ʾ, ʾʾ, ʿ

<ʾʾ> /ā/ interj., a mode of address, expressing the vocative, wonder, grief, etc.

cf. Pers. ‘Ah!, als!’ It translates Syr. ̄‫‘ ܐܘ‬O(h)!’, ‫‘ ܐܘ‬Oh!, woe!’, ‫‘ ܐܘܗ‬Ah!, alas!’. <ʾʾβγ> /ā-βaγ/
‘Oh (my) lord’. <ʾʾ čn čʾfʾ> is for Syr. ‫‘ ܐܘܗ̄ܡܢܟ‬out upon thee’ (C <ʾʾ čn čʾfʾ nʾčrʾyqʾ qy xšdʾry wyspw
mrtxmy qw xypϑ γryw sʾr>). C <ʾʾ gywrgys qy ϑbrdʾry rwxšnyʾq qw qwrt sʾr qt wynnt>. See <ʾʾy>

<ʾʾ> /ā°/ adv., prev. (imperf. /mā°/)

< *ā-, Av. ā adv. ‘hither, in this direction; up to, towards’ used as preverb (for example, in ā-kasa- ‘to
look at’), Skt. ā́ , OPers. ā, Pers. ā°, Bactr. α°, Khot. ā°, Osset. a°. See <ʾʾβr>, <ʾʾfryn>, <ʾʾγ(ʾ)yδ>,
<ʾʾγʾz>, <ʾʾγwnt>, <ʾʾzy>, <ʾʾny>, <ʾʾyβs>

<-ʾ> (<-ʾkh>, <-h>) /-ā/ suffix forming feminine nouns

< *-ākā-. See <ʾtsyʾkh>, <δʾmʾ>, <γrδʾkh>, <swčʾkh>, <šmʾrʾkh>

<-ʾ> /-ā, -á/ euphonic vowel

See <ʾβtʾ>, <ʾštʾ>, <čʾrδʾpʾδʾk>, <kβtʾ prš>, <šwkʾčšmy>

<-ʾ> (<-(ʾ)h>) /-ā/ the final chant syllable ā is added to nominal and verbal forms to
balance the cadence in a verse.

We find it in Parthian poems too. See <mwrtʾ>, <pwṭykʾh>

<(ʾ)β>, (ʾ)βy> /ǝβ°, β(ǝ)°/ adv., prev.-prep. ‘to, towards, over to’ (imperf. <βʾ>
/βā°/)

< *abi (*abhi < *h2ṃbhí), Av. aiβi, aoi, avi/ G aibī, OPers. abiy, Skt. abhí, Pers. ab°, ā°, Parth. aβ°,
Bact. αβ°, αβα°, αβο°, Khot. by°, bä°, Yaγn. vi°. See <βtrng>, <βyr: βyrt>, <βyδʾn>, <βywn>, <βtrynč:
βtrγt->, <byʾm>, <βyʾrʾk>

C <ʾb>

From Syr. ‫(‘ ܐܒ‬the month) Ab’.

<ʾb> see <ʾʾp>

<ʾʾβ[ >

So 12600II r1

<ʾʾβʾ> title, pr.n. m. ‘father, ʾAbbā’

Aram. ʾbʾ, Syr. ‫ܐܒܐ‬, Arab. ‫ااب‬.

<ʾβʾ> see <βw->

<ʾʾbʾnč> see <ʾʾpʾnč>

<ʾʾβʾrβ> /āβarβ/ ‘drawing (hook)’

< *ā-barba- ‘leading thing’ to draw a being onwards’. It corresponds with Skt. aṅkuśá- ‘hook’,
translates Chin. 鉤 /gōu/. <ʾʾβrʾxsʾk ʾʾβʾrβ> ‘hook of desire’: 欲鉤 (<rtyšn pyrnmstr čʾwn ʾʾβʾrxsʾk ʾʾβʾrβ
sʾr xršt>).

