ACADEMIC YEAR: 2024-2025

DEPARTMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE &

MACHINE LEARNING

“Automated Garbage Collector”

GUIDED BY
Miss. Pranita Redkar

SUBMITTED BY

BHARGAV RAUT
RONIT GHARAT
HARSH MEHER
AYUSH SAKPAL
HARSHAD RADE
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF
TECHNICAL EDUCATION

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify the following students of final year semester of Diploma in “Artificial
Intelligence and Machine Learning” of Institute, Viva college of Diploma Engineering
and Technology (1508) have carried out the project entitled in academic year 2024-
2025

“Automated Garbage Collector”

GROUP MEMBERS

19 – BHARGAV RAUT
20 – RONIT GHARAT
26 – HARSH MEHER
29 – AYUSH SAKPAL
30 – HARSHAD RADE

This Project has been Approved for the Final Semester in

“ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING”

Project Guide H. O. D Principal

Miss. Pranita Redkar Mrs. Poonam Jadhav Dr. Arun Kumar

(Internal Examiner)
(External Examiner)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Before presenting our project work entitled Automated Garbage Collector, we would
like to convey our sincere gratitude to the people who guided and supported us
throughout this journey. This project has been both a learning experience and a fulfilling
endeavor that would not have been possible without the encouragement and help of
several individuals.
First and foremost, we express our heartfelt thanks to our beloved Principal, Dr.Arun
Kumar, for providing us with the necessary facilities and resources to carry out this
project successfully. His continuous support in promoting technical education and
innovation has greatly inspired us to strive for excellence in our work.
We extend our immense gratitude to our Project Guide, Miss. Pranita Redkar, for her
continuous support, encouragement, and valuable guidance at every stage of the project.
Her insights and expertise have played a crucial role in shaping our work. From the
initial planning phase to the final execution, her mentorship has been instrumental in
overcoming the challenges we encountered along the way.
We are also deeply grateful to our H.O.D. Mrs. Poonam Jadhav, for his encouragement,
cooperation, and valuable suggestions, which have helped us refine and improve our
project. His consistent feedback and motivation inspired us to explore more efficient
methods and pay attention to the finer technical details of our system.
Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the teaching and non-teaching staff of our
college for their unwavering support and motivation throughout the course of this work.
Their assistance, whether technical or administrative, created a positive environment that
enabled us to focus fully on our research and implementation.
Lastly, we extend our sincere appreciation to our friends and peers for their moral
support, valuable discussions, and direct or indirect involvement in completing this
project. Their encouragement has made this endeavour both meaningful and successful,
and their shared enthusiasm helped keep our spirits high throughout the development of
this automated solution
 ABSTRACT

Regardless of public perceptions, modern technology has transformed traditional

practices, making industries more automated, sustainable, and efficient. The rapid rise of
Internet of Things (IoT)-based technologies has revolutionized various sectors, including
waste management. Smart waste management has evolved from manual collection
methods to real- time, automated systems that are data-driven and environmentally
conscious. These advancements have introduced new opportunities while addressing
long-standing challenges such as inefficient garbage collection and environmental
pollution. In this project, we focus on an Automated Garbage Collector, a system
designed to streamline waste collection processes using robotics and IoT-based
technology.
The system integrates a range of components, including gear motors, wheels, an Arduino
UNO and Nano, a servo motor, Bluetooth module, and rechargeable battery power
through type C charging modules. These elements work together to create a mobile unit
capable of detecting, collecting, and disposing of waste autonomously. By using
microcontrollers and motor drivers, the system navigates and performs garbage
collection tasks with minimal human intervention.
The project incorporates Bluetooth communication, enabling wireless control and
monitoring of the system. This approach ensures flexibility, user-friendliness, and real-
time operational feedback, making the system adaptable to different environments such
as streets, campuses, and industrial zones. The use of lightweight and energy-efficient
components ensures sustainability and ease of deployment.
The Automated Garbage Collector utilizes smart control logic and mechanical design to
automate waste collection effectively, reducing human effort and promoting cleanliness
in urban and rural areas. By integrating IoT, robotics, and smart power management, this
project aims to improve public hygiene, reduce health risks, and contribute to a cleaner
and more efficient waste management infrastructure for the future.
 INDEX

Sr. No. Chapter Name Page No.

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Project Overview 2
1.2 Project Specification 3
1.3 Project Structure 5
1.4 Aim and Objective 6
2 Literature Survey 7
2.1 Literature Review of the Project 7
2.2 Systematic Literature Review 9
2.3 Further Work 10
3 Scope of the Project 11
4 Methodology 12
4.1 Propose Method 12
4.2 Frameworks and Components Used 14
4.2.1 Block Diagram 14
4.2.2 Block Diagram Explanation 15
4.2.3 Hardware Requirement 17
4.2.4 Software Requirement 19
5 Details of Design, Working and Processes 23
5.1 Designing Process 23
5.2 Algorithm and Flowchart 25
 5.2.1 Algorithm 25

5.2.2 Flowchart 26
5.3 Deployment Process 27
5.4 Deployment 28
5.5 Project Source Code 29
6 Results and Applications 34
6.1 Home Page View 34
6.2 Exit Page View 35
6.3 Working 36
6.4 Application of Automated Garbage Collector 37
7 Conclusion and Future Scope 38
7.1 Conclusion 38
7.2 Future Scope 39
8 References and Bibliography 41
8.1 Website References 41
 Chapter 1: Introduction

In the modern world, efficient waste management is a critical component of sustainable urban living. As
populations grow and cities expand, the volume of waste generated daily continues to rise, creating
challenges in timely collection, segregation, and disposal. Traditional waste collection systems often
rely on fixed schedules and manual labor, leading to inefficiencies such as overflowing bins, increased
labor costs, and environmental hazards.
Our project, the Automated Garbage Collector, aims to address these challenges by integrating
technology with waste management practices. This system is designed to automate the process of
detecting, collecting, and sorting garbage using a combination of sensors, microcontrollers, and mobility
systems. By incorporating features like object detection, route optimization, and smart segregation, the
system ensures that garbage is handled more efficiently and with minimal human intervention.
The goal of this project is not only to improve the hygiene and cleanliness of urban and semi-urban
environments but also to contribute towards smarter, more sustainable cities. The implementation of an
automated garbage collector can reduce the workload on municipal workers, decrease fuel usage in
collection vehicles, and promote a cleaner and greener future.

