) P(OHh
(a) Pt forms the oxide
(c) Al(OHh (d) Fe(OHh
(b) NO and H2O are formed
119. An example of tetra atomic molecule is
(c) Pt forms oxide and nitride
(a) white P (b) ozone
(d) N2O and H2 are formed
(c) diborane (d) urea
110. The reaction of calcium cyanamide with water
120. The molecular formula an acid of phosphorus
yields
is H3PO2. Its name and basicity are
(a) Ca(OH)2 and N2
(a) phosphorus acid and two
(b) CaC2 and N2H4
(b) hypophosphorus acid and one
(c) Ca(HCO3)2 and NH3
(c) hypophosphoric acid and one
(d) CaCO3 and H4OH
(d) orthophosphoric acid and three
111. Excess of NH 3 combine with sodium
121. Which of the following acid does not contain
hypochlorite solution gives
P in + 5 oxidation state?
(a) NH 4 (b) NH 2 NH 2
(a) Orthophosphoric acid
(b) NaNH 2 (c) NH3NCl3
(b) Pyrophosphoric acid·
112. Which of the following compounds possess
(c) Phosphorus acid
Lewis acid character?
(d) Metaphosphoric acid
1. BF 3 2. SiF4
122. Phosphine gives black precipitate with
3. PF s
(a) NaCl (b) Cl2
(a) 1 alone (b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) AlCl3 (d) CuSO4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3
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123. Smoke screen is produced by using 134. Nitrogen exist as
(a) calcium carbide (a) diatomic molecule
(b) calcium phosphide (b) monoatomic molecule
(c) phosphorus trisulphide (c) triatomic molecule
(d) all of these (d) tetra atomic molecule
124. Number of P = 0 bonds is P4O6 molecule is
135. Which of the following shows large number
(a) 1 (b) 2 of oxidation state
(c) 4 (d) nil (a) N (b) P
125. Which of the following gives N 2 (g) on
(c) As (d) Bi
heating?
136. Which of the following has highest bond
(a) NH 4 NO 2 (b) NH 4 NO 3
dissociation energy?
(c) (NH 4) 2Cr 2O7 (d) Both (a) and (c)
(a) NH3 (b) AsH 3
126. Which of following statements is false?
(c) SbH3 (d) BiH3
(a) Density of white phosphorus is less than that
of red phosphorus 137. Highest hydrogen bonding is possible in
(b) White phosphorus is soluble in CS2, but red (a) BiH3 (b) AsH3
phosphorus is insoluble in CS2 (c) NH 3 (d) SbH3
(c) Both red and white phosphorus evolves PH3 138. Which of the following is more acidic oxide?
on heating with NaOH solution
(a) Bips (b) Sb2O5
(d) White phosphorus show phosphorescence ;
(c) PPs (d) N20 5
while red phosphorus does not show
phosphorescence. 139. Antimony with hot conc. HNO 3 produces
127. Which of the following is fIuoroapatite oxides and behave like
(a) CaF2 3Ca3 (PO4)2 (b) NaF 3Ca3 (PO4)2 (a) metal (b) non-metal
(c) KF3 Ca3 (PO4)2 (d) Ca(OH)23Ca3(PO4)2 (c) metalloid (d) any of the above
128. Which of the following has more atomic size 140. Antimony with hot cone, H2SO4 produced
(a) N (b) As sulphates and behave like
(c) P (d) Bi (a) metal (b) non-metal
129. Nitrogen can form N3– ion because of (c) metalloid (d) any of the above
(a) high electronegativity 141. Commercially nitrogen is prepared from
(b) low electronegativity (a) by passing vapours of HNO3 on heated
(c) high I.E. copper
(d) Low I.E. (b) thermal decomposition of barium azide
130. In N2O4 oxidation state of nitrogen is (c) liquification of air
(a) –4 (b) +4 (d) oxidation of NH3
(c) –3 (d) + 3 142. Thermal decomoposition of ammonium
131. The maximum covalency of nitrogen is dichromate gives
(a) 2 (b) 3 (a) O 2 (b) N 2
(c) 4 (d) 5 (c) NH 3 (d) H 2
132. pn-pn bonding is possible in 143. Calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen to give
(a) N (b) P
(a) CaCN (b) Ca(CN)2
(c) As (d) Sb
(c) N 2 O (d) NO 2
133. Which of the following element do not form
d-p bonding? 144. Haber’s process is used to prepare
(a) N (b) P (a) O2 (b) N2
(c) As (d) Sb (c) NH3 (d) PH3

