COMPETENCY – BASED

LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector:
TOURISM SECTOR (HOTEL AND RESTAURANT)
Qualification Title:
FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICES NC II
Unit of Competency:
PERFORM WORKPLACE AND SAFETY PRACTICES
Module Title:
PERFORMING WORKPLACE AND SAFETY PRACTICES

Southern Luzon State University

LUCENA CAMPUS

FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICES NC II

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 COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Competencies

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1 Develop and update Developing and updating TRS311201

industry knowledge industry knowledge
2 Observe workplace Observing workplace TRS311202
hygiene procedures hygiene procedures
3 Perform computer Performing computer TRS311203
operations operations
4 Perform workplace and Performing workplace and TRS311204
safety practices safety practices
5 Provide effective customer Providing effective TRS311205
service customer service

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 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Welcome to the module "Performing workplace and safety practices" This module
contains materials and activities that you need to complete.

The unit of competency "Perform workplace and safety practices" covers the
knowledge, skills, and attitude required to maintain proper hygiene in the workplace.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities to achieve each learning
outcome of this module. Each learning outcome includes Information Sheets, Activity
Sheets, and Assessment Sheets. Follow these activities independently and answer the Self-
Check at the end of each learning activity.

If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.

After completing this module, request an assessment from your teacher. The result of
your assessment will be recorded in your Competency Profile. All learning activities are
designed for you to complete at your own pace.

Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete followed
by relevant information sheets for each outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.

Remember To:

 Read the Information Sheets and Complete the Self-Checks.

 Perform the Task Sheets, Operation Sheets, and Job Sheets until you are confident
that your output meets the Performance Criteria Checklist that follows the worksheets.
 Submit outputs from the Task Sheets, Operation Sheets, and Job Sheets to your
facilitator for evaluation and recording in the Achievement Chart. These outputs will
serve as part of your portfolio during the Institutional Competency Evaluation.
 When you feel confident that you have practiced enough, ask your trainer to evaluate
you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in your Achievement Chart and
Progress Chart.

You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this competency before
proceeding to another competency. A Certificate of Achievement will be awarded to
you after successfully passing the evaluation.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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NO. TITLE PAGE

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1 COVER PAGE 1
2 Qualification Title 2
3 How to use this Competency – based Learning Materials 3
4 Table of Contents 4
5 Module Content 5
6 Learning Outcome 1 6
7 Learning Experiences 7
8 Information Sheet 1.1-1 8
9 Self-Check No. 1.1-1 16
10 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 1.1-1 18
11 Information Sheet 1.2-1 19
12 Self-Check No. 1.2-1 25
13 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 1.2-1 27
14 Job sheet learning outcome no. 1 28
15 Performance criteria checklist for Job sheet LO no. 1 30
16 Learning Outcome no. 2 31
17 Learning Experiences 33
18 Information Sheet 2.1-1 34
19 Self-Check No. 2.1-1 39
20 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 2.1-1 42
21 Information Sheet 2.2-1 43
22 Self-Check No. 2.2-1 47
23 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 2.2-1 50
24 Job sheet learning outcome no. 2 51
25 Performance criteria checklist for Job sheet LO no. 2 53
26 Learning Outcome no. 3 54
27 Learning Experiences 55
28 Information Sheet 3.1-1 56
29 Self-Check No. 3.1-1 60
30 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 3.1-1 63
31 Job sheet learning outcome no. 3 64
32 Performance criteria checklist for Job sheet LO no. 3 66
33 Learning Outcome no. 4 67
34 Learning Experiences 68
35 Information Sheet 4.1-1 69
46 Self-Check No.4.1-1 73
37 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 4.1-1 74
38 Information Sheet 4.2-1 75
39 Self-Check No.4.2-1 80
40 Answer Key for Self-Check No. 4.2-1 81
41 References 85

MODULE CONTENT

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Qualification Title: FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICES NC II

Unit of Competency: PERFORM WORKPLACE AND SAFETY

PRACTICES

Module Title: PERFORMING WORKPLACE AND SAFETY PRACTICES

Introduction: This module covers the knowledge, skills

and attitudes in following health, safety and security
practices. It includes dealing with emergency situations
and maintaining safe personal presentation standards.

Learning Outcome:
Upon completion of this module, you must be able to:

LO1. Practice workplace safety, security and hygiene systems, processes and operation
LO2. Responds appropriately to faults, problems and emergency situations
LO3. 5’s in Workplace
LO4. Environmental Protection Awareness

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 LEARNING OUTCOME NO.1
Practice workplace safety, security and hygiene systems,
processes and operation

CONTENTS:
• Health, safety and security procedures
• Breaches procedures

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1.1 Correct healthy, safety and security procedures are complied in line with the
legislation and regulation
1.2 Correct health, safety and security procedures are followed.
1.3 Breaches of health, safety and security procedures are identified.

CONDITIONS:
Manuals
Handbook safety and security
Report (sample)

METHODOLOGIES:
Self paced/modular
Demonstration
Small group discussion
Distance education

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Written/Oral examination
Practical demonstration

LEARNING EXPERIENCES
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Learning Outcome No. 1
Practice workplace safety, security and hygiene systems, processes and operation
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet 1.1-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
1.1 Answer self-check 1.1-1 your understanding by completing the self-
1.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 1.1-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
2. Read information sheet 1.2-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
2.1 Answer self-check 1.2-1 your understanding by completing the self-
2.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 1.2-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
3. Answer job sheet for learning outcome Evaluate the work of the trainee based on the
no. 1 performance criteria checklist

Information Sheet 1.1-1

Health, Safety, and Security Procedures

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Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Identify the significance of workplace safety in food and beverage service.

 Analyze the benefits of maintaining a safe work environment.

INTRODUCTION

Ensuring health, safety, and security in the workplace is very important. It helps
prevent accidents, injuries, and illnesses that can affect workers. A safe workplace increases
productivity and keeps workers healthy. Every worker must follow safety procedures to
reduce risks and keep the workplace hazard-free. In this module, you will learn about
different health, safety, and security procedures that are necessary in the workplace.

What is Workplace Health and Safety?

Workplace health and safety (WHS) refers to the policies, procedures, and regulations that
ensure a safe and secure work environment. These practices are designed to prevent
accidents, injuries, and illnesses by identifying hazards, implementing control measures, and
fostering a culture of safety in the workplace. Organizations must provide proper training and
equipment to workers so that they can perform their tasks safely and efficiently.

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Key Elements of Workplace Health and Safety:

✅ Risk identification and assessment ✅ Proper handling of tools and equipment

✅ Use of personal protective equipment ✅ Fire safety and emergency response
(PPE) ✅ Workplace hygiene and sanitation

Workplace Hazards and Risks

A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause harm, while risk is the likelihood of the
hazard causing harm. Understanding different types of hazards is crucial for maintaining
workplace safety.

Types of Workplace Hazards:

Physical Hazards – Noise, extreme temperatures,

slippery floors, falling objects.