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 1.1 Project Overview

The Automated Garbage Collector project is designed to revolutionize conventional waste collection by
automating the process using smart technology. The system is engineered to detect, collect, and sort
garbage without the need for constant human supervision. It aims to solve problems related to inefficient
waste management, labor dependency, and unhygienic conditions caused by overflowing or unattended
garbage bins.
This project combines hardware components such as microcontrollers (e.g., Arduino or Raspberry Pi),
sensors (e.g., ultrasonic, gas, IR), motors, and robotic mechanisms with software logic to create a semi-
autonomous or fully autonomous garbage collection system. The garbage collector can identify waste
bins that are full, navigate toward them, collect the waste, and even segregate it based on predefined
categories such as biodegradable, non-biodegradable, or recyclable.

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 1.2 Project Specification:

The goal of this project is to design and develop an Automated Garbage Collector that efficiently detects,
collects, and segregates waste with minimal human intervention, promoting cleaner environments and
supporting smart waste management systems.

Hardware Requirements:
 4 Gear motors
 4 wheels
 AAA battery combined 6 volts
 1 Arduino UNO
 1 Arduino nano
 1 Servo motor
 type c charging modules
 1 bluetooth module

Software Requirements:
 –––automated garbage collector is controlled using and mobile application.
 App found on GitHub.

Working Principle:

An automated garbage collector (GC) is a system—usually within programming languages like Java,
C#, Python, or even operating systems—that automatically manages memory by reclaiming unused or
unreachable objects. The core idea is to free up memory that's no longer in use, preventing memory
leaks and improving efficiency.

1. Object Allocation
When your program creates an object (like a new array or string), memory is allocated on the heap.

2. Reachability Analysis
The GC determines whether an object is still "alive" or reachable.
If there are no references pointing to it (i.e., nothing in your code can reach that object), it's
considered garbage.

3. Mark and Sweep (one of the classic algorithms)

 Mark: The GC starts from "root" references (like local variables, static fields, etc.) and marks
all reachable objects.
 Sweep: It then goes through the heap and collects all unmarked (unreachable) objects, freeing
the memory.

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 4. Compacting (optional but common)
After removing unused objects, the GC may compact memory by moving objects together to eliminate
gaps—this speeds up future allocations.

5. Finalization (sometimes)
Some languages allow an object to define a finalize() method (e.g., Java), which the GC might call before
reclaiming the object—though this is discouraged due to performance reasons.

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1.3 Project Structure:

1. Hardware Setup:
 The system consists of a mobile robot platform powered by 4 gear motors and wheels.
 An Arduino UNO and Arduino Nano are used for motor control and Bluetooth communication.
 A servo motor is used for operating the garbage bin mechanism (e.g., lid or arm).
 A 6V AAA battery pack supplies power to all components.
 Bluetooth module enables wireless control via a mobile application.
 Two Type-C charging modules are used for easy battery recharging.

2. Software Development:
 Arduino IDE is used to write and upload the control code for movement and servo operation.
 The mobile app, sourced from GitHub, is used to send Bluetooth commands to the robot.
 The app includes directional controls (forward, backward, left, right) and possibly custom commands.
 Real-time command processing allows smooth and responsive control of the robot.

3. Command Control & Communication:

 The system is controlled via a mobile phone using Bluetooth communication.
 The app sends directional and action commands to the Arduino Nano, which relays motor
control signals.
 The Arduino UNO manages movement logic and servo operations based on received commands.
 Communication is wireless and works within a standard Bluetooth range (~10 meters).

4. Movement & Collection Mechanism:

 Gear motors drive the wheels to allow smooth and stable robot movement across surfaces.
 Servo motor actuates the bin mechanism, allowing it to open/close or lift garbage.
 The garbage is collected manually or through an attached scoop/bin mounted on the robot body.
 The robot can be directed to dumping zones where it releases the collected waste.

5. User Interface:
 The mobile app interface provides easy-to-use directional buttons and controls.
 It visually reflects the commands being sent to the robot in real time.
 Users can customize movements or add extra control features (e.g., bin open/close).
 The interface works on most Android devices and connects via standard Bluetooth pairing.

6. Deployment:
 The robot can be deployed in homes, schools, or public areas for collecting small-scale waste.
 It can be used in both indoor and outdoor environments, depending on design and wheel grip.
 Integration with solar panels or rechargeable modules can improve energy efficiency.
 The system can be scaled or enhanced for industrial use with additional automation.

7. Testing & Evaluation:
 The robot is tested on different surfaces to evaluate movement stability and motor response.
 Battery life, Bluetooth range, and motor speed are measured and optimized.
 Servo function and garbage collection performance are verified under load.
 User feedback is collected for improving usability, control accuracy, and robot design.

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1.4 Aims and Objectives:

Promote Clean Environments:

 The primary aim of the Automated Garbage Collector is to assist in maintaining clean surroundings
by collecting and transporting waste efficiently using a robotic platform.

Reduce Human Effort:

 The system is designed to reduce manual labor involved in garbage collection, making the
process safer and more hygienic for workers and users alike.

Enhance Mobility & Control:

 By using Bluetooth-based mobile app control, the robot ensures easy and responsive
movement, allowing users to direct it precisely to collect and dispose of waste.

Improve Efficiency & Reach:

 The robot can access areas that are hard to reach manually, such as narrow lanes or
underneath benches, improving overall waste collection effectiveness.

Encourage Tech-Based Solutions:

 This project showcases how low-cost electronics and robotics can be used to solve real-
world environmental problems and promote smart city concepts.

Enable Real-Time Control:

 Through the use of mobile applications and wireless communication, users can operate the system
in real time, making it suitable for various locations and conditions.

Foster Innovation & Learning:

 The project serves as a platform to explore Arduino-based robotics, Bluetooth communication,
and servo mechanisms, contributing to hands-on learning and innovation in automated systems.