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145. Hydrolysis of calcium cyanamide gives 158. N 2O 4is
(a) N 2 (b) NH3 (a) Acidic and paramagnetic
(c) CaOCl2 (d) N20 (b) Acidic and dimagnetic
146. Ammonia reacts with excess of chlorine to (c) Basic and paramagnetic
give
(d) Basic and dimagnetic
(a) NH4C1 (b) C12
159. Which of the following exist in dimer ?
(c) NCl3 (d) NCls
(a) N2OS (b) N 2 O 4
147. Hydrazine is formed when ammonia react
with (c) NO2 (d) N2O3
(a) HNO3 (b) Ca(OH2 160. Which of following is polymeric
(c) H2SO4 (d) NaOCl phosphorous?
148. Ostwald process is used to prepare (a) White P (b) RedP
(a) NH 3 (b) N2 (c) BlackP (d) Yellow P
(c) HNO 3 (d) NO 161. Calcium phosphide on hydrolysis gives
149. Which of the following is hyponitrous acid? (a) NH 3 (b) PH3
(a) N 2 O 5 (b) H 2N 2O 2 (c) HNO3 (d) N2O4
(c) HNO 2 (d) H 2 N 2 O 162. Which of the following used in Holme’s
150. Fuming nitric acid is, signals?
(a) 50%HNO3 (b) 60%HNO3 (a) NH3 (b) O2
(c) 68%HNO3 (d) 98%HNO3 (c) N2 (d) PH3
151. NO 3 is isoelectronic with, 163. Phosphorium bromide is obtained by
reacting phosphine with
(a) CO 2 (b) SO2
(a) HBr (b) Br2
(c) CO 2 (d) SO 2
3 3 (c) NaOBr (d) PBr3
152. Dilute nitric acid react with copper to give, 164. White phosphorous is heated with conc.
(a) NO (b) N 2 O NaOH in inert atmosphere of CO2 gives
(c) NO 2 (d) N 2 O 5 (a) NH3 (b) PCl3
153. Conc. HNO3 acid react with copper to give, (c) PH3 (d) PCIs
(a) NO (b) NP 165. Hydrolysis of PCls gives
(c) NO 2 (d) N 2 O 5
(a) H3PO3 (b) H 3PO 4
154. Which of the following is Laughing gas?
(c) HPO3 (d) PH 3
(a) NO (b) N 2 O
166. HPO3 act as
(c) NO2 (d) N2OS
(a) Reducing agent (b) Oxidising agent
155. Laughing gas is produced from zinc react
with (c) Hydrolytic agent (d) Bleaching agent
(a) Dilute HNO3 (b) Conc.HNO3 167. How many P-OH bonds are present in H3PO2
(c) Dilute H2SO4 (d) HN02 (a) 1 (b) 2
156. Aquaregia is a mixture of (c) 3 (d) 0
(a) 3: 1 HCI and HNO3 168. Phosphorous acid is
(b) 1: 3 HCI and HNO3 (a) monobasic acid (b) dibasic acid
(c) 3: 1 H2SO4 and HNO3 (c) tribasic acid (d) tetrabasic acid
(d) 1:3H2S04andHN03 169. Which of the following is pyrophosphorous
157. Nitrogen monoxide is acid
(a) neutral (b) acidic (a) H4P2O6 (b) H3PO2
(c) basic (d) amphoteric (c) H4P2OS (d) H3PO4

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170. H3PO 4 consist of 181. P - P - P angle in white phosphorous is
(a) two P-OH bonds and 2 P = O bonds (a) 600° (b) 900°
(b) one P-OH bond and 3 P = O bonds (c) 109°28' (d) 120°
(c) 2 P-OH bonds and one P = O bond 182. With excess of Cl2 eact with ammonia forms
(d) 3 P-OH bonds and one P = O bond (a) NH 4 O (b) NCl3
171. Phosphoric acid is prepared by (c) N 2 (d) NOO
(a) hydrolysis of P2O3 183. Select incorrect statements
(b) hydrolysis of P4O10 (a) The central in the hydride is sp2 hybridised
(c) hydrolysis of PCl3 (b) BiH3 is strong reducing agent than NH3
(d) action of PCl3 on H3PO3 (c) NH3 is strong Lewis base than BiH3
172. Which of the following is magnesium (d) The bond energy of the E-H bond decreases
bismuthide ? from NH3 to BiH3
(a) Bi3Mg (b) Bi3Mg2 184. N-N bond is not present in
(c) Mg3Bi2 (d) Mg3Bi (a) N 2 O 3 (b) N 2 O 4
173. Which of the following is pyrophosphorous (c) N 2 O 5 (d) N 2
acid ? 185. In the preparation red phosphorous from
(a) H3PO3 (b) H4P2O6 white phosphorous
(c) H 4P2O7 (d) H 4 P 2 O 5 (a) MnO2 is used as catalyst
174. In which of the following four P-OH bonds (b) the white phosphorous is treated in electric
are present? furnace
(a) H 4 P 2 O 6 (b) H 3PO 2 (c) a little I2 is used as catalyst
(c) H3PO3 (d) H4P2OS (d) the gas P4 is released
175. Which of the following is an indian salt petre? 186. One of the acid listed below is formed from
(a) NaCl (b) NaNO 3 P 2O 3.The rest are formed from P 2O S.The
acid formed from hydrolysis is
(c) KCl (d) KNO3
(a) HPO3 (b) H 4 P 2 O 7
176. Pyrophosphorous acid is
(c) H3P04 (d) H 3PO 3
(a) Mono basic acid (b) Dibasic acid
187. Consider the reaction
(c) Tribasic acid (d) Neutral
NO3– + 3Fe2+ + 4H+ g NO + 3Fe3+ + 2H2O
177. Pure N2 is prepared in laboratory by heating
a mixture of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + NO g [Fe(H2O)5 NO]2+ + H2O
(a) NH4Cl and NaOH (b) NH4Cl and NaNO2 The brown complex is formed lUPAC name
of the complex is
(c) NH4OH and NaCl (d) NH4Cl and NaNO3
(a) Pentaaquanitrosyliron(II)
178. d - p bonding is possible in
(b) Pentaaquanitrosyliron(III)
(a) NO3, NOl, N3–, CN-
(c) Pentaaquanitrosylferrate(II)
(b) NH3, PH3, BiH3
(d) Pentaaquanitrosylferrate(III)
(c) P2O3, P2O5, PO4–
188. PCl3 under goes hydrolysis to produce an
(d) CO, NO, CO2, NO2
oxoacid. It has formula
179. Nitric oxide (NO) is paramagnetic in
(a) HPO 3 (b) H 3PO 3
(a) gaseous state (b) solid state
(c) H 3PO 4 (d) H 3PO 2
(c) liquid state (d) polymeric state
189. In solid PCIs exist as
180. Nitronium ion is isoelectronic with
(a) PCl3 (b) PCl4+
(a) CO 2 (b) CD
(c) PCl 6– (d) PCl4+ and PCl6
(c) NO 2 (d) NO
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190. Among CH4 , NH3 and H2O, acidity of H2O
is maximum becaues,
(a) Oxygen contain two lone pair of electrons
(b) Bond angle in water is less than 109°28'.
(c) Oxygen is more electronegative
(d) Water is associated liquid
191. Dimerisation of NO2 gives
(a) N2O4 (b) N2O
(c) N2O2 (d) 3O6
192. NO3 is isoelectronic with
–