 Noise pollution from machinery that can cause

hearing loss
 Extreme temperatures that can lead to heat
exhaustion or hypothermia
 Slippery floors that increase the risk of falls
 Falling objects that can cause head injuries

Chemical Hazards – Toxic substances,

fumes, flammable liquids

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 Toxic substances like cleaning chemicals, pesticides, and industrial solvents
 Fumes from paints, adhesives, or welding materials
 Flammable liquids such as gasoline and alcohol-based solutions that can cause fires
 Improper chemical storage leading to dangerous reactions

Biological Hazards – Viruses, bacteria,

mold, animal bites

 Viruses like the flu or COVID-19 spreading in

a crowded workplace
 Bacteria found in contaminated food or
unclean work areas
 Mold growth in damp environments causing
respiratory issues
 Animal or insect bites that may transmit
diseases

Ergonomic Hazards – Poor workstation

setup, repetitive movements
 Poor workstation setup that causes back pain
or eye strain
 Lifting heavy objects incorrectly, leading to
muscle injuries

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  Repetitive motions such as typing for long hours, which can cause carpal tunnel
syndrome
 Poor posture while working, leading to chronic pain

Psychosocial Hazards – Stress, workplace

violence, long working hours
 High-pressure work environments that cause
excessive stress
 Workplace violence or harassment from
coworkers or customers
 Long working hours without sufficient breaks

Implementing Safety Procedures

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is designed to minimize exposure to workplace hazards

that can cause serious injuries or illnesses. PPE acts as a barrier between the worker and
potential dangers in the workplace. Employers must provide the necessary PPE, and workers
must wear it properly to ensure maximum protection. The type of PPE required depends on
the nature of the job, the hazards involved, and workplace safety regulations.

Using PPE correctly can prevent severe injuries, illnesses, and long-term health
complications. However, PPE should always be used in combination with other safety
measures, such as proper training, hazard control, and safe work practices.

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Examples of PPE and Their Uses:

Hard Hat – Protects the head from falling objects, electrical hazards, and impact injuries.
Essential in construction sites, warehouses, and industrial settings.

Safety Gloves – Prevents cuts, burns, and exposure to harmful substances. Different gloves
are used for different hazards, such as chemical-resistant gloves for handling toxic substances
and heat-resistant gloves for working with hot materials.

Safety Goggles – Shields eyes and face from dust, chemicals, flying debris, and sparks.
Necessary in laboratories, manufacturing, and welding operations.

Ear Protection (Earplugs or Earmuffs) – Reduces noise exposure from loud machinery,
preventing hearing damage. Common in construction sites, factories, and airports.

Steel-Toe Boots – Protects feet from heavy objects, sharp materials, and electrical hazards.
Used in construction, warehousing, and logistics.

Respirators and Masks – Filters out harmful dust, fumes, and airborne contaminants,
preventing respiratory diseases. Important in medical, chemical, and industrial workplaces.

High-Visibility Clothing – Improves worker visibility, reducing the risk of accidents,

especially in low-light conditions. Essential for road workers, airport staff, and construction
workers.

Fire Safety and Emergency Response

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Fires can occur due to electrical faults, flammable materials, or negligence. Understanding
fire safety protocols is essential to prevent workplace fires, minimize damage, and save lives.
Every worker should know how to prevent fires, respond to fire emergencies, and use fire-
fighting equipment correctly.

Fire Prevention Tips:

✅ Keep flammable materials away from heat sources such as stoves, heaters, or exposed
electrical wiring.

✅ Do not overload electrical outlets, as this can cause overheating and electrical fires.

✅ Store chemicals properly in designated areas with appropriate safety labels.

✅ Keep exits and pathways clear to ensure easy evacuation in case of a fire.

Types of Fire Extinguishers:

Class A – Used for fires involving

ordinary materials such as wood, paper,
and cloth.

Class B – Designed for fires involving

flammable liquids like oil, gasoline, and
grease.

Class C – Suitable for electrical fires

caused by faulty wiring or short circuits.

Class D – Specifically for combustible

metal fires, such as magnesium or
titanium.

Class K – Used for kitchen fires involving

cooking oils and fats.

Handling Workplace Emergencies

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Emergencies such as earthquakes, fires, or medical incidents require a quick and organized
response. Workers should be familiar with emergency procedures and participate in regular
safety drills to ensure they know how to act in critical situations.

Emergency Response Steps:

1 Stay calm and assess the situation - Avoid panic and quickly determine the best course of
action.

2 Follow company emergency protocols - Adhere to established safety procedures.

3 Evacuate safely using designated exits - Do not use elevators during emergencies.

4 Use first aid if necessary - Provide basic medical assistance until professional help arrives.

5 Report the incident to the supervisor or safety officer

WORKPLACE EMERGENCY EVACUATION PLAN TEMPLATE

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Security Measures in the Workplace

Workplace Security Protocols

Workplace security ensures that employees, equipment, and information are protected from
threats like theft, unauthorized access, and cyber-attacks.

Basic Security Measures:

✅ Identification badges and access control

✅ Surveillance cameras and alarm systems

✅ Cybersecurity measures (password protection, data encryption)

✅ Reporting suspicious activities

Self-Check 1.1-1
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Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the primary purpose of workplace health, safety, and security procedures?
a) To increase employee workload
b) To create additional paperwork
c) To prevent accidents and ensure a safe working environment
d) To limit employee freedom

2. Which of the following is NOT a key component of workplace safety?

a) Identifying hazards
b) Ignoring minor accidents
c) Using personal protective equipment (PPE)
d) Following safety regulations

3. Why is it important to follow workplace security procedures?

a) To increase company expenses
b) To protect employees, customers, and company assets
c) To slow down daily operations
d) To allow unauthorized individuals easy access

4. What should an employee do if they notice a safety hazard in the workplace?

a) Ignore it and continue working
b) Fix it without informing anyone
c) Report it to a supervisor or safety officer immediately
d) Wait for someone else to notice it

5. What is the first step in handling a workplace accident?

a) Panic and call for help
b) Assess the situation and ensure your safety first
c) Leave the injured person and find a manager
d) Take pictures for social media

6.Which of the following is an example of a workplace security measure?

a) Leaving doors unlocked for easy access
b) Allowing visitors to roam freely
c) Using ID badges and security cameras
d) Sharing security codes with unauthorized people

7. How can employees contribute to maintaining a safe workplace?

a) Ignoring safety rules when they are busy
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b) Following safety procedures and reporting hazards
c) Avoiding training sessions
d) Relying only on supervisors for safety enforcement

8. Which of these actions violates health and safety protocols?

a) Wearing proper PPE while handling chemicals
b) Keeping emergency exits clear at all times
c) Using wet hands to operate electrical equipment
d) Reporting unsafe conditions to management

9. What does "hazard" mean in workplace safety?

a) A fun workplace activity
b) Anything that has the potential to cause harm
c) A reward for employees
d) A type of training session

10. Why is emergency preparedness important in the workplace?

a) It helps employees react effectively in dangerous situations
b) It is only required for large companies
c) It is a waste of time
d) It prevents minor injuries from happening

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 Answer Key 1.1-1

1. C
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. C
9. B
10. A

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 Information Sheet 1.2 -1

Breaches procedures
Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Identify common safety breaches in the food and beverage industry.

 Explain the correct procedures for reporting and addressing safety breaches.

INTRODUCTION

Breaches in workplace procedures occur when established safety, security, or

operational policies are not followed. These breaches can pose risks to employees, customers,
and business operations. Understanding how to identify and respond to breaches ensures a
safe, compliant, and efficient work environment.

Failing to manage breaches properly can lead to serious consequences, such as

financial losses, reputational damage, legal penalties, and even workplace injuries. Therefore,
businesses must ensure that all employees are well-trained in breach management and
prevention.

1. Common Types of Workplace Breaches

Breaches can occur in different forms, including:

1.1 Health and Safety Breaches

These breaches involve violations of safety protocols and hygiene standards, which can lead
to food contamination, injuries, or other hazards. Examples include:

Not wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, aprons, and hairnets.

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Improper storage of perishable items, leading to food spoilage.

Ignoring fire safety measures, such as blocking emergency exits.

1.2 Security Breaches

Security breaches occur when unauthorized individuals gain access to restricted areas, or
when employees fail to follow security protocols. Examples include:

Leaving cash registers unattended or open.

Allowing unauthorized personnel into storage or kitchen areas.

Employees sharing access codes or keys with non-authorized individuals.

1.3 Operational Breaches

These breaches involve employees not following standard operating procedures (SOPs),
leading to inefficiencies and mistakes in service. Examples include:

Skipping steps in food preparation, leading to inconsistent quality.

