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Woodworking Revision

The Civil Technology Woodworking Revision Booklet for Grade 10 outlines a program to assist students in revising key content and skills for the NCS examination. It includes topics such as safety, materials, equipment, and tools, along with a detailed layout of the question paper and cognitive levels of demand. The document also provides guidance on answering questions effectively and includes a breakdown of marks for various topics.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
26 views21 pages

Woodworking Revision

The Civil Technology Woodworking Revision Booklet for Grade 10 outlines a program to assist students in revising key content and skills for the NCS examination. It includes topics such as safety, materials, equipment, and tools, along with a detailed layout of the question paper and cognitive levels of demand. The document also provides guidance on answering questions effectively and includes a breakdown of marks for various topics.

Uploaded by

videoclub.roii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

Western Cape Education Department


Directorate: Curriculum FET

CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
WOODWORKING
REVISION BOOKLET

2025 TERM 1

Grade 10
This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical content
and skills covered during the 1st term. The purpose is to prepare you to
understand the key concepts and to provide you with an opportunity to
establish the required standard and the application of the knowledge
necessary to succeed in the NCS examination.
The revision program covers the following topics:
• GENERIC- Questions 1, 2 and 3
• SPECIFIC – Questions 4, 5 and 6.
• LAYOUT OF QUESTION PAPER
• SAFETY: (GENERIC)
• MATERIALS (GENERIC)
• MATERIALS: (SPECIFIC))
• EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (GENERIC)
• EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (SUBJECT SPECIFIC)
• GENERAL COMMENTS
• MARKING GUIDELINES
2

LIST OF CONTENTS
No Topic Page

1 LAYOUT OF QUESTION PAPER 3

2 COGNITIVE LEVELS 4-7

3 SAFETY(GENERIC) 8

4 MATERIALS (GENERIC) 10

5 MATERIALS: (SPECIFIC) 11

6 EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (GENERIC) 13

7 EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (SUBJECT SPECIFIC) 15

8 GENERAL COMMENTS 17

9 MARKING GUIDELINES 18-21


3

EXAMINATION WEIGHTING IN CIVIL TECHNOLOGY (WOODWORKING) GRADE 10

Question Content Topic Percentage

1 OHSA, Materials, Tools, Equipment and Joining (Generic) 30%


2 Graphics as Method of Communication (Generic) 40%
3 Casements, Cupboards, Wall-Panelling and Quantities 40%
(Specific)
4 Roofs, Ceilings, Tools and Equipment, and Materials
(Specific) 30%
5 Centering, Formwork, Shoring and Graphics as Means of
Communication (Specific) 30%
6 Suspended Floors, Staircases, Ironmongery, Doors and
Joining (Specific) 30%
Total 100%

QUESTION CONTENT Marks per Topic MARKS PER


VARIANCE (+- 2 QUESTION
MARKS)
GENERIC
1 OHS safety 15 35
Materials 20
2 Tools & Equipment 25 50
Graphics as means of Communication 25
3 Quantities 5 15
Joining 10
SPECIFIC
4 Centering 6 30
Formwork 10
Shoring 6
Materials 8
5 Tools and Equipment 6 30
Graphics as means of Communication 8
Staircase 4
Suspended floor 6
Casement 6
6 Joining 6 40
Quantities 10
Doors 8
Ceilings 4
Wall panelling and Cupboards 8
Ironmongery 4
GRAND TOTAL 200
4

COGNITIVE LEVELS

Cognitive levels
Examination papers is set in such a way that they reflect proportions of marks for questions at
various level of cognitive demand.
The Civil Technology CAPS document states that Civil Technology examination papers should
examine three levels of cognitive demand (Table below).
TABLE 1: THE TAXONOMY OF COGNITIVE DEMAND LEVELS FOR THE CIVIL TECHNOLOGY NSC
EXAMINATIONS