(a) CO 2 (b) CO 3 2–
(c) NO (d) NO 2 –
193. In which of following first is more acidic than
second
(a) N2O3 > N2O5 (b) Bi2O5 > Bi2O3
(c) P2O3 > P2O5 (d) Sb2O3 > Sb2O5
194. Which of following does not react with
conc.HN0 3
(a) N (b) P
(c) As (d) Bi
195. Which of following element produces oxide
with conc.HNO3
(a) N (b) P
(c) As (d) Sb
196. Which of the followinf gives dence fumes of
P4O10 when exposed in air ?
(a) PCl5 (b) PO 3
(c) White phosphorous (d) Red phosphorous
197. Two -OH bonds are present in
(a) H 4 P 2 O 5 (b) H 4 P 2 O 6
(c) H 3PO 4 (d) H 4 P 2 O 7
198. Which of the following is more acidic ?
(a) H 4 P 2 O 5 (b) H 4 P 2 O 6
(c) H 4 P 2 O 7 (d) H 3 P 3 O 9
199. H3PO3 disproportionates to
(a) H3PO4and PH3
(b) HPO3and PH3
(c) H3PO2 and PH3
(d) P2O5 and PH3
200. Mercuric chloride reacts with phosphine
gives
(a) Hg 3 P 2 (b) HgP 2
(c) Hg3P (d) HgP

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 ANSWERKEY
1. c 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. b 6. c 7. b 8. a 9. b 10. a
11. c 12. a 13. a 14. a 15. a 16. a 17. c 18. c 19. d 20. a

21. b 22. a 23. c 24. a 25. b 26. b 27. b 28. c 29. d 30. c
31. a 32. b 33. c 34. d 35. c 36. c 37. a 38. d 39. b 40. c
41. a 42. d 43. b 44. d 45. d 46. d 47. a 48. b 49. a 50. d

51. a 52. c 53. b 54. a 55. d 56. a 57. c 58. a 59. b 60. d
61. d 62. b 63. d 64. d 65. b 66. d 67. b 68. a 69. a 70. a
71. d 72. c 73. d 74. a 75. b 76. a 77. a 78. a 79. b 80. d

81. c 82. c 83. d 84. c 85. b 86. a 87. b 88. b 89. d 90. b
91. b 92. d 93. a 94. a 95. a 96. d 97. c 98. d 99. c 100. c
101. d 102. d 103. c 104. d 105. d 106. d 107. b 108. d 109. b 110. d

111. b 112. b 113. a 114. c 115. b 116. c 117. b 118. b 119. a 120. b
121. c 122. d 123. b 124. d 125. d 126. c 127. a 128. b 129. a 130. b
131. b 132. a 133. a 134. a 135. a 136. a 137. c 138. d 139. b 140. a

141. c 142. b 143. b 144. c 145. b 146. c 147. d 148. c 149. b 150. d
151. c 152. a 153. c 154. b 155. a 156. a 157. a 158. b 159. c 160. b
161. b 162. d 163. a 164. c 165. b 166. b 167. a 168. b 169. c 170. d

171. b 172. c 173. d 174. a 175. d 176. b 177. b 178. c 179. a 180. b
181. a 182. b 183. a 184. c 185. c 186. d 187. a 188. b 189. d 190. c
191. a 192. b 193. b 194. a 195. d 196. c 197. a 198. c 199 a 200. a

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 HINTS AND SOLUTION
1. (c) The configuration of the element with atomic 7. (b) Nitrogen shows little tendency for catenation
number 51 is : [Kr]36 5s2 4d10 5p3. owing to weakness of N–N single bond.
Since the outer shell’s configuration has five 8. (c) Owing to the non-availability of d-orbital in
electrons (5s2 5p3), therefore, it belongs to its valence shell, cannot expand its octet and,
group 10 + 5 = 15. therefore, it cannot form NF5.
2. (b) Nitrogen forms strong N  N triple bond. Since 9. (b) It is because the strength of M-H bond
dissociation energy of N  N triple bond is decreases down the group, due to the increase
very high, therefore, it exists as a relatively in the size of central atom ‘M’.
unreactive diatomic molecule in its elemental 10. (c) The least stable hydride (BiH3) acts as the
state.
strongest reducing agent; where as the most
3. (d) The usual oxidation state shown by any group stable hydride (NH3) as a weakest reducing
15 element is + 5. But owing to inert pair agent. Consequently, reducing nature of
effect, it is two units less than usual oxidation hydrides increases on moving down the group.
state and hence, the lower oxidation state 11. (d) NH3 molecules are associated by strong
shown by phosphorus is + 3.
intermolecular H-bonds. As a result, its boiling
4. (d) White phosphorus is readily soluble in CS2 point in exceptionally high. The intermolecular
and other organic solvent, but red phosphorus forces in PH3 are vander Waal’s forces, due
is insoluble in these. to which its boiling point in lower than H3. In
5. (b) N3H is dissociated as moving from PH3 to BiH3 boiling points
increase. This is due to the increase in the
magnitude of vander Waal’s forces, owing to
the increase in the molecular size (or increase
in molar mass). The vander Waal’s forces in
The N 3 has linear structure, because N+ in SbH3 become stronger than intermolecular
sp-hybridized. The weakly acidic nature of H-bonds in H3. As a result, boiling point of
SbH3 becomes more than that of NH3. Hence,
N3H is due to the fast that N 3 is more
the correct sequence of boiling points is
resonance stabilized than N3H.
PH3 < AsH3 < NH3 < SbH3 < BiH3.
12. (a) H3 is distinctly basic; PH3 is weakly basic;
AsH3, SbH3 and BiH3 do not show any basic
6. (c) Isostructural pairs are the species that have property and therefore, are very weak bases.
the same electron-pair geometry and same itrogen, because of its small size, has a lone
shape : pair of electrons concentrated on small region,
Species Lewis structure Flectron-pair Shape of the so electron-density on small-sized nitrogen
geometry species atom is more. ow as we go down the group,
NF3 Tetrahedral Trigonal the size of central atom goes on increasing
and, therefore, the same electronic charge is
pyramidal
now distributed (or diffused) over a larger
H3O+ Tetrahedral Trigonomal
volume. As a result, electron-density
pyramidal decreases. Consequently, electron-donating
BF3 Trigonal planar Trigonal planar ability of the hydrides to electron-deficient
species decreases on moving down the group.