<ʾʾβʾrxsʾk> see <ʾʾβrxsʾk>

<ʾβʾtyr> see <βtyr>

<ʾβʾs> see <nywʾβʾs>

<ʾʾβʾstʾk> (<ʾʾβʾstk>) /āβastē/ adj. (perfect ptc.) ‘connected, attached, tied’

<γrδʾkh ʾʾβʾstk>. See <ʾnβʾstʾk>

<ʾʾβʾyč> see <ʾʾβyč>

<ʾʾβʾyr> (<ʾʾβyr>) /āβir/ intr. ‘to be brought’

< *ā-bǝri̯ a-. <mʾβyr> /māβir/ imperf. 3sg. (<MN δpʾx kw ʾnwtč mʾβyr>), also <ʾʾβ(ʾ)yr> /āβir/
imperf. 3sg. (<rtβγ MN xwβ wʾnkw prmʾnh ʾʾβyr > ‘and, sir, it was delivered such an order from the
sovereign’. <rty ʾʾβyr MN ʾxsyknδh čtβʾrnymkw pδnyh ḤʾMRH>. <rty šn βwδʾntʾkw smʾʾδn ʾʾph
ʾʾβʾyr>. <rtβγ [ ] nʾmkw ʾʾβyr>). <ʾʾβyrʾnt> /āβirand/ imperf. 3pl. (<rty ʾʾyt čymyδ wytʾkt kyZY MN
mδmyh ʾʾβyrʾnt 15 wytʾk kw kwmyh sʾr pr ʾrspn prmʾnh rγzyzynʾkt>). See <ʾʾβr>

<ʾβčʾmpδ> see <ʾβčʾnpδ>

<ʾβčʾnpδ> (<ʾβčnpδ>, <ʾβč(ʾ)mpδ>, <βč(ʾ)npδ>, M <(ʾ)fčmbδ>, <ʾfčmpδ>, C

From (Gershevitch) *frasčambambad < *fra-sčambana-pada- ‘place of support’, or, from (Humbach)
*hapta ‘seven’ and *žanpaδ < Skt. janapada- ‘nation, inhabited country’, cf. Av. fra-skǝmba- m.
‘supporting beam; porch, hall’, fra-scimbana- nt. ‘beam’. (Sims-Williams: a corruption of Skt.
jambudvīpa-). It corresponds with Skt. loká- m., Parth. šahr, and translates Chin. 世 /shì/. <yʾnʾkh
ʾβčʾnpδh> ‘this world’. M <wʾ mʾnʾ ʾfčmbδδ> ‘this world’. <RBkw rwxšnʾ βčʾnpδ> ‘great luminous
world’. <čtβʾr ʾβčʾnpδ> ‘four worlds’ is for Chin. 四天下 /sì tiān-xià/ ‘four worlds; four quarters of the
world’ (<rty my KZNH ʾʾγδʾkw βwy ZY ʾzw ZKw ʾnγtčh čtβ'r ʾβčʾnpδ δry škʾnp pnč ʾʾzʾwn wʾtδʾr
syʾʾkh βʾn>. <rty pr čtβʾr ʾβčʾnpδ ʾčw tmtʾ ʾstʾnt ʾt tmʾykʾ wʾtδʾr rtšn sʾt wynt>). <ʾβčʾnpδy> /ǝfcambaδī/
ʾ, ʾʾ, ʿ 57

obl.sg. (<xwβw rwxšnʾ sʾrʾst ky ZY wzy wyʾ čtβʾr βčʾnpδy>. C <yfčmbdy>). <prw ʾβčʾnpδ(y)> (M <prw
ʾfčmβδ>) ‘in/ over the world’ (<prw sʾt ʾβčʾnpδy> ‘in the entire world’. <ʾnγtʾk/ ʾnγtč ʾβčʾnpδ> (<ʾγty
ʾβčmpδ>) ‘the entire world’ is for Syr. ‫( ܟܠ‬M <pʾrṭy pr ʾnγṭč fčmbδ pr ṭʾw ʾṭy zʾwr ʾṭy pr …>). <Lʾ ʾt ms
pr wyspw ʾβčʾnpδy δrmʾykʾ xwtʾw pčʾyt>. <mγwn βčʾnpδ> (C <mγwn fčmbd>) ‘the whole world’ is for
Syr. ‫ܟܠ̄ܐܢܫ‬, ‫<( ܟܠܗ̄ܓܘܐ‬ʾxšyδ zʾrčnwk pr mγwn βčʾnpδ> ‘merciful lord over the whole world’. <rxwšny
čšmy ZKn ʾnγtčh mγwn ʾβčʾnpδ> ‘the bright eye of the whole world’). <ʾβčʾnpδy xwyštrʾ> ‘o chief of
the world!’ translates Chin. 世尊 (corresponding with Skt. loka-nātha- m.). <rtmn wytyš tγw nwšč
ʾβčʾnpδ> ‘we have seen you, (who are) an eternal world’. <sʾt ʾβčmpδy čyntr> ‘in the whole world’. C
̈
<pr dwy fčmbdt> is for Syr. ‫ܥܠܡܐ‬ ‫<( ܒܬ̈ܪܝܗܘܢ‬xšʾwn xčy pr dwy fčmbdt>). C <fčmbdy rʾθ> (‘way of the
world’) ‘worldly life’ is for Syr. ‫ܐܘܪܚܐ̄ܕܥܠܡܐ‬. M <wyrmnʾwy fčmbδ> ‘world of quiet or tranquillity’
corresponds to Pers. ārām šahr, i.e. ‘paradise’. M <pṭymṭy 3 fčmbδy wyδβʾγ> ‘completed: the exposition
of the three worlds’. <ptrysčʾ ʾfčmbδ> ‘mixed world’ (M <ʾty 12 ʾnxr ʾty 7 pxryyḫ pr mγwn ptrysčʾ
ʾfčmbδ ʾxšʾwnδʾrt kwnʾnd ʾrtyšn ʿyw wnyy δβtyʾ ptyʾr wʾstynd>). <rtm ʾky synʾy kywyδ šʾtʾwx ʾβčʾnpδ
sʾr>: Parth. <ʾwm ky sʾnʾh̬ ʾw ʿym šʾdčn šhr>. <wštmʾxčykw ʾβčʾnpδ> ‘the heavenly world’. C <čn
fčmbd ʾγʾz mrtsʾr> is for Syr. ‫‘ ܡܢ̄ܥܠܡ‬of old time, of yore’. See <pwtʾnʾk ʾβčʾnpδ>