Mishandling customer orders, resulting in complaints and dissatisfaction.

Failure to document inventory properly, leading to stock shortages.

1.4 Confidentiality Breaches

Confidentiality breaches occur when sensitive business or customer information is shared

with unauthorized parties. Examples include:

Disclosing customers' personal information without their consent.

Sharing employee salary details with others.

Revealing business plans or strategies to competitors.

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2. Steps in Handling Workplace Breaches

When a breach occurs, employees must act promptly to minimize risks. The steps include:

Identify the Breach – Observe and confirm that a violation of procedure has taken place.
This may involve reviewing security footage, talking to witnesses, or inspecting work areas.

Report the Incident – Notify the supervisor, manager, or designated safety officer
immediately. Delayed reporting can escalate problems and increase risks.

Contain the Breach – Take necessary actions to prevent further harm, such as isolating a
contaminated food item, stopping an unauthorized person from entering restricted areas, or
securing loose wires to prevent electrical hazards.

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Investigate the Cause – Determine why the breach happened and who was involved. This
could involve reviewing documentation, interviewing employees, or checking compliance
records.

Implement Corrective Measures – Provide training, issue warnings, or enforce stricter

policies to prevent recurrence. For severe breaches, disciplinary action may be necessary.

Monitor Compliance – Regularly check to ensure that corrective actions are being followed
and that the same breach does not happen again.

3. Legal and Ethical Responsibilities

Employees and employers have legal obligations to prevent and address workplace breaches.
Key responsibilities include:

Adhering to company policies and industry regulations.

Reporting observed breaches immediately.

Maintaining confidentiality and ethical standards.

Failing to address breaches properly may result in penalties, termination, or legal action. In
the food and beverage industry, businesses must comply with national food safety laws, labor
regulations, and workplace health and safety standards to avoid violations.

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4. Strategies to Prevent Workplace Breaches

To minimize the occurrence of workplace breaches, businesses can adopt the following
strategies:

Regular Training – Employees should receive ongoing training on workplace safety,

security, and compliance protocols.

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Clear Communication – Clear policies and procedures should be documented and
communicated to all staff members.

Strict Access Control – Limit access to sensitive areas and ensure that only authorized
personnel handle cash, food preparation, and confidential information.

Routine Inspections – Conduct regular audits and inspections to identify and correct
potential breaches before they escalate.

Encouraging a Reporting Culture – Employees should feel safe to report breaches without
fear of retaliation.

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 Self-Check 1.2-1

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1.What is a breach of workplace safety procedures?

a) A reward given for good behavior
b) A violation of established health and safety policies
c) A routine check-up by the management
d) A new workplace policy

2.Which of the following is an example of a workplace safety breach?

a) Wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) properly
b) Ignoring a spill on the floor and not reporting it
c) Following emergency evacuation procedures
d) Using equipment according to safety guidelines

3.What should you do if you witness a workplace safety breach?

a) Ignore it and continue working
b) Report it to a supervisor or safety officer immediately
c) Participate in the breach to avoid conflict
d) Wait for management to notice it

4.Who is responsible for addressing safety breaches in the workplace?

a) Only the managers and supervisors
b) Only the safety officer
c) Every employee, along with management and safety officers
d) Only the employees directly involved

5.What could happen if workplace safety breaches are ignored?

a) Increased productivity and efficiency
b) Higher chances of accidents, injuries, or legal penalties
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c) Fewer safety rules in the future
d) Employees will receive rewards for non-compliance

6.Which of the following is the correct response to a minor safety breach?

a) Report it, even if it seems small, to prevent future risks
b) Cover it up to avoid consequences
c) Blame someone else for the incident
d) Only report it if someone gets injured

7.Why is it important to report safety breaches immediately?

a) To ensure they are corrected before causing harm
b) To create more paperwork for employees
c) To make the workplace environment stressful
d) To delay productivity in the company

8.Which of the following is an example of a serious safety breach?

a) Forgetting to wear a name tag at work
b) Leaving electrical wires exposed in a wet area
c) Cleaning your workstation at the end of a shift
d) Asking a colleague for help lifting heavy objects

9.What can employers do to prevent safety breaches?

a) Conduct regular safety training and enforce policies
b) Ignore minor safety issues and only focus on major ones
c) Allow employees to decide which safety rules to follow
d) Reduce safety inspections to save time

10.How can employees help reduce workplace safety breaches?

a) Follow safety procedures and report unsafe practices
b) Ignore minor hazards to avoid trouble
c) Wait for someone else to report a problem
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d) Work faster by skipping safety steps

Answer Key 1.2-1

1. B

2. B

3. B

4. C

5. B

6. A

7. A

8. B

9. A

10. A

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 JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 1
Title: Practice Workplace Safety, Security, and Hygiene Systems, Processes, and Operation

Performance Objective:
To demonstrate adherence to workplace safety, security, and hygiene procedures by
following established protocols and best practices.

Supplies/Materials:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (gloves, face masks, aprons)

Disinfectant wipes or spray

Hand soap (antibacterial)

Alcohol-based hand sanitizer

Cleaning cloths or paper towels

Warning signs (e.g., "Wet Floor," "Caution")

Fire extinguisher (for demonstration)

Equipment:

Handwashing sink with running water

First aid kit

Trash bins with lids (segregated for different waste types)

Security monitoring system (if applicable)

Cleaning and sanitizing station

Steps/Procedure:

1. Understand Workplace Safety and Security Policies:

Review company policies on safety, security, and hygiene.

 Identify potential workplace hazards and risks.

 Recognize emergency procedures and evacuation routes.

2. Follow Proper Workplace Hygiene Procedures:

 Wash hands thoroughly before and after tasks.
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 Wear clean and appropriate work attire, including PPE if necessary.

 Maintain cleanliness by sanitizing workstations and equipment.

3. Implement Workplace Safety Measures:

 Identify and report hazards such as spills, damaged equipment, or blocked exits.

 Use proper lifting techniques to avoid injury.

 Follow safe handling procedures for tools and equipment.

4. Maintain Workplace Security:

 Adhere to access control policies (e.g., ID badge scanning, visitor logs).

 Report suspicious activities to security personnel.

 Lock up valuable items and confidential materials securely.

5. Respond to Emergencies Properly:

Identify emergency exits and assembly points.

 Use fire extinguishers correctly in case of small fires.

 Follow first aid procedures for minor injuries.

 Report accidents immediately to the appropriate personnel.

6. Properly Dispose of Waste and Hazardous Materials:

 Segregate waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and hazardous categories.

 Ensure trash bins are covered and emptied regularly.

 Dispose of hazardous materials following safety protocols.

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Direct observation of the candidate following workplace safety, security, and hygiene
procedures.

 Evaluation of compliance with workplace standards.

 Practical demonstration of emergency response, waste disposal, and security protocols.

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST LO NO. 1
JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME 1

CRITERIA YES NO
Workplace safety, security, and hygiene policies and legal requirements
are identified and followed accordingly.

Proper handwashing and hygiene practices are demonstrated correctly.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn and used appropriately.

Workstations and equipment are cleaned, sanitized, and maintained

properly.
Workplace hazards and risks are identified, reported, and addressed.

Workplace security measures (e.g., access control, reporting suspicious

activity) are followed correctly.

Emergency procedures (e.g., fire response, first aid, evacuation) are

understood and followed.