NO 3 Trigonal planar Trigonal planar 13. (a) NH 4 NO 2   N 2  2H 2O

NH3 Tetrahedral Bent b g 

(b) NH 4 2 CO 3  2 NH 3  H 2 O  CO 2

(c) b NH g SO
around N of 
4 2 4   2 NH 3  H 2SO 4
N–H bond
(47)
 
(d) NH 4 Cl  b) Hydrolysis of NCl3 is thought to proceed by
 NH 3  HCl
step wise replacement of chlorine, the lone
14. (a) In all these hydrides, the central atom ‘M’ is pair on N- atom bonding to a hydrogen atom
sp 3-hybridized forming four sp 3-hybrid of a water molecule.
orbitals. Three of these hybrid orbitals form
three sigma () bonds with thr hydrogen
atoms; whereas the fourth hybrid orbital
contains a lone pair. As a result, these hydrides
have trigonal pyramidal geometry (or
structure).

HCl2 + H2O 
 NH2Cl + HClO
H2Cl + H2O 
 NH3 + HClO
17. (c) Dipole moment of NH3(0.49  10–29 cm) is
more than that of NF3 (0.07  10–29 Crn.).
The H-M-H bond angle decreases from NH3
This is due to the fact that the directions of
to SbH3. Now, as we 0 down the group from
the dipole moments of the bonding N-H and
nitrogen to bismuth, the size of central atom
non-bonding electron pairs coincide in NH3
goes on increasing and its electronegativity
and, therefore, vector addition of all dipole
goes on decreasing. Conse ently, the position
moments yield a large resultant dipole
of bond pairs of electro hifts more and more
moment. In NFy on the contrary, the dipole
away from the central a om on moving from
moments of N-F bonds and of the non-
NH3 to BiH3. For example, the bond pair in
bonding electron pair are in opposite
N-H bond is more closer to ni ogen than the
directions, so that they are partially
bond pair in P- H bond. As a result, the force
compensated when summated.
of repulsion between the bonded pair of e
ectrons in NH3 is more than that in PH3. In
general, the force of repulsion of between
bonded air of electrons decreases as we move
from. H3 to BiH3 and, therefore, the bond
angle also decreases in the same order.
15. (a) Because of high e ectronegativity of F atom,
the nitrogen atom a ains positive charge and
therefore, it has practically no electron- a) From the above figure, it is clear that NF3
donating properties. has a trigonal pyramidal structure.
16. (a) In the first stage of hydrolysis, an extra bond
b) 2 NF3 + 3 H2O (vapour) 
 N2O3 + 6 HF
is formed by water molecule. While chlorine
d) 2O3 (l) + H2O (l) 
 2HNO2 (l)
and the group 15 elements (except nitrogen)
can expand their octet by using vacant d- (Acid)
orbitals of the valence shell, F and cannot. c) Derivatives of nitrogen (III) have both
As a result.NN 3 , is extremely stable. oxidizing and reducing properties.
Trihalides of p,As. Sb, and Bi hydrolyse readil
+3 +2
NF3 + H2O (l)   No hydrolysis
2Na NO2 + 2KI + 2H2SO4 g 12 + 2NO + K2SO4
NCl3 + 3H2O (l)   H3 + 3HOCI
PCl3 + 3H2O (l)   H3PO3 + 3 HCl (Oxidant) + Na2SO4 + 2H2O
+3
2AsCl3+ 3H2O   6HCl + As2O3
a) SbCl3 and BiCl3 also hydrolyze to form basic 2KMnO4 + 5NaNO2 + 3H2SO4 g 2MnSO4 +
oxochlorides. +5
BiCl2 + H2O BiOCl + 2HCl 5NaNO3 + K2SO4 + 3H2O
(48)
19. (d) This is clear from structure of PCls given
below:

It has both covalent and coordinate bonds.

b) Since NO2 has an unpaired electron, so it is
paramagnetic
c) The odd electron on each of the nitrogen
atoms of NO2 molecules are paired up to form
a weak N– bond. The molecule is a resonance
hybrid, since all N–O bonds are equivalent.