Level of cognitive Type of cognitive Explanation of Examples of action


demand demand categorization words/verbs
Questions which require
students:
Lower order Knowledge To recall or recognise Define, describe, Identify,
explicit information, Name, recognise, select, state,
details, facts, formulas, list, recognise
terms, definitions,
procedures,
representations from
memory or from material
provided.
Middle order Comprehension To understand the Comprehend, compare,
meaning of the learned define, describe, distinguish,
material, to interpret explain, generalise, illustrate,
material, diagrams and infer, interpret, match,
drawings paraphrase, restate, select,
summarize
Application To use learned material in Apply, adapt, compute, discover, draw, gather, graph,
new situations to calculate modify, operate, prepare, revise, show, solve, survey, use
quantities, construct
drawings and diagrams
Higher order Analysis, To break down learning Analyse, categorise, classify,
material, drawings, and compare, contrast, decipher,
diagrams to understand deduce, differentiate,
the content and be able distinguish, explain, generalise,
to identify parts. infer, predict, relate, solve
Synthesis To put together to produce Combine, compose, create, depict, design, develop,
something new from the incorporate, integrate, invent, organise, plan, predict,
translation of words to produce, structure
create a new drawing
Evaluation To judge the value of the Appraise, critique, decide, evaluate, judge, justify,
learned material to explain recommend
and justify opinions
5

PREPARING FOR CIVIL TECHNOLOGY PAPER


The CIVIL TECHNOLOGY paper consists of SIX questions: Please refer to the layout of the
question paper.You must answer ALL 6 questions and you need to read the instructions
carefully. It is important to prepare yourself by practice answering questions from past
papers
You can download papers from:

https://www.education.gov.za/Curriculum/NationalSeniorCertificate(NSC)Examinations/N
SCP astExaminationpapers.aspx

There are also many resources for the subject Civil Technology (Construction,
Woodworking and Civil Services) including summaries, tips, Power Point
presentations,lesson plans, etc. on the WCED ePortal https://wcedeportal.co.za/

TYPES OF QUESTIONS TO BE SET IN A CIVIL TECHNOLOGY QUESTION PAPER

The question paper will consist of various types of questions including, but not limited to,
the following:

• Matching items
• Multiple choice
• Questions where candidates will have to be able to state facts, compare, differentiate,
describe, explain concepts and identify faults with recommendations and statements.
• Drawings and sketches related to the curriculum in order to demonstrate the
compilation, working principles and other aspects of subject matter.

GENERIC SECTION: THREE QUESTIONS COMPULSARY

This part of the paper covers Questions 1, 2 and 3 and will deal with the following:

QUESTION 1 - OHSA, SAFETY AND MATERIALS (30).

QUESTION 2 - TOOLS & EQUIPMENT AND GRAPHICS AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION (40).

QUESTION 3 – QUANTITIES AND JOINING (30).

QUESTION 1 and according to the Abridge Section 4 AMMENDMENTS Implementation


Date: January 2021 covers mostly short questions on the topics as stated above.
Teachers (examiners) will concentrate on aspects that are not covered in the specific
6

section of the work. You must also keep in mind that the structure of this question will
remain the same for eg.

The question on the “Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches an item in
COLUMN A” is a tricky one as you need to read the question and look for the correct
answer. The golden rule here is to first answer the ones you know and then the rest. Be
careful as some of the answers sound correct.

DO NOT guess, as you might be wrong. A hint can be to write on the question paper
the answer you think matches the questions in Column A. Then rethink before you
start writing in the answer book.

The rest of the questions will be short type of questions and might be accompanied
with an image or a photo especially questions on tools and equipment.

In this section of the paper verbs must be identified. When the examiner starts the
question with “ Explain TWO dis-advantages of electroplating.” You supposed to
Explain only two disadvantages in short.

When the questions start with – “Name the process when fresh concrete is tested
before use”. You must only name the process without explaining it.

When the examiner asks you – “ Describe ONE safety factor that must be considered
when using scaffold planks to erect a scaffold platform”. You can describe the
answer in your own words the way you understand it. Keep it short and to the point.

Another verb that is confusing at time is the verb – “Predict” for example- Predict ONE
consequence if you did not add a sole plate to a scaffold when erecting it. You
should read the question and then in your own words or as you can best possibly give
the answer.

What is important to remember when answering this section:

• OHSA safety counts 10 marks.


• Materials counts 20 marks
• Answer all the questions. (DO NOT leave out questions.)
• Use the images or photos presented in a question to answer it to best of your ability.
• Keep in mind it covers only safety, materials, tools and equipment and joining.
• Look at the mark allocation and remember the verb.

