UNIT-1

1. ALL ABOUT DATA VISUALIZATION.

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• Data visualization is a graphical representation of any data or
information.
• Visual elements such as charts, graphs, and maps are the few data
visualization tools that provide the viewers with an easy and accessible
way of understanding the represented information
• Why is data visualization important?
- Easily, graspable information
- Establish relationships
- Share
- Interactive visualization
- Intuitive, personalized, updatable

2. ALL ABOUT TABLEAU.

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• Tableau is a new age data analytics and business intelligence platform.
• Offers exibility and ease-of-use ensuring a smooth experience to the
users.
• Tableau pillars of strength are interactive dashboards quick
responsiveness, and real-time data analysis.
• Also, it offers eye-catching and simple graphics to represent your data
set pictorially.

• FEATURES OF TABLEAU:
- Tableau Dashboard
- Data Sources
- Collaboration And Sharing
- Robust Security
- Live-In Memory Data
- Mobile View

• ADVANTAGES OF TABLEAU:
- Remarkable Visual Image Capabilities
- Multiple Information Supply Connection
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 - Thriving Community And Forum
- Mobile Friendly
- High Performance
- Ease Of Use

• DISADVANTAGES OF TABLEAU:
- High Cost
- Security Problems
- Poor Versioning
- In exible Valuation
- It Help For Correct Use
- Embedment Problems
- Poor After Sales Support
- Poor Bi Capabilities

3. ALL ABOUT DIMENSION AND MEASURES.

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• DIMENSIONS:
- Dimensions are categorical data variables that help to categorize,
group, and slice the data.
- Dimensions are typically used to de ne the view’s structure and its
axes, and to create groups or hierarchies.
- Examples of dimensions in Tableau are geographical location, product
category, date, or customer segment.
- They are often discrete, which means that their values are nite and
distinct, and can be easily grouped or aggregated.
• MEASURES:
- Measures are quantitative data variables that can be measured and
analyzed mathematically.
- Examples of measures in Tableau are sales revenue, pro t, number of
customers, or temperature.
- They are usually continuous, which means that their values can take
on any numerical value within a range.
- Measures are used to populate the view with data and to perform
calculations and aggregations such as sum, average, minimum,
maximum, or count.

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 4. ALL ABOUT TABLEAU BASIC FILTERS.
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• Tableau lters are used to re ne the data that is displayed in a
visualization.
• Filters enable users to focus on a subset of the data, which can help
them to identify patterns, trends, and insights.
• Dimension Filters: Dimension lters are used to lter data based on
speci c categories or groups. For example, you can use a dimension
lter to show data for a speci c region, product category, or date
range.
• Measure Filters: Measure lters are used to lter data based on
numerical values. For example, you can use a measure lter to show
data for sales above a certain threshold, or pro ts below a certain
value.
• Context Filters: Context lters are used to improve the performance of
a visualization by reducing the amount of data that needs to be
processed. When a context lter is applied, Tableau creates a
temporary table that contains only the data that is relevant to the
lter.
• Top Filters: Top lters are used to show the top or bottom N items
based on a speci c measure. For example, you can use a top lter to
show the top 10 products by sales.
• Relative Date Filters: Relative date lters are used to lter data based
on a relative date range, such as the last 7 days, last month, or last
year.
• User Filters: User lters are used to allow users to lter the data
based on their speci c needs. User lters can be created using a
variety of data types, such as strings, dates, and numbers.

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5. ALL ABOUT PIE CHARTS.
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• Pie charts are typically used when you want to show how a single data
set is divided into different parts or categories.
• They can be effective for displaying relative proportions of data in a
visually appealing and easy-to-understand way.
• Some common use cases for pie charts include:
- Sales distribution: showing the percentage of sales that come from
different products or regions.
- Budget allocation: showing how a budget is allocated to different
departments or expenses.
- Survey results: showing the percentage of respondents who gave
different answers to a survey question.
- Demographic data: showing the percentage of a population that falls
into different age ranges or income brackets.
• Pie charts are a popular type of data visualization used to show
proportions or percentages of a whole.
• To create a pie chart in Tableau, you rst need to have a dataset that
includes a dimension and a measure.
• To create a pie chart in Tableau, follow these steps:
1. Connect to your dataset in Tableau and drag the dimension you
want to use for your pie chart to the "Columns" shelf.
2. Drag the measure you want to use for your pie chart to the
"Rows" shelf.
3. Change the "Marks" type from "Automatic" to "Pie" by clicking
on the dropdown menu in the "Marks" card and selecting "Pie.