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 Chapter 2: Literature Survey

2.1 Literature Review of the Project:

As the world embraces smart technologies, automation is playing a vital role in improving daily life and
reducing manual labor. One area where this shift is gaining attention is in waste management. Traditional
garbage collection methods are often labor-intensive, inefficient, and expose workers to unsanitary
conditions. To tackle these issues, automated systems like Arduino-based garbage collectors are being
developed. These robotic platforms are designed to collect waste remotely or autonomously, using
motors, microcontrollers, and wireless communication. Just as AI revolutionizes communication for the
hearing impaired, automation and robotics are transforming how we manage cleanliness, hygiene, and
public health in modern smart cities.

1. Paper: “Design and Development of an Automated Waste Collection Robot” by John Keller
& Lisa
This study presents a mobile robot that can navigate surfaces and collect garbage using servo-controlled
arms. It emphasizes the importance of wireless control and efficient power use in mobile waste robots.

2. Paper: “Smart Waste Management System Using Arduino and IoT” by Priya Sharma:
The research introduces an Arduino-based garbage monitoring and collection system using sensors and
Bluetooth communication. It highlights real-time control and data feedback via a mobile app.

3. Paper: “Bluetooth-Controlled Robot for Waste Collection” by Aakash Mehta:

This paper discusses the integration of a Bluetooth module with Arduino to control a garbage collector
robot remotely. It details the setup of gear motors, wheels, and rechargeable power supplies.

4. Paper: “Enhancing Urban Sanitation with Robotics and Automation” by Kavya Nair:
This work explores how small robotic vehicles can navigate urban spaces to clean and collect trash. It

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 discusses the benefits of servo-driven mechanisms and smart mobility solutions.

5. Paper: “Low-Cost Automated Waste Collector Using Arduino UNO” by Neha Desai:
The research presents a budget-friendly garbage collection robot that uses an Arduino UNO, a mobile app,
and simple components like gear motors and wheels to make waste collection efficient in residential areas.

6. Paper: “Development of Mobile Robots for Public Waste Management” by Mohan Gupta:
This paper focuses on how mobility and compact design play a role in enabling robots to access narrow and
hard-to-reach locations, improving the effectiveness of waste removal in public spaces.

7. Paper: “Smart Waste Bin and Collection Robot System Using Embedded Technology” by Fatima
Rahman:
The study introduces a smart bin with an automated robotic platform for waste pickup. It highlights the
importance of battery management, Bluetooth communication, and user-friendly app interfaces.

8. Paper: “Arduino-Based Semi-Autonomous Garbage Collector” by Anil Raj & Deepika Iyer:
This research explores the semi-autonomous control of a garbage-collecting robot using a combination of
remote control and programmed routines. It addresses servo usage for lid opening and dumping mechanisms.

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 2.2 Systematic Literature Review:

A systematic literature review of automated garbage collectors helps in understanding the latest research
trends, current technologies, challenges, and potential areas for enhancement in the field of smart waste
management. The first step is to define the research question, such as “What are the latest trends and
technological developments in Arduino-based automated garbage collection systems?” This is followed
by identifying relevant databases like IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar,
and using keywords such as “Automated Garbage Collector,” “Bluetooth-Controlled Robot for Waste
Collection,” “Arduino in Waste Management,” and “Smart Waste Collection Robot.” A comprehensive
literature search is then conducted to gather recent and relevant studies focused on mobile robotic
garbage collectors.
The next step involves screening the collected studies to remove duplicates and unrelated topics. The
selected papers are then evaluated based on their hardware setup (e.g., Arduino models, motors,
batteries), control methods (Bluetooth, IoT), mechanical design, and practical applications. Key findings
from the review reveal several trends such as the growing use of low-cost microcontrollers (Arduino
UNO/Nano), gear motors for mobility, and Bluetooth modules for remote control using mobile apps.
While the projects are generally effective in controlled environments, challenges remain in battery life,
autonomous navigation, and outdoor usability.
Despite their simplicity, Arduino-based systems offer a practical and scalable approach for educational,
domestic, and small public-space waste management. Challenges identified include lack of obstacle
detection, manual-only operation, and limited dumping mechanisms. Some papers propose future
enhancements like integrating ultrasonic sensors, servo-operated lids, and solar-powered charging modules
to extend functionality. Future opportunities also lie in using machine learning for navigation and IoT
integration for real-time waste monitoring.

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 2.3 Further Work:

1. Integration of additional sensors:

While the current system is controlled via a mobile app using Bluetooth, integrating sensors such as
ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection and infrared sensors for line following can enhance
navigation. These sensors will help the robot avoid obstacles, detect terrain changes, and potentially
navigate autonomously in complex environments.

2. Optimization of control algorithms:

The robot’s performance can be improved by optimizing the motor control logic using techniques like
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) for smoother and more energy-efficient movement. Additionally,
adding PID control for motion can increase stability, especially when navigating uneven surfaces or
carrying a heavier load.

3. Development of autonomous operation modes:

By analyzing movement patterns and garbage pickup locations, the system can be upgraded to include
semi-autonomous or fully autonomous modes. Using pre-programmed routes or basic AI navigation,
the robot can operate without constant manual input, reducing the need for human intervention.

4. Expansion to multi-functional waste systems:

The current model can be expanded to support waste segregation using color or weight sensors to
differentiate between biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials. This will not only collect waste
but also assist in proper disposal and recycling practices, promoting environmental sustainability.

5. Integration with IoT and cloud systems:

By connecting the system to an IoT platform, real-time data such as battery status, usage logs, or GPS
location (if added) can be stored and monitored remotely. Cloud integration allows for data analysis
and remote diagnostics, helping with system maintenance and fleet tracking in larger deployments.

6. Real-time feedback and mobile app upgrades:

The mobile app can be enhanced to include real-time status indicators, such as bin full alerts, battery
level, and connection status. Additional features like voice commands or gesture control through
mobile sensors could also be explored to improve user interaction and accessibility.

