TANZANIA HEADS OF ISLAMIC SCHOOLS COUNCIL

FORM SIX INTER ISLAMIC MOCK EXAMINATION

132/1 CHEMISTRY 1

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours Tuesday 1st March 2022 a.m.

Instructions

1. This paper consists of 10 questions in sections A and B.

2. Answer all questions in section A and two (2) questions from section B.
3. Each question carries ten (10) marks in section A and fifteen (15) marks in section B.
4. Mathematical tables and non-programmable calculators may be used.
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
6. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).
7. Four your calculations you may use the following:
 Rydberg’s constant, Rh = 1.09678x107m-1
 Gas constant, R = 8.31Jmol-1k-1 or 0.0821atmmol-1k-1dm3
 GMV = 22.4dm3
 1 litre = 1000cm3 = 1dm3
 Standard temperature = 273k
 Standard pressure = 760mmHg  1.0x105N/m2 = 1 atm.
 Plank’s constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34Js
 Velocity of light , c = 3.0x108m/s
 Mass of electron = 9.11x10-31kg
 Atomic masses:
H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, Cl = 35.5, k = 39, S=32,
Ca = 40, Al=27, Mg=24, Fe=56, Ag = 108

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 SECTION A: (70 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

1. (a) Sketch the shapes of the three p-orbitals on a single set of Cartesian co- ordinate axes.
[03 marks]
(b) With the help of ground state electronic configuration of the element Cr (z=24), deduce the
possible values of all the four quantum number for the 19th electron of Cr.
[03 marks]
(c) One of the lines in the Balmer series of the hydrogen atom emission spectrum is at 397nm. It
results due to a transition from an upper energy level to n=2; what is the principal quantum
number of the upper level? [04 marks]

2. (a) What are the two requirements for hydrogen bond to be formed? [02 marks]
(b) By using the Valence shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR), explain how the shapes of these
simple molecules arise? (Diagrams are not required)
BF3, CH4 and SF6 [06 marks]
(c) Briefly explain why ethanol is soluble in water while other hydrocarbons are not?
[02 marks]
3. (a) State the following:
(i) Avogadro’s law
(ii) Dalton’s law of partial pressure
(iii) Graham’s law [03 marks]
(b) (i) Under what conditions do real gas fail to obey ideal behaviour? [02 marks]
(ii) Briefly explain why beyond certain temperature, gases cannot be liquefied?
[01 mark]
(c) Equal volumes of two gases X and Y diffuse through porous pot in 10 and 20 second
respectively. If the molar mass of X is 80. Find the molar mass of Y.
[04 marks]

4. (a) Nicotine which is extracted from tobacco leaves is completely immiscible with
water at temperature below 60oC.

(i) What is the molality of nicotine in aqueous solution that start freezing at -0.45oC, given
that Kf of water is 1.86ocm-1 [02 marks]

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 (ii) If this solution is obtained by dissolving 1.9210g of nicotine in 48.92g of water. What
will be the molar mass of nicotine? [02 marks]

(b) Briefly explain the following:

(i) Freezing point depression of 0.1m NaCl solution is nearly twice that of 0.1m glucose
solution. [02 marks]

(ii) The vapour pressure of an aqueous solution of sugar is lower than that of pure water.
[02 marks]

(iii) Molality of solution differs from its molarity. [02 marks]

5. (a) Propane is a common fuel used in the school laboratory. The heats of combustion
of propane, carbon and hydrogen are given below:

C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(l) H 1q = -2220KJmol-1

C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) H q2 = -393.5kJmol-1

H2(g) + ½ O2(g) H2O(l) H q3 = -285.8kJmol-1

Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of propane. [05 marks]

(b) When 100cm3 1M KOH and 100cm3 of 1M HCl were mixed in calorimeter, temperature rose
by 6.25k. Given that the heat capacity of the calorimeter was 95Jk-1 and specific heat capacity
of the solution mixture was 4.2J/gk, calculate the standard enthalpy of neutralization. Assume
that the density of the solution is equal to the density of water.
[05 marks]

6. (a) At 488k the equilibrium constant (Kp) for the reaction

COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g) is 2 x 10-6 atm.

(i) Assume that the total pressure at equilibrium is P and the degree of dissociation of
COCl2 is , deduce the relationship between Kp,  and P. [03 marks]

(ii) Calculate the degree of dissociation at 1atm pressure, assuming the temperature and
pressure remains constant. [02 marks]

(b) Hydrogen gas can be obtained from natural gas by partial oxidation with steam. This involves
the following endothermic reaction:

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 CH4(g) + 3H2O(g) CO(g) + 3H2(g) H= +X kJmol-1.