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6. ALL ABOUT LINE CHARTS.
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• Line charts are often used to display trends or changes over time.
• They are a great tool for vizualizing data that has continuous,
quantitative values along an axis, such as time, temperature, or stock
prices.
• Some common scenarios where line charts might be useful include:
• Tracking stock prices over time
• Displaying changes in temperature over the course of a day or year
• Examining trends in website traf c or sales over time
• Showing the growth or decline of a population over time
• Analysing changes in public opinion or political polling data over time

7. ALL ABOUT HISTOGRAM CHARTS.

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• Histograms are useful in situations where we want to understand the
distribution of a numerical variable.
• Histograms are a way of vizualizing the frequency distribution of a
continuous or discrete variable by dividing the range of the data into
intervals (bins) and then plotting the number of data points that fall
into each bin.
• Here are some situations where histograms are particularly useful:
1. Understanding the distribution of a continuous variable:
Histograms can help you understand the shape of a distribution,
including its center, spread, and any skewness or bimodality.
2. Identifying outliers: By vizualizing the distribution of a variable,
outliers can be easily identi ed as values that fall outside the
expected range.
3. Comparing distributions: When you have two or more groups or
populations and want to compare their distributions, histograms
can help you identify differences in shape, center, and spread.
4. Exploring patterns in large datasets: When you have a large
dataset and want to understand the underlying patterns,
histograms can provide a quick and easy way to get an overview
of the distribution of a variable.
• Overall, histograms are a useful tool for exploring and analyzing
numerical data, particularly when you want to understand the
distribution of a variable.

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 UNIT-2
8. ALL ABOUT BIVARIATE CHARTS.
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• A bivariate chart is a graphical representation of two variables that
are measured on a single set of data.
• It displays the relationship between the two variables by plotting their
values on a two-dimensional coordinate system.
• There are several types of bivariate charts, including scatter plots, line
charts, and bubble charts
• Bivariate charts are useful in identifying patterns and relationships
between two variables.
• They are commonly used in various elds such as economics, social
sciences, and business, among others, to analyze data and understand
the relationship between variables.
• Bivariate charts are used to visualize the relationship between two
variables.
• There are many types of bivariate charts, each with its own strengths
and weaknesses depending on the type of data being analyzed and the
research question being addressed.

9. ALL ABOUT SCATTER PLOTS.

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• Scatter plots are useful for visually exploring the relationship between
two variables.
• They are often used in data analysis to identify patterns or trends in
the data, to detect outliers or anomalies, and to determine whether
two variables are correlated.
• Here are some reasons why scatter plots are required:
- Identify patterns or trends: Scatter plots help to identify patterns
or trends in the data that may not be obvious from looking at raw
data. For example, a scatter plot can show whether there is a linear
relationship between two variables or whether the relationship is
more complex.
- Determine correlation: Scatter plots help to determine the
correlation between two variables. If the points on the scatter plot
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 form a clear linear pattern, it suggests that the two variables are
positively or negatively correlated.
- Detect outliers: Scatter plots help to detect outliers or anomalies in
the data. Outliers are data points that are signi cantly different
from the majority of the data, and they can have a signi cant
impact on the analysis.
- Communicate insights: Scatter plots can be used to communicate
insights to others. They are easy to understand and can be used to
illustrate complex relationships between two variables.
- Make predictions: Scatter plots can be used to make predictions
about future values of one variable based on the values of the other
variable. This can be useful in a variety of elds, such as nance,
economics, and environmental science.

10. ALL ABOUT BULLET CHARTS.

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• A bullet chart is an advanced sort of bar chart where we can compare
two measures on a single bar.
• In a bullet chart, the primary measure is shown by the main dark bar
on the front and the secondary measure is shown beneath the main
bar as a reference line.
• A Bullet Chart is a type of data visualization that is used to display
progress toward a goal or target.
• It is a variation of the bar chart and includes additional information
such as comparative performance measures, making it useful for data
analysis and decision-making.
• Here are some analyses that can be done using a bullet chart:
- Performance analysis: Bullet charts can be used to compare actual
performance with the set target. This helps to identify areas of
success and areas that need improvement.
- Comparative analysis: Bullet charts can be used to compare multiple
groups or categories against each other. This helps to identify which
groups or categories are performing better or worse.
- Trend analysis: By plotting multiple bullet charts over time, it is
possible to track performance trends and identify patterns and
changes in performance.
- Gap analysis: Bullet charts can be used to identify the difference
between the current performance and the desired target. This helps
to identify areas that need improvement.