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 Chapter 3: Scope of the Project

Cleanliness and hygiene are fundamental to a healthy society, yet manual garbage collection remains a
challenging and often unsafe task, especially in urban environments. The Automated Garbage
Collector aims to address these issues by providing a low-cost, Arduino-powered robotic system that
collects and transports waste, reducing human effort and exposure to hazardous conditions.
According to the World Bank, global waste generation is expected to rise by 70% by 2050, posing
serious threats to public health, the environment, and urban infrastructure. Traditional waste collection
methods are often inefficient, labor-intensive, and limited in reach. In response, smart, automated
solutions are being explored to streamline the process and promote sustainable waste management
practices.
The proposed system utilizes components like gear motors, Arduino UNO/Nano boards, a Bluetooth
module, and a mobile app for remote control. Designed to operate in small public spaces, residential
areas, or educational institutions, the robot can move, collect, and transport garbage with minimal human
intervention. Additional features such as servo motors for operating a garbage lid and Type-C charging
modules for easy recharging make the system practical and user-friendly.
The importance of automation in modern waste management is growing. Just as robotics and IoT are
transforming agriculture and manufacturing, smart waste collection systems can revolutionize public
sanitation by improving efficiency, safety, and cleanliness. With its modular design and simple control
interface, the Automated Garbage Collector can be a valuable tool in smart city ecosystems and eco-
conscious communities.
Looking ahead, the system can be enhanced with obstacle detection, GPS tracking, or IoT connectivity
to enable autonomous operation and real-time monitoring. The ultimate vision is to create a fleet of smart
waste-collecting robots that can work in coordination to keep our cities clean, reduce human exposure to
waste, and support environmentally sustainable practices on a broader scale.

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 Chapter 4: Methodology

4.1 Proposed Method:

Our focus is on implementing the Automated Garbage Collector system to address waste management
challenges in small-scale environments such as schools, parks, and residential areas. The system is
designed to collect and transport garbage using a mobile robot, which can be remotely controlled via a
Bluetooth- enabled mobile application.

The robot will be powered by a combination of Arduino UNO and Arduino Nano microcontrollers,
working together to control motion and additional functions. The platform will use four gear motors
with wheels for smooth movement, and a servo motor will control the bin mechanism for opening and
closing during waste collection or disposal.

The system will be powered by a 6V AAA battery pack, with Type-C charging modules integrated for
easy recharging. The Bluetooth module will facilitate wireless communication between the mobile app
and the robot, allowing users to send movement and action commands in real time.

The Arduino boards will be programmed using the Arduino IDE and written in C/C++, where the
movement logic, servo control, and Bluetooth command handling will be implemented. The mobile app,
sourced from GitHub, will include basic controls like forward, backward, left, right, and a custom button
for activating the bin mechanism.

To improve the efficiency of the system, future versions may incorporate sensors such as ultrasonic
modules for obstacle detection or IR sensors for line-following capabilities. This would allow the robot
to operate semi-autonomously in dynamic environments.

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The system will also support offline operation, where commands are logged into the Arduino’s memory
to track movement history or detect performance issues. This data can be used later to analyze
performance, optimize control logic, and improve the system’s overall functionality.

A basic user interface will be available through the mobile app, which displays connectivity status and
control feedback. The app can be further enhanced to show battery levels, task completion status, and
real- time updates from the robot.

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 4.2 Frame work and components used:

This project is built using an embedded system framework where both hardware and software
components interact to perform autonomous waste collection and disposal. The main framework
includes microcontroller-based control, wireless communication, and motor control, all integrated
with mobile app interaction.

Hardware Components:

1. Arduino UNO
Acts as the main controller for driving the 4 gear motors that move the robot. It receives commands
via Bluetooth and translates them into motion.

2. Arduino Nano
Dedicated to controlling the servo motor that opens and closes the garbage bin lid. Keeps tasks
separated for smoother performance.

3. 4 Gear Motors with Wheels

These motors enable movement in multiple directions (forward, backward, left, right). Each motor is
connected to a wheel, allowing the robot to navigate its environment.

4. AAA Battery Pack (6V)

Powers the entire system. The battery pack provides sufficient voltage to run both Arduinos and the
motors.

5. Servo Motor
Used to control the opening and closing of the garbage bin. This allows automated disposal of waste
upon receiving a command.

6. Bluetooth Module (e.g., HC-05)

Enables wireless communication between the mobile app and the Arduino UNO. All movement
and bin-control commands are sent via Bluetooth.

7. Type-C Charging Modules (2x)

These modules provide convenient charging options for the battery pack, ensuring ease of
maintenance and power management.

Software Components:

1. Arduino IDE
Used to write, compile, and upload control code to both Arduino boards. The IDE supports serial
monitoring and real-time debugging during development.

2. Embedded C/C++ (Open Source)

The motor and servo control logic was implemented using open-source C/C++ code downloaded
from GitHub.
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3. Custom Mobile Application (Open Source)
A free Android mobile application was sourced from GitHub to control the robot via Bluetooth.

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 4.2.1 Block diagram:

Figure 4.1: Block Diagram.

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4.2.2 Block Diagram Explanation:

Block Diagram Explanation: Automated Garbage Collection Process

The block diagram shown in Figure 4.1 represents the overall functioning of the Automated
Garbage Collector system. The system is developed to collect garbage in a smart and efficient way
with minimal human intervention. It operates based on sensor input, microcontroller processing,
motor control for movement, and a physical garbage collection mechanism. The explanation of each
block is provided below in a sequential manner.

1. Input
The input is the first stage of the system where all the signals and actions are initiated. The system
relies on user presence or actions to begin functioning. In this project, the input is primarily from a
hand gesture detected by a sensor mounted on the top of the bin. This allows the lid to open
automatically when a hand is detected near the sensor. This touchless method is more hygienic and
user-friendly, especially in public places.
Another important input to the system is power. The garbage collector includes a solar panel installed
on top to ensure continuous power supply through renewable energy. This makes it suitable for
outdoor use, where sunlight is abundant. Additionally, the system includes a Type-C charging port,
which is used to charge the device in cases when solar energy is insufficient or unavailable.
The system also accepts input through a mobile application that communicates with the garbage
collector via Bluetooth. This app includes different modes of control which allow users to direct the
movement of the garbage collector vehicle remotely.

2. Processing
After receiving the input, the next step involves processing the received information. The system
includes a microcontroller that acts as the brain of the operation. It reads the signal from the sensor
and processes the gesture to control the opening and closing of the garbage bin lid. It also processes
signals from the mobile application to control the movement of the vehicle.
The system was programmed using an embedded programming language. This software was not
developed from scratch but rather obtained freely from an open-source platform (GitHub). The
software handles all the essential tasks such as reading sensor values, processing commands from
the app, and controlling the output components like motors and servos.
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 The mobile application allows the user to control the garbage collector using both voice commands
and on-screen remote controls. This application helps improve the usability of the system, making it
accessible even from a distance.