a) Lewis structure of PCls has five electron

pairs. According to VSEPR theory, the
orientation of five electron pairs in trigonal
d) N2O4 NO+ + NO3–
bipyramidal. To accommodate five electron
pairs in trigonal bipyramidal orientation, P 23. (c) NH3 shows no reaction towards air. It bums
atom is sp3 d-hybridized. Since all the five with a pale green flame in oxygen.
sp 3 d-hybrid orbitals have bond pairs, 4NH3 + 3O2   2N2 + 6H2 .
therefore, the geometry of PCls is also a) NH3 molecule is trigonal pyramidal is shape
trigonal bipyramidal.
with a lone pair of electron in one of the four
b) PCls+ 4H2O   H3PO4+ 5HCl sp3 hybridized orbitals. When it is bonded to
c) It is because the central’P’ atom can easily H+, it forms tetrahedral NH4+ ions, because
accept the halide ion (a Lewis base), due to all the four sp2 hybrid orbitals possess four
the presence of vacant d-orbital in its valence bonded pairs of electrons.
shell. b) 2NH3 + 3CuO   N2+ 3H2O + Cu
PCls + Cl–   PCl6– c) 4NH3+ 5O2 Pt/ Rh
 4NO + 6H2O
(Lewis acid) (Lewis base) 24. (a) Except CaO, all react with NH3. Anhy.. CaCl2
20. (a) All the oxides of nitrogen (except NO and forms [Ca(NH3)8] Cl 2 with NH 3. P2OS is
N2Oneutral oxides) and phosphorus are acidic in nature and H2SO4 is a strong acid
strongly acidic in nature; oxides of arsenic and therefore, these react with NH3.
are weakly acidic; oxides of antimony are Pt / Rh
amphoteric and those of bismuth are weakly 25. (b) 4 NH 3  5O 2 catalyst
 4 NO  6H 2 O
basic.
2 NO  O 2 1120
 K
 2 NO 2
As the size of nitrogen atom is small and it
has a strong positive field, so it interacts with 3NO2 + H2O   2HNO3+ O
water, more strongly pulling the electron pairs 26. (b) Oxidation of Mn2+ ions is carried out
between O-H and thus helps in the release quantitatively to MnO4– by v arming with
of H+ ions. However, this tendency diminishes sodium bismuthate in excess of HNO3
with the increase in size and therefore,
2Mn2+ + 5NaBiO3+14H+ g 2MnO4–+ 5Na +
decreases the acidic character or conversely
increases the basic character. + 5 Bi3+ + 7 H2O
21. (b) The Lewis structure of N2O5 is a) It is a strong oxidizing agent as shown in (b)
c) It is a stoichiometric compound
d) Bi2O3 + 6NaOH   2" Na3BiO3 + 3H2O
27. (b) It is linear molecule and is a resonance hybrid
of two highly polar and linear structure with
22. (a) NO2 has angular structure and has all N-O opposing dipole moments.
– + + –
:

: :

bonds equivalent, because of resonance. : NN – O :

: :

:N=N=O

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 a) 2NaNO3+(NH4)2SO4g2NH4NO3 + Na2SO4 32. (b) N2O3 + H2O 
 2 HNO2

NH 4 NO 3   N 2O  2H 2O 33. (c) P4 + 3KOH + 3H2O 
 PH3+ 3 KH2PO2
(Potassium
c) 3 Cu + 8 HNO3(dil.) 

3 Cu + 6NO3– + 4H2O + 2NO
2+ hypophosphite)

2 34. (d) (NH4)2Cr2O2 


 N2 + Cr2O3 + 4H2O
d) 6KMn  9 H SO  10 N O 

4 2 4
(Green)

3K 2SO 4  6MnSO 4  4 H 2 O  10 HNO 3 35. (c) The structure of P4O6 and P4O10 are gives
as under
Heat Heat
28. (c) N2O4 2NO2 2NO + O 2
Cool
(Pale yellow solid) Brown (Pale blue
or black
(d) Sn + 4HNO3   Sn02 + 4 N02 + 2H20
(Hot and conc.)
a) P4 + 20HNO3   4H3PO4 + 20NO2+ 4H2P
(Cone.)
b) Mg + HNO03   Mg(NO3)2 + H2
In P4O6, each phosphorus is linked to three
(very dilute) oxygen atoms; whereas in P 4 O 10 , each
c) Zinc reacts with HN03 in different ways. phosphorus atom is linked to four oxygen
Zn + 4HN03   Zn(NO3)2 +2NO2+2 H20 atoms.
4Zn+10HNO3 
 4Zn(NO3)2+N2O+5 H2O 36. (c) Pyrophosphoric acid can be obtained by
5Zn+12HNO3 
 5Zn(NO3)H+N2 +O6H O
2 2 2 2 N 2 O  H 2 O
2 N heating orthophosphoric acid.
4Zn + 10HNO3g 4Zn(NO3)2+6 H2O + NH4NO3
30. (c) BiCl3 being the salt of a strong acid and weak
base, undergoes partial hydrolysis under
weakly acidic conditions to give a white
Although pyrophosphoric is tetrabasic acid,
precipitate of BiOCl, which dissolves in the
yet only two sodium salts are known:
excess of the acid.
Na 2P2O7 and Na2H2P2O7.
BiCl3 + 3 HOH   BiOCl + 2 HCl
a) P4O6 +6 H2O 
 4H3PO3
ppt.
BiOCl + 2 HCI   BiCl3 + H2O H
BiOCI is used as a white pigment under the |
name pearl white. It structure is O  P  OH
|
31. (a) Microcosmic salt on heating produces a OH
transparent bead of sodium metaphosphate
(NaPO3). Therefore, it is dibasic.
Na(NH4)HPO4· 4H2O g NH3 + 5H2O + NaPO3
NaPO3 combines with certain metallic oxides LM OH OP
|
 4 MO  P  OH P
to form coloured beads of the corresponding
 6H O 
orthophosphates, e.g., b)
P4 O10 2
MM | PP
NaPO3 + CuO   CuNaPO4 N OH Q
(Blue)
This acid is tribasic.
Hence, microcosmic salt is sometimes used
in place of borax for performing borax bead d) H 3 PO 4 316
 C 0
 HPO 3  H 2 O
test.
(50)
 The metaphosphate ions are built up from PO4 2Hg2Cl2 + H3PO2 + 2H2O   4Hg2Cl2 +
units and are cyclic. The trimetaphosphate ion 4HCl + H3PO4
(P3O93–) is shown below:
42. (d) H3PO3 is a strong oxidizing agent. An oxide
layer is formed on the surface of iron making
it passive
43. (b) With cold water, it gives HNO2 and HNO3
2NO2 + H2O   HNO2 + HNO3
But with warm water, it give HI 03 and NO.
37. (a) H atom directly attached with ‘P’ atoms is
3NO2 + H2O   2 HNO3 + NO
reducing in nature. H atom attached with P

