er UU Tai) Pere eee + OE ou Pee Cen ee Lees GETTING STARTED at th68 I'M THE HAPPIEST tt ch I'VE EVER BEEN aa READING Jp Look at the pictures. Which of the people are famous in your country? What do you know about them? Butt te ey Ceneerooeary Peorieaarreedn en Cee ats pereyiintieey etal ee Read the quotes. Which person a-f is talking about these life events? Sey 1 Cseting goats CSS es 2 Dine body getting older Myson 3 Dhow nature can tel you howto lve lite Seas 4 La healthy lifestyle 9 taking advantage of what ite offers you becoming a parent Read the quotes again, Which quotes talk about the following? 1. the way the person lives ther life 2 some kind of change in the person's life Ip Which quotes do you like the most? Why? GRAMMAR Complete the table with the inightighted ‘comparative and superlative forms from the quotes. short adj. +-er [shorter thead). +-est | the kindest adjectives a ? the —_ adjectives |adj. ~ -y + -ier [funnier theadj.--y+ | the siliest ending in y healthier -iest } the —_ Tong. ‘more+ adj. |more important |the most adj. | the most interesting adjectives —_ the regular | more+adv. |moreeasily | the mast + adv. _|the most carefully adverbs 2 the most politely Read Jane Goodall’s quote again. Match sentences 1-2 with the meanings a-b 1 Flam not as fit as | was. ‘a I haven't changed. I'm equally fit now. y fc 2 lamas fitas | was. bb ['ve changed. I'm less fit now. Now go to Grammar Focus 7A on 5 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the adjectives and adverbs in brackets. 1 Mylifeis___ than it was five years ago. (good) 5 Thisis the town I've ever lived in. (large) 2 Imthe Ive ever been. (confident) 6 Myhome is these days. (tidy) 3 Hear n when Lwas younger. (slowly) 7 | work now than | did five years ago. (hard) 4m not ass | was a year ago. (busy) 8 | speak English than I did @ year ago. (good) o! Listen and check. Practise the sentences. Ip Are the sentences in 2d true for you? Why? My life is beter than it Why? Well, have my own fot, but sill see my Reema a friends ond family ell he timeSetter Motherhood has changed everything for me, of ‘couse. malot and tm more secur. fel Co ee ed DO eae LISTENING Jp Read about two famous people. Do you know anything about them? How do you think their lives were different before they became famous? Born: 20 July, 1993, Rotorua, New Zealand. ‘Steven Adams is a professional ‘basketball player and is the frst New Zealander to be selected for the National Basketball Association (NBA) in the USA. He is 2.11 metres tall and plays for Oklahoma City Thunder. Born: 22 July, 1992, Grand Prarie, ‘Texas, USA ‘Selena Gomez is an American singer ‘and actress. She has starred in a TV ‘series and a number of fms. AS & singer, she has had top-ten hit songs and has sold milions of albums. oO! Listen to the stories of the two people, Who do you think had the most difficult time when they were young? Why? 9 Listen again and write Steven ($A), Selena (SG) or both (B) 1 C)Hershe was happy as a small child 2 []HerShe couldnt afford heathy food. 3 []Hesshe got help from ister aril. 4] HefShehad problems after asad event 5. [ HefShe stooped going to schoo 6 [J HerShe didn't become famous easy 7 [Hersh moved to a new city 8 CJ) Hesshe isnot only interested in mney. Ip Ask and answer the questions. 1 What do you think is the mast important thing that helped Steven and Selena during their difficult times? Why? 2. What other people do you know about who had a difficult startin life but became successtul? See a ee ed VOCABULARY Ip QUE Complete the sentences withthe correct forms of the phrases in the box. Listen and check. get support get paid get divorced get work get an offer 1 Selena Gomez's parents when she was five years ol. 2 Selena’s mother found it hard to ss an actress. 3 Selena from her mother at the beginning of her ce 4 Indu Steven of a place from the Pittsburgh Panthers, 5 He more than $20 milion a year. Now go to Vocabulary Focus 7A on SPEAKING Think of a person you know and put their most important and interesting life events in order on the timeline. Use expressions with get and any other events you like. [eeborn] [J | lp Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the person you chose ‘When she was 20, my mother goto place at Universiy in London. She met my father J Ask and answer the questions. Look at the life events in the box. get a place at university get engaged get married have children get rich get a job get old 1 Which ofthe ife events have you experienced? When do you think you will experience the other events? 