3. Motor Control
The processed data is then sent to the motor control section. This section of the system is
responsible for physically moving the garbage collector in the required direction. The garbage
collector has four wheels, each powered by a motor. These motors are controlled in real-time based
on commands received from the mobile application.
When the app user presses directional controls or gives voice commands, these are converted into
movement instructions that allow the garbage collector to move forward, backward, left, or right.
This feature enables the system to reach garbage spread out in various locations without requiring
someone to push it manually.
The motor control system ensures that the garbage collector can be navigated safely and easily
around obstacles, across flat surfaces, or even over slightly uneven terrain depending on the wheel
design and motor strength.

4. Garbage Collection
This is the final stage of the block diagram, where the actual collection of waste takes place. Once
the lid opens due to the detected hand gesture, the user can place the garbage into the bin. The lid
automatically closes after a short delay, ensuring the system is ready for the next user.
The garbage is stored inside a compartment that is built into the moving base. This storage space is
not divided into categories, and there is no sorting mechanism. The system does not automatically
collect garbage from the ground—it relies on users to place waste into the bin.
The compartment has a removable bin inside it, which can be emptied manually by municipal
workers or by the system administrator when it becomes full. The system ensures cleanliness and
provides a smarter way to collect garbage while reducing direct human contact with the waste.

 Conclusion
In conclusion, this block diagram summarizes how the automated garbage collector works in a step-
by-step manner. It receives input from a hand gesture, processes it using microcontrollers, controls
motors for movement via an app, and finally collects garbage when users throw it into the
automatically opened bin. Powered by solar energy and supported by a Type-C port, it is an
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 efficient and user-friendly tool designed to support cleaner environments. Its design is simple yet
impactful, and while it does not sort or lift garbage automatically, it significantly enhances the
hygiene and ease of waste disposal in public areas.

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4.2.3 Hardware Requirement:

The automated garbage collector is designed using a carefully chosen set of hardware
components to enable smooth, efficient, and remotely controlled operation. This smart
system focuses on mobility, energy efficiency, and hygienic interaction via gesture-based
control. Below is a comprehensive explanation of all the key components used:

1. Microcontrollers (Arduino UNO & Arduino Nano)

 The Arduino UNO acts as the central processing unit, responsible for
interpreting Bluetooth commands received from the mobile app and controlling the
movement of the garbage collector via motors.
 The Arduino Nano is a secondary controller that handles the gesture recognition
task using data from an IR sensor. Based on this, it controls the servo motor to open
or close the dustbin lid.
 These boards are programmed using Embedded C/C++ and were freely sourced
from GitHub, which allowed flexibility in customization and saved development
cost.
Example: When a user sends a forward command through the mobile app, Arduino
UNO interprets this signal and activates the appropriate motors. Meanwhile, when a
person brings their hand near the IR sensor, the Arduino Nano detects this and signals
the servo motor to lift the bin lid.

2. Mobility System (Motors, Wheels, and Motor Driver)

 4 Gear Motors are attached to the wheels, providing reliable torque and
smooth movement over various surfaces like concrete, tiles, or dirt paths.
 The wheels, supported by caster wheels, allow multidirectional movement —
forward, backward, left, and right — all controlled by the app.
 An L298N motor driver module interfaces between the Arduino UNO and the
motors, allowing for accurate control of speed and direction.
Example: When the app command "move left" is received, the L298N driver directs
power to specific motors to perform the action smoothly and in real time.

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 3. Gesture Detection with IR Sensor and Servo Motor
 An IR (Infrared) sensor is placed near the lid of the garbage collector. It detects hand
gestures by sensing the proximity of an object (a hand).
 Once the gesture is detected, the servo motor is triggered to open or close the lid of the
garbage bin.
 This feature is designed to provide a hygienic, touchless method for users to dispose of
waste.
Example: When a user waves their hand close to the IR sensor, the servo motor rotates to lift the
lid, and after a short delay, it closes automatically — ensuring minimal human contact.

4. Bluetooth Module (HC-05)

 The HC-05 Bluetooth module connects the robot to a smartphone app downloaded from the
GITA website (free of cost).
 This module enables wireless control of the garbage collector, making it move in various
directions or halt as per the user’s input.
 The app includes both voice control (for accessibility) and manual directional control
(forward, backward, left, right).
Example: The user says "forward" into the app, and the command is wirelessly transmitted to the
Arduino UNO, which triggers the motors accordingly.

5. Power Supply and Charging Modules

 The system is powered by a 6V power source made up of AAA batteries, which provide the
necessary voltage to the microcontrollers and motors.
 To facilitate recharging without dismantling the setup, 2 USB Type-C charging modules are
installed. These allow the user to plug in a standard USB-C charger.
 A solar panel mounted on the lid offers additional eco-friendly charging during daylight,
extending the system’s operational autonomy in outdoor use.
Example: On a sunny day, the solar panel continuously charges the battery while the robot
operates in parks or campuses.

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4.2.4 Software Requirements (Expanded)
Though the hardware forms the body of the garbage collector, it’s the software that acts as the
nervous system. The following tools and software logic are used:

1. Embedded C/C++ for Arduino

 The logic for motor control, gesture response, Bluetooth communication, and servo
operations is programmed in Embedded C/C++.
 Free and open-source code from GitHub was adapted for this project, which allowed
quicker deployment and budget-friendly development.

2. Mobile Control App (From GITA Website)

 A freely available mobile application, downloaded from the GITA website, provides the user
interface for operating the garbage collector.
 The app supports:
Manual Control Mode: On-screen buttons for directional movement.
o Voice Control Mode: Enables control through spoken commands (e.g., “go
forward,” “stop,” “turn right”).

3. Gesture Control Logic

 The IR sensor is programmed to detect proximity changes, typically a hand gesture, and
translate that into an electrical signal.
 The servo motor control logic ensures the lid opens when the signal is high and closes after
a delay — all handled through the Arduino Nano.

4. Motor Control Algorithms

 The L298N motor driver is programmed to receive PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
signals from Arduino UNO.
 This allows for speed control and direction reversal for the gear motors, enabling real-time
maneuverability.

5. Power and Charging Management Code

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  The code includes battery status monitoring logic, ensuring motors aren’t over-discharged.
 When power drops below a set threshold, an LED alert or a shutdown signal can be
activated to preserve battery health.