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 LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 2

Responds appropriately to faults, problems and emergency situations

CONTENTS:
Emergency procedure
 Personal injuries
 Fire
 Electrocution
 Natural calamity
 Criminal acts
Safe personal presentation standard

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

2.1 Emergency and potential emergency are recognized and appropriate action are taken
2.2 Emergency procedures are followed in line with enterprise procedures
2.3 Assistance is sought from colleagues to resolve or respond to emergency situation
2.4 Safe personal presentation standard are identified and followed

CONDITIONS:
Emergency procedure manuals
Handbook safety and security
Report
Emergency drills – instruction/guidelines

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METHODOLOGY:
Self paced/modular
Demonstration
Small group discussion
Distance education

ASSESSMENT METHODS
Written/Oral examination
Practical demonstration
Observation

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 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome No. 2

Emergency procedure
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet 2.1-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
1.1 Answer self-check 2.1-1 your understanding by completing the self-
1.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 2.1-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
2. Read information sheet 2.1-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
2.1 Answer self-check 2.2-1 your understanding by completing the self-
2.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 2.2-1
Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
3. Answer job sheet for learning outcome Evaluate the work of the trainee based on the
no. 2 performance criteria checklist

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 Information sheet 2.1-1
Emergency procedure

Learning objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Explain the proper steps to follow during workplace emergencies.

 Demonstrate appropriate emergency response actions to ensure safety.

Responding Appropriately to Faults, Problems, and Emergency Situations

Understanding how to respond appropriately to faults, problems, and emergency

situations is crucial in ensuring workplace safety and efficiency. This module aims to equip
learners with the knowledge and skills needed to identify various emergency situations that
may arise, including personal injuries, electrocution, natural calamities, and criminal acts.
Learners will gain a deeper understanding of how to assess risks, apply immediate and
appropriate responses, and follow workplace safety protocols effectively. By the end of this
module, they should be able to demonstrate the ability to remain calm under pressure, make
informed decisions during emergencies, and take necessary actions to protect themselves and
others. Additionally, they will learn the importance of proper incident reporting and how to
contribute to a safer working environment through proactive safety measures.

Emergency Procedures

1. Personal Injuries
Personal injuries in the workplace can range from minor cuts and burns to severe fractures
and head injuries. Immediate response is crucial to prevent further complications.
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Response Procedures:

 Assess the severity of the injury.

 If the injury is minor, provide first aid (e.g., disinfecting and bandaging a wound).
 For serious injuries, avoid moving the victim unless necessary and call for medical
assistance.
 Ensure the injured person is comfortable and reassure them while waiting for help.
 Report the incident to the designated safety officer.

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2. Electrocution
Electrocution occurs when a person comes into contact with an electric current. This can
result in burns, cardiac arrest, or even death if not handled properly.

Response Procedures:
 DO NOT touch the victim if they are still in contact with the electrical source.
 Turn off the power supply immediately if safe to do so.
 Use a non-conductive object (wood, plastic) to separate the victim from the power
source.
 Call emergency services and provide CPR if the victim is unresponsive and not
breathing.
 Seek medical attention even if the victim appears fine.

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3. Natural Calamity

Natural calamities such as earthquakes, typhoons, and floods can pose serious risks to life and
property. Preparedness and quick response can minimize damage.

Response Procedures:

 During an Earthquake:
 Take cover under sturdy furniture or against a wall away from windows.
 Stay indoors until the shaking stops and it's safe to exit.
 If outside, move to an open area away from buildings and trees.
 During a Typhoon/Flood:
 Stay updated with weather alerts and evacuate if necessary.
 Secure important documents and emergency kits.
 Avoid floodwaters as they may be contaminated or hide hazards.

4. Criminal Acts

Criminal acts such as theft, vandalism, or violent attacks can occur unexpectedly. Remaining
calm and following safety procedures can help mitigate risks.

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Response Procedures:

 Stay calm and avoid sudden movements.

 Observe details about the suspect (appearance, behavior, etc.).
 Do not attempt to confront the criminal unless trained to do so.
 If possible, alert authorities discreetly.
 After the incident, report it to security personnel and provide necessary information.

Emergencies can happen anytime and anywhere. Being prepared and knowing the
correct response can save lives and minimize damage. Regular safety drills, awareness
training, and strict adherence to workplace safety protocols are essential to handling
emergencies effectively.

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 Self-check 2.1-1

1. What is the primary goal of emergency procedures in the workplace?

a) To create fear among employees

b) To ensure a quick and organized response to emergencies

c) To avoid reporting incidents to management

d) To test employees' ability to handle stress

2. Which of the following should be done first in case of a fire emergency?

a) Gather personal belongings before evacuating

b) Use the nearest fire exit and proceed to the assembly area

c) Wait for a manager's approval before leaving the building

d) Ignore the alarm if you don’t see any fire

3. What is the correct action to take if you discover a gas leak in the workplace?

a) Turn on electrical appliances to check for damage

b) Light a match to locate the source of the leak

c) Evacuate the area and report the leak immediately

d) Ignore it if there is no visible damage

4. In the event of an earthquake, what is the safest action to take?

a) Run outside immediately

b) Stand near large windows for a better view

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 c) Drop, cover, and hold under a sturdy table or desk

d) Use the elevator to evacuate the building

5. What should employees do if they witness a medical emergency in the workplace?

a) Provide first aid only if trained to do so and call for medical assistance

b) Ignore the incident and let others handle it

c) Move the injured person immediately, even if unsure of their condition

d) Wait until the shift ends before reporting it

6. Why is it important to know the workplace emergency exits?

a) To find shortcuts for leaving work early

b) To escape safely and quickly during an emergency

c) To store personal items in case of an evacuation

d) To use them only during fire drills

7. When should an employee report an emergency situation?

a) Only if it directly affects them

b) As soon as possible, to the appropriate personnel

c) Only if someone else has not reported it yet

d) When they have enough free time during work

8. How should hazardous chemical spills be handled in the workplace?

a) Clean it up immediately with any available cloth

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 b) Report it and follow proper spill containment procedures

c) Ignore it unless there is a strong odor

d) Pour water on it to dilute the chemical

9. What is the purpose of an assembly area during an evacuation?

a) To separate employees based on job roles

b) To conduct a headcount and ensure everyone is safe

c) To keep employees away from rescue teams

d) To discuss work tasks while waiting for the emergency to end

10. How often should emergency drills be conducted in the workplace?

a) Only when there is a real emergency

b) At least once a year, as per company policy

c) Only when new employees join the company

d) Whenever employees request them

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 Answer Key 2.1-1

1. B

2. B

3. C

4. C

5. A

6. B

7. B

8. B

9. B

10. B

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 Information sheet 2.2-1

Safe personal presentation standard

Learning Objectives

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Identify the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and grooming in the workplace.
 Apply safe personal presentation standards to ensure food safety and workplace
professionalism.

Introduction:

Personal presentation is a critical aspect of working in the food and beverage industry.
Employees are expected to uphold high standards of hygiene and grooming to ensure food
safety, prevent contamination, and maintain a professional image. Failure to adhere to these
standards can lead to health hazards, customer complaints, and even legal consequences for
businesses.

Proper personal presentation goes beyond looking neat; it involves cleanliness, hygiene,
appropriate attire, and overall readiness to work in a food service environment. This module
will explore the essential standards for safe personal presentation and how they contribute to
workplace safety.

The following are essential elements of personal presentation that employees in the food and
beverage industry must observe:

1. Personal Hygiene

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Maintaining good personal hygiene is vital for preventing the spread of bacteria and ensuring
food safety. Essential hygiene practices include:

Handwashing – Wash hands thoroughly with soap and warm water before handling
food, after using the restroom, and after touching money or waste.

Nail Care – Keep fingernails short, clean, and free from nail polish or artificial nails
to prevent contamination.

Oral Hygiene – Brush teeth regularly and use mouthwash to ensure fresh breath,
especially when working in close proximity to customers.

Avoiding Strong Odors – Avoid strong perfumes, colognes, and body odor, as these
can be unpleasant for customers and coworkers.