atom through oxygen atom is acidic in nature. 44. (d) 1) and 4). NH 4 NO 3   N 2O  2H 2O
and NH2OH + HNO2 
 H2N2O2 + H2O
OH OH
| | (Hyponitrous acid)
O  P  OH O  P  OH 
| | H 2 N 2 O 2   N 2O  H 2O
H OH 45. (d) 1) and 4) Both can be liquefied easily.
( H 3 PO 3 ) ( H 3 PO 3 )
( Orthophosphorus acid ) ( Orthophosphorus acid )
46 to 200 depends on the fact.

OH OH
| | OH OH   
O  P  P  OH | |
| | O  P  O  P  OH
OH OH | |
( H 4 P2 O 6 ) OH OH
( Pyrophosphorus acid )
( Hyprophosphorus acid )

Only orthophosphorus acid (H3PO3) has H-

atom directly attached with ‘P’ atom,
therefore, it is reducing in nature.
38. (d) All phosphides on treatment with water forms
PH 3 .
Ca3P2 + 6HOH   2 PH3 + 3Ca(OH)2
Na3P + 3HOH   PH3 + 3NaOH
AlP + 3HOH   PH3 + Al(OH)3
39. (b) Phosphonium iodide is less thermally stable
than ammonium salts, because phosphine is
less basic than ammonia and decomposition
occurs at 60°C
PH4I   PH3 + HI
a) PH3 + HI   PH4I
c) PH4I + H2O   PH3 + H3O+ + I–
d) 6 Ag+ + PH3 + 3H2O   6 Ag + H3PO3 + 6 H+
40. (c) H3PO3 + 2AgNO3 + H2O   H3PO4 +
2HNO3 + 2Ag
41. (a) H3PO2 shows reducing properties.
H3PO2 + 4HgCl2 + 2H2O   2 Hg2Cl2 +
4HCl + H3PO4
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 Q UESTION F ROM C OMPETITIVE E XAM
1. In which of the following arrangements the 10. Which of the following is oxidised in air
sequence in not strictly according to the (a) White phosphorus (b) CH4
property written against it (c) Hp (d) NaCl
(a) CO2 < SiO2 < SnO2 < PbO2 : 11. Which of the following exist in polymeric
increasing oxidising power form?
(b) HF < HCl < HBr < HI: (a) HPO 3 (b) H 4 P 2 O 7
increasing acid strength (c) H 3PO 4 (d) None of these
(c) NH3 < PH3 < H3 < SbH3 : 12. Which nitrogen trihalides is least basic
increasing basic strength (a) NF 3 (b) NC13
(d) B < C < O < N : (c) NBr 3 (d) NI 3
increasing first ionization enthlapy 13. Which oxide of nitrogen is coloured gas
2. Each of the following is true for white and (a) N 2 O (b) NO
red phosphorus except that they (c) N 2 O 5 (d) NO 2
(a) Are both soluble in CS2 14. Which oxide do not act as a reducing agent
(b) Can be oxidised by heating in air (a) NO (b) NO 2
(c) Consist of same kind of atoms (c) N 2 O 5 (d) N 2 O 5
(d) Can be converted into one another 15. The basic character of hydrides of the 15th-
3. Which of the following is not known group elements decreases in the order
(a) NCls (b) NI 3 (a) SbH3> PH3 > AsH3 > H3
(c) SbCl3 (d) NC13 (b) NH3 > SbH3 > PH3 > AsH3
4. Which of the following elements is most (c) H3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
metallic (d) SbH3 > AsH3 > PH3 > H3
(a) Phosphoru (b) Arsenic 16. The trongest base is
(c) Antimony (d) Bismuth (a) NH 3 (b) PH3
5. Which of the following oxide of nitrogen is (c) AsH3 (d) SbH3
the anhydride of HNO3.
17. Which has the lowest boiling point
(a) NO (b) N 2 O 3
(a) NH 3 (b) PH 3
(c) N 3 O 4 (d) N 2 O 5
(c) AsH 3 (d) SbH3
6. Dissociation of H 3PO 4 occurs in following
18. Of the following, the most acidic is
stages
(a) As 2O 3 (b) P 2 O 3
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) Sb2O3 (d) BI2 O 3
(c) 3 (d) 4
19. The correct order of acidic nature of oxides
7. Nitrogen form how many oxides
is in the order
(a) 3 (b) 4
(a) O < N2O < N2O3 < NO2 < N2O5
(c) 5 (d) 6
(b) N2O < NO < N2O3 < NO2 < N2O5
8. The element which catches fire in air at 30°C
(c) N2O5 < NO2 < N2O3 < NO < N2O
and is stored under water is
(d) N2O5 < N2O3 < NO2 < NO < N2I
(a) Calcium (b) Sodium
20. Nitrogen is relatively inactive element
(c) Phosphorus (d) Zinc
because
9. A solution of ammonia in water contains
(a) Its atom has a stable electronic configuration
(a) W
(b) It has low atomic radius
(b) OH –
(c) Its electroneiativity is fairly high
(c) Only NH4+
(d) Dissociation energy of its molecule is fairly
(d) OH–, NH4+ and NH4OH molecules high
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21. Which statement is not correct for nitrogen? 30. The number of hydroxyl group in
(a) It has a small size pyrophosphoric acid is
(b) It does not readily react with O2 (a) 3 (b) 4
(c) It is a typical non-metal (c) 5 (d) 7
(d) d-orbitals are available or bonding 31. Correct order of decreasing thermal stability
22. Which of the following statement is wrong? is as
(a) The stability of hydrides increase from NH3 (a) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
to BiH3 in group 15 of the periodic table
(b) PH3 > NH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
(b) Nitrogen cannot form d - P bond
(c) Single N - N bond is weaker than the single (c) AsH3 > PH3 > NH3 > SbH3