Conclusion
This version of the automated garbage collector emphasizes ease of use, manual control, and
gesture-based Interaction. Though it lacks AI vision or autonomous pickup, it stands out for its
simple yet effective approach to clean surroundings with minimal contact and no complexity in
operation. Its solar charging, gesture-operated lid, and Bluetooth-based mobile control make it
highly practical for use in schools, parks, and community centers.

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 chapter 5: Details of Design, working and process

5.1 Designing process

The Automated Garbage Collector is a robotics-based system designed to collect and dispose of waste
efficiently without human intervention. This project combines embedded systems, motor control, and
wireless communication to reduce manual labor and promote cleaner environments.
The system is built using Arduino UNO, Arduino Nano, gear motors, servo motor, a Bluetooth module,
and rechargeable battery modules to power and control the robot. The main goal is to automate the
process of garbage collection and disposal, making it more efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly
through robotics and automation.

Design Process:

1. Define Objectives and Requirements

• The goal of the Automated Garbage Collector is to create a mobile robot that collects waste
from specified areas and disposes of it using an automatic lid mechanism.
• Hardware and software requirements are identified, including Arduino UNO, Arduino Nano,
gear motors, servo motor, Bluetooth module, batteries, and a mobile app for wireless control.

2. Choose the Hardware Components

• Arduino UNO is used as the main control unit to manage robot movement and communication.
• Arduino Nano operates the servo motor for opening and closing the garbage bin lid.
• 4 Gear motors with 4 wheels are used to move the robot.
• A servo motor is used for controlling the lid mechanism.
• AAA battery pack (6V) provides power, and Type-C charging modules enable recharging.

3. Choose the Software Components

• Arduino IDE is used to program the microcontrollers in C/C++.
• A custom-built mobile app (via MIT App Inventor or similar platform) is used to send
Bluetooth commands.
• Bluetooth module (e.g., HC-05) is paired with the app to receive commands wirelessly.
• Logical control code is written to process commands and trigger motor movements.

4. Design the Circuit

• The gear motors are connected to the Arduino UNO via motor driver modules for movement.
• The Bluetooth module is wired to the Arduino UNO for wireless communication.
• The servo motor is connected to the Arduino Nano and powered by the battery pack.
• Charging modules are connected to the battery for easy recharging through USB Type-C.

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5. Write the Code ( from github )
• C++ code is written in Arduino IDE to handle Bluetooth commands and control the motors.
• Code for the Arduino UNO controls robot navigation, while the Nano handles servo movements.
• Functions are written to respond to specific Bluetooth inputs for forward, reverse, turn,
and open/close lid actions.

6. Test the System

• The mobile app is used to send commands to the robot and observe its movement and lid operation.
• The system is tested in different environments to check motor response, range of Bluetooth,
and battery performance.
• Modifications are made to improve speed, responsiveness, and lid accuracy.

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 5.2 Algorithm and flowchart:

5.2.1 Algorithm

Step 1: Initialize the system (Power on Arduino UNO, Arduino Nano, and establish Bluetooth connection).
Step 2: Wait for control commands from the mobile app via the Bluetooth module.
Step 3: On receiving a movement command, activate the corresponding gear motors to move the robot.
Step 4: Monitor for the lid open/close command from the app.
Step 5: Trigger the servo motor using Arduino Nano to open or close the garbage bin lid.
Step 6: Continue monitoring for new movement or stop commands while navigating.

Step 7: Manage power usage and smooth motor operation through control logic.

Step 8: Recharge the system using Type-C charging module when battery is low.

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5.2.1 Flowchart

Figure 5.2.2 Flowchart

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5.3 Deployment Process:

1. Hardware Setup:
Connect the 4 gear motors and wheels to the Arduino UNO via a motor driver. Attach the servo
motor to the Arduino Nano for operating the garbage lid. Install the Bluetooth module and power
the system using the 6V AAA battery pack. Ensure all connections are secure and test motor
directions.

2. Install and Configure the Software:

Install the Arduino IDE on a PC or laptop. Configure the software environment to upload code to
both Arduino UNO and Nano. Set up serial communication and prepare the system to receive
Bluetooth commands from the mobile app.

3. Connect the Bluetooth Module to Mobile App:

Pair the Bluetooth module (e.g., HC-05) with the smartphone. Use a custom-built mobile app to
control the robot’s motion and bin operation. Ensure smooth wireless communication between
the app and the robot.

4. Develop the Control Code:

Write Arduino code to control robot movement (forward, backward, left, right) based on app
commands. Program the Arduino Nano to handle the servo motor for lid opening and closing.
Implement safety checks and smooth motion control.

5. Test the System:

Use the mobile app to send different commands and observe robot behavior. Verify that the
wheels respond correctly and the lid opens/closes when instructed. Adjust motor speeds and
angles for optimal performance.

6. Deploy the System:

Place the robot in indoor or semi-outdoor environments like schools, parks, or institutions for
initial deployment. Ensure the surface is suitable for wheel movement and test the bin’s ability
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7. Monitor the System:
AContinuously observe how the system responds to commands and battery life over time. Identify
any lags in Bluetooth communication or mechanical issues in the bin mechanism. Track usage
patterns to enhance efficiency.

8. Maintain the System:

Regularly check connections, clean motors and wheels, and recharge batteries using the Type-C
modules. Update the mobile app or Arduino code if improvements are needed. Keep the robot
operational for long-term use with periodic inspections.

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5.4 Deployment:

1. Planning the System:

Identify the purpose and usage locations such as schools, parks, or public spaces. Decide the required
hardware (motors, Arduino boards, Bluetooth module) and software (Arduino IDE, mobile app) to be used for
remote control and garbage collection.

2. Install and Configure the Necessary Software:

Install the Arduino IDE on a computer for coding and uploading sketches to the Arduino UNO and Nano.
Prepare the environment to support Bluetooth communication and servo motor control. Configure serial
monitors for debugging and testing.

3. Connect the Sensors and Actuators:

Attach the 4 gear motors and wheels to the Arduino UNO. Connect the servo motor to the Arduino Nano for
bin lid control. Connect the Bluetooth module and power the circuit using the 6V AAA battery pack. Add the
Type-C charging modules for easy recharging.

