(Physical Chemistry)
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. For a general gaseous reaction
aA(g) + bB(g) ⎯→ cC(g) + dD(g)
equilibrium constant Kc, Kp and Kx are represented by the following relations :
C D ; K
c d
PCc PDd x cC x dD
Kc = = and K =
A B paA p bB x aA x Bb
a b p x
where [A] represents molar concentration of A
PA represents partial pressure of A and P represents total pressure
xA represents mole fraction of A
On the basis of above work-up. Select write option
(A) Kp = Kc(RT) ng; Kx = Kp (RT) ng
(B) Kc = Kp(RT)– ng ; Kp = Kx Png
(C) Kc = Kx Png ; Kp = Kp Png
(D) Kc = Kp(RT) ng ; Kx = Kp(RT) ng
2. Statement-1 : An increase in pressure (caused by decrease in volume) at equilibrium results in
increase in molar concentration of each gaseous substance involved.
Statement-2 : An increase in pressure (caused by decrease in volume) at equilibrium results in
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
3. Consider the following two equilibria simultaneously established in a rigid vessel at a particular
temperature:
NH2COONH4(s) ⎯→ 2NH3 (g) + CO2(g)
CaCO3(s) ⎯→ CaO(s) + CO2 (g)
Now, on adding some amount of NH3 to the reaction vessel, the original equilibrium is disturbed
and a new equilibrium state is obtained. On comparing the following at the initial & final
equilibrium states, select the correct statement:
(A) Nothing can be said about the number of moles of CO 2 gas in reaction vessel.
(B) Nothing can be said about the number of moles of NH 3 gas in reaction vessel.
(C) Number of moles of NH3 gas would have definitely increased.
(D) Number of moles of CaCO3 solid gas would have definitely decreased.
1
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4. Consider the following reaction -
2A(s) + 3B(g) ⟶2C(g) + 2D(g)
For given reaction, graph which is followed between lnk & 1/T is-
Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect -
(A) Above reaction is exothermic
(B) On increasing temperature reaction moves forward
(C) Addition of inert gas at constant volume shift reaction in forward direction
(D) On increasing volume at constant temperature reaction moves backward
5. Consider the following equilibrium
A(g) ⟶2B(g)
and the following graph :
Select the correct statements :
(A) Effect (I) represent the removal of reactant A
(B) Effect (II) represent the insertion of inert gas at constant volume
(C) Effect (III) represent the decrease in volume of container
(D) Effect (IV) represent the addition of moles of gas 'B'
6. Phase diagram of CO2 is shown as following
73
Solid Liquid
67
P(atm) 5
1 Gas
195 217 298 304
T(K)
Based on above find the correct statement(s)
(A) 298 K is the normal boiling point of liquid CO2
(B) At 1 atm & 190 K CO2 will exist as gas.
(C) CO2(s) will sublime above 195 K under normal atmospheric pressure
(D) Melting point & boiling point of CO2 will increase on increasing pressure
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7. Consider the equilibrium
Ni(s) + 4CO(g) ⎯→ Ni(CO)4(g); Kp = 0.125 atm–3.
If equal number of moles of CO and Ni(CO) 4 (ideal gases) are mixed in a small container fitted
with a piston, find the maximum total pressure (in atm) to which this mixture must be brought
in order to just precipitate out metallic Ni ?
8. Gaseous nitrosyl chloride (NOCl) and N 2 are taken in a flask, sealed and heated to some
temperature where the total pressure would have been 1.0 bar had not the following equilibrium
been established
2 NOCl (g) ⎯→2 NO (g) + Cl2 (g)
But the actual pressure was found to be 1.2 bar. Now into the equilibrium mixture, some Cl2 gas
was introduced at constant volume and constant temperature so that the total pressure would
have been 8.3 bar had no further reaction occurred but the actual pressure was found to be 8.2
bar. Determine the equilibrium constant K P (in bar) for the decomposition reaction under the
given experimental condition
Paragraph for Question Nos. 10 to 11
Equimolar mixture of two gases A 2 and B2 is taken in a rigid vessel at temperature 300 K. The
gases react according to given equations :
A2 (g) ⎯→2A (g) ; K P1 = ?
B2 (g) ⎯→2B (g) ; K P2 = ?
A2(g) + B2(g) ⎯→2AB(g) ; Kp = 2
If the initial pressure in the container was 2 atm and final pressure developed at equilibrium is
2.75 atm in which equilibrium partial pressure of gas AB was 0.5 atm,
K P2
9. calculate the ratio of [Given : Degree of dissociation of B 2 is greater than A2].
K P1
10. Find equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction.
AB ⎯→A(g) + B(g)
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Solutions
1. (B)
2. (C)
3. (D)
NH2COONH4 (s) ⎯→2NH3(g) + CO2(g) K P1
CaCO3 (s) ⎯→ CaO(s) + CO2(g) K P2
K P2 = K CO2
K P1 = (PNH3 )2.PCO2
PCO2 and PNH3 remains constant at new equilibrium
4. (A, C, D)
5. (C, D)
6. (C, D)
7. (4)
Ni(s) + 4CO(g) ⎯→ Ni(CO)4(g)
x x
x
(p/2x)1-4 = 0.125
x4
PT = 4 atm
8. (3.2)
Let the pressure of NOCl is x
Pressure o N2 = 1 – x
2 NOCl ⎯→2 NO + Cl2
x–y y y/2
y
Total pressure = 1.2 = (1–x) + (x–y) + y +
2
0.4 = y
2NOCl ⎯→2 NO + Cl2
Pressure due to Cl2 added if there is no reaction = 0.71
NOCl ⎯→ 2NO + Cl2
x – 0.4 0.4 7.3
x – 0.2 0.2 7.2
( 0.4)( 0.2) = ( 0.2 )( 7.2 )
( x − 0.4) ( x − 0.2)
2 2
x − 0.2
=3
x − 0.4
– 0.2 + 1.2 = 3
0.5 = x
( 0.2) ( 7.2 )
2
Kp =
( 0.3)
2
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Paragraph for Question Nos. 9 to 10
9. (8.00)
10. (1.00)
Initial partial pressure of A 2 and B2 1 atm each.
1 + 1 + x + y = 2.75 x + y = 0.75 ....(1)
2z = 0.5 z = 0.25 ....(2)
2
1
2
Also
PAB
=2 2 =2
PA1 ; PB2 3 3
− x − y
4 4
(3-4x) (3-4y) = 2 ....(3)
Putting value of x from (1) in (3)
(4y) (3–4y) = 2
12y – 16y = 2
6y – 8y2 = 1
1 1
y = , y > x
2 4
( 2x ) = ( 0.5) = 0.5
2 2
1 1 P2
y= x= K P1 = A =
2 4 PA2 ( 0.75 − x ) ( 0.5 )
( 2y )
2
PB2 12 KP 4
K P2 = = = = 4 2 = 8
PB2 ( 0.75 − y ) 0.25 K P1 0.5
AB ⎯→ A(g) + B(g)
0.5 2x= 0.5 2y = 1
1
(1)
K p = = 1atm
2
1
2
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