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2. Grooming and Attire

A well-groomed appearance is essential in food service

settings. Employees should:

Wear Clean and Appropriate Uniforms – Ensure

uniforms are clean, free from stains, and properly
fitted.

Hair Restraints – Keep hair tied back or covered

with a hairnet, cap, or chef’s hat to prevent hair
from falling into food.

Minimal Jewelry – Avoid wearing rings,

bracelets, earrings, or watches, as they can harbor
bacteria and pose a safety risk.

Proper Footwear – Wear non-slip, closed-toe

shoes to prevent slips and falls in the workplace.

3. Health and Fitness

Employees should be in good health when reporting to work to prevent spreading illnesses.
Guidelines include:

Reporting Illness – Inform a supervisor if experiencing symptoms of fever, diarrhea,

vomiting, or other contagious conditions.

Staying Hydrated – Drink enough water to remain alert and prevent dehydration
during shifts.

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 Getting Enough Rest – Ensure proper rest before work to maintain efficiency and
attentiveness.

Importance of Safe Personal Presentation in the Workplace

Maintaining high personal presentation standards benefits both employees and

businesses in the following ways:

Prevents Food Contamination – Proper hygiene and attire reduce the risk of bacteria
transferring to food.

Enhances Professionalism – A well-groomed appearance makes a positive

impression on customers and improves service quality.

Ensures Compliance with Regulations – Food safety laws require strict hygiene and
sanitation standards in the workplace.

Boosts Employee Confidence – Employees who maintain good personal presentation

feel more confident and perform their duties effectively.

Common Mistakes in Personal Presentation and How to Avoid Them

Below are some common mistakes that should be corrected in the workplace:

Mistake Correct Practice

Wearing dirty or wrinkled uniforms Wear a clean, well-maintained uniform daily

Touching face or hair while handling food Avoid unnecessary hand contact and wash

hands frequently

Long or unclean fingernails Keep nails short, clean, and free from polish

Excessive use of perfume or cologne Use minimal or no scented products in food

service areas

Not covering wounds or cuts Use waterproof bandages and gloves when

necessary

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 Self-check 2.2-1

1. Why is maintaining a safe personal presentation standard important in the

workplace?

a) To impress customers with fashionable outfits

b) To ensure safety, hygiene, and professionalism

c) To compete with coworkers on appearance

d) To avoid wearing uniforms

2. Which of the following is a key element of safe personal presentation?

a) Wearing excessive jewelry and accessories

b) Keeping hair tied back and clean

c) Wearing open-toed shoes in hazardous areas

d) Using strong perfumes in food-handling workplaces

3. What type of footwear is considered safe in most workplaces?

a) High heels for better posture

b) Open-toed sandals for comfort

c) Closed-toe, non-slip shoes

d) Slippers to move quietly

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4. Why is it important to wear clean and appropriate clothing at work?

a) To follow safety and hygiene regulations

b) To match coworkers’ fashion choices

c) To attract customer attention

d) To avoid extra laundry work

5. Which of the following should be avoided in a food and beverage workplace?

a) Short and clean nails

b) Excessive perfume or cologne

c) Wearing a hairnet when handling food

d) Keeping a spare clean uniform

6. What should be done with personal protective equipment (PPE) after use?

a) Keep using it until it wears out

b) Clean, store, or dispose of it properly as required

c) Share it with coworkers to save resources

d) Leave it anywhere after work

7. Which of these is an important hygiene practice for safe personal presentation?

a) Washing hands regularly before handling food

b) Wearing long artificial nails for style

c) Using scented lotions when working with food

d) Wearing the same uniform for multiple days

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8. Why should long hair be tied back in certain workplaces?

a) To make a fashion statement

b) To keep it away from machinery, food, or flames

c) To avoid getting caught in doorways

d) To show professionalism only during meetings

9. How can an employee ensure their uniform meets safety standards?

a) By choosing a size that looks stylish

b) By wearing the designated uniform for their job role

c) By modifying it to match personal preferences

d) By selecting any work attire that feels comfortable

10. What is the best way to maintain personal hygiene at work?

a) Showering, using deodorant, and keeping nails trimmed

b) Avoiding deodorant to prevent strong scents

c) Wearing the same uniform for multiple days

d) Using heavy cologne or perfume to cover odors

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 Answer Key 2.2-1

1. B
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. B
10.A

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 JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 2
Title: Respond Appropriately to Faults, Problems, and Emergency Situations

Performance Objective:
To demonstrate the ability to identify workplace faults, respond to problems, and take
appropriate action during emergency situations while following workplace safety
protocols.

Supplies/Materials:

Emergency response manual

First aid kit

Fire extinguisher (if applicable)

Emergency contact list

Incident report form

Safety signs and barriers (e.g., caution tape, cones)

Equipment:

Fire alarm system

Emergency exits and evacuation routes

Personal protective equipment (PPE) (gloves, masks, goggles)

Communication devices (e.g., radio, phone)

Steps/Procedure:

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1. Identify Workplace Faults and Problems:

Recognize common workplace hazards, such as faulty equipment, spills, or exposed wires.

Report faults and safety concerns to the appropriate personnel immediately.

2. Respond to Emergency Situations:

Follow emergency procedures as outlined in workplace policies.

Alert the necessary personnel (e.g., supervisor, emergency responders) when an emergency
occurs.

3. Fire and Evacuation Procedures:

In case of fire, activate the nearest fire alarm and use an extinguisher only if safe to do so.

Evacuate using designated routes and proceed to the assembly area.

4. First Aid and Injury Response:

Provide basic first aid assistance if trained and necessary.

Ensure injured persons receive proper medical attention by calling emergency services.

5. Handling Hazardous Spills and Chemical Incidents:

Use appropriate PPE before handling spills.

Follow workplace spill containment procedures and report the incident immediately.

6. Security Threats and Unauthorized Access:

Report suspicious activities or unauthorized personnel to security or management.

Follow lockdown or evacuation procedures if required.

7. Documentation and Reporting:

Complete an incident report accurately, detailing the event and response actions.

Suggest improvements to workplace safety based on observations.

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Direct observation of the candidate responding to faults, problems, and emergency

situations.

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Evaluation of the candidate’s ability to follow workplace safety protocols.

Review of the completed incident report for accuracy and thoroughness.

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST LO NO. 2

JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME 2

CRITERIA YES NO
1. Workplace faults, hazards, and problems are identified and reported to
the appropriate personnel.

2. Emergency procedures are followed according to workplace policies.

3. Appropriate actions are taken to minimize risks and ensure safety.

4. Emergency exits and evacuation routes are recognized and used

correctly when needed.
5. Fire safety protocols, including the use of fire extinguishers, are
demonstrated correctly.

6. First aid procedures are applied correctly in case of injury (if trained
and required).

7. Security threats or breaches are reported to the appropriate authority

immediately.

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 LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 3

5’s in Workplace

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
3.1 Follow the principles of FI-FO
3.2 Set aside everything in its proper place
3.3 Proper labeling of cabinets/shelves
3.4 Sweep floor and dust furniture and fixtures

CONTENTS:
 5’s Principles

CONDITIONS:
 soft brooms
 duster
 organizers
 labeling materials
 markers
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METHODOLOGY:
Self paced/modular
Demonstration
Small group discussion
Distance education

ASSESSMENT METHODS
Written/Oral examination
Practical demonstration
Observation

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome No. 3

5’s in Workplace
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet 3.1-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
1.3 Answer self-check 3.1-1 your understanding by completing the self-
1.4 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 3.1-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
2. Answer job sheet for learning outcome Evaluate the work of the trainee based on the
no. 3 performance criteria checklist

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 Information Sheet 3.1-1

 5’s Principles

Learning objective:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Describe the five key principles of 5S

 Apply 5S principles to maintain a clean, organized, and safe work environment.

INTRODUCTION

A well-organized workplace leads to increased efficiency, safety, and productivity.