Explain how will the value of Kp be affected by:

(i) Increasing the pressure

(ii) Increasing the temperature
(iii) Applying catalyst [03 marks]

(c) Briefly explain what happens to the equilibrium position when:

(i) Equilibrium quotient (c) is less than equilibrium constant (Kc) of the reaction.
[01 mark]

(ii) Equilibrium quotient (c) is greater than equilibrium constant (kc) for the reaction.
[01 mark]

7. (a) Alkyl chlorides are alkyl halides which are said to bring some hazardous effects
to the environment; briefly explain by naming the effects they cause to the environment
[02 marks]

(b) Write the structure of the following named organic compounds:

(i) 2-bromo-2-chlorobutane

(ii) 1-bromo -4- chloro but -2-yne

(iii) 1-bromo-1-chloro-1, 2, 2-trifluoro ethane

(iv) 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, - hepatachloro propane [04 marks]

(c) If a few drops of bromine are added to hexane a deep red solution is formed. No reaction
occurs if the mixture is kept in dark, but in sunlight the red colour slowly disappears and a
misty gas is given off.

(i) Why does the reaction only occur in sunlight? [01 mark]

(ii) Give the mechanism for this reaction, starting from initiation, propagation and
termination stages. [03 marks]

SECTION B: (30 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions in this section

8. (a) Chalk (calcium carbonate) is found in many areas as white rock which is insoluble in water

(i) Write a balanced equation to show how chalk breaks up when heated.

[02 ½ marks]

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 (ii) Write a balanced equation to show how the solid product in part (i) reacts with water.
[02 ½ marks]

(b) Briefly explain the following phenomena:

(i) An hydrous magnesium chloride cannot be prepared from thermal decomposition of

hydrated magnesium chloride (MgCl2.7H2O). [01 mark]

(ii) Beryllium halides exist as dimmers in vapour phase while calcium halides does not.
[01 mark]

(iii) Li2CO3 decompose at lower temperature whereas Na2CO3 decompose at higher

temperature. [01 mark]

(iv) A solution of Na2CO3 is alkaline. [01 mark]

(c) Form five students were in the laboratory preparing some chemical substances including salts
by using different approaches, you as a form six student, how can you help them to prepare the
listed chemical substances by applying the methods instructed in the brackets.

(i) BaSO4 (precipitation method) [02 marks]

(ii) Al2O3 (Indirect method) [02 marks]

(iii) NaOH (Direct method). [02 marks]

9. (a) (i) What do you understand by the term “Incineration”. [01 mark]

(ii) Incineration in the environment is said to have both merits and demerits. Justify this
statement by using two points in each. [04 marks]

(b) What are the harmful effects of photochemical smog and how can they be controlled? Give two
effects and two measures. [02 marks]

(c) (i) Mr. Juma consulted agricultural officer on the proper growth of his crops, the officer

advised him on the use of manure over fertilizers. Why do you think he advised so?
(Use four points to support his advice).

(ii) A soil sample collected from a certain farm was found to contain:

Mg2+ = 5.00meq/100g of oven-dry soil

Ca2+ = 10.00meq/100g of oven-dry soil

Na+ = 1.00meq/100g of oven-dry soil

K+ = 1.50meq/100g of oven-dry soil

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 Mn2+ = 0.50meq/100g of oven-dry soil

H+ = 12.00meq/100g of oven-dry soil

Al3+ = 2.00meq/100g of oven-dry soil

If the cation exchange capacity of soil is 24meq/100g of oven-dry soil, calculate the
percentage base saturation. [04 marks]

10. (a) 2-bromopropane, CH3 – CH – CH3, reacts with KOH to form different products.

Br
One product formed by elimination reaction while the other is formed by a substitution
reaction. For each type of reaction, suggest the conditions mostly likely to lead to that type of
reaction. [03 marks]
(b) Predict the products of reactions between the following pairs:

(i) CH3CH2CH2Br and NH3

(ii) CH2Br and KCN

Br

(iii) CH3 C CH3 and CH3O- Na+

Br

(iv) CH3CH2Cl and Li AlH4 [06 marks]

(c) With the help of chemical equations, show how you will convert the following in two steps:

(i) 2-bromopropane to 1-bromopropane

(ii) 1-bromo propane to 2-bromopopane

(iii) Propan -1 ol to 2-bromopropane [06 marks]

Wabillah Tawfiiq

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