I n [ ] : = (*01*)

A = {{1, 2, 3, 4}, {2, 4, 6, 8}, {1, 1, 1, 1}};

I n [ ] : = (*i*)
rank = MatrixRank[A]
O u t [ ] =

I n [ ] : = nullity = Dimensions[A]〚2〛 - rank

O u t [ ] =

(*ii*)

I n [ ] : = nullspace = NullSpace[A]
O u t [ ] =

{{2, - 3, 0, 1}, {1, - 2, 1, 0}}

I n [ ] : = (*iii*)
rank
O u t [ ] =

I n [ ] : = nullity
O u t [ ] =

I n [ ] : = Dimensions[A]〚2〛
O u t [ ] =

(*rank+nullity=dimension*)

I n [ ] : = (*02*)
A1 = {{4, 1, 0}, {0, 3, 0}, {0, 0, 2}};

I n [ ] : = eigenvalue = Eigenvalues[A1]
O u t [ ] =

{4, 3, 2}

I n [ ] : = D1 = DiagonalMatrix[eigenvalue]

O u t [ ] =

{{4, 0, 0}, {0, 3, 0}, {0, 0, 2}}

I n [ ] : = eigenvector = Eigenvectors[A1]
O u t [ ] =

{{1, 0, 0}, {- 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}}

I n [ ] : = P = Transpose[eigenvector]
O u t [ ] =

{{1, - 1, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}}

2 assignment-04(new).nb

I n [ ] : = P.D1.Inverse[P]
O u t [ ] =

{{4, 1, 0}, {0, 3, 0}, {0, 0, 2}}

(*A1 is diagonalizable*)

I n [ ] : = MatrixForm[D1]
O u t [ ] / / M a t r i x F o r m =
4 0 0
0 3 0
0 0 2

I n [ ] : = MatrixForm[P]
O u t [ ] / / M a t r i x F o r m =
1 -1 0
0 1 0
0 0 1

(*03*)
(*i*)
T[f_] := D[f, x];

I n [ ] : = basis = {1, x, x ^ 2};

I n [ ] : = T[basis]
O u t [ ] =

{0, 1, 2 x}

I n [ ] : = rm = Transpose[{{0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 2, 0}}] // MatrixForm

O u t [ ] / / M a t r i x F o r m =
0 1 0
0 0 2
0 0 0

I n [ ] : = (*ii*)
Eigenvalues[rm]
Eigenvectors[rm] // MatrixForm
O u t [ ] =
0 1 0
Eigenvalues 0 0 2 
0 0 0
O u t [ ] / / M a t r i x F o r m =
0 1 0
Eigenvectors 0 0 2 
0 0 0

(*04*)

(*a*)

I n [ ] : = var = {x, y, z, t};

 assignment-04(new).nb 3

I n [ ] : = cof = {{3, 4, 1, 2}, {5, 7, 1, 3}, {4, 5, 2, 1}, {7, 10, 1, 6}};

I n [ ] : = con = {9, 11, 8, 10};

I n [ ] : = detA3 = Det[cof];

I n [ ] : = If[detA3 ≠ 0, solcramer = Table[tem = cof;

tem〚All, i〛 = con;
Det[tem] / detA3, {i, 1, Length[var]}]]

I n [ ] : = (*no solution*)
cof1 = {{3, 4, 1, 2}, {5, 7, 1, 3}, {4, 5, 2, 1}, {7, 10, 1, 6}};

I n [ ] : = con1 = {9, 11, 8, 10};

Det[cof1]
O u t [ ] =

(*no solition*)

(*Inverse[cof1]*con1*)

I n [ ] : = (*b*)
augmented = Join[cof1, Transpose[{con1}], 2]

O u t [ ] =

{{3, 4, 1, 2, 9}, {5, 7, 1, 3, 11}, {4, 5, 2, 1, 8}, {7, 10, 1, 6, 10}}

I n [ ] : = RowReduce[augmented]
O u t [ ] =

{{1, 0, 3, 0, 0}, {0, 1, - 2, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1}}

I n [ ] : = (*05*)
(*i*)
A2 = {{2, - 1, 0}, {- 1, 2, - 1}, {0, - 1, 2}};

I n [ ] : = i = {{1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}};