This module aims to equip learners with a comprehensive understanding of the 5S
methodology—Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. Learners will explore how
each principle contributes to workplace organization and how they can apply these principles
in real-world scenarios. By the end of this module, learners should be able to identify and

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eliminate unnecessary items, arrange tools and materials systematically, maintain cleanliness,
establish standardized procedures, and develop habits to sustain workplace improvements.

The 5S methodology originated in Japan and is widely used in various industries to

create a clean, organized, and efficient work environment. The five steps—Sort (Seiri), Set
in Order (Seiton), Shine (Seiso), Standardize (Seiketsu), and Sustain (Shitsuke)—help
organizations improve workflow, reduce waste, and enhance overall workplace safety.

The 5S Principles

1. Sort (Seiri)

Sorting involves identifying and removing unnecessary items from the workplace.
This process helps eliminate clutter, making it easier to find essential tools and materials.

 Inspect all items in the workplace

and categorize them as necessary or
unnecessary.
 Remove obsolete, broken, or unused
items to free up space.
 Implement a red-tagging system to
temporarily mark questionable
items before disposal.
 Organize only the essential tools
and materials needed for daily
operations.

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2. Set in Order (Seiton)

Setting in order focuses on arranging items in a systematic and logical manner to improve
workflow and efficiency.

 Designate specific locations for tools,

equipment, and materials.
 Use labels, color coding, and visual cues
to identify item placements.
 Store frequently used items in easily
accessible areas.
 Create ergonomic workstations that
minimize unnecessary movement.

3. Shine (Seiso)

Shining involves maintaining cleanliness in the workplace to ensure a safe and pleasant
working environment.

 Implement a daily cleaning

schedule to prevent dirt and debris
accumulation.
 Regularly inspect machines and
equipment for maintenance needs.
 Encourage employees to clean as
they go to maintain an organized
workspace.
 Assign specific cleaning
responsibilities to team members.

4. Standardize (Seiketsu)

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Standardizing creates a structured system where best practices are documented and followed
consistently across the organization.

Develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) for

workplace organization and maintenance.
Use checklists and visual management tools to reinforce
5S principles.
Conduct regular audits to ensure compliance with
established standards.
Provide training sessions to employees to reinforce best
practices.

5. Sustain (Shitsuke)

Sustaining involves developing a culture where employees continuously practice and improve
5S principles over time.

Foster a mindset of discipline and

commitment to workplace organization.
Conduct periodic refresher training to
reinforce 5S habits.
Recognize and reward employees who
consistently follow 5S practices.
Encourage continuous improvement by
gathering feedback and making necessary
adjustments.

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 Self-check 3.1-1

1. What does the “5S methodology” primarily focus on?

a) Increasing product variety

b) Organizing and maintaining a clean workplace

c) Expanding business operations

d) Hiring more employees

2. What does the first "S" in 5S stand for?

a) Standardize

b) Sustain

c) Sort

d) System
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3. Which of the following actions represents the "Sort" (Seiri) step in 5S?

a) Keeping only necessary items and removing unnecessary ones

b) Arranging items in an aesthetically pleasing way

c) Throwing everything away and starting fresh

d) Mixing all tools together in one storage area

4. The "Set in Order" (Seiton) step focuses on:

a) Placing items where they are most convenient for workflow

b) Cleaning the workplace daily

c) Removing old equipment

d) Increasing employee working hours

5. What is the main goal of "Shine" (Seiso) in 5S?

a) To add decorations to the workspace

b) To keep the workplace clean and free of dirt and dust

c) To hire a professional cleaning service

d) To purchase new office supplies regularly

6. Standardize (Seiketsu)ensures that:

a) A single person is responsible for cleaning

b) The 5S process becomes a routine and best practice

c) Employees work overtime to maintain order

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 d) Workspaces are only cleaned once a year

7. Why is "Sustain" (Shitsuke) considered one of the most difficult steps in 5S?

a) It requires continuous discipline and effort

b) It involves buying expensive equipment

c) It requires hiring a dedicated 5S officer

d) It focuses only on short-term improvements

8. What is the primary benefit of implementing 5S in the workplace?

a) Increased efficiency and productivity

b) More decorative workstations

c) Less supervision from management

d) Higher employee turnover

9. In the 5S system, what does labeling and color-coding tools help with?

a) Improving workplace aesthetics

b) Making it easier to find and return items quickly

c) Ensuring personal tools are not used

d) Following government regulations

10. How often should 5S principles be practiced?

a) Once a year during general cleaning

b) Only when guests or inspectors visit

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 c) Daily, as part of workplace culture

d) Whenever an employee feels like it

Answer Key 3.1-1

1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. B
10. C

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 JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 3
Title: Apply 5S Principles in the Workplace

Performance Objective:
To demonstrate the ability to apply 5S principles (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize,
Sustain) in the workplace to improve efficiency, safety, and organization

Supplies/Materials:

Labeling materials (stickers, markers, tags)

Cleaning supplies (disinfectant, broom, mop, dustpan)

Storage bins and organizers

Waste disposal bins (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous)

Workplace signage for organization and safety

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Equipment:

Workstation and tools

Filing cabinet or storage area

Color-coded containers for sorting items

PPE (gloves, masks, if needed for cleaning)

Steps/Procedure:

1. Sort (Seiri) – Remove Unnecessary Items:

Identify and separate necessary from unnecessary items.

Dispose of or relocate unneeded materials to create a clutter-free space.

2. Set in Order (Seiton) – Organize Items for Efficiency:

Arrange tools and materials in a logical, easy-to-access manner.

Use labels, color codes, or signage to indicate designated storage locations.

3. Shine (Seiso) – Clean and Inspect the Workplace:

Perform daily cleaning and maintenance of workstations and equipment.

Identify and fix potential hazards, such as spills or damaged equipment.

4. Standardize (Seiketsu) – Implement Consistent Procedures:

Create workplace checklists and cleaning schedules.

Ensure all employees follow the same organizational and safety practices.

5. Sustain (Shitsuke) – Maintain and Improve Practices:

Conduct regular workplace audits to ensure 5S compliance.

Encourage a culture of cleanliness and organization among employees.

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Direct observation of the candidate implementing 5S in the workplace.

Evaluation of the cleanliness, organization, and efficiency of the workstation.

Review of labeling, storage, and waste disposal practices.

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST LO NO. 3
JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME 3

CRITERIA YES NO
1. Unnecessary items are identified and removed from the workplace.

2. Tools, equipment, and materials are arranged in designated locations

for easy access.
3. Workstations and surrounding areas are cleaned and maintained
regularly.

4. Proper labeling and storage systems are implemented and followed.

5.Waste disposal is conducted according to workplace policies
(biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous).

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 6.Workplace safety, efficiency, and organization are improved through
the application of 5S principles.

7.Cleaning checklists and schedules are established and followed

consistently.

LEARNING OUTCOME NO.4

Environmental Protection Awareness

Contents:

 Waste management and pollution control

 Effect of pollution and Types of pollutants

Assessment Criteria:

4.1. Segregates wastes

4.2. Identify bio-degradable from non-bio-degradable
4.3. Empties trash regularly
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 4.4. Use environmental friendly materials in waste disposal
4.5. Proper waste disposal

Condition:

 Modules
 Reference book
 Guidelines on waste disposal
 Flyers/brochures

Methodologies:

 Lecture and Discussion

 Demonstration of Tool Identification and Usage
 Hands-on Practice
 Group Activities and Workshops

Assessment method:

 Practical Demonstration
 Oral Questioning
 Written Exam
 Observation Checklist

LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome No. 4

Waste management and pollution control

Learning Activities Special Instruction

1. Read information sheet 4.1-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
1.1 Answer self-check 4.1-1 your understanding by completing the self-
1.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 4.1-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
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 not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
2. Read information sheet 4.2-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
2.1 Answer self-check 4.2-1 your understanding by completing the self-
1.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 4.2-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
3. Read information sheet 4.3-1 - Review the information sheet and validate
3.1 Answer self-check 4.3-1 your understanding by completing the self-
3.2 Check your answer using check.
the answer key no. 4.3-1 Ensure correct answers to all questions before
advancing to the next activity.
- Check answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
answer all
questions correctly.
4. Answer job sheet for learning outcome Evaluate the work of the trainee based on the
no. 4 performance criteria checklist

Information Sheet 4.1-1

Waste management and pollution control

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

 Demonstrate proper waste segregation, disposal, and recycling techniques in accordance

with hygiene and environmental safety standards.
 Show responsibility and commitment to sustainable waste management practices by
actively reducing, reusing, and recycling materials in the workplace and daily life.