4. Write the Arduino Code:

Develop control code to handle robot movement via motor commands and lid operation via the servo. Include
functions to respond to Bluetooth input from the mobile app. Implement smooth direction changes and proper
bin open/close actions.

5. Test the System:

Pair the mobile app with the Bluetooth module and test movement commands (forward, backward, left, right)
and lid control. Observe real-time behavior and adjust motor speeds, turning radius, or servo angles as needed
for smooth operation.

6. Connect to the Mobile App:

Use a custom-built mobile app to wirelessly control the robot. Ensure stable Bluetooth pairing and low-latency
command transfer. Test for range and signal strength in different environments.

7. Deploy the System:

Deploy the robot in real-world settings. Make sure the terrain is suitable for movement. Secure hardware
components and protect electronic parts from moisture and dust to ensure reliability and long-term use.

8. Monitor and Maintain the System:

Regularly inspect wheels, motors, and servo for wear and tear. Recharge batteries through Type-C modules
when needed. Update the Arduino code and mobile app interface if improvements are identified during usage.

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5.5 Project Source Code:

Servo Motor - (Arduino Nano)

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial BT_Serial(2, 3); // RX, TX

#define enA 10//Enable1 L298 Pin enA

#define in1 9 //Motor1 L298 Pin in1
#define in2 8 //Motor1 L298 Pin in1
#define in3 7 //Motor2 L298 Pin in1
#define in4 6 //Motor2 L298 Pin in1
#define enB 5 //Enable2 L298 Pin enB

#define R_S A0 //ir sensor Right

#define L_S A1 //ir sensor Left

int bt_data; // variable to receive data from the serial port

int Speed = 180;

int mode=0;

void setup(){ // put your setup code here, to run once

pinMode(R_S, INPUT); // declare if sensor as input

pinMode(L_S, INPUT); // declare ir sensor as input

pinMode(enA, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin enA

pinMode(in1, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in1
pinMode(in2, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in2
pinMode(in3, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in3
pinMode(in4, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in4
pinMode(enB, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin enB

Serial.begin(9600); // start serial communication at 9600bps

BT_Serial.begin(9600);
delay(500);
}

void loop(){

if(BT_Serial.available() > 0){ //if some date is sent, reads it and saves in state
bt_data = BT_Serial.read();
if(bt_data > 20){Speed = bt_data;}

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}

if(bt_data == 8){mode=1; Speed=130;} //Auto Line Follower Command

else if(bt_data == 9){mode=0; Stop();} //Manual Android Application Control Command

analogWrite(enA, Speed); // Write The Duty Cycle 0 to 255 Enable Pin A for Motor1 Speed
analogWrite(enB, Speed); // Write The Duty Cycle 0 to 255 Enable Pin B for Motor2 Speed

if(mode==0){

if(bt_data == 1){forword(); } // if the bt_data is '1' the DC motor will go

forward else if(bt_data == 2){backword();} // if the bt_data is '2' the motor will
Reverse else if(bt_data == 3){turnLeft();} // if the bt_data is '3' the motor will turn
left
else if(bt_data == 4){turnRight();} // if the bt_data is '4' the motor will turn
right else if(bt_data == 5){Stop(); } // if the bt_data '5' the motor will
Stop

else if(bt_data == 6){turnLeft(); delay(400); bt_data = 5;}

else if(bt_data == 7){turnRight(); delay(400); bt_data = 5;}
}else{

void forword(){ //forword

digitalWrite(in1, HIGH); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, LOW); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, LOW); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, HIGH); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void backword(){ //backword

digitalWrite(in1, LOW); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, HIGH); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, HIGH); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, LOW); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void turnRight(){ //turnRight

digitalWrite(in1, LOW); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, HIGH); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, LOW); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, HIGH); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void turnLeft(){ //turnLeft

digitalWrite(in1, HIGH); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, LOW); //Right Motor backword Pin
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digitalWrite(in3, HIGH); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, LOW); //Left Motor forword Pin

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}

void Stop(){ //stop

digitalWrite(in1, LOW); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, LOW); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, LOW); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, LOW); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

4x Gear Motor - (ArduinoUno)

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial BT_Serial(2, 3); // RX, TX

#define enA 10//Enable1 L298 Pin enA

#define in1 9 //Motor1 L298 Pin in1
#define in2 8 //Motor1 L298 Pin in1
#define in3 7 //Motor2 L298 Pin in1
#define in4 6 //Motor2 L298 Pin in1
#define enB 5 //Enable2 L298 Pin enB

#define R_S A0 //ir sensor Right

#define L_S A1 //ir sensor Left

int bt_data; // variable to receive data from the serial port

int Speed = 180;

int mode=0;

void setup(){ // put your setup code here, to run once

pinMode(R_S, INPUT); // declare if sensor as input

pinMode(L_S, INPUT); // declare ir sensor as input

pinMode(enA, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin enA

pinMode(in1, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in1
pinMode(in2, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in2
pinMode(in3, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in3
pinMode(in4, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin in4
pinMode(enB, OUTPUT); // declare as output for L298 Pin enB

Serial.begin(9600); // start serial communication at 9600bps

BT_Serial.begin(9600);
delay(500);
}
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 void loop(){

if(BT_Serial.available() > 0){ //if some date is sent, reads it and saves in state
bt_data = BT_Serial.read();
if(bt_data > 20){Speed = bt_data;}
}

if(bt_data == 8){mode=1; Speed=130;} //Auto Line Follower Command

else if(bt_data == 9){mode=0; Stop();} //Manual Android Application Control Command

analogWrite(enA, Speed); // Write The Duty Cycle 0 to 255 Enable Pin A for Motor1 Speed
analogWrite(enB, Speed); // Write The Duty Cycle 0 to 255 Enable Pin B for Motor2 Speed

if(mode==0){
//===============================================================================
// Key Control Command
//===============================================================================
if(bt_data == 1){forword(); } // if the bt_data is '1' the DC motor will go
forward else if(bt_data == 2){backword();} // if the bt_data is '2' the motor will
Reverse else if(bt_data == 3){turnLeft();} // if the bt_data is '3' the motor will turn
left
else if(bt_data == 4){turnRight();} // if the bt_data is '4' the motor will turn
right else if(bt_data == 5){Stop(); } // if the bt_data '5' the motor will
Stop