2 Which life events do you think change people the most? How do people change?70 | DIDN'T USE TO EAT HEALTHY FOOD GB READING 4 i Look at the photographs from the 1970s. How do you think daily life was different back then? Think about the following categories. + lives of men, women and children * food and drink ind healthcare healthy living and exercise b Read sentences 1-4 about the 1970s. Do you think they are true (7) or false (F)? Compare your answers with your partner. In the 1970s, ple did ut the food they ate. 2 people didn live as long as they do today 3. people spent more time at the gym, spend time in fran computers. © Read the article. Check your answers to 1b. d Read the article again. Answer the questions. is eating too m a problem? 2 What isa change in eating habits in the UK? 3 What two improvements in medical treatment have helped people to live longer? What health problern 1970s? improved since the 5 Why has exercise and fitness become popular since the 1970s? 6 What s different no eople's everyday activity? 7 Inwhat ways can computer use be bad for our health? 8 What can we naw use to find out if we are getting enough exercise? Learn to describe health and lifestyle Ss yer eet ant TODAY People are often shocked by the unhealthy ifestyes shown in TV progres: ‘and fs ftom the 1970. But are we real any healthier than we were 50 years ago? Food and drink People dd use to wony so much ‘about the food they ate. Bock then, eople used to ata lt moc red mest. Hower ine then weve learned at too much res mea canbe bad fr your heath nthe UK, people use to prefer hie bread, bu sales of white bread have cropped by 75% and Bish people now prefer wholemeal bread. n genera Bitsh peore now et heat. but they sil ove chips! Healthcare Peon inthe UK cent use to he a Jong as they do today. Acvances in drugs and technology hav helped people to. Ive longer Wes. For example, ergs such a statin, whic over choestero! Inthe bood, mean that fewer people sufer rom heart isease. In nosoas ‘howe ato now MRI machines that can 60 inside a person's body. This means octors can have a beter understanding of heath problems. One area that has become worse i allergies. These days more people ae lero various foods than they were in the 1970s. One possible reason for hs ia lack Vitamin D because we spend less time In the sun Red meat consumption (beef) 34 ig peryear Toy = 23.5 Wg pr yar Average age at death = 73 os Today = 78 eosExercise itvas inthe 419703 that people began Gong excise regal In the begining, ‘here werent mary ftness centres, bt te rmber row because people decid they wanted to Keep lin Shape and getifit. Since then, {Bm and fness cones have become more popular and mor tan 20 millon Betish opie fp regulary 10 gym. However, n genera they fre less active in ther normal day20-y Ines than hey were inthe 1970s, For example, more poopie om aca 80 they a ot ess wating These days poopie go toa sym because they ‘eed to include a fitness programme into thelr Comfortable Meshes Technology Thee sno cout that developments in tecrnolgy have heed improve healthcare. However they have also had a negate effect en people's heath the 1970s people dnt se to Spend time In ront of @ compat tut row ey do This means they ae sting or Tong periods of time an they don't et enaveh exercise. Teo much computer use can alsa mean people have problems with ther neck, shoulders Band back because they don't st proper The Due ig fom computer seeens can cause lack sleep, so oople sulerfom sess. But itso worth remembering that people can fp onine to wate and olow ness workouts, most smartshones have heath ps and mary oople woar fines trackers tat allow them to check they geting enough exercise. Overweight adults (6 of population) 1970 = 155 Today = 40% UNIT? VOCABULARY Health collocations @ Work in pairs. Look at the [Righlighted phrases. Which do you think are about the following topics? Some can go in mare than one category. 1 food 2 exercise 3_health problems b ©EM Complete the sentences with phrases from the article. Then listen and check. 1 I have problems walking upstairs these days ~ I realy need to 2 often have sleeping problems - the next day the feel exhausted 3. In my family we have a low-cholesterol diet ~ | don't think well ever makes me 4 When | joined my gym, | got from a trainer 5 They all work 10 to 12 hours a day and they ll 6 7 we ‘to nuts and eggs — we get il f we eat them, i ‘but sometimes | eat food that’s bad for me — like chips or chocolate He stayed inside all summer and suffered from | don't want to put on weight, so | walk to work each day to we © Gp Which of the ideas in 2b are common in your country? Do you think people are generally healthy in your country? Why / Why not? © GRAMMAR used to Look at the sentences about the 1970s. Are these things the same or different today? People used to eat a lot more red meat, People used to prefer white bread. People didn't use to worry so much about the food they ate, People in the UK didnt use to live as long as they do today, 1 