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 Waste management refers to the collection, transportation, processing, recycling, and
disposal of waste materials in a way that minimizes environmental impact. Pollution control
involves strategies to reduce pollutants released into the environment. Effective waste
management and pollution control help preserve natural resources, maintain public health,
and mitigate climate change.

Types of Waste

Waste is categorized based on its composition and origin. Proper classification helps in
selecting the most effective disposal and recycling methods.

1. Solid Waste - Includes household trash, industrial byproducts, and construction

debris.
2. Liquid Waste - Comprises wastewater from households, factories, and agricultural
runoffs.
3. Hazardous Waste - Contains toxic, corrosive, or flammable materials such as
batteries, chemicals, and medical waste.
4. Organic Waste - Biodegradable materials like food scraps, garden waste, and
manure.
5. Recyclable Waste - Materials like paper, plastic, metal, and glass that can be
processed for reuse.
6. E-Waste - Discarded electronic devices such as old computers, phones, and
appliances.

Waste Management Methods

Proper waste management techniques ensure a cleaner environment and reduce
the depletion of natural resources.

Waste Segregation
Sorting waste at the source prevents contamination and makes
recycling more efficient. Common segregation categories
include:

Biodegradable Waste (food scraps, garden waste)


Non-Biodegradable Waste (plastics, glass, metals)

 Hazardous Waste (batteries, chemicals, medical waste)

WASTE REDUCTION TECHNIQUES

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Minimizing waste production is the most effective way to manage waste:

1. Reduce - Avoid unnecessary packaging and single-use plastics.

2. Reuse - Repurpose items like glass bottles
and old clothing.
3. Recycle - Convert waste materials into
new products.
4. Composting - Decomposing organic waste
to produce natural fertilizers.

Waste Disposal Methods

When recycling or reusing is not possible, waste must be disposed of properly.

1. Landfills - Designated areas where waste is

buried; modern landfills have protective
liners to prevent contamination.

2. Incineration - Burning waste to reduce

volume; may generate energy but can
release pollutants.

3. Waste-to-Energy Plants - Convert waste into

usable energy through controlled combustion.

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 4. Sanitary Sewage Treatment - Processes
wastewater to remove contaminants before
releasing it into the environment.

Pollution Control Strategies

Pollution control aims to minimize harmful environmental effects caused by human activities.

Air Pollution Control

 Use of catalytic converters in vehicles to reduce

emissions.
 Installation of air scrubbers in industrial facilities.
 Promotion of alternative energy sources like solar
and wind power.

Water Pollution Control

 Proper wastewater treatment before discharge.

 Reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in
agriculture.
 Cleanup initiatives for polluted rivers and oceans.

Soil Pollution Control

 Avoiding excessive use of chemical fertilizers and

pesticides.
 Proper disposal of hazardous waste.
 Promoting sustainable farming techniques like
crop rotation.

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 Noise Pollution Control

 Use of sound barriers in urban areas.

 Regulation of industrial noise levels.
 Encouraging the use of quieter machinery.

Self-check 4.1-1

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

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1. Which of the following is an a) Buy more packaged products
example of hazardous waste? b) Use single-use plastics
a) Food scraps c) Practice the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse,
b) Plastic bottles Recycle)
c) Batteries d) Dump waste in open areas
d) Cardboard 7. What is an example of non-
2. What is the most effective way to biodegradable waste?
manage waste? a) Paper
a) Incineration b) Fruit peels
b) Recycling c) Plastic bottles
c) Waste reduction d) Leftover food
d) Landfilling 8. Which practice can minimize water
3. What does composting help with? pollution?
a) Air pollution a) Dumping chemicals into rivers
b) Soil enrichment b) Reducing the use of fertilizers
c) Water contamination c) Burning trash near water sources
d) Noise control d) Increasing wastewater discharge
4. Which waste disposal method 9. What is the main purpose of
generates energy? pollution control?
a) Landfilling a) To create more waste
b) Waste-to-energy plants b) To reduce environmental
c) Composting damage
d) Recycling c) To eliminate all human activities
5. What is the purpose of air d) To increase industrial production
scrubbers? 10. What type of pollution is caused by
a) Filter water contaminants excessive noise?
b) Reduce noise pollution a) Air pollution
c) Capture air pollutants b) Water pollution
d) Separate waste at landfills c) Noise pollution
d) Soil pollution

6. How can individuals help reduce

waste?

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 Answer Key 4.1-1
1. c
2. c
3. b
4. b
5. c
6. c
7. c
8. b
9. b
10. c

Information sheet 4.2 -1

Effect of pollution and Types of pollutants
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Learning Objectives

After completing this lesson, learners should be able to:

Effects of Pollution

The consequences of pollution extend across multiple domains, affecting human health,
ecosystems, climate patterns, and the overall balance of life on Earth. Below are the
significant impacts of pollution, categorized by their primary effects:

1. Human Health Impacts

Pollution severely affects human health, leading to a wide range of illnesses and long-
term complications:

 Respiratory Diseases – Air pollution, particularly fine

particulate matter (PM2.5) and toxic gases like sulfur
dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), can cause
respiratory ailments such as asthma, chronic bronchitis,
and lung cancer. Prolonged exposure weakens lung
function and increases the risk of respiratory infections.

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  Cardiovascular Issues – Pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO) and heavy metals contribute to high b
pressure, heart disease, and stroke. Fine particles from
industrial emissions can enter the bloodstream, causing
inflammation and increasing the likelihood of heart attacks.

 Neurological Disorders – Heavy metal contamination, particularly from lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg),
to cognitive impairment, brain damage, and developmental
issues in children. Prolonged exposure to neurotoxic
substances affects memory, attention span, and overall
brain function.

 Waterborne Diseases – Contaminated water sources can lead to the spread of diseases such as choler
typhoid fever, and dysentery. Bacterial and viral
pathogens thrive in polluted water, posing severe health
risks to communities without access to clean drinking
water.

2. Environmental Degradation

Pollution disrupts ecosystems and damages natural

habitats, leading to biodiversity loss and long-term
ecological imbalances:

 Destruction of Ecosystems – Pollutants

such as oil spills, plastic waste, and
industrial chemicals can devastate entire
ecosystems. For example, oil spills in oceans
suffocate marine animals, poison coral reefs,
and deplete oxygen levels in water.

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  Defores
tation
and
Soil
Erosion
– Acid
rain,
caused by air pollution, weakens trees and plants,
leading to deforestation. Additionally, chemical
pollutants alter soil composition, making it infertile and
contributing to land degradation and desertification.

3. Climate Change and Global Warming

The release of greenhouse gases from industrial

and human activities accelerates global warming
and disrupts climate patterns:

 Greenhouse Gas Emissions – Carbon

dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and
nitrous oxide (N₂O) trap heat in the Earth's
atmosphere, increasing global
temperatures. This results in altered
weather patterns, affecting agriculture,
water resources, and overall ecosystem
stability.

