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chapter4_computerscience_IGCSE

Logic gates are fundamental components of digital circuits that process binary data (0 and 1) by controlling electronic signal flow. The document describes various types of logic gates, including NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and XOR, along with their logic and Boolean notations and truth tables. Additionally, it illustrates a complex logic circuit combining AND, OR, and XOR gates, demonstrating the possible outputs based on different input combinations.

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chapter4_computerscience_IGCSE

Logic gates are fundamental components of digital circuits that process binary data (0 and 1) by controlling electronic signal flow. The document describes various types of logic gates, including NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and XOR, along with their logic and Boolean notations and truth tables. Additionally, it illustrates a complex logic circuit combining AND, OR, and XOR gates, demonstrating the possible outputs based on different input combinations.

Uploaded by

melato.asia07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Logic gates

A logic gate is a basic foundation of a digital circuit.


Data are both stored and transmitted by digital computers as the binary digits 0 and 1.
Various tasks are performed in a computer by switching on a high voltage or a low voltage through
a digital circuit called a logic gate.
High voltage = binary digit 1 Low voltage = binary digit 0.
Some circuits may only have a few logic gates, others, such as a microprocessor, could have
thousands. Each logic gate controls the flow of electronic signals in a predetermined way.

The NOT gate


Logic notation X = NOT A
Boolean notation X = Ā

A X
1 0
0 1
The AND gate
Logic notation X = A AND B
Boolean notation X = A.B

A B X
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

The OR gate
Logic notation X = A OR B
Boolean notation X = A+B

A B X
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1

The NAND gate


Logic notation X = NOT (A AND B)
Boolean notation X = 𝐴. 𝐵

A B X
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
The NOR gate
Logic notation X = NOT (A OR B)
Boolean notation X = 𝐴 + 𝐵

A B X
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0

The XOR gate


Logic notation X = (NOT AND B) + (A AND NOT B)
Boolean notation X = A Å B

A B X
0 0 0
1 1 0
1 0 1
0 1 1

Logic circuits
AND gate, OR gate, XOR gate.
X = (A AND B) XOR (C OR D)
2! = 16 total output possible

A B C D E F X
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 0 1 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 1 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 0

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