Look at the sentences in 3a again and complete the rules To talk about something that was different in the past, we use The negative is. + infinitive. + infinitive ¢ ©TED Pronunciation Listen to the sentences in 3a. Notice the pronunciation of used to, Does the pronunciation change in negative sentences? >> Now go to Grammar Focus 7B on p. 156 @ Complete the sentences with used to and the verbs in the box. walk be think spend not be not eat When | was 2 child, |__ to school every dey. 1 2 When | was a teenager, my parents | was lazy 3 |__ allergic to seafood, but now | am. 4 People in my country a lt of fast food, but they do now. 5 6 | more time outdoors than I do now. Healthcare in my country better than itis now. { Gp Change the sentences in 3e so they are true for you. Compare your answers with a partner. SPEAKING >> Communication 7B Work in pairs. Go to p. 133,———x 72 1C It hurts all the time AB VOCABULARY At the doctor’s a i Look at the health problems in the box. Which have you had in the last six months? backache a cold a temperature a broken leg a serious stomach ache the flu arash b Gap What do people in your country do for each of the health problems in 1a? Choose ideas from the list ‘and add more of your own ideas. + get a prescription from a doctor take pil o other medicine have some tests goto the hospital goto the chemist’ have an operation put on cream OD LISTENING @ GM OTIAR Watch or listen to Part 1. Answer the questions, 1 Why has Leo gone to the doctor? 2 When did the problem star? b BHODAN Watch or listen to Part 1 again. What ‘other information does the doctor get from Leo about his back problem? Compare your notes with a partner. © Gp Ask and answer the questions. 1 Do you ever suffer from the same health problem as Leo? 2 What causes it? 3. What treatments would you recommend? EVERYDAY ENGLISH Pee eee acd eee Ser ©) USEFUL LANGUAGE Describing symptoms a QUAI Complete the phrases with the words in the box. Then listen and check. exhausted all the time back painful get to sleep My — hurts, It's very lean't Ithurts eel b QUAM Listen again and repeat. © Make eight more phrases with 1-5 in 3a and the words in the box below. when I walk uncomfortable concentrate terrible itchy sick 1d Gig When do people get the symptoms in 3a and 3c? Talk about your ideas with a partner People feel sick me when they eat bad S re food. journeys. LISTENING a BKOLAA which treatments do you think the doctor will suggest for Leo? Put a ¥ or a X. Then watch or listen to Part 2 and check your ideas. 1 D)stay in bed 2 [Jao the things you normally do 3 Eistay inthe same positon fora longtime 4 Fao some exercise 5 Eltake pills for the pain b MM OUIAA Watch or listen again. Are sentences 1-6 true (7) or false (FY? Correct the false sentences. 1 [Leo's going to the gym a lot atthe moment. EEleo sits down a lot for his job Ceo isn't taking anything forthe pain tee has to take two pills every two hour. [Elteo shouldn't take more than 24 pills ina day. tee might need to see the doctor again in a week.UNIT7 © CONVERSATION SKILLS Showing concern and relief PRONUNCIATION Intonation for asking questions @ Look at the underlined phrases in the conversations. Which phrases show that Leo is ... 7 1. happy with what the doctor says 2 worried about what the doctor says Doctor | don't think its anything to worry about leo Phew, That's good to hear. Doctor But you shouldn't stay in bed ~ that's not going, to help. leo Oh dear, Really? Doctor | really don't think its anything to worry about Leo What a valle b QAR Listen to the phrases in 5a. How do we pronounce phew? Repeat the phrases. © GR Work in pairs. Take turns to say the sentences, Respond using the phrases in 5a, student A 1 I don't tink its serous 2 | think youl need to see another doctor. 3. You should feel beter in 48 hours. student 8 11 need you to take afew tess 2 Your fots definitely nt broken 23 think’ jst a cold, not the fu G USEFUL LANGUAGE Doctors’ questions a ©TAB Match the doctor's questions with Leo's answers. Then listen and check. 1 [1}S0, what’ the problem? 2 [When ad tis problem stat? 3 CF] Where does ithurt? 4 [Can Ihave a look? 5 [Do you do any exercise? 6 [re you taking anything forthe pain? 7 (]Do you have any allergies? About three or four days ago, b Here. This area, Yes, ve taken some aspiin No, I don think so. e sue {Wel usualy go othe gym, but! have been recently. Well my back huts. b OTAB Listen to the doctor's questions. Choose the best answer (a or b) for each question 1a Yes, ve taken some tablets. b My leg hurts. 2 a No,nctoften bb Yes, ofcourse. 3 a Igorunning. b Iwork inan ofc. 4 a Notmuch, bb I cant eat fish 5 a [feel tired althetime. bo, nothing, 6 a Ally. b About aweek ago. 7 a Whutsa lot bb Here — under my arm, 2 QTR Listen to the questions. Does the doctor's voice go up (A) or down () at the end of each question? 