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 - Forecasting: By analyzing past performance data, bullet charts can
be used to forecast future performance and set targets accordingly.
Overall, bullet charts provide a clear and concise way of displaying
data, making it easier to analyze and make decisions.

11. ALL ABOUT AREA CHARTS.

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• Area charts in Tableau show relationships between different aspects or
dimensions in a data set.
• This relationship is shown as the proportion of totals or percentage of
certain data values.
• The comparison between different dimensions and values can be made
by analyzing the area under each line and how does it vary with time.
• Area charts are a type of data visualization that is used to display
quantitative data over time, and they are similar to line charts.
• In area charts, the area between the horizontal axis and the line is
lled with color, creating a visual representation of the data.
• Trend analysis: Area charts can be used to track changes in data over
time, making it easy to identify trends, patterns, and uctuations.
• Comparison analysis: Multiple area charts can be overlaid to compare
changes in data for different categories or groups.
• Proportion analysis: The area between the line and the horizontal axis
can represent the proportion of the data for a given period, making it
easier to compare and understand how different categories or groups
are contributing to the overall trend.
• Forecasting: By analyzing past data trends in an area chart, it can be
used to forecast
future trends and estimate future performance.
• Identi cation of outliers: Any unusual changes in the data or anomalies
can be quickly identi ed with an area chart, indicating any sudden
increase or decrease in the trend.
• Overall, area charts can be used to visualize and analyze data over
time, making it easier to identify patterns, trends, and uctuations.

12. ALL ABOUT GANTT CHARTS.

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• Gantt charts are a popular tool for project management and are used
to visualize the timeline of a project's tasks and activities .
• Here are some situations where Gantt charts are commonly used:
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 - Project planning: Gantt charts are often used during the project
planning phase to map out the tasks required to complete the
project and the time required for each task.

- Project tracking: Gantt charts are also useful for tracking project
progress by showing which tasks have been completed and which
tasks are still outstanding.

- Resource allocation: Gantt charts can help with resource allocation

by showing when speci c resources are needed and for how long,
allowing managers to plan and allocate resources more effectively.

- Schedule management: Gantt charts can help to manage project

schedules by identifying potential delays or scheduling con icts and
allowing for adjustments to be made.

- Communication: Gantt charts can be used to communicate project

timelines and progress to stakeholders, team members, and clients,
making it easier for everyone to stay on the same page.

13. ALL ABOUT HEAT MAPS.

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• A density heat map is used to analyze the areas in a plot where data
points are dense or scattered.
• Heat maps are speci cally used where there is a huge data set with
overlapping data values.
• This helps analysts to see the areas with greater density and discover
data trends.
• Here are some common types of analysis that can be done using a
heat map:
- Spatial Analysis: Heat maps can be used to analyze geographic
data,.By vizualizing data on a map, patterns can be identi ed and
used to inform decision-making.
- User Behavior: Heat maps can be used to analyze user behavior on
websites or apps.
- Marketing Analysis: Heat maps can be used to analyze marketing
data, such as the effectiveness of email campaigns or the
performance of different ad placements.

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 - Financial Analysis: Heat maps can be used to analyze nancial data,
such as stock market performance or company revenues.
- Scienti c Analysis: Heat maps can be used to analyze scienti c data,
such as gene expression or protein interactions.

14. ALL ABOUT CREATING FACETS.

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• Facets are one of the powerful features in Tableau.
• These charts show the same measure(s) across various values of one or
two variables for easier comparison.
- Comparison: Facets allow you to compare different subgroups or
categories of data side-by-side. For example, you can use facets to
compare sales by region or product category.
- Trend analysis: You can use facets to analyze trends over time or
across different dimensions. For example, you can use facets to see
how sales have changed over time in different regions.
- Outlier detection: Facets can help you identify outliers or unusual
patterns in the data. For example, you can use facets to see if there
are any unusual sales patterns in a particular product category or
customer segment.
- Correlation analysis: You can use facets to explore correlations
between different dimensions or measures. For example, you can use
facets to see if there is a correlation between sales and advertising
spend in different regions.
- Forecasting: Facets can be used to create forecasts for different
subgroups or categories of data. For example, you can use facets to
create a forecast for sales in different regions.
• Overall, facets are a powerful tool for exploring and visualizing data,
and can be used to perform a wide range of analyses in Tableau.

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