 Extreme Weather Conditions – High

levels of air pollution intensify climate
change effects, leading to stronger
hurricanes, prolonged droughts, wildfires,
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 and heavy rainfall, causing widespread destruction.

 Melting of Ice Caps and Rising Sea Levels – The continuous release of pollutants
contributes to the warming of the planet, causing glaciers and polar ice caps to melt.
Rising sea levels pose a significant threat to coastal communities, increasing the risk
of floods and land submersion.

4. Water Contamination and Marine Life Destruction

Pollution significantly impacts freshwater and marine ecosystems, leading to severe

consequences for aquatic life:

 Oxygen Depletion in Water Bodies – Industrial and agricultural waste, such as

fertilizers and chemicals, introduce excessive nutrients into lakes and rivers,
triggering algal blooms. These blooms deplete oxygen levels, creating dead zones
where aquatic organisms cannot survive.
 Microplastic Pollution – Millions of tons of plastic waste end up in oceans each year.
Marine animals often mistake microplastics for food, leading to ingestion, internal
injuries, and poisoning. Plastics also introduce toxic chemicals into the food chain,
posing risks to marine biodiversity and human health.

5. Soil Contamination and Agricultural Impact

Pollution affects soil quality, reducing its fertility

and contaminating crops, which directly impacts
food security and public health:

 Reduced Soil Fertility – Pesticides,

herbicides, and industrial waste seep into the
soil, altering its composition and killing
essential microorganisms that support plant
growth. As a result, agricultural productivity
declines.

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  Toxic Crop Contamination – Heavy metals
like cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) can
accumulate in crops grown in polluted soil.
When consumed, these toxins enter the
human body, leading to long-term health
issues, including organ damage and cancer.

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 Self-Check 4.2-1

Instructions: Read each question carefully and choose the correct answer.

1. What is the primary cause of

pollution in the environment?
a) Natural disasters
b) Human activities
c) Animal migration
d) Solar radiation 6. Which pollutant is commonly
2. Which of the following is NOT a linked to neurological disorders in
major effect of air pollution on children?
human health? a) Carbon dioxide
a) Asthma and bronchitis b) Lead (Pb)
b) High blood pressure c) Oxygen
c) Increased oxygen levels in the d) Nitrogen gas
air
d) Lung cancer
3. What is a major contributor to
global warming?
a) Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
b) Greenhouse gases like carbon 7. Which of the following is an
dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) example of soil pollution?
c) Nitrogen-based fertilizers a) Oil spills in the ocean
d) Oil spills b) Acid rain damaging crops
4. How does noise pollution primarily c) Noise from construction sites
affect humans? d) Smoke from industrial plants
a) It increases the oxygen level in 8. How does light pollution affect
cities. wildlife?
b) It helps improve concentration a) It helps nocturnal animals find
and focus. food easily.
c) It causes hearing impairment and b) It disrupts migration patterns
stress-related issues. and natural cycles.
d) It increases biodiversity. c) It has no impact on animals.
5. What is the main consequence of d) It increases plant growth.
excessive nutrient pollution in 9. What is a major effect of melting
water bodies? polar ice caps?
a) Faster fish reproduction a) Reduced greenhouse gas
b) Algal blooms that deplete emissions
oxygen levels b) Rising sea levels and coastal
c) Increased freshwater supply flooding
d) Improved water quality c) Increased air quality
d) Formation of new forests
10. How can pollution be reduced
effectively?
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 a) Increasing industrial waste c) Burning more fossil fuels for
dumping energy
b) Promoting clean energy and
responsible waste management

Answer Key 4.2-1

1. b) Human activities
2. c) Increased oxygen levels in the air
3. b) Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄)
4. c) It causes hearing impairment and stress-related issues.
5. b) Algal blooms that deplete oxygen levels
6. b) Lead (Pb)
7. b) Acid rain damaging crops
8. b) It disrupts migration patterns and natural cycles.
9. b) Rising sea levels and coastal flooding
10. b) Promoting clean energy and responsible waste management

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 JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 4
Title: Promote Environmental Protection Awareness

Performance Objective:
To demonstrate awareness and application of environmental protection practices in the
workplace by minimizing waste, conserving resources, and adhering to environmental
policies.

Supplies/Materials:

Recycling bins (biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous waste)

Reusable bags or containers

Energy-efficient light bulbs

Eco-friendly cleaning supplies

Posters or signage promoting environmental awareness

Equipment:
Waste segregation station

Water and energy monitoring system (if available)

Composting bin (if applicable)

Air quality monitoring tools (if applicable)

Steps/Procedure:

1. Understand Environmental Policies and Regulations:

Familiarize yourself with workplace environmental policies and legal requirements.

Identify practices that contribute to environmental sustainability.

2. Practice Proper Waste Management:

Segregate waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and hazardous waste.

Reduce, reuse, and recycle materials whenever possible.

Properly dispose of hazardous waste according to workplace guidelines.

3. Conserve Energy and Water:

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Turn off lights and equipment when not in use.

Use energy-efficient appliances and eco-friendly alternatives.

Report any water leaks or energy inefficiencies to the appropriate personnel.

4. Maintain a Clean and Green Workplace:

Use environmentally friendly cleaning products.

Participate in workplace initiatives such as tree-planting and sustainability programs.

Encourage co-workers to adopt eco-friendly habits.

5. Promote Environmental Awareness:

Educate colleagues on the importance of environmental protection.

Display posters or reminders about conservation efforts.

Follow and advocate for best practices in environmental sustainability.

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Direct observation of the candidate practicing environmental protection measures.

Evaluation of waste management, energy conservation, and sustainability practices.
Review of adherence to workplace environmental policies.

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST LO NO. 4
JOB SHEET LEARNING OUTCOME 4

CRITERIA YES NO
1. Workplace environmental policies and legal requirements are
identified and followed accordingly.

2. Proper waste segregation is demonstrated (biodegradable, non-

biodegradable, hazardous).
3. Energy conservation practices, such as turning off unused equipment
and lights, are observed.

4. Water conservation measures are practiced, such as reporting leaks and

minimizing waste.
5. Environmentally friendly products and materials are used when
available.

6.Cleaning and maintenance tasks are performed using eco-friendly

methods.

7.Participation in environmental sustainability programs (e.g., tree

planting, recycling drives) is encouraged.

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 REFFERENCES

Pollution control. Retrieved from

https://www.britannica.com/technology/pollution-control
Climate Action Accelerator. Waste management principles. Retrieved from
https://climateactionaccelerator.org/solution-areas/waste_management_principles/
European Environment Agency. (2024). How air pollution affects our health. Retrieved
https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/air-pollution/eow-it-affects-our-health
Waste management strategies. In Environmental Biology. Retrieved from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-monroe-environmentalbiology/chapter/15-2-waste-
management-strategies/
Health & environmental effects of air pollution. Retrieved from
https://www.mass.gov/doc/health-environmental-effects-of-air-pollution/download
National Geographic Society. (n.d.). Pollution. Retrieved from
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/pollution/
Principles for pollution control. Retrieved from
https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=79964&section=7.2
Pollutants: Definition, types & examples. Retrieved from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/pollutants-definition-types-examples.html
Pollutants – Types, examples, effects | Air, water, noise, and light. Retrieved from
https://www.toppr.com/guides/chemistry/environmental-chemistry/pollutants-types-examples-effects/
Managing air quality – Air pollutant types. Retrieved from
https://www.epa.gov/air-quality-management-process/managing-air-quality-air-pollutant-types
Learn about pollution prevention. Retrieved from
https://www.epa.gov/p2/learn-about-pollution-prevention
How air pollution is destroying our health. Retrieved from
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https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/how-air-pollution-is-destroying-our-health

First aid

https://р52.навигатор.дети/program/50399-pervaya-pomoshc

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