QUESTION 2 according to the Abridge Section 4 AMMENDMENTS Implementation Date:


January 2021 covers Tools and Equipment and Graphics as Means of Communication
which covers the drawing aspects. Teachers (examiners) will mostly concentrate on the
identification proper use and care of Tools and Equipment. Teachers (examiners) mostly
concentrate on labeling and identifying parts or sections of drawings. A drawing will be
given to you, either an elevation of a house or a site plan. You then need to analyse the
drawings and complete the table on a sheet provided for you as an ANSWER SHEET. In
most cases the questions are straight forward and test your knowledge on drawings.
Study the drawing carefully before answering the questions. Read the notes on the
drawing as some of the questions derives from the notes and the information given in the
column on the right of the drawing.
Your knowledge on symbols is always tested whether you must know it or draw a symbol.
7

The verb “Identify” you will find in the very first couple of questions. Remember to answer
this type of questions it normally counts only one (1) mark; therefore, you only need to
give a single word response. LOOK carefully at the drawing before you answer. This can
be some of the questions that seems easy to answer but you are cautioned to read the
question before answering. DO NOT just look at the arrow and browse the question and
respond to it. Read, read, read.
The verb “Name” is also a common phenomenon and tests your knowledge in general.
Ensure that you understand the question and make use of your knowledge of the content
in the subject to answer for eg. “Name a material that can be used to manufacture the
sanitary fitting indicated by number 11.” – Here the question does not relate to any
drawing or sketch that you should know or draw but test your knowledge on materials.
You however need to know the symbol to give the answer of the material.
The last few questions normally cover a drawing and calculations to be done. In most
cases this few questions account for at least between 8-12 marks of the 25 marks. Your
knowledge and calculation skills are being tested in these questions. An example can be,
“Calculate the total square meters of the wall on the northern side of the building. Show
ALL calculations.” YOU must first determine according to the North symbol, which side is
the north elevation before you can start with your calculations.
HINT- make use of your knowledge of Engineering Graphics and Design as well as your
Mathematical skills to answer this question.
Study last year’s question 2 to familiarize yourself with how examiners can probably set this
question.

What is important to remember when answering this section:


• Tools and Equipment counts 15 marks.
• Graphics as Means of Communication counts 25 marks
• 33% of the answers needed is on the drawing itself and is in the “Notes” section.
• With this said, you should at least obtain 10 marks.
• Answer all the questions.
• DO NOT neglect to do the drawings and calculations as requested as it can count at
least 15 marks.
• Make use of your EGD knowledge to answer the drawing questions.

QUESTION 3 according to the Abridge Section 4 AMMENDMENTS Implementation Date:


January 2021 covers Quantities and Joining aspects. Teachers (examiners) will mostly
concentrate on the Calculation of quantities of the materials for a single storey building up to
wall plate and the properties, use precautions and application of adhesives.

What is important to remember when answering this section:


• Quantities counts 20 marks.
• Joining counts 10 marks
• Answer all the questions. (DO NOT leave out questions.)
• Use the images or photos presented in a question to answer it to best of your ability.
• Make use of the dimension paper to answer the question on quantities
8

Civil Technology (Woodworking)


Grade 10 Revision pack Term 1

QUESTION 1: SAFETY
1.1 FIGURE 1.1 shows some of the OHS regulations relating to personal and general
safety.

1.1.1 Which safety gear is compulsary on any building site ? (2)


1.1.2 State the most important safety regulation when using a hand tool. (1)
1.1.3 Write TWO basic safety rules that should complied to before using any (2)
power tool.
1.1.4 What should people NOT do with mobile construction machinary? (1)

1.2 Study the sign in FIGURE 1.2 and answer the questions that follow:

FIGURE 1.2

1.2.1 Where and why would this sign be placed? (2)


1.2.2 What is the colour of this sign? (1)
1.2.3 Name TWO safety regulations when storing hazardous materials. (2)
1.2.4 Explain how building material must be stacked in a workshop. (2)

1.3 Study the sign in FIGURE 1.3 and answer the questions:

FIGURE 1.3

1.3.1 Describe the reason for this sign. (1)


1.3.2 Discuss what preventative measures that can be taken by employers to (1)
prevent drug abuse of their employees?
9

1.4 Study the sign in FIGURE 1.4

FIGUUR 1.4
1.4.1 What does this sign mean? (1)

1.4.2 State TWO places at a construction site where this sign will be found. (2)

1.5 Flammable liquids have to be stored safely.

1.5.1 Give THREE regulations to which the building, where flammable liquids are (3)
stored, should comply to.

1.5.2 Name ONE safety sign that must be posted near this building. (1)

1.6 Describe how drug abuse can affect a worker. (2)

1.7 Choose a description in COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A. Write only (10)
the letter (A–M) next to the question number (1.1.1–1.1.10) in the ANSWER.