I n [ ] : = b = l*i
O u t [ ] =

{{l, 0, 0}, {0, l, 0}, {0, 0, l}}

I n [ ] : = Det[A2 - b]
O u t [ ] =

4 - 10 l + 6 l2 - l3

I n [ ] : = (*ii*)
Solve4 - 10 l + 6 l2 - l3  0, l
O u t [ ] =

{l  2}, l  2 - 2 , l  2 + 2 
4 assignment-04(new).nb

I n [ ] : = (*iii*)
4 * i - 10 * MatrixPower[A2, 1] + 6 * MatrixPower[A2, 2] - MatrixPower[A2, 3]
O u t [ ] =

{{0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0}}

I n [ ] : = (*iv*)
1
inverseofA2 = * (10 * i - 6 * MatrixPower[A2, 1] + MatrixPower[A2, 2])
4
O u t [ ] =
3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3
 , , ,  , 1, ,  , , 
4 2 4 2 2 4 2 4

I n [ ] : = (*v*)
eigen1 = Eigenvectors[A2]
O u t [ ] =

1, - 2 , 1, {- 1, 0, 1}, 1, 2 , 1

I n [ ] : = P3 = Transpose[eigen1]
O u t [ ] =

{1, - 1, 1}, - 2 , 0, 2 , {1, 1, 1}

I n [ ] : = (*vi*)
inv = Inverse[P3]
O u t [ ] =
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 , - , , - , 0, ,  , , 
4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4

I n [ ] : = P3.inv
O u t [ ] =

{{1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}}

I n [ ] : = (*vii*)
eigenv = Eigenvalues[A2]
O u t [ ] =

2 + 2 , 2, 2 - 2

I n [ ] : = D2 = DiagonalMatrix[eigenv]
O u t [ ] =

2 + 2 , 0, 0, {0, 2, 0}, 0, 0, 2 - 2 

I n [ ] : = Inverse[P3].A2.P3
O u t [ ] =

1 1 1 1 1 1
1 + - 2 - - , 0, 1 + + 2 - - ,
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
{0, 2, 0}, 1 - - 2 - + , 0, 1 - + 2 - + 
2 2 2 2 2 2
 assignment-04(new).nb 5

(*elementary problem*)
(*00,0*)
(*i*)
A5 = {{4, 5, 2}, {5, 2, 3}, {2, 7, 4}};

I n [ ] : = Minors[A5]
O u t [ ] =

{{- 17, 2, 11}, {18, 12, 6}, {31, 14, - 13}}

I n [ ] : = cofector = Transpose[Inverse[A5] * Det[A5]]

O u t [ ] =

{{- 13, - 14, 31}, {- 6, 12, - 18}, {11, - 2, - 17}}

I n [ ] : = (*ii*)
Transpose[A5]
O u t [ ] =

{{4, 5, 2}, {5, 2, 7}, {2, 3, 4}}

I n [ ] : = (*iii*)
Dimensions[A5]
Det[A5]
Diagonal[A5]
Tr[A5]
O u t [ ] =

{3, 3}
O u t [ ] =

- 60
O u t [ ] =

{4, 2, 4}
O u t [ ] =

10

I n [ ] : = (*iv*)
Det[A5]
O u t [ ] =

- 60

I n [ ] : = Inverse[A5]
O u t [ ] =
13 1 11 7 1 1 31 3 17
 , ,- ,  ,- , , - , , 
60 10 60 30 5 30 60 10 60
6 assignment-04(new).nb

I n [ ] : = (*v*)
Eigenvalues[A5]
Eigenvectors[A5]
O u t [ ] =

 11.1… , -2.96… , 1.82… 

O u t [ ] =

 0.829… , 0.782… , 1,  0.537… , -1.15… , 1,  -0.595… , -0.141… , 1

I n [ ] : = (*vi*)
MatrixPower[A5, 3] + MatrixPower[A5, 2] + MatrixPower[A5, 1]
O u t [ ] =

{{511, 579, 379}, {491, 528, 365}, {599, 705, 467}}

I n [ ] : = (*00.1*)
A6 = {{4, 1, - 2}, {0, 3, 1}, {0, 0, 3}};

I n [ ] : = D4 = DiagonalMatrix[Eigenvalues[A6]]
O u t [ ] =

{{4, 0, 0}, {0, 3, 0}, {0, 0, 3}}

I n [ ] : = P4 = Transpose[Eigenvectors[A6]]

O u t [ ] =

{{1, - 1, 0}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0}}

I n [ ] : = P4.D4.Inverse[P4]

I n [ ] : = (*not diagonalizable*)
JordanDecomposition[A6]
O u t [ ] =

{{{- 1, 1, 1}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0}}, {{3, 1, 0}, {0, 3, 0}, {0, 0, 4}}}