//===============================================================================
// Voice Control Command
//===============================================================================
else if(bt_data == 6){turnLeft(); delay(400); bt_data = 5;}
else if(bt_data == 7){turnRight(); delay(400); bt_data = 5;}
}else{
//===============================================================================
// Line Follower Control
//===============================================================================
if((digitalRead(R_S) == 0)&&(digitalRead(L_S) == 0)){forword();} //if Right Sensor and Left Sensor are at White color then it will call
forword function
if((digitalRead(R_S) == 1)&&(digitalRead(L_S) == 0)){turnRight();}//if Right Sensor is Black and Left Sensor is White then it will call
turn Right function
if((digitalRead(R_S) == 0)&&(digitalRead(L_S) == 1)){turnLeft();} //if Right Sensor is White and Left Sensor is Black then it will call
turn Left function
if((digitalRead(R_S) == 1)&&(digitalRead(L_S) == 1)){Stop();} //if Right Sensor and Left Sensor are at Black color then it will
call Stop function
}

delay(10);

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}

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void forword(){ //forword
digitalWrite(in1, HIGH); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, LOW); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, LOW); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, HIGH); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void backword(){ //backword

digitalWrite(in1, LOW); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, HIGH); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, HIGH); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, LOW); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void turnRight(){ //turnRight

digitalWrite(in1, LOW); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, HIGH); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, LOW); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, HIGH); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void turnLeft(){ //turnLeft

digitalWrite(in1, HIGH); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, LOW); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, HIGH); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, LOW); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

void Stop(){ //stop

digitalWrite(in1, LOW); //Right Motor forword Pin
digitalWrite(in2, LOW); //Right Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in3, LOW); //Left Motor backword Pin
digitalWrite(in4, LOW); //Left Motor forword Pin
}

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 Chapter 6: Results and Application

1.1 Home Page View:

Figure 6.1 Home Page view

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1.2 Exit Page View:

Figure 6.2 Exit Page view

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1.3 Working:

Figure 6.3 working

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1.4 Application of Automated Garbage Collector :

1. Smart Waste Management in Urban Areas:

The automated garbage collector can be used in cities and towns to collect garbage from streets and
public places. Reduces manual labor and ensures cleaner surroundings through regular and
efficient waste collection.

2. Educational Demonstrations and Projects:

Helps students understand automation, robotics, and environmental management. Can be used in school
and colleges as a practical demonstration of smart technology for sustainable development.

3. Hospitals and Large Campuses:

Useful in places like hospitals, university campuses, and tech parks where regular waste
collectio is needed. Ensures hygiene by automating the garbage collection process without
human involvement.

4. Parks, Malls, and Public Spaces:

Can be deployed in parks, shopping malls, and public venues to collect litter automatically. Enhances
cleanliness and provides a tech-based solution to maintaining public hygiene.

5. Eco-Friendly and Labor-Saving Solution:

Reduces human effort in waste collection and supports an eco-friendly environment. Promotes
automation in everyday tasks and can be a part of smart city initiatives to improve waste
management system.

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 Chapter 7: Conclusion and Future scope

7.1 Conclusion:

In today’s rapidly growing urban environments, efficient waste management is essential to maintain
cleanliness and hygiene. The Automated Garbage Collector is designed to reduce human effort and
improve the way waste is collected in public and private spaces. By using a combination of hardware
and software components, this project offers a smart, mobile solution that can navigate and collect waste
with minimal human intervention.With the integration of Arduino microcontrollers, Bluetooth
connectivity, and mobile app control, this system demonstrates how automation and technology can
come together to solve real-world environmental challenges. It is a step towards smarter cities, cleaner
surroundings, and reduced dependency on manual labor for repetitive and unhygienic tasks.
As society continues to adopt automation in everyday life, projects like the Automated Garbage
Collector are not just innovative but essential. They showcase how technology can contribute to
sustainability, efficiency, and better living conditions, paving the way for a cleaner and greener future.

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 7.2 Future scope:

The Automated Garbage Collector project holds significant potential for future development, offering
smarter, cleaner, and more efficient waste management solutions. With ongoing advancements in
robotics and automation, the system can be enhanced in several innovative ways:

1. Integration with Sensors and AI for Smart Navigation

Adding ultrasonic, infrared, or LIDAR sensors along with AI algorithms can allow the system to
detect obstacles, identify trash, and navigate autonomously without manual control.

2. Solar Power Integration for Sustainable Operation

Incorporating solar panels can make the garbage collector energy-efficient and environmentally
friendly, reducing dependency on batteries and promoting green technology.

3. Real-Time Monitoring and IoT Connectivity

Future versions can include IoT modules to track the robot’s location, battery status, and trash
capacity in real time. This data can be accessed via a cloud-based dashboard for remote
monitoring.

4. Wearables Automated Trash Sorting and Compression

Upgrading the system to detect and separate biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste can help in
proper disposal and recycling. Adding a compacting mechanism will increase the bin's capacity.

5. Voice and App-Based Control Enhancements

The existing app can be improved with voice command features and user-friendly controls,
allowing easier interaction for people of all ages and abilities.

6. Deployment in Large-Scale Public Infrastructure

With further development, the system can be scaled for use in cities, airports, campuses, and
industrial areas, contributing to smart city initiatives and improved public hygiene.

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7. Integration with Voice Assistants and IoT
The garbage collector can be connected to voice assistants like Google Assistant, Alexa, and Siri. It
can also be part of smart infrastructure in homes, hospitals, and workplaces, enabling remote
control and scheduling through voice or IoT-enabled systems

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 Chapter 8: References and Bibliography

1.1 References and Bibliography

 Arduino Official Website – https://www.arduino.cc/

 Bluetooth Module HC-05 Datasheet – https://components101.com
 Gear Motor Specificationsand Applications – https://www.electronicscomp.com
 Servo Motor Basics and Usage – https://www.engineersgarage.com
 Li-Ion Battery Charging Modules and Circuits – https://circuitdigest.com
 Mobile App Source for Control – GitHub Repository (Used for remote control of
the garbage collector via Bluetooth)
 Sensors and Smart Waste Management: Sharma, R., & Singh, P. (2021). IoT Based Smart
Waste Collection System. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT).
 Kumar, A., & Verma, S. (2020). Automated Waste Collection Robot Using Arduino and IoT.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM).

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