NR COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.7.1 Hard hat A Wear it while working with a grinder.
1.7.2 Overall B Non-slip boots.
1.7.3 Safety gloves C Goods must be clearly marked when they are
stored.
1.7.4 Safety boots D Causes troublesome behaviour.
1.7.5 Mixing concrete E Must be worn when working with heavy
manually objects.
1.7.6 Drowsiness F To protect your hands.
1.7.7 Visible warning signs G Is used when practical work is done in a
workshop to protect your body and clothing.
1.7.8 Good housekeeping H Is used to prevent head injuries.
1.7.9 Alcohol I Symptoms of alcohol poisoning.
1.7.10 Eye protection J Is placed on any building site.
K Increases productivity.
L Running shoes.
M Wear gumboots.

1.8 State TWO symptoms of alcohol poisoning. (2)

1.9 Give a reason why different types of hazardous material should be stored in safe, (1)
separate rooms.
10

1.10 Explain ONE measure you can take so that you will not get infected by HIV. (1)

1.11 Which THREE elements are needed to start a fire? (3)

1.12 List TWO advantages of good housekeeping in the working place. (2)

QUESTION 1: MATERIALS (GENERIC)

1.1 Choose a description from COLUMN A that matches an item in COLUMN B. Write (10)
only the letter (A–K) next to the question number (1.1.1–1.1.10) in theANSWERBOOK,
for example [1.1.10 - J.]

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.1.1 Screed A can be used for modular furniture.
1.1.2 Meranti B can be used for the galvanizing of iron.
1.1.3 Block board C can be used to finish off floors and walls.
1.1.4 Cement hollow bricks D can be used to fill gaps in the bathroom.
1.1.5 Malleable cast iron E can be used as wooden floors and skirtings.
1.1.6 Zink F can be used for low-cost housing projects.
1.1.7 Lead G can be used to make DPC and cisterns.
1.1.8 Silicon H can be used for pipe fittings and washers.
1.1.9 Translucent glass I can be used to fabricate gutters and roof
covering.
1.1.10 Polythene J can be used to make soft solder.
K can be used as windowpanes.

1.2 Use FIGURE 2.2 to answer the questions that follow:

1.2.1 Name the type of material used to manufacture these pipes. (1)

1.2.2 Give the TWO properties of this material. (2)

1.2.3 Explain how these pipes can be joined permanently. (2)


To paint the PVC glue (cement) onto it with a small brush.
11

1.3 Use FIGURE 2.3 to answer the questions that follow:

1.3.1 Name TWO types of glass used in the picture. (2)


1.3.2 What type of board could be used for the cupboards? (1)
1.3.3 Supply ONE type of alloy that might have been used for the shower door (1)
handle.
1.3.4 Since the wall is covered in tiles, which type of bricks did the builder use? (1)

QUESTION 1: MATERIALS (WOODWORKING SPESIFIC)

1.1 Study the figure of a cross section of a tree trunk and name the labels number A-I. (9)
12

1.2 Various pictures of defects in wood is illustrated below.Choose a description in (10)


COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–F) next to
the question number (1.1.1–1.1.10) in the ANSWER.
NR COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 A Live knot

1.2.2 B Waney edges.

1.2.3 C Cup shake

1.2.4 D Heart shake

1.2.5 E Star shake

1.2.6 F Dead/loose knots


13

1.3 Give a description of the following defects in wood.

1.3.1 Cup shake (3)

1.3.2 Dead/loose knots (3)

QUESTION 1: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (GENERIC)

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose
the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question number (1.1.1-1.1.5)
in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.1- B.

1.1.1 A ........ is used for compacting soil up to 150mm. (1)


A generator
B rammer
C plate compactor
D club hammer

1.1.2 A ........ is used for levelling and floating plastered walls. (1)

A wooden towel
B hand hawk
C straight edge
D plastering trowel

1.1.3 A ........ is used for cutting grooves into walls for pipes. (1)

A bolster
B comb hammer
C brick hammer
D cold chisel

1.1.4 A ........ is used for striking or removing formwork. (1)

A claw hammer
B crowbar
C cutting gauge
D cross-pein hammer

1.1.5 ........ is used for sharpening tools. (1)

A A poer screwdriver
B A rammer
C A bench grinder
D An angle grinder

(Many matching-column and multiple-choice questions are left unanswered


by learners. Learners should be encouraged to attempt to answer all these
types of questions by eliminating all the wrong answers. a good knowledge of
content will be of great help in answering these types of questions).
14