1 So, what's the problem? 2 When di this problem start? 3. Where does it hurt? 4 Can | have a look? Which question in 7a does the doctor already know the answer to? Complete the rule. ‘+ In questions where the speaker doesn't know the ‘answer, the voice usually goes up / down, ‘+ In questions where the speaker knows the answer, the voice usually goes up / down, © Listen to the questions in 7a again and repeat. © SPEAKING 2 2p Work in pairs. Student A: You are a doctor. Listen to your partner's health problem and give advice. Student B: Choose a health problem from the pictures ‘and explain the problem to your partner. Give details. When did ( Whats the this stor? < problem? Ihave @ Yesterdoy. After stomach ache. dinner. Butt hppens quite ofen. b 2p Swap roles. Student A: Choose a new health problem. SAU ASL ALE aU) SOO at os14 7T D SKILLS FOR WRITING romero After that, | decided to make a change Peer {= GB LISTENING AND SPEAKING 2 Gp What kinds of things do people sometimes want to change about themselves? Think of one example for each area * diet = education «mo + exercise bad habi ts © ‘relationships b ©DAM Listen to Jeff, Silvia and Lucas. What change did each person try to make? Were they successful? ¢ ODER Listen again. Complete the table. at was their problem How did the problem happen? What did they change? What was the result ofthe change? Think of something you would lke to change in your life. Make notes about the questions. 1 Whats the change? 2. Why do you want o make the ch 3. How could you maketh 4 What do you hope the result wil be? han @ Gl Work in pairs. Talk about the changes you would like to make. [think | should eat About three years ago | used to smoke and I didn’t do much exercise fees reer eee How offen do | was really unfit and | dnt fel very good about myself, so I decided, you eat it? tomake a change READING "Tobbegin With | nad to give up smoking which wasn't oo cific But then I start eating too much fastfood instead and | wasn't doing any exercise. | could breathe a bt ‘more easiy but| stil found it icult to walk upstairs or run fora bus a Sam wrote about a change he made for the Living to Change blog. Read the blog and angwer the questions. 1 What was Sam like before he made a change? What kind of exercise did he s iat was the result? 2pftertat | thought really have to 4 some exercise, When | was at secondary sco | used to enjoy running 5 thought that would be an easy way for me to get it ORE | could only run for about thirty seconds and then | had to walk. Iwas tebe. So that's how | got started —| went for walks and every b Are these sentences about Sam true (7) or false (F)? Correct the false sentences. 1. Sam felt much fitter just ater he gave up smoki 2 He started exercising before he stopped smoking, 3 He chose running because he liked it when he 4 He found it ficult to run when he started, 5 When he hurt his foot, he was happy to have @ break from running. 6 He iow thinks he might enter a race.©) WRITING SKILLS Linking: ordering events Complete the rules with the words in the box. Use the highlighted words in Sam's blog to help you. ‘to begin with after that at first after a while soon then in the end ‘To show the order of events we use or to talk about the first thing that happened. orto mean next ‘or the final action, event or result. —or__or b Which word or phrase in 3a means ... ? 1 aftera short time 2 after a longer time period © Complete the text with the words and phrases in 3a. | stopped drinking coffee. 1 . I got headaches and really missed it. (This isthe first thing that happened.) 2 | started drinking just one cup a day. (This is what happened next.) 3 . the headaches stopped (This is what happened a short time later) 4 , | slarted drinking green tea during the day. (This is what happened after a longer period of time.) 5 | orgot to make coffee in the morning one day. (This is what happened next.) 6 , | realised I didnt need cottee at all (This isthe last thing that happened.) ‘ow days | made the walk a bit longer. “Affe awhile | began feeling iter and tats when | started to run and walk But 2AM ove dy lover and burt my fot en was ug and | had to stop for about two ‘weeks. was surprised now much | mised it However, when I started again it ‘was much easier han | thought "'S00n | found | didn't need to walk any more and found | coud run further and futher. inthe ‘efid | was able to go fora 10. Ilomere run without problems. feel so much better and 'm now Panning to run a marathon next ear And instead of spending all my money on cigarettes and fast ‘ood, | spend money on gong out or buying things. UNIT 7 d Complete the text with the time linkers in the box. Use each linker once. after that soon in the end at first to begin with after 2 while then ‘About a year ago, | was walking near a river and | slipped and fell in. | couldn’t swim and | was really ‘frightened. | was lucky because a friend was there and she helped me, So I decided that | needed to learn to swim. 1, Ihated getting into the water at the swimming pool. My teacher told me to take a shower before getting in, so | was already wet. This was a good idea. 2 . found it easier to get into the water. 