P - P bond (d) SbH3 > AsH3 > PH3 > NH3
(d) N2O4 has two resonance structure 32. Calcium cyanamide on treatment with steam
23. Which of the following is not correct for under pressure gives ammonia and
N 2 O? (a) Calcium carbonate (b) Calcium hydroxide
(a) It is called laughing gas (c) Calcium oxide (d) Calcium nitrate
(b) It is nitrous oxide
33. Which of the following has the highest proton
(c) It is not a linear molecule affinity?
(d) It is least reactive in all oxides of nitrogen (a) Stibine (SbH3) (b) Arsine (AsH3)
24. The percentage of p-character in the orbitals
(c) Phosphine (PH3) (d) Ammonia (NH3)
forming P-P bonds in P4 is
(a) 25 (b) 33 34. Atoms in a P4 molecule of white phosphorus
are arranged regularly in space in which of
(c) 50 (d) 75
the following way
25. Which of the following phosphorus is most
stable? (a) At the corners of tetrahedraon
(a) Red (b) White (b) At the corners of a cube
(c) Black (d) All stable (c) At the corners of a four membered ring
26. The least stable hydride of 15 th group (d) At the centre and corners of an equilateral
elements is triangle
(a) NH 3 (b) PH 3 35. In case of nitrogen, NCl3 is possible but not,
(c) AsH 3 (d) BiH3 NCl5 while in case of phosphorous, PCI3 a
27. With reference to protonic acids, which of well as PCls are possible. It is due to
the following statements is correct (a) Availability of vacant d-orbital in P but not in
(a) PH is more basic than NH3 N
(b) PH less basic than NH3 (b) Lower electronegativity of P than N
(c) PH3 equally basic as NH3
(c) Occurrence of P in solid while N in gaseous
(d) PH oteric while NH3 is basic state at room temperature
28. One of the acid listed below is formed from (d) Occurrence of P in solid while N in gaseous
P2O3 and the rest are formed from P2O5. The state at room temperature
acid formed fromphosphorus (III) oxide is
36. Liquid ammonia is used for refrigeration
(a) HPO 3 (b) H 4 P 2 O 7
because
(c) H 3PO 4 (d) H 3PO 3
(a) It has a high dipole moment
29. lIiypophosphorus acid is
(a) A tribasic acid (b) A dibasic acid (b) It has a high heat of vaporisation
(c) A monobasic acid (d) ot acidic at all (c) It is basic
(d) It is a stable compound
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37. The decreasing values of bond angles from 43. In compounds of type ECI3, where E = B, P,
NH3(106°) to SbH3 (101o)down group -15 of As or Bi, then angles CI - E - CI for different
the periodic table is due to E are in the order
(a) Increasing Bp-Bp repulsion (a) B > P = As = Bi (b) B > P> As > Bi
(c) Increasing p-orbital character in sp3 (c) B < P = As = Bi (d) B < P < As < Bi
(d) Decreasing Lp-Bp repulsion 44. An element (X) forms compounds of the
(d) Decreasing electro negativity formula XCI3, X2O5 and Ca3X2, but does not
38. The structural formula of hypophosphorus form XCl 5, which of the following is the
acid is element X
(a) B (b) Al
(c) N (d) P
45. Which of the following statements is not valid
(a) (b)
for oxoacids of phosphorus
(a) Orthophosphoric acid is used in the
manufacture of triple superphosphate
(b) Hypophosphorous acid is a diprotic acid
(c) (d) (c) All oxoacids contain tetrahedral four
coordinated phosphorus
39. Aquaregia is (d) All oxoacids contain atleast one P = 0 unit
and one P - OH group
(a) 1: 3 conc. HNO3 and conc. HCl
46. Which of the following oxy acids of
(b) 1: 2 cone. HNO3 and conc. HCl
phosphorus is a reducing agent and
(c) 3: 1 cone. HNO3 and conc. HCl monobasic
(d) 2: 1 cone. HNO3 and conc. HCl (a) H 3PO 2 (b) H 3PO 3
40. Which of the following set of properties (c) H 3PO 4 (d) H 4 P 2 O 6
belongs to PCl5? 47. The element which forms oxides in all
(a) sp3, tetrahedral, 4 valence shell pairs of oxidation states + 1 to +5 is
electrons (a) N (b) P
(b) sp3d, trigonal bipyramidal, 5 valence shell (c) As (d) Sb
pairs of electrons 48. Number of P - 0 bonds in P4O10 is
(c) sp3d2, square planar, 4 valence shell pairs of (a) 17 (b) 16
electrons (c) 15 (d) 6
(d) sp3d, square planar, 4 valence shell pairs of 49. Most acidic oxide is
electrons (a) Na 2 O (b) ZnO
41. In NH3 and PH3I the common is (c) MgO (d) P 2 O 5
(a) Odour (b) Combustibility 50. White phosphorus is
(c) Basic nature (d) None of these (a) A mono atomic gas
42. CaC2 + N2   A, product A is (b) P4 a tetrahedral solid
(a) CaCN 2 (b) CaCN2 and C (c) Ps a crown shape
(c) CaCN2 + N2 (d) None of these (d) A linear diatomic molecule

ANSWERKEY
1. c 2. a 3. a 4. d 5. d 6. c 7. c 8. c 9. d 10. a
11. a 12. a 13. d 14. d 15. c 16. a 17. b 18. b 19. b 20. d