1.2 FIGURE 1.2 shows different tools:

A B C

FIGURE 1.2

1.2.1 Identify tool C and give ONE use for it. (2)

1.2.2 Write the name of the tool which measures exact angles. (1)

1.2.3 Name the tool that can be used to copy angles and transfer them to other (1)
surfaces.

1.2.4 Discuss how the telescope of tool B can be cared for. (1)

1.3 What type of safety clothing must be worn when using the equipment in.
15

QUESTION 1: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (SUBJECT SPECIFIC)

1.1 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches a picture in COLUMN A. Write
only the letter (A – 0) next to the question number (1.1.1 – 1.1.8) in the ANSWER
BOOK. Example (1.1. 9 Q)

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1.1.1
A Marking gauge

1.1.2
B Wooden mallet

1.1.3
C Try square

1.1.4
D Mortise chisel

1.1.5
E Tenon saw

1.1.6
F Claw hammer

1.1.7
G Spirit level

1.1.8 H File
16

1.2 FIGURE 1.2 shows a picture of a crosscut saw. Label part 1-5

FIGURE 1.2

1.3 FIGURE 1.3 shows a picture of a marking gauge. Label part A-E.

FIGURE 1.3
17

GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE ANSWERING OF QUESTIONS

(a) Leaners must always start each question on a new page as indicated in the instructions.
(b) Learners have difficulty expressing themselves when responding to describe/explain type
of questions. It is important for learners to explain or describe concepts in a logical
sequence, e.g., Explain how to use the multi-detector to locate objects inside a wall.
(c) Learners should be careful not giving general responses that are incorrect instead of
specific responses. E.g., learners responded by indicating that workers should wear PPE
instead of a specific item, like a hard hat.
(d) In a question that counts two marks, learners only provided one response instead of two.
Learners must be able to derive the number of facts that they should state from the mark
allocation of the question.
(e) Learners should not only rely on activities that are in the textbooks but alternative
questions on all cognitive levels for all the topics should be developed by themselves.
(f) It is recommended that learners study drawings by doing the drawing freehand until
they know all the parts and the sequence, before they start with scale drawings).

(g) It is important that all topics should be covered sufficiently by learners in order
to prepare themselves for any type of questions on a specific topic.

(h) It is important that labels should always be indicated on all drawings.

(i) Learners have difficulty explaining practical applications theoretically


18

Civil Technology (Woodworking) ANSWERS


Grade 10.Revision pack :Term 1

1.1 1.1.1 Safety boots (2)


Helmet

1.1.2 Use tool for its intended purpose. (1)

1.1.3 Ask permission to use the tool (2)


Know how to operate the tool (trained by manual)

1.1.4 Do not ride on it. (1)

1.2 1.2.1 Outside a store where hazardous materials are kept. (2)
To make sure everyone around this building are aware of the risks.

1.2.2 Yellow. (1)

1.2.3 Room must be well ventilated (2)


The door must have a threshold for spillage
Materials that can cause a spark must not be stored with it
Liquids must not be stored in close proximity
Containers must be sealed (properly closed)
No flammable materials can be stored with hazardous materials

1.2.4 Stack must not be higher than 3 times its width (2)
Stacks should be inter-linked
Stack on strong, firm flooring
Stack should not have any protruding parts
Stack should not affect ventilation, lighting, or fire-fighting equipment
Unstable stacks should be restacked immediately
Nobody should climb onto a stack-use ladders.

1.3 1.3.1 No alcohol or drugs allowed. (1)

1.3.2 Make sure workers know the law, facts, dangers, and risks about it. (1)
Check workers by testing for drugs regularly.
Make workers proud about their job environment.
Have support systems in place.

1.4 1.4.1 There is a fire extinguisher nearby. (1)

1.4.2 Outside/ close to storage areas. (2)


Close to flammable materials.
Close to hazardous materials.

1.5 1.5.1 Building must be well ventilated. (3)


Fumes should be able to circulate through a ventilation system.
Fire-proof doors that can lock.
Building must be clearly marked/NO SMOKING sign outside.
Building ust be constructed from fire-proof material.
Escape routes must be planned well.

1.5.2 No Smoking sign. (1)


19

1.6 Impaired motor function. (2)


Carelessness.
Lower level of concentration.
Lost of interest in work.
Troublesome/ disorderly behaviour/ insulting/ rude.

