A)i)
LAN/ Require Network Gateway/1st Broadcast Subnet Mask
Subnetwork d Host ID/Network Usable
Address Address
Lan 2 64 192.168.30.0 192.168.30.1 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.
27 128
Lan 1 45 192.168.30.1 192.168.30.1 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.
28 29 91 192
Lan 3 14 192.168.30.1 192.168.30.1 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.
92 93 07 240
Lan 4 9 192.168.30.2 192.168.30.2 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.
08 09 23 240
ii)For Router 1:
Router>enable
(For lan 1)
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface G0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.129 255.255.255.192
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
(For lan 2)
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface G0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.128
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
For router to router communication
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface G0/2
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.253 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
For Router 2;
(For lan 3)
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface G0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.193 255.255.255.240
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
(For lan 1)
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface G0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.209 255.255.255.240
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
Router to router communication
Router(config)#interface G0/2
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#exit
iii)For devices click any device and enter desktop and open Ip configuration
and set the ipv4 address ,default gateway and subnet mask
Device LAN IP Address Subnet Default
Mask Gateway
PC0 LAN1 192.168.30.1 255.255.255. 192.168.30.1
30 128 29
PC1 LAN1 192.168.30.1 255.255.255. 192.168.30.1
31 128 29
PC2 LAN3 192.168.30.1 255.255.255. 192.168.30.1
94 240 93
PC3 LAN3 192.168.30.1 255.255.255. 192.168.30.1
95 240 93
PC4 LAN2 192.168.30.2 255.255.255. 192.168.30.1
128
PC5 LAN2 192.168.30.3 255.255.255. 192.168.30.1
128
PC6 LAN4 192.168.30.2 255.255.255. 192.168.30.2
10 240 09
PC7 LAN4 192.168.30.2 255.255.255. 192.168.30.2
11 240 09
B)THE DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS IN TRANSPORT AND
APPLICATION LAYER
Transport layer is responsible for end-to-end
communications between devices and ensures
data is delivered reliably and in correct order.
Protocols:
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)
o It establishes a connection before data
transfer
o Ensures data is delivered without errors
and in correct order
o Manages data flow revenge overwhelming
the receiver
o Uses acknowledgement and retransmission
to ensure data integritytrust me I could tell
but it's all the same
UDP(User datagram protocol)
There is no connection established before
data transfer
It does not guarantee delivery ,order or
error checking
It uses cases like video streaming ,online
gaming ,DNS
Key protocols in the application layer
Http(hypertext transfer protocol)
Use for transferring web pages on the Internet
Works on top of TCP
Each request is independent of others
FTP (file transfer protocol)
used for transferring files between a client and
a server
Works on top of TCP
it handles the transmission of emails between
servers
SMTP (simple mail transfer protocol)
use for sending emails
works on top of TCP
handles the transmission of emails between
servers
DNS (domain name system)
use for resolving domain names to IP
addresses
Works on top of UDP (typically)
translate human readable domain
names(www.google.com) to IP
addresses(142.250.190.14)