3 | started with very easy exercises, like putting my head underwater. | felt abit stupid. But my ‘teacher made it fun and we laughed a lot. 4 | found it easy to put my head underwater, Learning how to breathe out underwater was dificult, and it took a long time. 5 , it got easier and | made good progress. 6 , Ilearned how to swim. I'm not a great swimmer, but I'm not afraid of the water ike | used to be. And I'm a lot more careful near the river now! Gwriting You are going to write an article for the Living to Change blog. Think about a difficult change you made or something difficult you tried to do. Choose ‘one of these topics or your own idea, © health * money + education + bad habits + work ‘© relationships bb Make notes on your ideas. Use questions 1-5 to help you. 1 What did you want todo? 2 How did you start? Did your plan change? 3 What was diffcut? What was easy? 4. Did anything you didn't expect happen? 5. What happened in the end? How do you fel about it? © Use your notes to write an article about the change you made. Use time linkers to show the order of events. 1d Work in pairs. Read each other's articles. Did you write about similar topics? Did your partner use time linkers?ES WORDPOWER change Review and extension oun (Merve Vn ness Gi Wee 1 1]! ust want to change into something more comfortable 2 Ci have a citficut journey to work ~| have to change trains twice and take a bus. you've given me the wrong change -| gave you $10, not $5. (Jive changed my mind - rm going to stay in tonight [atways keep some change inthe car to pay for parking. [We usualy go shopping on Saturdays, but we're playing jootbal for a change [1 8efore my trip to Mexico, | changed some euros into ) GRAMMAR @ Complete the sentences using the comparative and superlative forms of the words. 1 Top speed: Kawasa 130 km/h, Shumika 140 kmh, THR 150 km/h The Shumika i & (fast) 2 Room price: Grand Hotel €130, Hotel Central €200, Hotel Europe €260 The Hotel Central is inthe Kawasa, but the TTR is, t b Match the words in bold in 3a with meanings a-g. Verbs the Grand Hotel, but the Hotel Europe is. expensive) ‘ 43 Speakers: Soundgped "=", MusiPro **** stan °*** a [Jeet off tain, bus o rent one The MusicPro is the Soundgood, but the Listen is > E [put diferent clothes on [exchange money for different notes or coins (good) c 4 E]make a deren decision ‘4. Number of fans in the USA: New York Yankees 24 milion Chicago Cubs 18 milion, Pittsburgh Pirates 4 milion Nouns The Chicago Cubs are the Yankees, but the © [because you want a new experience Pittsburgh Pirates are. (popular) t Elooins & L)the money a shop assistant returns to you Complete the text with the correct form of used to and the verbs in the box. © Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. plan not be buy not open nothave see ‘change trains change my mind change into keep some change the right change fora change change some money Thirty years ago, we any big supermarkets in my town, There were some small shops, and | 2 rything there. | liked it because | always ° people | knew, soit was very friendly. But it wasn't perfect - there “___a lat of, | always in my pocket x 1 ne a eae Sundey or te In 2 lusually ___ comfortable clothes when | get home in the evening, 3 I have to___on my way home. VOCABULARY 4 | usually goto the mountains, but this year 'm going on a beach holiday @ Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in 5 I think i’ better to__ before you go abroad. the box, 6 I don't often ____after Ive made a decision 7 When | buy things, | always check that the shop assistant aplace intouch on well paid to know gives me. 1 I'm going to get with an old friend this week 2 I get much more naw than in my old job. 3 dike to get__at a university in a diferent city 4. When Iwas younger, | wasn't very clase to my parents, but now we get. 5 | gat most of my close friends when | was in school 2p Which of the sentences in 3c are true for you? b Match the sentence halves. ea AU Aaa aS 1 Cg0 running twice aweck to keep a overweight 2 Em neatthy now, but used to be bona diet. 3 D]preter to exercise than go c fit 4] don't ike cats because I'm 4 weight. 5 [when study ot, often puton e allegictotnem. MEGAN. talk about life-changing events ao describe health and lifestyle changes oO talk tothe doctor C write a blog about an achievement. [i