1.7 1.7.1 H
1.7.2 G
1.7.3 F
1.7.4 E
1.7.5 M
1.7.6 I
1.7.7 J
1.7.8 C
1.7.9 D
1.7.10 A (10)

1.8 Glassy /blood shot eyes. (2)


Breath smells.
Lower levels of concentration.
Loss of interest in work.
Disorderly behaviour.
Insulting.
No interest in work.
Interfering with other workers.
ANY TWO ANSWERS ABOVE OR ANY OTHER SUITABLE ANSWER.

1.9 Hazardous materials must be stored in safe separate (1)


room since chemicals can react with each other.

1.10 Get tested. (1)


Know your partners HIV status.
Use condoms.
Limit your sexual partners.
Get tested for HIV.
Do not inject yourself with drugs.
ANY ONE OF THE ANSWERS ABOVE OR ANY OTHER SUITABLE ANSWER

1.11 Heat (3)


Oxygen
Fuel

1.12 It eliminates clutter which may cause accidents, such as slips, trips, and falls, and
could prevent fires and explosions.
It reduces the risk of exposure to harmful materials, e.g., vapours and dust.
It improves productivity, as cleanliness and tidiness allow you to find tools easily.
The image of the company is such that everybody works towards maintaining a
well-run business. Visitors and customers will be impressed.
Accurate stock-taking of tools and materials can be done if housekeeping is in
order. Inventories will be up to date.
Work areas around machinery will always be clean. The workspace will be safe and
operating the machinery will be a pleasant experience.
ANY ONE OF THE ANSWERS ABOVE OR ANY OTHER SUITABLE ANSWER
20

QUESTION 1: MATERIALS (GENERIC)

1.1 1.1.1 C (10)


1.1.2 E
1.1.3 A
1.1.4 F
1.1.5 H
1.1.6 B
1.1.7 J
1.1.8 D
1.1.9 K
1.1.10 G

1.2 1.2.1 Polyvinyl chloride – PVC (1)


1.2.2 Can be reshaped (2)
Flexible
A solid material
Resistance against environmental elements
Good insulation properties
Not dissolved by alcohol
3rd most commonly used- readily available
1.2.3 To paint the PVC glue (cement) onto it with a small brush. (2)

1.3 1.3.1 Translucent glass. (2)


Mirror glass.
Safety glass.
1.3.2 Block board (1)
Plywood
Shutter board
1.3.3 Brass (1)
Bronze
1.3.4 Stock/common brick (1)
Cement brick/hollow

QUESTION 1: MATERIALS (WOODWORKING SPESIFIC)


1.1 1.1.1 Growth Rings (1)
1.1.2 Latewood (1)
1.1.3 Earlywod (1)
1.1.4 Ray (1)
1.1.5 Pith (1)
1.1.6 Heartwood (1)
1.1.7 Sapwood (1)
1.1.8 Vascular cambium (1)
1.1.9 Outer bark (1)

1.2 1.2.1 HEART SHAKE (1)


1.2.2 CUP SHAKE (1)
1.2.3 STAR SHAKE (1)
1.2.4 WANEY EDGES. (1)
1.2.5 DEAD/LOOSE KNOTS (1)
1.2.6 LIVE KNOT (1)
21

1.3 1.3.1 Cracks form in the same direction as growth rings. (3)
Strong winds that bend the stem cause growth rings to split.
Uneven growth can also cause this shake.

1.3.2 Occur when branches growing from the trunk are not cut off. (3)
Lateral branches die before the felled tree is sawn up.
Dark rings around a knot indicate a dead/ loose knot.
Avoid dead knots when furniture is manufactured.

QUESTION 1: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (GENERIC)

1.1 1.1.1 C
1.1.2 A
1.1.3 D
1.1.4 B
1.1.5 C

1.2.1 Basin wrench (2)

1.2.2 Dumpy level (1)

1.2.3 Sliding bevel (1)

1.2.4 Do bump/drop it. (1)


Place it in a case directly after use.
Perform the collimation test regularly.

1.3 Gumboots (1)


Rubber gloves
Glasses
Overall

QUESTION 1: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS (SUBJECT SPECIFIC)


1.1 1.1.1 Wooden mallet (1)
1.1.2 Try square (1)
1.1.3 Marking gauge (1)
1.1.4 Tenon saw (1)
1.1.5 Mortise chisel (1)
1.1.6 File (1)
1.1.7 Claw hammer (1)
1.1.8 Spirit level (1)

1.2 1. Toe (1)


2 Blade (1)
3 Handle (1)
4 Heel (1)
5 Bolts & nut (1)

1.3 A Stem (1)


B Stock (1)
C Spur (1)
D Inlay (1)
E Adjustable screw (1)

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