21. d 22. a 23. c 24. d 25. a 26. d 27. b 28. d 29. c 30. b
31. a 32. a 33. d 34. a 35. a 36. b 37. d 38. a 39. a 40. b
41. c 42. b 43. b 44. c 45. b 46. a 47. a 48. b 49. d 50. b

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 1 II 1 II
OH a OH a
iv) N204 (a) NF3
Dinitrogen O~lonepair
tetraoxide N
Colourless gas F •..... ! ..... F
F
(c) In hydrides of 15th group elements the basic In is least basic because of the high
strength decreases down the group and the electronegativity of 3F atoms. The lone pair
correct order is, H3> PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3. present on nitrogen atom is not easily available
(a) White phophorus is soluble in C52 whereas red for donation.
phosphorus is insoluble in it.
(a) NCls is not known because of absence of d- (d) N02 brown coloured gas.
orbitals in nitrogen. (d) N20S is an anhydride of H 03'
N P As Sb Bi 2HN03 -. N20S + H20
(d) —— Therefore, it can act only as oxidising agent.
Non-metals Metalloids Metal (c) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3·
(d) 2HN03 ——7 N20S + H20 On moving down the group atomic size
Nitricacid increases and availability of lone pair
(c) H3P04 ~ •••==~> H+ + H2P04- decreases. Hence, basic character decreases.
H2P04- ••• ••••H+HPol- (a) NH3 is a strongest base because Lone pair is
HPO 2- -=== ••.. ~H++ P042- easily available for donation.
4 ••• (b) Hybride NH3 PH3 AsH3 SbH3 BiH3
(c) i)NO ii) N20 Boiling point 238.5 185.5 210.6 254.6 290
Nitric oxide Nitrous oxide N203 P203 ASP3 SbP3 BiP3
Colourless gas Colourless gas (b) —-— ——-—-
iii) N 203 Acidic Amphoteric Basic
Dinitrogen Acidic character decreases down the group
tetraoxide (b) The acidic character of oxides increase with
blue liquid increase in oxidation number of element.
iv) N20S However,
Dinitrogen N20, NO are neutral
penta oxide N203, N02, N20S are acidic
white solid (d) N == N bond energy is very high 945 k] mol “ .
(c) Because of its very low ignition temperature (d) 7N = 1s2, 2s2, 2p3
(303K) it is always kept under water. d-orbitals are absent in nitrogen.
(d) NH3 when dissolved in water forms (a) The stability of hydrides decreases from NH3
NH3 + H20 -. NH! + OIr •••••••NH40H to BiH3 which can be observed from their bond
(a) P 4 + 502 -. P 4 OlD: white phosphorus gets easily dissociation enthalpy. The correct order is
oxidized because it is highly reactive. NH3> PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3·
(a) (HP03)n Polymetaphosphoric acid (c) N20 is a linear molecule.
° OH ° OH (d)ln P4 the P - P linkage is formed by sp3 - sp3
0,,11/0,,1/0,,11/0,,1/0 hybridized orbital overlapping.
P P P P
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50 the percentage of P - character will be 75%. electro negativity is the answer.
(a) Due to the less reactivity. (a) H3P02 is hypophosphorus acid.
(d) As we move from NH3 to BiH3' size of hte (a) One part of concentrated HN03 and 3 parts
central atom increases and its tendency to form concentrated HCl form aquaregia.
covalent bond with comparatively small (b) Valence shell electronic configuration of
H-atom decreases. Hence, stability decreases
down the group. Since there is no lone pair of electrons on P
(b) PH3 is less basic because lone pair is not easily atom, PCls has the expected trigonal
available for donation. bipyramidal shape.
(d) PZ03 + 3H20 -. 2H3P03 •• ••
(c) H3P02 Monobasic acid (c) NH3 and PH3 both are basic beca.use of the
~ Only one -OH group. presence of lone pair of electrons.
(b) When calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen
at 1000°C, calcium cyanide and carbon is
(b)H4PP7 formed.
o0 CaCN2 +C
II II Calcium cyanide
HO- P -0- P -OH (b) B > P> As > Bi
I I As we go down the group bond angle decreases
OH OH because repulsion between bonded pairs of
Tetrabasic electron decreases.
4 - OH groups are present. (c) N2 can form NCl3, N20S and Ca3 N2 but does
(a) The thermal stability of hydrides of nitrogen not form NCls.
family or group 15 elements decreases on (b) l- ,-J Hypophosphorous acid (H,PO,) is
moving downwards in the group. Therefore, [ OH J ‘
NH3 is the most stable and BiH3 is the least a monobasic acid.
stable. The stability of the hybrides of group (a) Hypophosphorus acid (H3P02) is a monobasic
15 elements decreases in the order: and which act as reducing agent. In this
NH3> PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3 molecules two P - H bonds are responsible for
(a) CaCN2 + 3H20 ~ CaC03 + 2NH3 its reducing character and one 0 - H bonds
(d) MH3 + H+ ~ MH! are responbsible for its reducing character
As the size of the central atom increases, the and one 0 - H bond is responsible for its
stability of the conjugate acid decreases and monobasic acid character.
hence the basic character decreases in the (a) Nitrogen shows +1 to +5, all oxidation states.
order. (b) 16 bond by its structure.
H3> PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3· (d) Phosphorus is a non-metallic element. It form’s
(a) P acidic oxide.
(b) White or yellow phosphorus is the most
reactive and poisonous allotrope of
(a) Nitrogen does not have d-orbitals. phosphorus. It has tetrahedral structure and
(b) Liquid ammonia is used in refrigeration is solid at room temperature. It catches fire in
because it has high heat of vaporisation. air, hence kept in water.
(d) Because of having same group decreasing

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