<ʾβčʾnpδčyk> (M <ʾfčmbδčyk>, C <fčmbdčyq>, <fčmpdčyq>, <fčmdčyq>)

<ʾβčʾmpδʾyk šyrʾkk> ‘worldly goods (/ possessions)’ (<rty čnn ʾky prnxwnty mʾt rty kδʾrt … čnn
ʾβčʾmpδʾyk šyrʾkk yxwsty>). <sʾt ʾβčʾnpδčykt (pl.) mynnytw> ‘all the inhabitants of the world’. C <sʾt
fčmbdčyqt mrtxmyt> ‘all the people of the world’ is for Syr. ‫‘ ܐܪܥܐ‬the earth’. C <dymyθ fčmpdčyq> ‘of
this world’: ‫‘ ܕܬܢܢ‬of this place, (the things) of this life’. <pʾrZY ʾβčʾnpδ čykt mrtxmʾyty šn pw ptšmʾr
srδʾy ʾẓwʾn wytʾwr kw ʾštʾ RYPW srδ prm prʾyst xyδ wyʾwnt zmnw myδʾny čkkrβrt xwtʾw prw ʾβčʾnpδ
wynʾnčyk βwt>. <ʾβčʾnpδyk smʾwtry ky ZY δsʾ znkʾn čʾwn ʾnyt ʾʾpty ʾnyʾz ʾnkstr xčy>. C <ʾt fčmbdčyqt
(pl.) rwžtyṭ̣ pwn wnty mrtxṃ̣̣̣yty žyʾwry>.

<ʾβčʾnpδyk> (<ʾβčʾnpδʾyk>, <ʾβčʾmpδʾyk>, M <fčmbδyk>, C <fčmbdyq>)

It translates Syr. ‫ܕܥܠܡܐ‬. <ʾβčʾnpδ(ʾ)ykt> (M fčmbδykt>) /ǝfcambǝδīkt/ pl. ‘the denizens of the world’
corresponds with Pers. . <RBkw twrkčʾny ʾβčʾnpδykw ʾxšywny> ‘king of the Turkish land’.
<ʾβčʾnpδkw ʾʾpt> ‘worldly wtares’ (<ZY xw ʾβčʾnpδkw ʾʾpt čʾnw kw smʾwtry sʾr ʾwptʾnt>).

<ʾβčʾnpδy xwyštr> (<βč(ʾ)npδy xwyštr>) /ǝfcambaδī xvēštar/ ‘chief of the world, the
most distinguished among men’

Also <ʾβčʾnpδyk xwyštr> (<ʾfčʾnpδyk xwyštrʾ> voc.). It corresponds with Skt. loka-jyeṣṭha- m.
(Chin. 盧迦委斯諦), and translates Chin. 世尊 /shì zūn/ ‘revered one of the world’, an epithet of every
Buddha. <βčʾnpδʾy xwyštrʾ> is for Chin. 世尊 /shì-zūn/ (Skt. hīdaṃ bhagavān). <βčʾnpδy xwyštrt>
(<ʾfčʾnpδδy xwyštrt>) ‘chiefs of the world’. <ZK ʾβčʾnpδy ʾxšywnk xwʾyštr> ‘the chief lord of the